KR20130088194A - Bridging device for an expansion joint in a structure fit for traffic - Google Patents

Abstract

In a bridging device for telescopic joints 4 arranged between shifts 2 and superstructures 3 in transitable structures, several crossbars 5 extending bridge the joint gap between the shifts and superstructures extend. The crosspieces are supported in alternation and in the superstructure. Between the alternation and the superstructure there are arranged a number of slats 7 extending in the longitudinal direction of the joint, each of which is supported on at least one part of the crosspieces. The spacing between the slats is controlled by spring equipment, which is followed by the slats. Individual spring devices provide different control forces depending on their placement inside the device, where each control force of the spring devices has a tilt across the longitudinal direction of the joint.

Description

Bridging devices for telescopic joints in transitable buildings {BRIDGING DEVICE FOR AN EXPANSION JOINT IN A STRUCTURE FIT FOR TRAFFIC}

The present invention relates to a bridging device for an expansion joint disposed between an abutment and a superstructure in a transitable building having the following characteristics:

A number of cross-members extending between the alternating and superstructures, which bridges the joint gap, which are supported on the alternating and superstructures;

A plurality of slats extending in the longitudinal direction of the joint are arranged between the alternation and the superstructure, each of which is supported on at least one part of the crosspieces;

The spacing between the slats is controlled by spring devices, which are followed by corresponding slats.

Bridging devices of the type described above, in particular used in bridge construction, are known in various implementations. At this time, the crossbars can be clamped firmly on one side (see eg DE 19607593 A1) or they can slide and be supported on the superstructure as well as on the shift (see DE 3201751 C2 for example), so that the possibilities of change exist for example in connection with the installation of the crossbars. do. The slats can be supported sliding on all the rungs; Alternatively, the individual or all slats are each tightly connected with the assigned crossbars which slide and are supported in the alternation as well as in the superstructure, in which case sliding support of the slats on the remaining crossbars is possible but not mandatory. At this time, the spring devices connected in series in the form of a control chain should ensure as evenly a gap as possible between the slats. This control of slat spacings through the above-mentioned spring equipment is a slat-forced control that guarantees exactly the same slat spacings in that they are much less sensitive to damage that may result from possible suppression (see eg EP 0215980 A1). Superior to The suppression is not only due to structural reasons, but also due to external influences (due to the limited possible oblique position of the cross in a very large bridging device), for example due to contamination of the slats, contamination or foreign matter (eg stones due to contamination on the sliding surface). Blocking of individual gaps).

At narrow joint widths, known bridging devices of the type described above have proved wholly suitable. But in the middle, and especially in large joint widths, special measures are needed to counteract too large a difference in the width of the individual gaps between each of the two adjacent slats; What may be mentioned here is the use of friction-free sliding material and / or an increase in control force through a larger or stronger control spring, in particular in the area of support of the slats on the runways. These measures are more expensive and cannot safely prevent the very problematic opening of individual gaps beyond the permissible dimensions in the bridging device defined for very large joint widths.

The latter requires the additional use of a stop to limit the width of the individual gaps, in particular the above-mentioned bridging device known in the art for large joint widths. However, the mechanical coupling of slats adjacent to each other via activated stops results in a significant dynamic load that acts to promote wear; In addition, the stops are not suitable for contributing to the uniformity of the gap width of the individual gaps below the maximum allowable gap width.

The object of the invention is, above all, that the opening of individual gaps beyond the permissible dimensions is generally structural and manufacturing technically relatively only through control springs, i.e. no stops are required for this and reliably avoided. It is to provide a bridging device of the type described above, which is particularly suitable for very large joint widths at low cost. It is then particularly advantageous if the action is made to equalize the gap widths of the individual gaps in the remaining operating regions of the bridging device, for example at relatively small joint widths.

The object is that, in the bridging device of the above-mentioned type, the individual spring devices provide different controlling forces depending on their arrangement inside the device, wherein each control force of the spring devices is in the longitudinal direction of the joint. By having a gradient across. The different control forces of the individual spring machines in the direction of the control chain act in particular between the slats and the crossbars in the sliding support of the slats on the crossbars and overcome in tracking the slats due to changes in the joint width. And allow for consideration of friction forces that are added per slat. In other words, according to the invention, it acts between the slats and the crossbars, inhibits the compensation movement of the slats at varying joint widths, and in the case of crossbars clamped on one side, from one joint edge to the other. In the case of crossbars that are summed to the edge and sliding and supported on both sides, the frictional forces summed from both joint edges toward the center of the joint are compensated for by the varying control forces over the width of the joint. By suitably fitting the control forces provided by the spring equipment in the operating area of large joint widths to different (summed) friction forces in the direction of the control chain, the force balance between the control forces and the friction forces that must be overcome, respectively, is approximate. Can be reached, thereby preventing undesirably large openings of the individual gaps of the open bridging device.

