KR20110016609A - System and method for manufacturing biocrude-oil - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A system and a method for manufacturing biocrude-oil are provided to be simply configured by connecting a bubble fluidized bed combustor to a circulating fluidized bed reactor. CONSTITUTION: A system for manufacturing biocrude-oil comprises a bubbling fluidized bed combustor(110), a circulating fluidized bed reactor(120), a cyclone tool(130), a condenser(140), a crude oil storage(150) and an oil spraying unit(160). The bubble fluidized bed combustor combusts char non-condensation combusting gas and heats sands. The circulating fluidized bed reactor combusts bio mass or polymer. The cyclone tool collects the char and sands included in the combusting bas by receiving the combusting gas of the biomass.

Description

Bio crude oil manufacturing system and method {SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING BIOCRUDE-OIL}

The present invention relates to a bio-crude manufacturing system and method, and more particularly, to a bio-crude manufacturing system and method capable of effectively producing bio-crude from biomass using a rapid pyrolysis method.

In general, fossil fuels are known to cause environmental pollution and have limited reserves. Therefore, many countries are making great efforts to develop renewable energy that can replace fossil fuels.

Renewable energy can be classified into new energy such as hydrogen, fuel cells, coal gasification and renewable energy such as solar energy, wind power, hydropower, waste, ocean, biomass and geothermal. Recently, technologies for producing biocrude-oil using various kinds of biomass have been actively progressed.

Bio-crude is a liquid fuel similar to heavy oil produced by methods such as rapid pyrolysis or high temperature and high pressure hydrolysis of biomass. In particular, the rapid pyrolysis method is a pyrolysis technique that can increase the yield of bio-crude most. However, rapid pyrolysis is a technique that requires accuracy to keep the reaction time very short, and the reaction temperature range is relatively narrow.

Specifically, the method for producing bio-crude using rapid pyrolysis requires a high heat transfer rate in the reaction interface in order to increase the yield of bio-crude, so that the size of the material must be reduced and the reaction temperature is 500? It must be precisely controlled in accuracy. In addition, the time for which the product is in the vapor state is controlled to be within about 2 seconds, and the steam must be cooled in a short time. In addition, since char acts as a catalyst to decompose the product in the vapor state, it is necessary to separate and remove it quickly.

However, rapid pyrolysis technology that can satisfy all of the above conditions is still insufficient. Therefore, the development of technology for a rapid pyrolysis type bio-crude production system and method capable of producing bio-crude in high yield is very urgent.

Embodiment of the present invention is a bio-crude manufacturing system and method that can produce bio-crude in high yield by using a spray type condenser injecting condensed oil into the pyrolysis gas to rapidly pyrolyze biomass, polymer compounds, or mixtures thereof To provide.

In addition, the embodiment of the present invention by forming a structure in which the bubbling fluidized bed combustor (BFBC) and the circulating fluidized bed reactor (CFBR) directly connected, it is possible to simply configure the bio-crude manufacturing system In addition, the present invention provides a bio-crude manufacturing system and method for easily manufacturing a bio-crude manufacturing system.

In addition, an embodiment of the present invention provides a bio-crude manufacturing system and method that can be used as process energy by burning the heat generated during the production of bio-crude and non-condensable pyrolysis gas.

In addition, an embodiment of the present invention provides a bio-crude manufacturing system and method capable of removing harmful substances contained in the non-condensable pyrolysis gas generated during the manufacturing process of bio-crude.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a bubble fluidized bed combustor for burning mud and non-condensable pyrolysis gas and heating sand, using a high temperature sand and combustion gas provided in the bubble fluidized bed combustor and coupled to the top of the bubble fluidized bed combustor A circulating fluidized bed reactor for rapidly pyrolyzing at least one of a biomass or a polymer compound supplied from the outside, a cyclone mechanism for receiving pyrolysis gas of the biomass, and recovering sand and sand contained in the pyrolysis gas, and the cyclone mechanism It provides a bio-crude manufacturing system including a condenser for condensing bio-crude from pyrolysis gas from steam and sand.

That is, since the bubble fluidized bed combustor and the circulating fluidized bed reactor are directly connected in the vertical direction, the bio-crude manufacturing system may be formed in a simple configuration, and the bio-crude manufacturing system may be easily manufactured. In addition, since combustion gas and sand in the bubble fluidized bed combustor can be easily introduced into the circulating fluidized bed reactor, the efficiency of the bio-crude manufacturing system can be improved.

A recovery passage may be formed between the bubble fluidized bed combustor and the cyclone mechanism to supply sand and sand recovered from the cyclone mechanism to the bubble fluidized bed combustor. Therefore, since the fuel is combusted in the bubble fluidized bed combustor, the energy generated when the fuel is combusted may be used as process energy of the bio-crude manufacturing system. In addition, since the sand is regenerated in the bubble fluidized bed combustor, the sand can be reused in the circulating fluidized bed reactor.

The condenser may be provided with a gas discharge passage for discharging the pyrolysis gas that has not been condensed to the outside. A gas supply passage may be formed between the bubble fluidized bed combustor and the gas discharge passage to supply the pyrolysis gas in the gas discharge passage to the bubble fluidized bed combustor. The connection portion between the gas supply passage and the gas discharge passage may be provided with an on / off valve for selectively opening and closing the gas supply passage and the gas discharge passage.

