EP1836353A1

EP1836353A1 - Bridging device for an expansion joint in a structure fit for traffic

Info

Publication number: EP1836353A1
Application number: EP06706182A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Bernd Urich
Original assignee: Mageba SA
Current assignee: Mageba SA
Priority date: 2005-01-12
Filing date: 2006-01-10
Publication date: 2007-09-26
Anticipated expiration: 2026-01-10
Also published as: CN101160436A; EP1710351A1; KR20130088194A; KR20070114705A; DE502006003178D1; KR101323936B1; EP1836353B1; CN100572672C; WO2006074892A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a bridging device for an expansion joint (4) in a structure fit for traffic, said expansion joint being placed between an abutment (2) and a superstructure (3). A number of cross-members (5) that bridge the joint gap extend between the abutment and the superstructure and are supported on the abutment and on the superstructure. A multitude of slats (7) extending in a longitudinal direction of the gap are placed between the abutment and superstructure and are each supported on at least one portion of the cross-members. The distance of the slats from one another is controlled by spring devices to which the relevant slats are connected. The individual spring devices provide different controlling forces according to their arrangement inside the device, whereby the respective controlling force of the spring devices has a gradient transversal to the longitudinal direction of the joint.

Description

Bridging device for an expansion joint in a passable structure

The present invention relates to a bridging device for an expansion joint arranged between an abutment and a superstructure in a drivable structure, having the following features:

Between the abutment and the superstructure extend a plurality of the joint gap bridging trusses, which are supported on the abutment and the superstructure; between the abutment and superstructure a plurality of slats extending in the longitudinal direction of the joint is arranged, which in each case are supported on at least part of the trusses; the distance of the slats to each other is controlled by spring means to which the respective slats are connected.

Bridging devices of the type specified above, as they are used in particular in bridge construction, are known in various designs. Variations exist, for example, with regard to the mounting of the trusses by being firmly clamped on one side (cf., for example, DE 19607593 A1) or slidingly supported both on the abutment and on the superstructure (cf., for example, DE 3201751 C2). , The slats can be slidably supported on all trusses; or individual or all lamellae are fixedly connected with associated, in each case both on the superstructure and on the abutment slidably supported trusses, in which case a sliding support of the lamellae on the other trusses possible, However, it is not mandatory. The spring devices, which are connected in series in the form of a timing chain, should provide each other as uniform spacing of the slats. Such a control of the lamellar spacings via said spring devices is superior to a lamellar positive control (cf., for example, EP 0215980 A1), which ensures exactly the same lamellar spacings, insofar as it is much less susceptible to damage resulting from possible constraints can . These constraints can be due to design (in the case of very large bridging devices due to the limited possible inclination of the trusses) as well as external influences (eg: jamming of a slat due to dirt in the sliding surfaces, blocking of a single slit due to dirt or foreign bodies (eg stone) etc.).

For narrow joint widths, the known Überbrüσkungsvorrichtungen of the type specified have proven to be quite good. However, in the case of medium and, in particular, large joint widths, special measures are necessary to prevent too large differences in the widths of the individual gaps between each of two adjacent lamellas; to mention here are in particular the use of particularly low-friction lubricants in the field of support of the slats on the trusses and / or the increase of the control forces on larger or harder control springs. These measures are associated with additional expenditure and are not able to reliably prevent the particularly critical opening of individual gaps beyond a permissible extent in the case of bridging devices intended for very large joint widths. The latter requires in particular provided for large joint widths known bridging devices of the type specified, the additional use of the width of the single column limiting attacks. However, a mechanical coupling of adjacent slats on activated attacks results in considerable dynamic stresses, which in turn act wear-demanding; Moreover, the attacks are not suitable to contribute to an equalization of the gap widths of the individual column below the maximum allowable gap width.

The present invention has set itself the task of providing a bridging device of the type described above, which is particularly suitable for a comparatively small constructional and manufacturing effort, especially for very large joint widths, namely by opening individual columns above a permissible level beyond usually alone the control springs, d. H . without this attacks are required is reliably avoided. It would be particularly desirable if in the other areas of operation of the lock-up device, for. B. at a comparatively small joint width, the gap widths of the individual gaps would have a uniforming effect.

