KR20120020129A - Smoking room with the air renewed by a laminar flow - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a seating area, in particular a smoking room, comprising air exchange means comprising a supply means 18 and a suction means 20 and consisting of holes distributed over the entire floor 13 and the ceiling 9 of the seating area. In a resting space of a type comprising: at least a hole in the floor 13 is at least two parts, i.e., a downstream part which opens into the resting space and an upstream area which has a larger cross-sectional area than the downstream part and which opens to the other side of the floor 13. It is characterized by consisting of parts.

Description

SMOKING ROOM WITH THE AIR RENEWED BY A LAMINAR FLOW}

The present invention relates to a seating area, in particular a smoking room.

Smoking rooms are especially known in countries that have legislated rules for smoking in public places, and smokers are gathered far from the social spaces where non-smokers are located. In most cases, these smoking rooms are not particularly comfortable for two fundamental reasons: one is the interior of the smoking room and the other is the air in the smoking room. In the absence of effective means of ventilation, it is often difficult to breathe because of the unpleasant odors that smokers blow, and smokers later smell this in their clothes.

Indeed, ventilation means used in premises where air needs to be replaced comfortably, when used to ventilate smoky buildings, whether or not such ventilation means provide additional air conditioning. Generally not effective.

In most cases, these ventilation means consist of small ventilation openings that provide fresh air flow in the building and exhaust contaminated air flow in the building. Therefore, when it is necessary to quickly replace a large amount of air in a building through small blowers / intakes, air flow circulating at a relatively high speed is required. In this situation, even though the pulsed air has a temperature that is generally regarded as a comfortable temperature when the air is not moving, such air above a certain speed may cause a cold feeling on the skin of users in the building. This causes a problem. This phenomenon is known as draughtiness.

One solution for providing a comfortable amount of fresh air at a moderate speed, ie without causing users to feel cold, is to increase the diameter of the vents and the ventilation ducts.

At this time, the ducts are usually placed in suspended ceilings in occupied buildings, and thus face the problem that this increase in duct volume is reflected in unacceptable volume losses.

Japanese Patent Nos. 2006-229584 and 2004-161749 propose an air conditioning apparatus which covers an area of a room to be air-conditioned and in which air is supplied from the ground through a perforated plate having a plurality of holes. This air pulsates with a piston effect and is discharged through the ceiling through which a number of holes are also drilled over its entire area for discharge purposes.

Nevertheless, if, for example, the hole has a small diameter of about 2 mm to 5 mm, the perforated plate, in other words the air passing through the thin wall, tends to produce high levels of flow noise, even whistle. Proved.

Now, if it is necessary to form a resting space, on the one hand, the holes in the bottom should be of small diameter to avoid problems associated with the small heel of the ladies shoes, and on the other hand and at the same time, obstructed by ventilation noises in the space. It is desirable to be able to take advantage of the quiet that is not received.

The object of the present invention is to perform a replacement of air by laminar flow, by suggesting a resting space in which the air replacement means can vent the entire volume without difficulty while the users do not feel cold and cause drafts To eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks.

Another object of the present invention is to propose an implementation of a resting space in which air is supplied from the entire area of the floor and discharged from the entire area of the ceiling, without the supply of air that generates draft or perceptible air flow noise.

The present invention thus provides a seating area, in particular a smoking room, of a type which comprises an air supply means and an air intake means and which comprises air replacement means consisting of holes distributed over the entire floor and ceiling of the seating area. It is characterized in that at least the bottom holes consist of at least two parts, a downstream part that opens to the rest space and an upstream part that opens to the other side of the floor and has a larger cross-sectional area than the downstream part.

The outlet region of the downstream portion will preferably be about one quarter of the region of the upstream portion.

The holes usually have a circular cross section and the diameter of the downstream portion will be on the order of 2 mm to 5 mm, preferably 3 mm. In addition, the diameter of the upstream portion will be 8 mm to 20 mm, preferably about 15 mm.

In a variant embodiment, the holes may consist of a downstream portion, an upstream portion and an intermediate portion. The diameter of the upstream portion will be on the order of 12 mm and the diameter of the middle part will be on the order of 8 mm. The downstream portion length will correspond to 5 mm to 8 mm, preferably 6 mm. The length of the upstream portion will correspond to 20 mm to 60 mm, preferably 40 mm. Finally, the length of the middle portion will correspond to 5 mm to 15 mm, preferably 10 mm.

According to the invention, the air supply means will be operated via the floor in the building and the air intake means will be operated via the ceiling in the building.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the seating space will comprise a raised floor and suspended ceiling through which the holes are drilled, the holes of the suspended ceiling being regularly distributed throughout, in particular with a distribution density of about 3000 / m 2, in particular Distributed in a quincunx arrangement.