That is, the pyrolysis gas not condensed in the condenser may flow through any one of the gas discharge passage and the gas supply passage according to the operation of the on / off valve. When the non-condensed pyrolysis gas flows through the gas discharge passage, it may be discharged to the outside of the bio-crude manufacturing system. When the non-condensed pyrolysis gas flows through the gas supply passage, it may be supplied into the bubble fluidized bed combustor. Therefore, since the pyrolysis gas that is not condensed in the condenser can be burned in the bubble fluidized bed combustor, energy generated during combustion of the non-condensed pyrolysis gas can be used as process energy of the bio-crude manufacturing system.

The bio-crude manufacturing system may further include an auxiliary condenser provided on the gas discharge passage and recondensing the non-condensable pyrolysis gas discharged from the condenser under different conditions from the condenser. For example, the auxiliary condenser may recondense the uncondensed pyrolysis gas in an environment different from the condenser, or may recondense the non-condensable pyrolysis gas into a condensation structure different from the condenser. Thus, the auxiliary condenser may further recondensate bio-crude not condensed in the condenser, thereby further improving the yield of the bio-crude manufacturing system.

In addition, the bio-crude manufacturing system may further include an electrostatic precipitator provided on the gas discharge passage for collecting the non-condensable pyrolysis gas discharged from the condenser. That is, the electrostatic precipitator may collect the bio-crude in the liquid droplet state contained in the non-condensable pyrolysis gas, thereby further improving the yield of the bio-crude manufacturing system.

In addition, the bio-crude manufacturing system may further include a post-treatment mechanism provided on the gas discharge passage to remove harmful substances contained in the non-condensable pyrolysis gas. That is, since the aftertreatment mechanism removes harmful substances in the non-condensable pyrolysis gas, the phenomenon that the harmful substances are discharged into the atmosphere or transferred from the bubble fluidized bed combustor to the inside of the circulating fluidized bed reactor can be prevented.

The condenser may condense bio-crude oil from the pyrolysis gas by spraying condensed oil in a liquid state on the pyrolysis gas introduced from the cyclone mechanism. That is, the bio-crude may be condensed in such a manner that the pyrolysis gas is in direct contact with the condensed oil injected in the condenser. Therefore, the condensation performance of the bio-crude may be improved than the condenser indirectly contacting the pyrolysis gas, thereby increasing the yield of the bio-crude.

The condensed oil may be an oil different in specific gravity from the bio crude oil or the bio crude oil.

If the condensed oil is the bio-crude, the bio-crude manufacturing system is connected to the lower part of the condenser, and the crude oil reservoir for storing the bio-crude condensed in the condenser and the bio-crude injected from the condenser, and the The crude oil reservoir may further include an oil sprayer connected to the condenser and re-injecting the bio-crude stored in the crude oil reservoir into the condenser. That is, if the condensed oil is the bio-crude, it is not necessary to prepare an expensive oil separately, the cost can be reduced, and the condensation system of the bio-crude manufacturing system can be formed in a very simple structure.

On the other hand, if the condensed oil is an oil having a specific gravity different from that of the bio-crude, the bio-crude manufacturing system is connected to the lower part of the condenser and separates the bio-crude condensed in the condenser from the oil and stores the bio-crude. The crude oil reservoir may further include an oil sprayer connected to the crude oil reservoir and the condenser and re-injecting the oil from which the bio-crude is separated into the condenser.

Here, the crude oil storage unit is connected to the lower portion of the condenser and separating the bio-crude and the oil introduced from the condenser by using the difference in specific gravity of the bio-crude and the oil, and connected to the separation unit And a storage unit for storing the bio-crude separated from the oil. That is, the bio-crude may be separated from the oil in the separation unit. Only the bio-crude in the separator may be introduced into the storage unit and stored separately from the oil. Therefore, the oil may not be mixed with the bio-crude and chemically reacted, and may have a large specific gravity difference from the bio-crude to facilitate separation from the bio-crude. For example, paraffin oil may be used as the oil.

When the bio-crude is used as the condensed oil, the crude oil reservoir performs only the storage function of the bio-crude oil, but when the oil is used as the condensed oil, the crude oil-reservoir stores the bio-crude oil as well as the storage function of the bio-crude oil. The oil separation function can be performed. In addition, the oil injector may perform a function of receiving the condensed oil recovered to the crude oil reservoir and re-injecting the condenser. Thus, since the condensed oil is semi-permanently reused while being circulated along the condenser, the crude oil reservoir, and the oil sprayer, maintenance costs for replenishment and replacement of the condensed oil may be reduced.

The oil injector is connected to the crude oil reservoir, the pump unit for pumping the condensed oil in the crude oil reservoir, the pump unit and the condenser connected to the condenser and pumped by the pump unit to guide the condensed oil into the condenser An oil supply passage and an end portion of the oil supply passage may be provided and an injection unit for injecting the condensed oil into the condenser. Therefore, the condensed oil in the crude oil reservoir may be injected into the condenser through the injection unit after flowing through the oil supply passage by the pump unit.

The injection unit may be formed of at least one nozzle disposed above the condenser to inject the oil from the upper portion of the condenser toward the lower portion. The nozzle may be formed in the shape of a shower. In addition, a plurality of nozzles may be disposed on an upper surface or a side surface of the condenser.