In a lock-up device of the type specified, this object is achieved in that the individual spring devices depending on their arrangement within the device provide different control forces, wherein the j eweilige control force of the spring means transversely to the joint longitudinal direction has a gradient. The towards the Timing chain different control forces of the individual spring devices allow in particular a consideration ofjj in a sliding support of the slats on the trusses between the slats and the trusses acting frictional forces to be overcome in a tracking of the slats due to a change in the joint width and from lamella to Add up lamella. In other words, according to the present invention, the frictional forces acting between the slats and the crossbars, compensating for the compensating movements of the slats as the width of the joint changes, which in the case of cantilever trusses, slide from one joint edge to the other joint edge and, in the case of both sides, slidably supported Add trusses from both joint edges to the middle of the joint, compensating for the control forces that change across the width of the joint. By appropriate tuning derj eigen control forces, which are provided by the spring devices in the operating range of large joint widths, in the direction of the timing chain different (accumulated) frictional forces can be approximately an equilibrium of forces between the control forces and e each to be overcome frictional forces reach, creating an unacceptably large Opening of individual column of the opening bridging device is prevented.

In particular, in application of the present invention, such generic bridging devices which are designed for particularly large joint widths and accordingly have a particularly high number (eg over 15) of lamellae can as a rule be solely controlled by the control force gradient according to the invention and thus without compulsory Preventing the slats and without the use of attacks reliably prevent the opening of individual columns beyond a permissible level. However, the present invention is not only advantageous in this respect; Rather, it can, which is a quite surprising result, under the conditions explained below in more detail also in other operating states of the lock-up device (eg, with a comparatively small joint width) have a favorable effect on a homogenization of the lamellar spacings.

If, in one bridging device according to the invention, in each case one of the supports of the crossbars is designed as a restraint and the other slidably, then the gradient of the control force expediently extends over the entire joint width. In this case, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the spring means at maximum joint width in each case an acting in the sense of reducing the fin spacing voltage, so the Steuerkraftgradient is to be chosen so that the j erous control force of the spring devices in the direction of the clamping of the trusses sliding support increases. In the case of a reversed, acting at maximum joint width in the sense of increasing the fin spacing voltage of the spring means of the gradient runs in the opposite direction. The above applies regardless of whether the spring units, according to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, in a between the maximum and the minimum allowable joint width nominal position are substantially stress-free or over the entire working range of the lock-up device in the same sense have a reduction or increase in the lamella distance acting stress.

The same applies in the case of a two-sided, d. H . both on the abutment and on the superstructure sliding support of the trusses with the proviso that prevail on both sides of a more or less centrally located slat two opposite Steuerkraftgradienten. In particular, in this case, if the spring devices at maximum joint width have a tension in the sense of a reduction of the lamellar spacing, the respective control force of the spring devices in the direction from the center of the joint to the joint edges increase. This training will be discussed in more detail below.

Particular advantages of the invention then arise when the spring devices in the sense of the above statements in a between the maximum and the minimum allowable joint width nominal position are substantially free of stress and the different control forces providing spring devices different stiffnesses, d. H . have different steep force-displacement characteristics. Because in this case, the Steuerkraftgradient affects both the opening of the joint in the area of large joint widths as well as when closing the joint in the range of small joint widths comparatively on the lamellar spacings. Even in operating positions near the minimum joint width, a mechanical contact of the slats is effectively excluded in this way.

For bridging devices in which the spring devices, dispense with the above-mentioned In the context of the present invention, consideration is also given to the fact that the spring units providing different control forces are not tensioned in a nominal position lying between the maximum and the minimum permissible joint widths substantially stress-free but rather over the entire operating range of the bridging device have different stiffness, but rather are biased differently according to the Steuerkraftgradienten.

The above-described, achievable in application of the present invention advantages are particularly pronounced when the trusses on both sides, d. H. both slidably supported on the abutment and on the superstructure. For in this case the friction forces to be summed up in each case and to be compensated for by the control force gradients according to the invention are halved. The result is a particularly small deviation of the slats from their nominal position. In application of the principles explained above, in a sol bridging device with trusses supported on both sides, the individual spring devices provide different control forces, the respective control force of the spring devices being offset by two opposite control force gradients, in each case from the center of the joint gap in the direction of its edges Dependence on the direction of the tension of the spring units - increasing or decreasing. If the spring devices at maximum joint width have a tension which acts in the sense of reducing the lamellar spacing, then the respective control force of the spring devices increases in the direction from the center of the crossbars to the joint edges. In a chip tion of the spring means at maximum joint width in the sense of increasing the fin spacing decreases in contrast to the j eweilige control force of the spring devices in the direction of the center of the trusses to the joint edges.