The air is preferably introduced through the floor and discharged through the ceiling, and an upper buffer volume which the air intake means releases into it will preferably be provided between the ceiling and the suspended ceiling. In a similar manner, the lower buffer volume that the air supply means discharges therein will be provided between the floor and the ground.

The bottom air supply means and the air intake means may be composed of an integral double flow ventilation unit, optionally provided with a heat recovery device, and air conditioning means. The flow of air will be laminar.

The air supply means will preferably comprise temperature and relative humidity control means, which may include means for its own (remote) control, change and management.

In one advantageous embodiment of the invention, the resting area will constitute a modular system, which can be combined with other modules of the same type. Such modules have a structure comprising a floor and a floor, a ceiling and a suspended ceiling, side walls which may be made of glass and provided with at least one opening, and a wall defining a box containing all of the air treatment technology means. something to do. Air treatment technology means may of course be standalone.

The supply and intake of air is carried out through manifolds which are individually connected to the supply means and the intake means. In order to create a slightly reduced pressure in the resting space compared to the outside air, the flow rate of the suction means will preferably be greater than the flow rate of the supply means.

In addition, the base portion of the access door will be provided with a means suitable for producing a curtain on its front face which is formed by an air flow at a speed higher than the processing speed of the resting space. The means for creating such an air curtain consists of a slot, which is supplied at least across the width of the entry door and supplied by means configured to blow the air flow above upon its opening.

The present invention also provides a flow of pressurized air flow through the holes, which are regularly distributed over the entire area of the floor by connecting a plurality together, and the air flow is regularly distributed over the entire area of the ceiling. A modular box is intended to constitute a raised floor and / or a suspended ceiling of a seating space, which is to be discharged through the openings which are provided, the modular box being provided for the entire horizontal box and the horizontal main surface through which the holes are drilled. Side surfaces perforated with at least one through orifice, wherein air enters the resting space from the modular boxes forming the floor under pressure and exits the resting space via the modular boxes forming the ceiling. It is characterized by.

The modular box will preferably comprise means suitable for connecting with adjacent modular boxes.

Furthermore, the holes will consist of at least two parts, the downstream part emitting into the rest space and the upstream part of a larger cross section than the downstream part emitting into the modular box.

Finally, the modular box will be intended to construct the floor and / or ceiling of the rest area having all the features described above.

1 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view showing the principle of operation of the rest space of the present invention,
2 to 6 is a partial longitudinal cross-sectional view showing the air supply holes of the rest space of the present invention,
7 conceptually illustrates an air supply and treatment means;
8a and 8b are schematic views of a resting space of the present invention, formed separately, shown modularly from the top and front,
9 is a partial longitudinal cross-sectional view schematically showing a modified embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a box used to supply air to and / or to discharge air from the resting space of the present invention; FIG.
11-15 show modified arrangements of boxes,
16 is a cross-sectional view of a member for joining boxes together.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described by way of non-limiting example with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 shows a resting space here consisting of a smoking room 1 according to the invention, consisting of an architectural envelope in the form of walls 3, a ceiling 5 and a ground 7. In order to make a smoking room, a ceiling 9 is provided which is suspended at a distance below the ceiling 5 to form an upper buffer volume 11 which forms an air manifold between them (see below).

Likewise, a support slab 13 or bottom is provided at a predetermined distance above the ground 7 to provide a lower buffer volume 15 which also forms a manifold therebetween.

The suspended ceiling 9 and the floor 13 are drilled to have holes 16 distributed evenly over their entire area, in particular in a five-point arrangement. The distribution density of these holes is about 3000 / m 2. Of course, other arrangements or densities of holes can be adopted as a function of the flow parameters of the air flow (see below).

It will be remembered that the blower floors of known type consist of metal plates drilled into a fairly large number of holes over their entire area. Because of the short length of each of these holes, the air flow through these holes does not suffer from significant head loss, but the air flow through these holes has proven to have the effect of generating high levels of flow noise.

The present invention seeks to produce the floor 13 preferably from a solid material such as noble species of wood (hardwood), marble, glass and the like. The floor made of such material should obviously be relatively thick compared to prior art plates in order to be strong enough to perform its essential supporting function. This is the reason under these circumstances, especially when the holes have a small diameter, the holes cause high head loss. Due to the inherent purpose of the seating space of the invention, the holes must be of small diameter, in other words to have a diameter smaller than the shoe heel of the so-called stiletto heel type.

Therefore, the holes employed in the context of the present invention should be of small diameter and only generate small head losses and nevertheless must supply a high flow rate of air, without the air flow producing noise.