In the condenser, a plurality of diaphragms may be staggered with each other in an up and down direction to increase a reaction time between the oil injected from the injection unit and the pyrolysis gas. For example, the diaphragms may be arranged to be spaced apart vertically in the condenser so that the oil can flow down stepwise. In addition, the partitions may be formed to be inclined.

According to another aspect of the present invention, in the bubble fluidized bed combustor, a combustion step of burning char and non-condensable pyrolysis gas and heating sand is supplied to the inside of the circulating fluidized bed reactor using the combustion gas and the high temperature sand provided in the combustion step. A rapid pyrolysis step of rapidly pyrolyzing at least one of the prepared biomass or polymer compound, a cyclone step for recovering sand and sand from the pyrolysis gas generated in the rapid pyrolysis step, and the sand and sand in the cyclone step It provides a bio-crude manufacturing method comprising a condensation step of condensing the bio-crude from the pyrolysis gas by injecting condensed oil to the removed pyrolysis gas.

When the condensed oil is bio-crude, the bio-crude manufacturing method may include storing the bio-crude condensed in the condensation step and the bio-crude injected in the condensation step, and storing the bio-crude stored in the storage step. It may further include a reuse step of reuse in the condensation step. That is, in the storing step, the bio-crude condensed from the bio-crude and the bio-crude injected into the pyrolysis gas may be stored together. In the reuse step, the bio-crude stored in the storage step may be injected into the condenser.

On the other hand, when the condensed oil is an oil having a specific gravity different from that of the bio-crude, a separation step of separating the bio-crude and the oil using a difference in specific gravity of the bio-crude and the oil condensed in the condensation step, the separation step A storage step of storing the bio-crude separated in the, and may further include a reuse step of reusing the oil separated in the separation step in the condensation step. The bio-crude and the oil may be separated by using a difference in specific gravity of the bio-crude and the oil, and the oil may be reused in the condensation step. Therefore, the condensation performance of the bio-crude may be improved, and the yield of the bio-crude may be increased, and replenishment and replacement of the oil may be reduced due to reuse of the oil.

In the combustion step, the condensed sand and sand recovered in the cyclone step and the non-condensable pyrolysis gas not condensed in the condensation step may be received and combusted. That is, the fin and the non-condensable pyrolysis gas may be burned in the bubble fluidized bed combustor and used as process energy of the bio-crude manufacturing system, and the sand may be regenerated in the bubble fluidized bed combustor and reused in the bio-crude manufacturing process. have.

The bio-crude manufacturing method may further include a post-treatment step of removing the harmful substances contained in the non-condensable pyrolysis gas by post-treating the non-condensable pyrolysis gas not condensed in the condensation step. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the harmful substances in the non-condensable pyrolysis gas from being discharged into the atmosphere or to prevent the harmful substances from entering the pyrolysis gas generated in the circulating fluidized bed reactor.

Bio-crude manufacturing system and method according to an embodiment of the present invention, because the structure of the circulating fluidized bed reactor directly connected to the upper of the bubble fluidized bed combustor, it is possible to simplify the structure of the bio-crude manufacturing system, it is easy to manufacture a bio-crude manufacturing system Can be. In addition, during the production of bio-crude, the combustion process and the rapid pyrolysis process can be simultaneously performed, thereby shortening the bio-crude manufacturing process.

In addition, the bio-crude manufacturing system and method according to an embodiment of the present invention condenses the bio-crude in a manner of directly contacting the condensed oil to the pyrolysis gas in the condenser, thereby improving the condensation performance of the bio-crude, The yield of crude oil can be greatly increased.

In addition, the bio-crude production system and method according to an embodiment of the present invention, since the non-condensable pyrolysis gas recovered from the cyclone mechanism and the condenser are supplied into the bubble fluidized bed combustor, the bubble fluidized bed combustor is non-condensable The pyrolysis gas can be burned and used as process energy. In other words, the non-condensable pyrolysis gas can be used as a heat source of the bubble fluidized bed combustor, thereby saving energy of the bio-crude manufacturing system and further increasing the efficiency of the bio-crude manufacturing system.

In addition, the bio-crude manufacturing system and method according to an embodiment of the present invention, since the sand recovered from the cyclone mechanism is supplied into the bubble fluidized bed combustor, it is possible to reuse the sand contained in the pyrolysis gas, and the long-term use of the sand It may be possible.

In addition, the bio-crude manufacturing system and method according to an embodiment of the present invention, because the configuration and process for rapid thermal decomposition of the biomass and condensing the bio-crude is simple, not only easy to manufacture and operation, but also reduce the production cost and operating cost You can.

In addition, the bio-crude manufacturing system and method according to an embodiment of the present invention, since the oil used for condensation of the bio-crude is separated from the bio-crude by the difference in specific gravity and then sprayed back to the condenser, the oil can be reused repeatedly This can reduce the effort and cost of oil replacement and replenishment.

In addition, the bio-crude production system and method according to an embodiment of the present invention can remove harmful substances in the non-condensing pyrolysis gas in the condenser using a post-treatment mechanism.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited or limited by the embodiments. Like reference numerals in the drawings denote like elements.

1 is a schematic view showing a bio-crude manufacturing system according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a view showing an example of the condenser and oil sprayer shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a view showing another example of the condenser and oil sprayer shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a condenser shown in FIG. And another example of an oil injector.

