KR20110075561A - 탄소니켈복합 에어로젤의 제조방법 및 이를 이용한 수퍼커패시터 전극의 제조방법 - Google Patents
탄소니켈복합 에어로젤의 제조방법 및 이를 이용한 수퍼커패시터 전극의 제조방법 Download PDFInfo
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- KR20110075561A KR20110075561A KR1020090132041A KR20090132041A KR20110075561A KR 20110075561 A KR20110075561 A KR 20110075561A KR 1020090132041 A KR1020090132041 A KR 1020090132041A KR 20090132041 A KR20090132041 A KR 20090132041A KR 20110075561 A KR20110075561 A KR 20110075561A
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- Prior art keywords
- carbon
- airgel
- nickel
- nickel composite
- resorcinol
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- VMWYVTOHEQQZHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidynenickel Chemical compound [Ni]#[C] VMWYVTOHEQQZHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 270
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- UEGPKNKPLBYCNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium acetate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O UEGPKNKPLBYCNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000011654 magnesium acetate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229940069446 magnesium acetate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 235000011285 magnesium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940078487 nickel acetate tetrahydrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- OINIXPNQKAZCRL-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(2+);diacetate;tetrahydrate Chemical group O.O.O.O.[Ni+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O OINIXPNQKAZCRL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004966 Carbon aerogel Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000352 supercritical drying Methods 0.000 description 25
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 15
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005033 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000001069 Raman spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000004832 voltammetry Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002484 cyclic voltammetry Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- DGXAGETVRDOQFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dihydroxybenzaldehyde Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1C=O DGXAGETVRDOQFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010668 complexation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004566 IR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 phenol-furfural Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZXSBYAWLZRAJJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dihydroxybenzaldehyde phenol Chemical compound C1(O)=C(C(O)=CC=C1)C=O.OC1=CC=CC=C1 ZXSBYAWLZRAJJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003917 TEM image Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004769 chrono-potentiometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000840 electrochemical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000445 field-emission scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- IVJISJACKSSFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound O=C.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 IVJISJACKSSFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013335 mesoporous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002159 nanocrystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZZPKZRHERLGEKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol monoacetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 ZZPKZRHERLGEKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002336 sorption--desorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011240 wet gel Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/306—Active carbon with molecular sieve properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/354—After-treatment
- C01B32/372—Coating; Grafting; Microencapsulation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/26—Electrodes characterised by their structure, e.g. multi-layered, porosity or surface features