First of all, when applying the invention in a conventional bridging device, which is especially designed for large joint widths, and thus in particular with a large quantity of (eg 15 or more) slats, Only by the targeted adjustment according to the invention of the control force gradient, therefore without compulsory control of the slats, but also without the use of stops, beyond the permissible dimensions The opening of the individual gaps can be reliably prevented. However, the present invention is not only preferable in this respect; Rather, it produces entirely surprising results, i.e., the present invention can advantageously serve to equalize slat spacings even in other operating states of the bridging device (e.g. at relatively small joint widths) under the preconditions described in detail below.

In the bridging device according to the invention, one of the pedestals of the crosspieces, respectively, is implemented as a clamping part and the other is carried out with sliding, so that the inclination of the control force extends over the entire joint width in accordance with the purpose. At this time, if the spring devices have a stress acting in the sense of decreasing the slat spacing at the maximum joint width, respectively, in accordance with a preferred refinement of the invention, the control force gradient is such that each control force of the spring devices is It may be chosen in such a way that it increases in the direction of the sliding pedestal. In the opposite case, in the case of stress of spring equipment acting in the sense of expanding the slat spacing at the maximum joint width, the inclination extends in the opposite direction. The foregoing describes whether the spring units are essentially stress-free at a nominal position that lies between the maximum and minimum allowable joint widths in accordance with another preferred refinement of the invention, or It is, however, valid regardless of whether it has a stress acting in the sense of reducing or expanding the slat spacing in the same direction over the entire working area of the bridging device.

Likewise, it is effective in the case of a cross rest which slides on two sides, i.e. in the superstructure as well as on the alternating side, under conditions in which two opposite control force gradients prevail on both sides of the slats arranged to some extent. In particular, in this case, as long as the spring devices have a stress in the sense of the reduction of the slat spacing at the maximum joint width, the control force of each of the spring devices can increase from the center of the joint toward the joint edges. This refinement is described in more detail below.

The particular advantages of the present invention are that, in the sense of the above embodiment, the spring equipment, which is essentially stress free at the nominal position, lies between the maximum and minimum allowable joint widths, provides different control forces. Stiffnesses, ie steepness, appear when they have different force-path-characteristic curves. This is because the control force gradient in this case acts on the slat spacings while equalizing not only at the opening of the joint in the region of large joint widths but also at the closing of the joint in the region of small joint widths. Even in operating positions close to the minimum joint width, mechanical contact of the slats is effectively excluded in this way.

The spring devices give up the additional advantages described above and are not essentially stress free at the nominal position lying between the maximum and minimum allowable joint widths, but rather are stressed over the entire operating area of the bridging device. In a bridging device, in the scope of the present invention, spring units providing different control forces have different stiffnesses, rather they differ from one another in strength corresponding to the control force gradient. Initial stresses are also considered.

The above-mentioned advantages realized by applying the present invention are particularly evident when the crossbars slide and are supported on both sides, ie alternately as well as on the superstructure. This is because, in this case, the friction forces are summed in two and can be compensated through the control force gradient according to the invention. The result is a particularly small deviation of the slats from the intended position. In the application of the above-mentioned principles, in such a bridging device with sliding arms supported on both sides, according to the invention individual spring equipments provide different control forces, wherein each control force of the spring equipments has two opposite control force gradients. Increase or decrease in the direction from the center of the joint gap to its edges, respectively-depending on the direction of the stress of the spring units. If the spring devices have a stress acting in the sense of decreasing the slat spacing at the maximum joint width, each control force of the spring devices increases from the center of the crosspieces toward the joint edges. In contrast, in the stress of the spring devices in the sense of the expansion of the slat spacing at the maximum joint width, the control force of each of the spring devices decreases from the center of the crosspieces toward the joint edges.

If all the slats or optionally all the slats except the one arranged in the center are sliding and supported on the crossbars, in the installation sliding on both sides of the crossbars, the crossbars, according to another preferred refinement of the invention, again In other words, its midpoint relative to the center of the joint can be forcedly controlled in a constant manner regardless of the current joint width. Here, rope controls are known, for example known from forced control from slats. This mandatory control of the rungs is advantageous if all the slats slide and are supported on the rungs, ie the central slats are not rigidly connected to the rungs. On the other hand, in most practically significant applications, one can give up this type of forced control of the rungs. As can be seen, the present invention further provides a bridging device in which the slats or several slats are differently connected to each other and slid on both sides and firmly connected to the supported crossbars, and therefore the crossbars are moved to different dimensions at varying joint widths. It is also suitable for use in; Because here This is because friction forces that add up in the direction of the control chain between the crossbars and the superstructure or alternation can be compensated in the sense of force balance under the use of the present invention.