Referring to FIG. 1, a bio-crude manufacturing system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is an apparatus for producing bio-crude from biomass, a high molecular compound, or a mixture thereof using rapid pyrolysis technology. Generally, biomass may include woody plants, vegetation, farm plants, organic sludge, livestock manure, food waste, and the like. In addition, the polymer compound may include waste plastic and vinyl. Hereinafter, the present embodiment will be described as producing bio-crude from woody biomass for convenience of description, but is not limited thereto.

The bio-crude manufacturing system 100 may include a bubble fluidized bed combustor 110, a circulating fluidized bed reactor 120, a cyclone mechanism 130, a condenser 140, a crude oil reservoir 150, and an oil sprayer 160. Can be.

The bubble fluidized bed combustor 110 is a device for heating the biomass in the circulating fluidized bed reactor 120 by providing heat to the inside of the circulating fluidized bed reactor (120). However, the combustor used in the bio-crude manufacturing system 100 is not limited to the bubble fluidized bed combustor 110, and an electric heater, a gas burner, a furnace, or the like may be used as necessary.

In addition, the bubble fluidized bed combustor may be combusted by receiving the below-mentioned kPa, non-condensable pyrolysis gas, sand, air, and the like. One side of the bubble fluidized bed combustor 110 may be provided with an air supply unit 112 for supplying external air, and the other side of the bubble fluidized bed combustor 110 may be provided with a sand supply unit for automatically supplying sand if necessary. Hereinafter, in this embodiment, the air supply 112 is connected to the lower portion of the bubble fluidized bed combustor 110, the sand supply will be described as omitted. Air supply unit 112 may be composed of a conventional blower.

The circulating fluidized bed reactor 120 is a device for rapidly pyrolyzing biomass by using combustion gas and high temperature sand delivered from the bubble fluidized bed combustor 110. When the biomass is rapidly pyrolyzed as described above, pyrolysis gas G containing bio crude oil B may be generated from the biomass. A gas outlet 122 through which pyrolysis gas G is discharged may be formed at an upper portion of the circulating fluidized bed reactor 120, and combustion gas and sand in the bubble fluidized bed combustor 110 are transferred to a lower portion of the circulating fluidized bed reactor 120. Inlet 124 may be formed to be connected to the bubble fluidized bed combustor 110.

In addition, a biomass supply unit 126 for supplying biomass to the inner space of the circulating fluidized bed reactor 120 may be disposed below the circulating fluidized bed reactor 120. The biomass supply unit 126 may include a conventional conveyor mechanism to continuously input the biomass into the circulation fluidized bed reactor 120 by a predetermined amount. The conveyor mechanism may be comprised of at least one of a screw conveyor, a belt conveyor, a bucket conveyor, or a chain conveyor. For example, when the screw conveyor is provided in the biomass supply unit 126, the screw conveyor may be arranged in two or more stages in order to secure the input efficiency of the biomass.

The cyclone mechanism 130 is a device for removing foreign matter in the pyrolysis gas (G) discharged through the gas outlet 122 of the circulating fluidized bed reactor 120 using a cyclone phenomenon. The foreign matters removed by the cyclone mechanism 130 are representative of 촤 (C) generated during rapid thermal decomposition of the biomass and sand (S) transferred from the bubble fluidized bed combustor 110 to the inside of the circulating fluidized bed reactor 120. . (C) is a representative material that adversely affects the manufacturing process of bio-crude, sand (S) is a heat transfer medium for transferring the heat of the bubble fluidized bed combustor 110 to the biomass. Therefore, when at least part of the sand (C) and the sand (S) are included in the bio-crude, the mercury of the bio-crude is greatly reduced.

In addition, a plurality of cyclone mechanisms 130 may be continuously arranged as necessary. Hereinafter, in the present embodiment, the cyclone mechanism 130 is described as being composed of the first cyclone mechanism 132 and the second cyclone mechanism 134, but may be composed of three or more cyclone mechanism 130. Therefore, the pyrolysis gas G discharged from the circulating fluidized bed reactor 120 may be processed step by step in the first cyclone mechanism 132 and the second cyclone mechanism 134.

In addition, between the lower portion of the first cyclone mechanism 132 and the second cyclone mechanism 134 and the bubble fluidized bed combustor 110, the 회수 (C) recovered by the first cyclone mechanism 132 and the second cyclone mechanism 134 ) And recovery paths 136 and 138 for supplying sand (S) into the bubble fluidized bed combustor 110 may be formed. When 촤 (C) and sand (S) is supplied to the inside of the bubble fluidized bed combustor 110, 촤 (C) can be completely burned, the sand (S) can be recycled and used again.

At this time, since the lower parts of the first cyclone mechanism 132 and the second cyclone mechanism 134 are disposed at a position higher than that of the bubble fluidized bed combustor 110, 촤 (C) and sand (S) are recovered only by the action of gravity. It may be supplied into the bubble fluidized bed combustor 110 along the passages 136 and 138. That is, separate transport mechanisms for transporting sand (C) and sand (S) may be omitted in the recovery passages 136 and 138.

However, in order to stably transport the sand (C) and sand (S) regardless of the positions of the first cyclone mechanism 132, the second cyclone mechanism 134, and the bubble fluidized bed combustor 110, such as a conveyor mechanism An instrument may be disposed in the recovery passages 136 and 138. The conveyor mechanism may be variously configured as a screw conveyor, belt conveyor, bucket conveyor, chain conveyor or the like.

