KR20130001233A - 배터리용 충전 균일화 시스템 - Google Patents
배터리용 충전 균일화 시스템 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR20130001233A KR20130001233A KR1020127023263A KR20127023263A KR20130001233A KR 20130001233 A KR20130001233 A KR 20130001233A KR 1020127023263 A KR1020127023263 A KR 1020127023263A KR 20127023263 A KR20127023263 A KR 20127023263A KR 20130001233 A KR20130001233 A KR 20130001233A
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- capacitor
- current
- inductor
- voltage generator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
- B60L58/15—Preventing overcharging
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from AC mains by converters
- H02J7/04—Regulation of charging current or voltage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
- B60L58/14—Preventing excessive discharging
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
- B60L58/22—Balancing the charge of battery modules
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/46—Accumulators structurally combined with charging apparatus
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/50—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon multiple batteries simultaneously or sequentially
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/50—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon multiple batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/52—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon multiple batteries simultaneously or sequentially for charge balancing, e.g. equalisation of charge between batteries
- H02J7/54—Passive balancing, e.g. using resistors or parallel MOSFETs
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/50—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon multiple batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/52—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon multiple batteries simultaneously or sequentially for charge balancing, e.g. equalisation of charge between batteries
- H02J7/56—Active balancing, e.g. using capacitor-based, inductor-based or DC-DC converters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/482—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2105/00—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load
- H02J2105/30—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load the load networks being external to vehicles, i.e. exchanging power with vehicles
- H02J2105/33—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load the load networks being external to vehicles, i.e. exchanging power with vehicles exchanging power with road vehicles
- H02J2105/37—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load the load networks being external to vehicles, i.e. exchanging power with vehicles exchanging power with road vehicles exchanging power with electric vehicles [EV] or with hybrid electric vehicles [HEV]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Control Of Charge By Means Of Generators (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1000478 | 2010-02-05 | ||
| FR1000478A FR2956260B1 (fr) | 2010-02-05 | 2010-02-05 | Systeme d'equilibrage de charge pour batteries |
| PCT/EP2011/051688 WO2011095608A2 (fr) | 2010-02-05 | 2011-02-04 | Systeme d'equilibrage de charge pour batteries |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| KR20130001233A true KR20130001233A (ko) | 2013-01-03 |
Family
ID=43085936
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1020127023263A Withdrawn KR20130001233A (ko) | 2010-02-05 | 2011-02-04 | 배터리용 충전 균일화 시스템 |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US9085243B2 (https=) |
| EP (1) | EP2532069B1 (https=) |
| JP (1) | JP5674817B2 (https=) |
| KR (1) | KR20130001233A (https=) |
| CN (1) | CN102792548B (https=) |
| FR (2) | FR2956260B1 (https=) |
| WO (1) | WO2011095608A2 (https=) |
Families Citing this family (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102823104B (zh) * | 2010-02-05 | 2016-05-11 | 法国原子能源和替代能源委员会 | 用于电池的充电均衡系统 |
| FR2956261B1 (fr) * | 2010-02-05 | 2012-03-09 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Systeme d'equilibrage pour batteries d'accumulateurs |
| JP5816853B2 (ja) * | 2011-06-28 | 2015-11-18 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 電圧計測装置 |
| FR2982089B1 (fr) * | 2011-10-26 | 2013-11-01 | Renault Sa | Procede d'equilibrage du niveau de charge et de decharge d'une batterie par commutation de ses blocs de cellules |
| FR2990800B1 (fr) | 2012-05-15 | 2014-05-02 | Renault Sa | Equilibrage de charge pour une batterie |
| CN103199579B (zh) * | 2013-03-18 | 2014-10-22 | 天津大学 | 电池组单元电池均衡充电控制器 |
| FR3014253B1 (fr) | 2013-11-29 | 2017-05-19 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Dispositif d'equilibrage de charge des elements d'une batterie de puissance |
| CN103956801B (zh) * | 2014-05-22 | 2016-08-24 | 山东大学 | 一种基于LC谐振变换的Pack to Cell均衡电路及实现方法 |
| DE102015112524A1 (de) * | 2015-07-30 | 2017-02-02 | Halla Visteon Climate Control Corporation | Verfahren zur Spannungsbalancierung von in Reihe geschalteten Kondensatoren |
| WO2017109006A1 (en) | 2015-12-22 | 2017-06-29 | Vito Nv | Connectivity check between cells and wiring control electronics with only one switch |
| WO2018134827A1 (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2018-07-26 | B.G. Negev Technologies And Applications Ltd., At Ben-Gurion University | System for balancing a series of cells |
| KR102150147B1 (ko) | 2017-05-24 | 2020-09-01 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 배터리 모듈 균등화 장치 및 방법 |