Support all slats or possibly. all lamellae except for a centrally arranged sliding on the trusses, so in a sliding on both sides of the trusses can be forcibly positively controlled in accordance with yet another preferred embodiment of the invention that their midpoint centered center is independent of the current joint width constant. Here, for example, rope controls come into consideration, as they are known from the forced control of lamella ago. Such forced control of the trusses is also and especially advantageous if all slats are slidably supported on the trusses, d. H . Also, a middle lamella is not rigidly connected to the trusses. In most practically relevant applications, however, one will be able to dispense with such ZwangSteuerung the trusses. Incidentally, the present invention is, moreover, also suitable for use in such bridging devices, in which the or. several lamellae are in each case firmly connected to each other with different trusses slidingly supported on both sides, and in which the trusses thus shift to varying degrees as the joint width changes; because here too, the frictional forces between the traverses and the superstructure, which accumulate in the direction of the timing chain, can be reduced. the abutment can be compensated using the invention in the sense of an equilibrium of forces. In the case of bridging devices designed for extremely large joint widths (eg with 30 or more lamellae), it may be favorable if some of the lamellae, for example a proportion of between 5% and 15%, are forcibly controlled in an intermittent arrangement or additionally via another System is controlled by a spring. Thus, every tenth lamella can be force-controlled. For this purpose, in turn, provide the known for the forced control of slats as such measures such as cable controls.

Earlier it was stated that the provision of different control forces by the individual spring means under certain conditions by a different strong bias of j eweiligen spring units can be realized or that the spring devices may have different stiffness th by different spring units with different steep force-way Characteristics include. Other possibilities for providing spring devices with different stiffnesses are that the spring devices have identical spring units in different numbers or different spring units whose spring elements (eg elastomer blocks) have different force-displacement characteristics (for example due to different dimensions or different spring forces) Material choice) include. If necessary, the measures described can also be combined with one another (as desired).

The maximum, caused by the Steuerkraftgradienten total gradient of the control force is dependent on a number of factors such as in particular the construction the bridging device (trusses mounted on one side or sliding on both sides), the number of lamellae and the sliding behavior of the lamellae on the trusses. Thus, the overall gradient generally increases with the number of slats and the increase in the coefficient of friction of the sliding bearings of the slats.

The present invention can be implemented with spring devices of various designs. Particularly good results can be achieved with spring devices comprising spring elements designed as elastomer springs, wherein the corresponding elastomer blocks are stressed in particular to shear. A so far in terms of size and cost particularly preferred development of the invention is characterized in that the spring units of two adjacent spring means in each case one connected to the middle of three adjacent slats rigidly connected plate to which the two adjacent slats on thrust springs in the form of elastomer blocks are coupled. The elastomer blocks are preferably stress-free in a neutral position between the minimum and maximum gap widths of the bridging device (see above).

According to another aspect of the present invention, the spring means may comprise a plurality of control units distributed between each two adjacent trusses distributed spring assemblies, wherein jumps in the control force within the timing chain of the individual control fields in the various control fields are offset from one another. This allows even when using identical spring elements, which is advantageous in terms of cost - is liable, as part of the overall device, a smoothing of existing within the individual control fields SteuerkraftSprünge resulting in a nearly or completely uniform gradient of the control force of the overall device.

For clarification, it should be noted that in the context of the present invention, the control force according to the relevant gradient does not necessarily have to increase or decrease from single gap to single gap; rather u can. Also, in each case, a plurality of mutually adjacent lamellae form a group in the sense that the spring devices acting between them are designed for matching control forces. The associated deviation from a theoretically optimal control force characteristic is justifiable and justified by cost savings.

Also, for the sake of clarity only, it should be pointed out that, if necessary, even with bridging devices according to the invention. As an additional safety measure, additional stop-like devices can be provided which, in the event of a malfunction of the normal function, prevent the local opening of individual gaps beyond the permissible level. However, such devices do not come into play in normal operation, because due to the characteristic of the invention design of the timing chain, the at least largely uniform spacing of the slats and in particular the maintenance of individual gap widths within the permissible range is ensured solely by the control springs. In the following, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to a preferred embodiment illustrated in the drawing. It shows

Fig. 1 shows a vertical section in the region of a traverse transverse to the longitudinal direction of the joint through a bridging device according to the invention;

Fig. 2 in a view from below between two

Traversing lying region of the bridging device of FIG. 1 and

Fig. 3 is a vertical section through the bridging device according to FIGS. 1 and 2 along the line III-III.