1 and 2, the condenser 140 is a device for condensing bio-crude oil B from pyrolysis gas G1 in which cyclone mechanism 130 and sand C are removed. The condenser 140 may be formed in a general heat exchanger structure, but in this embodiment, the condenser 140 will be described as having a structure in which the condensed oil is directly contacted with the pyrolysis gas G1 to condense the bio-crude B. . Hereinafter, it demonstrates using oil O as a condensed oil. When cold oil (O) is injected into the condenser 140, the bio-crude (B) is condensed by the oil (O), the condensed bio-crude (B) is a crude oil reservoir 150 with the oil (O) To be discharged.

1 and 2, the crude oil reservoir 150 is a device for separating the bio-crude (B) and the oil (O) as well as separately storing the bio-crude (B). For example, the crude oil reservoir may include a separator 152 and a reservoir 154.

The separator 152 is a cylindrical member connected to the lower portion of the condenser 140. At the connection portion of the separation unit 152 and the condenser 140, a shutoff valve (not shown) for selectively blocking the bio-crude (B) and the oil (O) from entering the separation unit 152 from the condenser 140 is disposed. May be The separation unit 152 may separate the bio-crude (B) and the oil (O) introduced from the condenser 140 using the difference in specific gravity of the bio-crude (B) and the oil (O).

The storage unit 154 is a cylindrical member connected to the separation unit 152. A shutoff valve 156 may be disposed at a connection between the storage unit 154 and the separation unit 152 to selectively block the bio-crude B from flowing into the storage unit 154 from the separation unit 152. The connection part of the storage part 154 and the separation part 152 may be formed at the upper part or the lower part of the separation part 152 according to the specific gravity of the bio-crude (B) and the oil (O).

Hereinafter, the specific gravity of the bio crude oil (B) will be described as being larger than the specific gravity of the oil (O). That is, the bio-crude oil B is positioned below the separation unit 152, and the oil O is positioned above the separation unit 152. Therefore, the connection portion between the storage 154 and the separator 152 may be formed under the separator 152.

The properties of the oil (O) used in the present invention are not only impossible to mix and chemically react with the bio-crude (B), but also advantageous as the difference in specific gravity with the bio-crude (B) increases. For example, paraffinic oils are representative.

1 to 4, the oil injector 160 is an apparatus for re-injecting the oil O separated from the bio-crude B in the separator 152 into the condenser 140. For example, the oil sprayer 160 may include a pump unit 162, an oil supply passage 164, and an injection unit 166.

The pump unit 162 is a device for pumping oil (O) in the separation unit 152, the inlet is connected to the upper portion of the separation unit 152. At this time, the connection portion of the pump unit 162 and the separation unit 152 is formed at a position higher than the set height in the lower portion of the separation unit 152 in consideration of the water level of the bio-crude (B) and oil (O).

The oil supply passage 164 is a passage for guiding the oil O pumped by the pump unit 162 into the condenser 140. The lower end of the oil supply passage 164 is connected to the outlet of the pump portion 162, the upper end of the oil supply passage 164 is connected to the injection unit 166.

The injection unit 166 is a device for injecting the oil O delivered to the oil supply passage 164 into the condenser 140. That is, the injection unit 166 may be connected to communicate with the upper portion of the oil supply passage (164). Therefore, the injection unit 166 may inject the oil O toward the bottom of the condenser 140.

On the other hand, unlike the above, bio-crude (B) may be used as the condensed oil. In this case, the bio-crude B injected into the pyrolysis gas G1 and the bio-crude B condensed from the pyrolysis gas G1 flow into the crude oil reservoir 150. Therefore, the crude oil reservoir 150 may be formed only of the storage unit 154 without the separating unit 152, and the storage unit 154 may be directly connected to the lower portion of the condenser 140. However, since the bio-crude manufacturing system using the bio-crude oil (B) as the condensed oil is formed in a structure substantially similar to the bio-crude manufacturing system using the oil (O) as the condensed oil, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In addition, the injection unit 166 may be formed of at least one nozzle. 1 to 3 illustrate different embodiments of the jetting unit 166, the present invention is not limited thereto and may be arranged in various shapes and arrangements.

The injection unit 166 illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 may include a shower-shaped nozzle disposed inside the upper portion of the condenser 140. Therefore, oil may be sprayed into the condenser 140 through a shower-shaped nozzle in a shower manner.

The injection unit 166 ′ illustrated in FIG. 3 may include a plurality of nozzles disposed on the condenser 140. Therefore, the upper portion of the oil supply passage 164 ′ may be divided into a plurality of branches so as to be connected to the nozzles, respectively. In the present exemplary embodiment, the nozzles are described as being disposed only on the upper side of the condenser 140, but the nozzles may be disposed on the upper surface or the upper and side surfaces of the condenser 140.

In addition, FIG. 4 is another embodiment of the condenser 240 in which a plurality of diaphragms 142 are formed to change the flow direction of the oil O injected from the injection unit 166 to improve the condensation performance of the condenser 140 '. An example is shown. That is, in the condenser 140 ′, the diaphragms 142 may be alternately formed in the vertical direction to increase the reaction time of the oil O injected from the injection unit 166 and the pyrolysis gas G1. For example, the diaphragms 142 may be disposed in stages to be spaced apart in the up and down direction inside the condenser 140 ′. In addition, the diaphragms 142 may be formed to be inclined toward the bottom of the condenser 140 '.