In bridging devices designed for extremely large joint widths (eg 30 or more slats), it may be advantageous if some of the slats, such as a share between 5% and 15%, are forcibly controlled in an intermittent arrangement or additionally controlled by means of a spring via another system. That is, above all, each tenth slat can be forcedly controlled. To this end, measures which are known per se for the forced control of the slats, for example rope controls, are again provided.

The provision of different control forces by individual spring equipment under certain preconditions can be realized by initial stresses with different strengths of the respective spring units or Alternatively, it has already been described above that the spring devices can have different stiffnesses by including different spring units with different steep force-path-characteristic curves. Another possibility for providing spring devices with different stiffnesses is that the spring devices have the same spring units in different quantities or include different spring units, wherein the spring elements (eg, elastomers) of the different spring units Blocks) have different force-path-characteristic curves (eg, by different dimensions or by different material selection). The above-described measures may be combined with one another (optionally) as necessary.

The maximum overall inclination of the control force caused by the slope of the control force depends, in particular, on the magnitude of the series of influences, such as the manufacturing method of the bridging device (with the rails sliding on one or both sides), the number of slats and the sliding characteristics of the slats on the crossbars. Depends. That is, the overall slope generally increases with increasing the number of slats and the coefficient of friction of the sliding installation of the slats.

The invention can be switched with spring equipment of very different implementations. Particularly good results can then be realized with spring equipment comprising spring elements embodied as elastomeric springs, in which corresponding elastomeric blocks are subjected to shear loads in particular. The superiority of the refinement of the invention, which is particularly preferred in this respect with respect to manufacturing size and cost, is that the spring units of two adjacent spring equipment are each coupled via a plate rigidly connected with the middle of the three adjacent slats. coupled to the plate, thrust springs in the form of elastomer blocks Appear through. The elastomeric blocks are preferably free of stress at the neutral position of the bridging device lying between the minimum gap width and the maximum gap width (see above).

According to another aspect of the invention, the spring equipment may comprise spring units distributed and arranged on a number of control fields each disposed between two mutually adjacent rungs, wherein Significant rises in control force within the control chain of the individual control fields in the control fields of are staggered from one another. This, even with the use of the same spring elements (which is preferable from a cost point of view), jumps in the control force present inside the individual control fields with the result of a slope of almost or completely the same shape of the control of the entire device, in the range of the entire device. Allow the flattening of them.

For the sake of clarity, it should be pointed out that in the scope of the present invention the control force does not have to be forcibly increased or decreased per individual gap according to the critical slope; Rather, in some cases, several adjacent slats each may form a group in the sense that the spring devices acting between them are designed for matching control forces. The deviation associated with it from the theoretically optimal control force characteristics is acceptable and justified by cost savings.

It should likewise be pointed out just for clarity that in the bridging device according to the invention, in some cases additional stop devices can be provided as a supplementary safety measure, the devices being tolerated in case of failure of the standard function. Prevent local opening of individual gaps beyond However, these devices are standard It is not carried out in operation, since the implementation of the control chain characteristic for the present invention at least possible uniform spacing of the slats and in particular the tightness of the individual gap widths within the permissible range are ensured only by the control fields. to be.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings.

1 is a vertical sectional view of a bridging device according to the invention in the region of the crosspiece transverse to the longitudinal direction of the joint,
FIG. 2 is a bottom view of an area lying between two crossbars of the bridging device according to FIG. 1, FIG.
3 is a vertical sectional view of the bridging device according to FIGS. 1 and 2 along the line (III-III).