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H01G11/32—Carbon-based
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/84—Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof
- H01G11/86—Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof specially adapted for electrodes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/54—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using solvents, e.g. supercritical solvents or ionic liquids
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
CA50/Ni | CA100/Ni | CA200/Ni | CA500/Ni | ||
BET (m2/g) | 513 | 508 | 361 | 352 | |
기공 부피 (cc/g) |
V meso | 0.489 | 0.398 | 0.308 | 0.06 |
V micro | 0.176 | 0.171 | 0.122 | 0.146 | |
V macro | 1.865 | 2.301 | 1.764 | 1.992 | |
기공 크기(Å) | 284.7 | 291.6 | 283.6 | 41.34 | |
밀도(g/cc) | 0.298 | 0.310 | 0.320 | 0.320 |
EDX | CA/Ni | 순환전압전류 측정 후(After cyclic voltammetry measurement) | ||||||
샘플 | CA50/Ni | CA100/Ni | CA200/Ni | CA500/Ni | CA50Ni/CV | CA100Ni/CV | CA200Ni/CV | CA500Ni/ CV |
C | 94.52 % | 83.13 % | 85.6 % | 43.56 % | 82.11 % | 70.28 % | 76.32 % | 60.71 % |
Ni | 2.85 % | 7.46 % | 7.54 % | 33.77 % | 4.53 % | 9.29 % | 17.19 % | 35. 91 % |
O | 2.63 % | 9.41 % | 6.86 % | 22.67 % | 8.93 % | 9.26 % | 6.31 % | 2.62 % |
S | 0 % | 0 % | 0 % | 0 % | 4.43 % | 11.17 % | 0.18 % | 0.76 % |
CA50/Ni | CA100/Ni | CA200/Ni | CA500/Ni | ||
커패시턴스 | (F/g) | 136.4 | 99.4 | 76.8 | 38.5 |
(F/cc) | 58.2 | 38.2 | 30.3 | 19.0 | |
에너지밀도(Wh/kg) | 19.0 | 13.8 | 10.7 | 4.3 | |
전력밀도(W/kg) | 142.2 | 162.0 | 165.3 | 89.4 | |
ESR |
10kHz | 0.1534 | 0.1565 | 0.1455 | 0.1582 |
1kHz | 0.2532 | 0.2640 | 0.2915 | 0.2947 |
CA50/Ni | CA100/Ni | CA200/Ni | CA500/Ni | ||
커패시턴스 |
(F/g) | 29.0 | 25.1 | 15.0 | 7.5 |
(F/cc) | 11.5 | 10.0 | 6.4 | 3.9 | |
에너지밀도(Wh/kg) | 4.0 | 3.4 | 1.6 | 1.0 | |
전력밀도(W/kg) | 79.0 | 78.2 | 46.8 | 47.6 | |
ESR |
10 kHz | 0.0776 | 0.0857 | 0.1115 | 0.1272 |
1 kHz | 0.1896 | 0.1826 | 0.2613 | 0.3684 |
Claims (9)
- 포름알데히드와 레소시놀의 혼합 용액에 마그네슘 아세테이트를 첨가하여 교반하는 단계;25∼90℃의 온도에서 상기 마그네슘 아세테이트에 의해 상기 포름알데히드와 레소시놀이 가수분해 축합 반응되어 체인을 형성하고, 상기 체인과 체인이 결합되어 클러스터를 형성하며, 상기 클러스터와 클러스터가 결합되어 네트워크를 이루는 젤화된 조성물이 합성되는 단계;상기 젤화된 조성물을 아세톤 또는 메탄올로 용매 치환하는 단계;용매 치환된 조성물을 에이징 시켜 젤 내부의 망목구조를 강화시키는 단계;에이징된 조성물에 함유된 용매를 액상의 이산화탄소로 용매치환하는 단계;이산화탄소를 초임계 상태로 만들어 이산화탄소로 용매치환된 조성물을 건조하여 RF 에어로젤을 형성하는 단계;상기 RF 에어로젤에 대하여 탄화 공정을 실시하여 탄소 에어로젤을 합성하는 단계; 및상기 탄소 에어로젤을 니켈 전구체를 포함하는 니켈 솔루션에 담지하여 탄소니켈복합 에어로젤을 합성하는 단계를 포함하는 탄소니켈복합 에어로젤의 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 탄소니켈복합 에어로젤을 합성하는 단계는,상기 탄소 에어로젤을 상기 니켈 솔루션이 담긴 반응 용기 내에 담지하는 단계;상기 니켈 솔루션에 담지된 상기 탄소 에어로젤을 60∼120℃의 온도에서 제1 열처리하여 상기 탄소 에어로젤의 기공에 니켈을 형성하는 단계; 및환원 가스, 비활성 가스 또는 환원 가스와 비활성 가스 분위기에서 600∼1000℃의 온도 범위로 제2 열처리하는 단계를 포함하는 탄소니켈복합 에어로젤의 제조방법.
- 제2항에 있어서, 상기 니켈 전구체는 니켈아세테이트테트라하이드레이트이고, 상기 니켈 솔루션은 상기 니켈 전구체, 이소프로필알코올 및 디메틸아민을 포함하는 용액이며, 상기 니켈 전구체는 상기 니켈 솔루션에 0.1∼1 몰농도 함유되고, 상기 디메틸아민은 상기 니켈 솔루션에 0.1∼4몰 함유되며, 상기 이소프로필알코올은 상기 니켈 솔루션에 8∼20몰 함유되는 것을 특징으로 하는 탄소니켈복합 에어로젤의 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 포름알데히드와 상기 레소시놀의 혼합 용액은 상기 포름알데히드와 상기 레소시놀을 증류수에 1∼10 M의 농도가 되도록 혼합한 용액이 고, 상기 포름알데히드와 상기 레소시놀의 혼합 용액에 상기 마그네슘 아세테이트를 상기 레소시놀의 함량 대비 50∼500 몰비가 되도록 첨가하는 것을 특징으로 하는 탄소니켈복합 에어로젤의 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 포름알데히드와 상기 레소시놀의 혼합 용액은 상기 포름알데히드와 상기 레소시놀이 몰비로 1:1 내지 4:1의 비율로 혼합된 용액인 것을 특징으로 하는 탄소니켈복합 에어로젤의 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 에이징은,젤화된 조성물을 아세톤에 담지하여 25∼90℃의 온도 범위에서 실링한 용기 내에서 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 탄소니켈복합 에어로젤의 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 건조는,이산화탄소가 초임계 상태로 되는 31℃의 온도 및 73 bar의 압력과 같거나 높은 온도 및 압력으로 일정 시간 동안 유지하여 건조하는 것을 특징으로 하는 탄소니켈복합 에어로젤의 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 탄화 공정은 환원 가스, 비활성 가스 또는 환원 가스와 비활성 가스 분위기에서 600∼1000℃의 온도 범위에서 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 탄소니켈복합 에어로젤의 제조방법.
- 제1항에 기재된 방법으로 제조된 상기 탄소니켈복합 에어로젤을 분말로 분쇄하는 단계;분말로 분쇄된 탄소니켈복합 에어로젤 90∼98중량%, 전도성 바인더 1∼5중량%, 아세틸렌블랙 1∼5중량%를 용매에 혼합하여 페이스트를 형성하는 단계; 및상기 페이스트를 티타늄, 니켈, 알루미늄 호일, 플레이트 또는 메쉬에 50∼200㎛ 두께로 도포하여 전극을 형성하는 단계를 포함하는 수퍼커패시터 전극의 제조방법.
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