Here, the oil O injected from the injection unit 166 may flow down a cascade along the diaphragms 142, and the pyrolysis gas G1 introduced into the condenser 140 ′ may be a diaphragm ( 142 may climb along the steps. Therefore, the condensation action of the oil O and the pyrolysis gas G1 can be carried out more effectively, and the condensation performance of the bio-crude B may not depend greatly on the shape and number of the nozzles.

Referring to FIG. 1, a gas discharge passage 170 may be formed at an upper portion of the condenser 140 to discharge the non-condensable pyrolysis gas G2 to the outside. In addition, a gas supply passage 172 for supplying the non-condensable pyrolysis gas G5 discharged to the gas discharge passage 170 between the bubble fluidized bed combustor 110 and the gas discharge passage 170 to the inside of the bubble fluidized bed combustor 110. ) May be formed. In addition, the connection portion between the gas supply passage 172 and the gas discharge passage 170 may be provided with an opening and closing valve 174 to selectively open and close the gas supply passage 172 and the gas discharge passage 170.

Therefore, the non-condensable pyrolysis gas G5 may flow through any one of the gas discharge passage 170 and the gas supply passage 172 according to the operation of the on-off valve 174. The non-condensable pyrolysis gas G5 flowed through the gas discharge passage 170 may be discharged to the outside of the bio-crude production system 100. On the other hand, the non-condensable pyrolysis gas G5 flowing through the gas supply passage 172 may be supplied into the bubble fluidized bed combustor 110. That is, since the non-condensable pyrolysis gas G5 is combusted in the bubble fluidized bed combustor 110, it can be used as a heat source of the bubble fluidized bed combustor 110 can improve the energy efficiency of the system.

On the other hand, the bio-crude manufacturing system 100 may further include a post-treatment mechanism 176 provided on the gas discharge passage 170 to remove harmful substances contained in the non-condensable pyrolysis gas (G4). The post-treatment mechanism 176 may use various conventional post-treatment instruments depending on the harmful substances of the non-condensable pyrolysis gas G4. For example, the aftertreatment mechanism 176 may be provided with a scrubber-containing filter containing activated carbon particles, platinum catalysts, palladium catalysts, and the like. Therefore, the harmful substances in the non-condensable pyrolysis gas G4 may not be discharged into the atmosphere, but may not be introduced into the circulating fluidized bed reactor 120 after being unburned in the bubble fluidized bed combustor 110.

Referring to FIG. 1, the bio-crude manufacturing system 100 may further include an electric dust collector 190 and an auxiliary condenser 180. However, unlike the present embodiment, only one of the electrostatic precipitator 190 or the auxiliary condenser 180 may be provided in the bio-crude manufacturing system 100.

The auxiliary condenser 180 is a device for recondensing the uncondensed pyrolysis gas G2 discharged from the condenser 140 under different conditions from the condenser 140. That is, the auxiliary condenser 180 condenses the non-condensing pyrolysis gas G2 in a different environment from the condenser 140, or a non-condensing pyrolysis gas G2 in a different condensation structure from the condenser 140. Can be condensed. As such, the bio-crude B recondensed by the auxiliary condenser 180 may be stored in the storage unit 154 of the crude oil reservoir 150. Therefore, the auxiliary condenser 180 may further recondensate the bio-crude (B) that has not been condensed in the condenser 140, thereby further improving the yield of the bio-crude manufacturing system 100. The auxiliary condenser 180 may be provided on the gas discharge passage 170. However, the auxiliary condenser 180 is preferably disposed as close as possible to the outlet of the condenser 140 in terms of efficiency.

For example, the auxiliary condenser 180 may condense the non-condensable pyrolysis gas G2 at a condensation temperature lower than that of the condenser 140. Alternatively, the auxiliary condenser 180 may condense the non-condensable pyrolysis gas G2 using a different kind of condensing oil from the condenser 140. Alternatively, the auxiliary condenser 180 may condense the non-condensable pyrolysis gas G2 in a heat exchanger structure different from the spray type heat exchange method of the condenser 140.

The electrostatic precipitator 190 is a device for electrostatic precipitating the bio-crude (B) in the droplet state contained in the non-condensable pyrolysis gas (G3) discharged from the auxiliary condenser 180. As such, the bio-crude B collected by the electrostatic precipitator 190 may be stored in the storage unit 154 of the crude oil reservoir 150. Thus, the electrostatic precipitator 190 may improve the yield of the bio-crude manufacturing system 100. The electrostatic precipitator 190 may be provided on the gas discharge passage 170. However, the electrostatic precipitator 190 is preferably disposed as close as possible to the outlet of the condenser 140 in terms of efficiency.

Meanwhile, the electrostatic precipitator 190 and the auxiliary condenser 180 may be variously arranged on the gas discharge passage 170 in the singular or plural according to the design conditions. For example, the plurality of electrostatic precipitators 190 or the auxiliary condensers 180 may be arranged in succession in a plurality of stages, or the electrostatic precipitators 180 and the auxiliary condensers 180 may be alternately disposed. Hereinafter, in the present embodiment, a single electric dust collector 190 and an auxiliary condenser 180 are disposed, and the auxiliary condenser 180 is described as being disposed relatively closer to the outlet of the condenser 140 than the electric dust collector 190. According to design conditions, the electrostatic precipitator 190 may be disposed relatively closer to the outlet of the condenser 140 than the auxiliary condenser 180.