The bridging device 1 shown in the drawing for a telescopic joint 4 disposed between the alternating bridge 2 and the superstructure 3 of the bridge comprises several crossbars 5, the crossbars comprising a-joint gap Bridges-extends between the superstructure 3 and the shift 2 and is supported on the shift and the superstructure. At this time, the crosspieces 5 are clamped to the superstructure 3; On the other hand, the shift 2 is provided with a sliding pedestal 6 of the crosspieces, which allow relative movement (double arrow A) in the longitudinal direction of the crossbar 5 with respect to the shift 2. do. Between the alternating 2 and the superstructure 3 a number of slats 7 are arranged, which extend in the longitudinal direction of the joint (double arrow B) and slide and are supported on the crosspiece 5. . In view of the stacking and tilting-free position, which prevents the slat from falling off, each of the slats is assembled to the clamps 8, the clamps encircling the crossbars 5, and the fasteners have an assigned sliding of the crossbars. Sliding blocks 9 and 10 sliding on the surface are provided, and those of the sliding blocks arranged below the crosspiece are also used for the initial stress of the unit. The spacing between each two adjacent slats 7 is controlled by the spring devices 11, which are followed by corresponding slats. The whole of all spring equipments 11 forms a control chain extending from the shift 2 to the superstructure 3.

In the above-mentioned range, the bridging device according to the drawings is in accordance with well known prior art, and therefore does not require a more detailed description in this respect.

Each spring device 11 comprises a plurality of spring units 12, which are distributed in the longitudinal direction B of the joint, each arranged between the crosspieces 5. For example, between both rungs 5 ₁ and 5 _2-as seen from the superstructure 3-between the 12th slat 7 ₁₂ and the 13th slat 7 ₁₃ both spring units 12 _{12-13. , 1} and 12 _12-13,2 ) act. The other spring units of the corresponding spring equipment 11 _12-13 are arranged between the other crosspieces.

The spring unit (12 _12-13,1) is firmly slats ₍₇₁₃₎ and the spring element in the form of a connected plate 13 and elastomer spring (16, _12-13) (15, _12-13) through the web (14) It includes. The elastomeric spring is subjected to shear load, for this purpose The elastomeric spring is connected to the plate 13 from below and fixed to the bottom of the slat 7 ₁₂ from above. The spring unit 12 _12-13 , 2 comprises two spring elements in the form of two elastomeric springs under shear and a plate 17, which is firmly connected with the slats 7 ₁₂ through the web in a corresponding manner. . When looking over the entire length of the slats, the spring elements are as symmetrically as possible to obtain a free distribution of the control forces acting between the respective slats from the momentum around the vertical axis. Is placed.

In view of the possible compact implementation of the entire spring system, each of the aforementioned plates is assigned to two mutually adjacent spring units. That is, the plate 13 has slats over the slats _{(713) (714)} extends to the bottom; A spring element (15, _13-14) the elastomeric spring (16, _13-14) is also connected to the plate forming the said elastomeric spring is fixed to the lower surface of the slats _(714).

To connect the control chain to the alternating 2 and the superstructure 3 essentially the same applies as for the connection between the two slats. The spring equipment 11 _u-1 acting between the superstructure 3 and the adjacent slats 7 ₁ each comprises a spring unit 12 _u-1 between two mutually adjacent cross bars. The spring unit comprises two spring elements 15 _u− in the form of a plate 18 which is firmly connected to the slat 7 ₁ via the web 19 and two elastomeric springs 16 _u-1 subjected to shear load. ₁ ) includes. The elastomeric springs are secured to the lower surface of the counterpart plate 20 from above, and the counterpart plate is firmly connected with the superstructure 3 via the bracket 21. In the case of a spring device 1 1 _{26 -W} acting between the _26th slat 7 ₂₆ and the alternator 2, the spring unit 12 _26-W comprises four elastomeric springs subjected to shear loads.

In particular, as shown in FIG. 3, the individual spring equipments 11 provide different control forces depending on their arrangement inside the device. That is, the rigidity of the spring units 12 shifts from the superstructure 3 through the increase in the number of spring elements 15 provided per spring unit 12 in the direction of alternating 2 from the superstructure 3. Direction, and consequently the control force of each of the spring devices 12 has an inclination across the longitudinal direction of the joint. Inside the control field shown in FIG. 3, the control force rises in two jumps from the superstructure 3 in the direction of alternating 2, ie in the eleventh slat 7 ₁₁ and the twentieth slat 7 ₂₀ . Control force jumps in the other control fields within the entire apparatus, ie for the uniformity of the control force gradient, including the individual control chains distributed and arranged over all the control fields, are shown in FIG. 3. Transferred to the jumps.

This figure shows the bridging device in a nominal position lying between the maximum and the minimum allowable joint widths. 3 shows that the spring units 12 are essentially free of stress at the nominal position, so that the spring devices 11 are stressed in the sense of reducing the slat spacing at the joint width assigned above the nominal position. And a stress in the sense of expansion of the slat spacing at the joint width assigned below the nominal position.

Claims (1)

Bridging device as described in the detailed description of the present invention.

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