Providing another hole of larger diameter in the upstream portion of the hole to be discharged into the building to be treated is caused by problems associated with head loss and by air flow through the thin member (member between 5 mm and 6 mm thick). It has been proven to solve the problems associated with the noise at the same time.

In the first embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 2, the bottom 13 is made of solid wood, in particular oak, having a thickness e on the order of 30 mm. In addition, the downstream portion 16a of the hole 16 discharged to the smoking chamber 1 has a diameter d1 of approximately 2 mm to 5 mm, preferably 3 mm, and preferably of 6 mm to 6 mm. Has a length e1. Upstream of this downstream portion 16a is provided an upstream portion 16b having a diameter d2 corresponding to at least twice the diameter of the downstream portion 16a. The length of the upstream portion 16b extends over the remainder e2 of the thickness of the bottom 13.

As shown in FIG. 3, the bottom 13 is formed of two overlapping parts, i.e., a material whose thickness e2 corresponds to the thickness of the upstream part 16b and, for example, has good endothermic and sound absorption properties. The base portion 13a and, on the other hand, its thickness e1 which corresponds to the thickness of the downstream portion 16a and which is made of more luxurious material to give the bottom 13 an excellent appearance, It may be made of a surface layer 13b that can withstand scuffing and impact.

Furthermore, giving a larger diameter to the upstream portion 16b of the holes 16 will facilitate accurate relative positioning of the two bottom portions 13a, 13b.

In order to improve the air flow in the holes 16 by preventing turbulent flow that causes unwanted noise, as shown in FIG. 4, the third portion 16c of the middle diameter d3 is connected to the downstream portion 16a. By forming to be disposed immediately upstream, the upstream portion having the diameter d2 may be staggered.

As before and as shown in FIG. 5, each portion 16a, 16b, 16c of the hole may be made of a layer of different material, each having special characteristics. Thus, the lower layer constitutes a mechanical support and can be made, for example, of particleboard type wood, the middle layer can be made of a material having good endothermic and sound absorption properties, and the surface layer gives the floor 13 a good appearance. It is made of more luxurious materials and can withstand drag and shock.

As shown in FIG. 6, the downstream portion 16b disposed upstream of the downstream portion 16a may be made in a converging shape so as to have an effect of further reducing the disturbance of the noise-producing flow.

For reasons associated with their manufacture, the holes 16 typically consist of a circular cross section, but for some specific applications they may have different shapes, in particular quadrangles, equivalently.

As shown in FIG. 7, the lower buffer volume 15 is provided with a pressurized air supply duct 18, and the upper buffer volume 11 is provided with an intake duct 20.

Under these circumstances, it will be appreciated that the upwardly moving air flow will pass through the volume of the room, which has proved particularly effective at releasing smoke generated inside the room. The air flow rate will preferably be adjusted such that the flow in the smoking room is laminar.

In one embodiment of the invention, the air intake flow rate Q1 will be adjusted to a value greater than the feed flow rate Q2 to slightly lower the pressure in the room. This makes it possible to prevent the propagation of smoke generated inside the outside of the room, especially when the room is used as a smoking room.

The suction flow rate Q1 will be a flow rate that allows the air in the room to be replaced 20 to 50 times per hour, preferably approximately 30 times per hour. Therefore, for a room of 45 m 3, for example, the suction flow rate Q1 will be between 900 m 3 / h and 2200 m 3 / h, preferably about 1500 m 3 / h. The lower box will be supplied at a flow rate Q2 about 30% lower than the suction flow rate in order to slightly lower the pressure in the room. Thus, for example, when the suction flow rate is 1500 m 3 / h, the blowing flow rate into the box will preferably be about 1100 m 3 / h.

Under these circumstances, it has been proved that the air in the room is more pleasant for its occupants and they do not experience any unpleasantness from smells, noise, heat or drafts.

FIG. 7 shows an example of means for supplying / exhausting and conditioning air in the room 1. The air supply duct 18 is connected to the outlet 23 of the double flow ventilation unit 25 via a sound damper 22, and the air discharge duct 20 is double flow ventilation via the sound absorber 26. It is connected to the inlet 27 of the unit 25. The vent flow ventilation unit draws fresh air through its inlet duct 29.

A heat pump 31 is optionally arranged on the branch 33 at the outlet of the double flow venting unit 25 and used to heat or cool the air pulsating into the room 1 as needed. .