The bridging device 1 represented in the drawing for a stretch joint 4 arranged between an abutment 2 and a superstructure 3 of a bridge comprises a plurality of trusses 5 which, bridging the joint gap, extend between the superstructure 3 and the abutment 2 and abut on the abutment and support the superstructure. The trusses 5 are clamped to the superstructure 3; Meanwhile, a sliding support 6 of the trusses is provided on the abutment 2, which permits a relative movement (double arrow A) of the trusses 5 in their longitudinal direction relative to the abutment 2. Between the abutment 2 and superstructure 3 a plurality of fins 7 is arranged, which extend in the longitudinal direction of the joint (double arrow B) and are supported slidingly on the trusses 5. With regard to a lift-off support and a tilt-free position of the slats, one of them is mounted on brackets 8, which surround the cross members 5 and on which on sliding surfaces of the cross members sliding slide blocks 9, 10, of which the arranged under the trusses also serve to bias the unit, are attached. Also, the distance j in each case two mutually adjacent lamellae 7 to each other is controlled by spring means 11, to which the respective lamellae are connected. The totality of all spring devices 11 forms a timing chain extending from the abutment 2 to the superstructure 3.

In the scope set forth above, the lock-up device according to the drawing corresponds to the well-known prior art, so that there is no need for more detailed explanations.

Each spring device 11 comprises a plurality of spring units 12 which are distributed in the longitudinal direction of the joint B and in each case are arranged between the cross members 5. For example, act between the - viewed from the superstructure 3 - 12th slat 7 ₁₂ and 13th slat 7 ₁₃ between the two trusses S ₁ and 5 _2, the two spring units 12 ₁₂ _ _{13; 1} and 12 ₁₂ _ _{13 <2} . Further spring units of the corresponding spring device H _12-13 are arranged between further traverses.

The spring unit 12 ₁₂ _ _{13 jl} comprises a plate 13 which is connected via a web 14 fixed to the blade 7 ₁₃ , and a spring element 15 ₁₂ _ ₁₃ in the form of an elastomeric spring 16 _12th ₁₃ . This is claimed to thrust, for which purpose it is connected to the bottom plate 13 and fixed at the top of the bottom of the blade 7 ₁₂ . The spring unit 12 ₁₂ . _{13 j 2} comprises a plate 17 which is connected in a corresponding manner via a web fixed to the blade 7 ₁₂ , and two spring elements in the form of two loaded on thrust elastomeric springs. About the Viewed over the entire length of the lamellae, the spring units are arranged as symmetrically as possible in order to obtain a distribution of the control forces acting between the respective lamellae that is free from moments about the vertical axis.

In view of a compact design of the entire spring system is j ede of said plates associated with two adjacent spring units. Thus, the plate 13 is extended beyond the slat 7 ₁₃ out to below the slat 7 ₁₄ ; with her is also the spring element 15 ₁₃ . ₁₄ forming elastomer spring 16 ₁₃ . ₁₄ , which is fixed to the underside of the blade 7 ₁₄ .

For the connection of the timing chain to the abutment 2 and the superstructure 3 is substantially the same as for the connection of two slats together. The spring device H ₁ acting between the superstructure 3 and the adjacent lamella I _x comprises between each two mutually adjacent crossbars a spring unit 12 ₁ . This comprises a plate 18 which is connected via a web 19 fixed to the blade I ₁ , and two spring elements 15 ^ ₁ in the form of two loaded on thrust elastomeric springs 16 ^. ₁ These are fixed to the top of the underside of a counter-plate 20 which is connected via a bracket 21 fixed to the superstructure 3. In the case of acting between the 26th slat 7 _2S and the abutment 2 spring means H _2S -w comprises the spring unit 12 ₂₆ _ _w four loaded on thrust elastomer springs.

As shown in particular in FIG. 3, the individual spring devices 11 are dependent on their control within the device different control forces ready. On the increase in the number of per spring unit 12 provided spring elements 15 of the superstructure 3 in the direction of the abutment 2 namely increases the rigidity of the spring units 12 of the superstructure 3 in the direction of the abutment 2, so that as a result the j eweilige control force of Spring means 12 transversely to the longitudinal direction of the joint has a gradient. Within the in Fig. 3 control field increases the control force from the superstructure 3 in the direction of the abutment 2 in two jumps, namely on the 11th slat I ₁₁ and the 20th slat I _20th To equalize the Steuerkraftgradienten within the overall device, d. H . including the individual control chains arranged distributed over all control fields, the control force jumps in the other control fields are similar to those in FIG. 3 shown offset control field.