| US11493601B2 (en) | 2017-12-22 | 2022-11-08 | Innovusion, Inc. | High density LIDAR scanning |
| US12298399B2 (en) | 2018-02-22 | 2025-05-13 | Seyond, Inc. | Receive path for LiDAR system |
| US11239670B2 (en) * | 2018-09-16 | 2022-02-01 | Richard Landry Gray | Cell balancing battery module and electrical apparatus |
| KR102618970B1 (ko) * | 2018-12-21 | 2023-12-29 | 광동 오포 모바일 텔레커뮤니케이션즈 코포레이션 리미티드 | 복수의 셀을 충전하는 방법, 장치 및 전자 기기 |
| US11486970B1 (en) | 2019-02-11 | 2022-11-01 | Innovusion, Inc. | Multiple beam generation from a single source beam for use with a LiDAR system |
| KR102832843B1 (ko) | 2020-01-31 | 2025-07-10 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 배터리 충방전 제어 장치 및 방법 |
| WO2022181906A1 (ko) * | 2021-02-26 | 2022-09-01 | 서울과학기술대학교 산학협력단 | 삼상 및 단상 겸용 충전기 |
| TWI795749B (zh) * | 2021-03-24 | 2023-03-11 | 邑達電子股份有限公司 | 電池組及電池組串接結構 |
Family Cites Families (22)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5479083A (en) | 1993-06-21 | 1995-12-26 | Ast Research, Inc. | Non-dissipative battery charger equalizer |
| US5659237A (en) | 1995-09-28 | 1997-08-19 | Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation | Battery charging using a transformer with a single primary winding and plural secondary windings |
| US5710504A (en) | 1996-05-20 | 1998-01-20 | The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Illinois | Switched capacitor system for automatic battery equalization |
| US6140800A (en) * | 1999-05-27 | 2000-10-31 | Peterson; William Anders | Autonomous battery equalization circuit |
| US6172478B1 (en) * | 2000-02-23 | 2001-01-09 | Telxon Corporation | Power distribution in a portable device |
| US6642693B2 (en) * | 2000-11-21 | 2003-11-04 | Nagano Japan Radio Co., Ltd. | Voltage equalizing apparatus for battery devices |
| US6583602B2 (en) * | 2001-05-11 | 2003-06-24 | Denso Corporation | Vehicular power supply apparatus and method of controlling the same |
| US6844703B2 (en) * | 2002-08-14 | 2005-01-18 | The Boeing Company | Battery cell balancing system |
| US7245108B2 (en) * | 2002-11-25 | 2007-07-17 | Tiax Llc | System and method for balancing state of charge among series-connected electrical energy storage units |
| US20050077879A1 (en) * | 2003-10-14 | 2005-04-14 | Near Timothy Paul | Energy transfer device for series connected energy source and storage devices |
| TWI260807B (en) * | 2003-12-31 | 2006-08-21 | Ind Tech Res Inst | Equalizer for series of connected battery strings |
| DE102004031216A1 (de) * | 2004-06-28 | 2006-01-19 | Siemens Ag | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Ladungsausgleich in Reihe geschalteter Energiespeicher |
| JP4427667B2 (ja) * | 2005-01-14 | 2010-03-10 | 国立大学法人 大分大学 | 多相式のスイッチングコンバータとその制御方法 |
| CN100524918C (zh) | 2005-07-28 | 2009-08-05 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | 能量转换电路 |
| TWM289925U (en) * | 2005-11-09 | 2006-04-21 | Sino American Electronic Co Lt | Smart-type battery charger with equalizer circuit |
| JP4359301B2 (ja) * | 2006-10-04 | 2009-11-04 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 充電装置 |
| US7612530B2 (en) * | 2006-11-21 | 2009-11-03 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Bridge battery voltage equalizer |
| KR101081255B1 (ko) * | 2007-02-09 | 2011-11-08 | 한국과학기술원 | 전하 균일 장치 |
| JP5035895B2 (ja) * | 2007-09-27 | 2012-09-26 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 発電制御装置 |
| KR101220339B1 (ko) * | 2007-10-16 | 2013-01-09 | 한국과학기술원 | 직렬연결 배터리 스트링을 위한 자동 전하 균일 방법 및장치 |
| US20090195079A1 (en) * | 2008-01-31 | 2009-08-06 | Jens Barrenscheen | Circuit for equalizing charge unbalances in storage cells |
| JP5373850B2 (ja) * | 2011-05-17 | 2013-12-18 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 車載電子制御装置 |
-
2010
- 2010-02-05 FR FR1000478A patent/FR2956260B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-07-22 FR FR1003087A patent/FR2956262B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2011
- 2011-02-04 WO PCT/EP2011/051688 patent/WO2011095608A2/fr not_active Ceased
- 2011-02-04 CN CN201180012578.3A patent/CN102792548B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-02-04 US US13/577,186 patent/US9085243B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-02-04 JP JP2012551640A patent/JP5674817B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-02-04 EP EP11702231.9A patent/EP2532069B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
- 2011-02-04 KR KR1020127023263A patent/KR20130001233A/ko not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2532069A2 (fr) | 2012-12-12 |
| WO2011095608A3 (fr) | 2012-09-13 |
| WO2011095608A9 (fr) | 2012-07-19 |
| JP5674817B2 (ja) | 2015-02-25 |
| FR2956262A1 (fr) | 2011-08-12 |
| US20130038290A1 (en) | 2013-02-14 |
| WO2011095608A2 (fr) | 2011-08-11 |
| FR2956260A1 (fr) | 2011-08-12 |
| FR2956260B1 (fr) | 2012-04-13 |
| US9085243B2 (en) | 2015-07-21 |
| CN102792548A (zh) | 2012-11-21 |
| EP2532069B1 (fr) | 2014-06-25 |
| JP2013519350A (ja) | 2013-05-23 |
| CN102792548B (zh) | 2015-06-03 |
| FR2956262B1 (fr) | 2013-06-07 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PA0105 | International application |
Patent event date: 20120905 Patent event code: PA01051R01D Comment text: International Patent Application |
|
| PG1501 | Laying open of application | ||
| PC1203 | Withdrawal of no request for examination | ||
| WITN | Application deemed withdrawn, e.g. because no request for examination was filed or no examination fee was paid |