Looking at the bio-crude manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention configured as described above are as follows. Figure 5 is a block diagram showing a bio-crude manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

7, bio-crude manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention is a combustion step (1), rapid pyrolysis step (2), cyclone step (3), condensation step (4), separation step (5), A storage step 6, a reuse step 7, and a post-treatment step 8.

In the combustion step 1, the bubble fluidized bed combustor 110 is operated to generate combustion gas and hot sand. In addition, the non-condensable pyrolysis gas (G5), which is not condensed in the (C) and sand (S) and the condensation step (4) recovered in the cyclone step (3) can be received and burned. Accordingly, the fin (C) and the non-condensable pyrolysis gas (G5) can be completely combusted in the bubble fluidized bed combustor 110, and the sand (S) can be recycled and then reused in the bubble fluidized bed combustor (110).

In the rapid pyrolysis step, the biomass supplied to the inside of the circulating fluidized bed reactor 120 is rapidly pyrolyzed using the combustion gas of the combustion step 1 and the hot sand. Rapid pyrolysis of biomass generates pyrolysis gas (G) including bio crude oil (B).

In the cyclone step (3), 촤 (C) and sand (S) are recovered from the pyrolysis gas (G) generated in the rapid pyrolysis step (2) using a cyclone phenomenon. 촤 (C) and sand (S) recovered as described above may be provided to the bubble fluidized bed combustor 110 of the combustion step (1).

In the condensation step (4), in the cyclone step (3), oil (O) is injected into the pyrolysis gas (G1) from which (C) and sand (S) have been removed, and bio-crude (B) from the pyrolysis gas (G1). ) To condense. That is, the bio-crude B may be condensed in such a manner that the oil O is in direct contact with the pyrolysis gas G1. Therefore, the condensation performance of the bio-crude (B) is improved to increase the yield of the bio-crude (B).

Meanwhile, the non-condensing pyrolysis gas G2 discharged from the condensation step 4 may be sequentially processed in the auxiliary condenser 180 and the electrostatic precipitator 190. Here, the non-condensing pyrolysis gas G2 may be additionally condensed under conditions different from the condenser 140 in the auxiliary condenser 180. The bio-crude B recondensed in the auxiliary condenser 180 may be stored in the storage unit 154. In addition, the non-condensable pyrolysis gas G3 discharged from the auxiliary condenser 180 may be removed from the biodust oil B in the droplet state in the electrostatic precipitator 190. The bio-crude B collected by the electrostatic precipitator 190 may be stored in the storage unit 154.

In the separation step 5, the separation unit 152 of the crude oil reservoir 150 receives the bio-crude oil B and the oil O generated in the condensation step 4. In the separating unit 152, the bio-crude B and the oil O are separated using the difference in specific gravity between the bio-crude B and the oil O.

In the storing step 6, the bio-crude B separated in the separating step 5 may be stored in the storage unit 154 of the crude oil storage unit 150.

In the reuse step 7, the oil injector 160 may spray the oil O separated in the separation step 5 into the condenser 140 of the condensation step 4. Therefore, since the oil O is circulated to the condenser 140 and the separator 152 and the oil sprayer 160 in turn, the oil O can be repeatedly reused, and due to the replenishment and replacement of the oil O, Process water and costs can be reduced.

In the post-treatment step 8, the non-condensable pyrolysis gas G4 that is not condensed in the condensation step 4 may be post-treated to remove harmful substances contained in the non-condensable pyrolysis gas G4. Therefore, it is possible to prevent harmful substances in the non-condensable pyrolysis gas G4 from being discharged into the atmosphere. In addition, since the non-condensable pyrolysis gas G5 from which the harmful substances have been removed in the post-treatment step 8 is supplied into the bubble fluidized bed combustor 110 of the combustion step 1, the circulating fluidized bed reactor 120 is The phenomenon that harmful substances are introduced can be prevented, and when the bio-crude manufacturing system 100 is used for a long time, the phenomenon of an increase in the concentration of harmful substances in the system can be prevented.

As described above, one embodiment of the present invention has been described by specific embodiments, such as specific components, and limited embodiments and drawings, but this is only provided to help a more general understanding of the present invention. The present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications and variations can be made by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains. Accordingly, the spirit of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described, and all of the equivalents or equivalents of the claims, as well as the following claims, belong to the scope of the present invention .

1 is a schematic view showing a bio-crude manufacturing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a view showing an example of the condenser and the oil sprayer shown in FIG.

3 is a view showing another example of the condenser and the oil spray shown in FIG.

4 is a view showing another example of the condenser and the oil sprayer shown in FIG.

Figure 5 is a block diagram showing a bio-crude manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig.