In a variant embodiment of the invention schematically illustrated in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the resting space is modular and movable, ie, forms a movable autonomous assembly in which all its elements are movable. This assembly thus comprises a floor 7 defining the air supply box 15 and a perforated bottom 13, a ceiling 5 defining the upper suction box 11 and a perforated suspended ceiling 9, and glass. It consists of a structure formed by walls 3 '. The far end of the room 1 is closed by a partition 35 defining a rear volume, which constitutes a technical building 37 containing air supply / exhaust and conditioning means. The front side will advantageously consist of glass walls 3 'provided with the entrance door 34. Such a room may be permanently or temporarily placed wherever the power supply means is available.

The various modules may be combined with each other to form the entire volume, the area of which is adjustable as a function of the requirements of the users.

The air supply and control means 25 of the rest spaces of the present invention remotely control, modify or manage them in a certain manner as a function of centralized monitoring of the rest spaces suitable for a large number of users and the needs of each of them. It may be provided with a remote control module, for intervention to do so.

In another modified embodiment of the invention, orifices that provide access to the outside, such as the door 34 and any actuated hatches, are particularly sensitive to smoke from the room when the seating area is used as a smoking room as indicated above. In order to prevent contamination of the surrounding volume by means of, it may be provided with an air curtain for the purpose of preventing the leakage of smoke from the inside into the outside atmosphere.

Where the access door 34 of the room is involved, for example and as shown in FIG. 9, a slot 39 is provided on the floor 13 in the building and across the entire width of the door 34. When the door 34 is opened, such an air curtain is obtained by allowing a pulsating upward air flow to be produced through the slot at a higher speed than the air flow inside the building.

For this purpose, as shown in FIG. 9, for example, by means of pressing means 43 which are activated by the detection of a feeler 45 connected to the door as soon as the door is opened and deactivated when the door is closed. Supplied, the box 41 may be manufactured to surround the slot 39. A mini box may also be manufactured, in which air is always maintained at an increased pressure and provided with an opening control means that acts as soon as the door is opened or always.

In an advantageous variant of the invention, the floor and / or ceiling of the room may consist of modular elements arranged and assembled side by side adjacently.

These modules can advantageously be formed into boxes, the interior volume of which individually forms the ceiling and floor air distribution buffer volumes. As shown in FIG. 10, each box 50 consists of a square major horizontal surface 52 and side surfaces 54 in this example. These boxes are assembled adjacently, as shown in FIG. In other words, the boxes are connected to each other via their side surfaces 54 to fill the entire area and the overall shape of the room or room module, so as to form the floor or ceiling of the room or room module.

Therefore, square modular boxes 50 can be used, the layout of which reflects the layout of the building. Thus, the boxes may be arranged in the longitudinal direction, as shown in FIG. 11, or may be arranged in an L-shape or a T-shape, as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13. In order to facilitate matching the shape and dimensions of the building with the corresponding dimensions of the boxes 50, some of the boxes, ie the boxes 50a of FIG. 14, are smaller in size, for example the size of the box 50. It can be made up of half.

Of course, different shapes, for example, as shown in FIG. 15, may be used, rectangular or triangular modular boxes, in which the box 50c is in the shape of an equilateral triangle or half 50d of an equilateral triangle. This arrangement makes it possible to fill the shape and area of the building in which the rest area, in particular the smoking room, should be formed, leaving the resulting aesthetic effect.

According to the invention, the side surfaces 54 of the boxes 50 are drilled with an opening 56 for the purpose of allowing free air circulation from the air inlet or inlets inside the box. These openings 56 are arranged to face each other when the side surfaces 54 of two adjacent boxes are assembled together.

The modular boxes 50 are advantageously provided with fastening means, which join the boxes together and make them airtight. Thus, screws may be used, or as shown in FIG. 16, for this purpose, clips 55 may be used, for example arranged in recessed housings provided on the side surfaces 54. . These clips 55 consist of two complementary elements, for example arranged in the area of the opposing side surfaces 54 when the modular boxes 50 are in place. One of the complementary elements of these clips is in another complementary element to prevent one complementary element from being removed when one complementary element is pressed onto the other complementary element during fitting. It may include a deformable tongue 61 that is positioned.

Obviously, any other fastening element may be used, which may allow the various modular boxes 50 to be joined together.

Moreover, the major surfaces 52 of the modular boxes 50 will be drilled with holes 16 for introducing a blowing flow into the building. Of course, these holes will be of the same type, as in the embodiment for the floor without the box described above.

The major surface 52 may be covered with a plate 60 made of a material that is more luxurious and / or stronger than the material used to construct the walking surface or, in contrast, the box 50.