The drawing shows the bridging device in a lying between the maximum and the minimum allowable joint width nominal position. In Fig. 3 graphically illustrates that the spring units 12 are substantially free of stress in this nominal position, so that the spring means 11 at a above the nominal position associated joint width a voltage in the sense of reducing the pitch and at a below the nominal position associated joint width a voltage in the Have sense of increasing the fin spacing.

Claims

ISAnsprüche

1. Bridging device for a between an abutment (2) and a superstructure (3) arranged expansion joint (4) in a navigable structure, with the following features: between the abutment and the superstructure extend mehrf the joint gap bridging trusses (5) , which are supported on the abutment and the superstructure; between the abutment and superstructure, a plurality of slats extending in the longitudinal direction of the joint (7) are arranged, which in each case are supported on at least a part of the trusses; the distance of the slats to each other is controlled by spring means (11) to which the respective slats are connected; characterized in that the individual spring devices provide different control forces depending on their arrangement within the device, wherein the respective control force of the spring devices has a gradient transversely to the longitudinal direction of the joint (B).

2. Bridging device according to claim 1, characterized in that in each case one of the supports of the trusses (5) is designed as clamping and the other sliding, wherein the gradient of the control force extends over the entire joint width.

3. Bridging device according to claim 2, characterized in that that the spring devices (11) at maximum joint width have a tension in the sense of reducing the lamellar spacing and the respective control force of the spring devices increases in the direction of the clamping of the crossbars (5) to their sliding support (6).

4. Bridging device according to claim 1, characterized in that the trusses (5) on the abutment (2) and the superstructure (3) are slidably supported.

5. bridging device according to claim 4, characterized in that two opposite Steuerkraftgradienten are provided on both sides of the middle of the trusses.

6. Bridging device according to claim 5, characterized in that the spring means at maximum joint width have a voltage in the sense of reducing the fin spacing and increases the respective control force of the spring means in the direction of the center of the trusses to the joint edges.

7. bridging device according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the trusses (5) are forcibly controlled in such a way that their center of the center of the center is independent of the actual joint width constant.

8. bridging device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the spring means (11) are in a lying between the maximum and the minimum allowable joint width nominal position substantially free of stress.

9. lock-up device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that all slats (7) sliding on the

Support trusses (5).

10. lock-up device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that a part of the slats (7) is positively controlled in an intermittent arrangement or in addition via another system by means of a spring.

11. Bridging device according to claim 10, characterized in that the proportion of controlled slats is between 5% and 15%.

12. Bridging device according to claim 4, characterized in that a maximum, substantially centrally arranged blade is firmly connected to the trusses.

13. Bridging device according to claim 4, characterized in that that a plurality of fins are firmly connected to each other with different traverses.

14. Bridging device according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the different control forces providing spring means (11) have different stiffnesses.

15. Bridging device according to claim 14, characterized in that the different stiffnesses having spring means (11) have identical spring units in different numbers.

16. Bridging device according to claim 14, characterized in that the different stiffnesses comprise spring devices (11) different spring units (12) with different steep force-displacement characteristics.

17. Bridging device according to claim 16, characterized in that the differently steep force-displacement curves having spring units have identical spring elements in different numbers.

18. Bridging device according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the different control forces provide Lenden spring means (11) differently biased spring units (12).

19. Bridging device according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that at maximum joint width, the control force of the spring means with the maximum control force is at least 1.7 times the value of the control force of the spring means with the minimum control force.

20. Bridging device according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the spring means (11) as elastomer springs

(16) comprise executed spring elements (15).

21. Bridging device according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the spring units (12) of two adjacent spring devices (11) are structurally coupled.

22. Bridging device according to claim 21, characterized in that the spring units (12) of two adjacent spring devices (11) in each case one with the middle of three adjacent lamellae (7) rigidly connected plate (13, 17) to which the two adjacent Slats are connected via spring elements (15) are coupled.

23. Bridging device according to one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that the spring devices (11) comprise spring units (12) which are in each case distributed on a plurality of each two adjacent traverses (5) arranged control fields, wherein jumps in the control force within the timing chain of the individual control fields in the various control fields are offset from each other.