100: bio-crude manufacturing system 110: bubble fluidized bed combustor

120: circulating fluidized bed reactor 130: cyclone apparatus

140, 140 ′: Condenser 150: Crude Oil Reservoir

160: oil spray 176: aftertreatment mechanism

Claims (18)

A bubble fluidized bed combustor combusting steam and non-condensable pyrolysis gas and heating sand; A circulating fluidized bed reactor coupled to the top of the bubble fluidized bed combustor for rapidly pyrolyzing at least one of a biomass or a polymer compound supplied from the outside using combustion gas and high temperature sand provided by the bubble fluidized bed combustor; A cyclone mechanism that receives the pyrolysis gas of the biomass and recovers sand and sand contained in the pyrolysis gas; And A condenser for condensing bio-crude from pyrolysis gas from which sand and sand are removed in the cyclone mechanism; Bio crude oil production system comprising a. The method of claim 1, And a recovery passage for feeding the sand and sand recovered from the cyclone mechanism to the bubble fluidized bed combustor between the bubble fluidized bed combustor and the cyclone mechanism. The method of claim 1, The condenser is provided with a gas discharge passage for discharging the pyrolysis gas that has not been condensed to the outside, Between the bubble fluidized bed combustor and the gas discharge passage is formed a gas supply passage for supplying the pyrolysis gas in the gas discharge passage to the bubble fluidized bed combustor, The gas supply passage and the gas discharge passage is connected to the bio-crude production system provided with an on-off valve for selectively opening and closing the gas supply passage and the gas discharge passage. The method of claim 3, The bio-crude manufacturing system, And an auxiliary condenser provided on the gas discharge passage and recondensing the non-condensable pyrolysis gas discharged from the condenser under different conditions from the condenser. The method of claim 3, The bio-crude manufacturing system, And a dust collector provided on the gas discharge passage and configured to electrostatically collect the non-condensable pyrolysis gas discharged from the condenser. The method of claim 3, The bio-crude manufacturing system, And a post-treatment mechanism provided on the gas discharge passage to remove harmful substances contained in the non-condensable pyrolysis gas. The method of claim 1, And the condenser condenses bio crude oil from the pyrolysis gas in a manner of injecting liquid condensed oil into the pyrolysis gas. The method of claim 7, wherein The condensed oil is the bio-crude, The bio-crude manufacturing system, A crude oil reservoir connected to a lower portion of the condenser and storing the bio crude oil condensed in the condenser and the bio crude oil injected from the condenser; And An oil sprayer connected to the crude oil reservoir and the condenser and respraying the bio-crude stored in the crude oil reservoir into the condenser; Bio crude oil production system further comprising. The method of claim 7, wherein The condensed oil is an oil different in specific gravity from the bio-crude oil, The bio-crude manufacturing system, A crude oil reservoir connected to a lower portion of the condenser and separating the bio crude oil condensed in the condenser from the oil and storing the bio crude oil; And An oil sprayer connected to the crude oil reservoir and the condenser and re-injecting the oil from which the bio-crude is separated into the condenser; Bio crude oil production system further comprising. 10. The method of claim 9, The crude oil reservoir, A separation unit connected to a lower portion of the condenser and separating the bio crude oil and the oil introduced from the condenser using a difference in specific gravity between the bio crude oil and the oil; And A storage unit connected to the separation unit and storing the bio-crude separated from the oil; Bio crude oil production system provided with. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 10, The oil spray machine, A pump unit connected to the crude oil reservoir and pumping the condensed oil in the crude oil reservoir; An oil supply passage connected to the pump unit and the condenser and configured to guide the condensed oil pumped by the pump unit into the condenser; And An injection unit provided at an end of the oil supply passage and injecting the condensed oil into the condenser; Bio crude oil production system provided with. The method of claim 11, And the spraying portion is formed of at least one nozzle disposed above the condenser to inject the oil from the upper portion of the condenser to the lower portion. The method of claim 12, And a plurality of diaphragms staggered with each other in a vertical direction in order to increase a reaction time between the oil injected from the injection unit and the pyrolysis gas in the condenser. A combustion step of burning char and non-condensable pyrolysis gas in a bubble fluidized bed combustor and heating sand; A rapid pyrolysis step of rapidly pyrolyzing at least one of a biomass or a polymer compound supplied into the circulating fluidized bed reactor using the combustion gas and the high temperature sand provided in the combustion step; A cyclone step of recovering sand and sand from the pyrolysis gas generated in the rapid pyrolysis step using a cyclone phenomenon; And A condensation step of condensing bio-crude oil from the pyrolysis gas by injecting condensed oil into the pyrolysis gas from which sand and sand are removed in the cyclone step; Bio crude oil production method comprising a. The method of claim 14, The condensed oil is bio crude oil, A storage step of storing the bio-crude condensed in the condensation step and the bio-crude sprayed in the condensation step; And A reuse step of reusing the bio-crude stored in the storage step in the condensation step; Bio crude oil manufacturing method further comprising. The method of claim 14, The condensed oil is an oil different in specific gravity from the bio-crude oil, A separation step of separating the bio-crude and the oil by using a difference in specific gravity between the bio-crude and the oil condensed in the condensation step; A storage step of storing the bio-crude separated in the separation step; And A reuse step of reusing the oil separated in the separation step in the condensation step; Bio crude oil manufacturing method further comprising. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 16, The bio-crude manufacturing method in which the combustion step is to receive the non-condensable pyrolysis gas is not condensed in the condensation step and the sand and sand recovered in the cyclone step. The method of claim 17, The bio-crude manufacturing method may further include a post-treatment step of removing the harmful substances contained in the non-condensable pyrolysis gas by post-treating the non-condensable pyrolysis gas not condensed in the condensation step.

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