Claims (30)

A type comprising air replacement means 25, which is provided with supply means 18 and suction means 20 and consists of holes 16 distributed over the entire floor 13 and the ceiling 9 of the rest area. In rest areas, especially in smoking rooms,
At least the holes 16 of the bottom 13 are at least two parts, the downstream part 16a which opens to the rest space and the upstream part 16b which opens to the other side of the bottom 13 and has a larger cross-sectional area than the downstream part. A seating area, consisting of). The method of claim 1,
Rest area of the downstream portion (16a) is about 1/4 of the area of the upstream portion (16b). 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
The holes have a circular cross section and the diameter d1 of the downstream portion 16a is between 2 mm and 5 mm, preferably about 3 mm. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
Rest space, wherein the diameter d2 of the upstream portion 16b is between 8 mm and 20 mm, preferably about 15 mm. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The hole (16) consists of a downstream portion (16a), an upstream portion (16b) and an intermediate portion (16c). 6. The method of claim 5,
A rest space, wherein the upstream portion has a diameter of about 12 mm and the middle portion has a diameter of about 8 mm. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
Rest space of the downstream portion (16a) is 5 mm to 8 mm, preferably 6 mm. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
Rest space of the upstream portion (16b) is between 20 mm and 60 mm, preferably 40 mm. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 8,
Resting space, the length e2 of the intermediate portion 16c is between 5 mm and 15 mm, preferably 10 mm. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
Resting space, said supply means being operated via a floor (7, 7a) in the building and said suction means being operated via a ceiling (5, 5a) in the building. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10,
A resting space comprising a raised floor (7b) and a suspended ceiling (5a) through which the holes (16) are drilled, the holes of the suspended ceiling being regularly distributed throughout. 12. The method of claim 11,
The holes (16) are arranged in a five point arrangement. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12,
Resting space, the distribution density of the holes (16) is about 3000 / ㎡. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13,
A resting space, in which air is introduced via the bottom 13 and discharged via the ceiling 9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 14,
A resting space, wherein an upper buffer volume (11) is discharged therein by the suction means (20), provided between the ceiling (9) and the suspended ceiling (5). The method according to any one of claims 1 to 15,
A resting space, provided between the bottom (13) and the ground (7), with a lower buffer volume (15) which the supply means (18) discharges therein. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 16,
Resting space, wherein the air supply and suction means of the floor (13) consists of an integral double flow ventilation unit (25) and an air conditioning means, optionally provided with a heat recovery device. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 17,
Resting space, where the air flow is laminar. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 18,
Said air supply means (25) comprise temperature and relative humidity control means (31). The method according to any one of claims 1 to 19,
The temperature and relative humidity control means (31) comprise means for its own (remote) control, change and management. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 20,
Rest area consisting of a modular system that can be combined with other modules of the same type. The method of claim 21,
Each module comprises a floor 7 and a floor 13, a ceiling 5 and a suspended ceiling 9, side walls 3 made of glass and provided with at least one opening 34, and air A resting space having a structure comprising a wall 35 defining a box 37 containing all of the processing technology means. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 22,
Resting space, wherein the supply and intake of air is carried out via a manifold (15, 11) which is individually connected to the supply means (18) and the suction means (20). The method according to any one of claims 1 to 23,
Resting space, wherein the flow rate Q2 of the suction means is greater than the flow rate Q1 of the supply means, in order to create a slightly reduced pressure in the rest space compared to the outside air. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 24,
The base part of the entrance door (34) is provided with means (39, 43) suitable for producing a curtain on its front face which is formed by an air flow at a speed higher than the processing speed of the rest area. The method of claim 25,
The means for forming the air curtain consists of a slot 39, which is supplied by means 43 which extends at least across the width of the entry door 34 and is configured to blow the air flow upon its opening. , Relaxation area. By connecting a plurality together, the air flow under pressure is introduced into the interior via the holes 16 regularly distributed over the entire area of the floor, and the air streams are regularly distributed over the entire area of the ceiling. In a modular box (50), which is intended to constitute a raised floor and / or a suspended ceiling of a resting space, which is to be discharged through (16),
The holes 16 comprise horizontal major surfaces 52 which are drilled and side surfaces 54 which are drilled to have at least one through orifice 56 for the entire modular boxes 50, the air being pressurized Modular box, which enters into the resting space from the modular boxes 50 forming the bottom 13 and exits from the resting space via the modular boxes forming the ceiling 9. The method of claim 27,
A modular box comprising means (55) for connecting to an adjacent modular box (50). The method of claim 28,
The holes 16 consist of at least two parts, a downstream part 16a which discharges into the rest space, and an upstream part 16b that discharges into the modular box and has a larger cross-sectional area than the downstream part, Modular box. Modular box for constructing the floor (13) and / or ceiling (9) of a resting space as claimed in any of the preceding claims.

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