CN102585917A - Technology and system for cooling-absorbing coupling deep-removing tar from biomass gas - Google Patents
Technology and system for cooling-absorbing coupling deep-removing tar from biomass gas Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a technology and a system for cooling-absorbing coupling deep-removing tar from biomass gas. The system consists of a water cooling tower, a tar absorption tower, a flashing tower, auxiliary heat exchangers and storage tanks, high-temperature biomass gas which is rich in tar enters the water cooling tower at first to be sprayed and contacted with heavy tar liquid so as to be cooled and condensed to be liquid, so that a small amount of dust and most of heavy tar steam are removed; the biomass gas purified primarily is sent to the tar absorption tower, light tar steam is fully absorbed by absorbing medium and enters into oil phase of absorption liquid, a small amount of water vapor, hydrogen sulfide and ammonia are cooled and enter into water phase of the absorption liquid, and the purified biomass gas is sent to the subsequent workshop section for use; the absorption liquid coming out from the bottom of the tar absorption tower is sent to the flashing tower, the heat discharged from the water cooling tower is used for flashing, liquid phase absorption agent after flashing is recycled and returned to the tar absorption tower after being cooled, and gas phase products are subjected to condensation and oil-water separation.
Description
Affiliated technical field
The present invention relates to the coal-tar middle oil deep removal method of combustion gas that a kind of biomass thermal chemical conversion process generates, relate to a kind of technology and system of biological fuel gas cooling-absorption coupling deep removal tar, belong to biomass energy and efficiently utilize the field.
Background technology
Biomass resource belongs to renewable resources, and ideal conditions can be realized the recycle of carbon resource down.Biomass resource is converted into biological fuel gas through suitable thermochemistry or Biochemical processes, or further deep processing obtains chemical, for society provides the basic chemical industry raw material or the energy.Therefore, sun power, wind energy etc. only can produce the renewable resources of electric power equal energy source relatively, and biomass resource is unique renewable resources that is converted into chemical, can be used as the substitute of fossil feedstock, for socio-economic development provides resource base.
Biomass thermal chemical conversion process is under high temperature (or cocatalyst) condition; Biomass material is through super-dry, thermolysis, oxidation and reduction process; Macromole is through fracture and reorganization; Be converted into the process of micromolecular oil fuel or combustion gas, this method has become the main mode of biomass resource utilization.The at present main application form of biomass thermal chemical conversion technology has gasification burning generating, gasification burning heat supply, pyrolysis production bio oil and gasification burning synthesis of chemicals etc.Generally speaking, this technology remains at some key obstacles in the security of the economy of the stability of gasification, gasification and subsequent product use, so do not obtain large-scale promotion application.
Along with going deep into of biomass thermal chemical conversion technical study and demonstration, the influence of the tar that produces in the gasification becomes one of this technology popularization key in application difficult problem of restriction.In biomass material thermochemistry conversion process, be accompanied by the appearance of gaseous product, can produce the tar macromole.Be a kind of chocolate thick liquid under the tar normal temperature, its composition is very complicated, and the composition that can analyze has kind more than 100, also has a lot of compositions to be difficult to define.The staple of tar is no less than 20 kinds, and major part is the verivate and the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons of benzene, wherein content greater than 5% nearly below several kinds: naphthalene, toluene, YLENE, vinylbenzene and phenol etc., the content of other composition is generally all less than 5%.Biomass coke tar is gaseous state being liquid below 200 ℃ more than 300 ℃, at high temperature can resolve into the small molecules permanent gases.The subject matter of the existence restriction biomass gasification technology large-scale application of tar is following: 1. tar accounts for 5%～10% of combustible gas energy; At low temperature (normal temperature; Near envrionment temperature) under be difficult to be utilized with combustion gas, cause thermochemistry conversion process inefficiency; 2. tar condenses into liquid at low temperatures, and dust such as Yi Heshui, carbon granules are combined into dope, stops up gas pipe line and valve, and corroding metal influences system's operation and safety; 3. tar is difficult to perfect combustion, and produces particle such as carbon black, and is serious to the impeller infringement of the gas-fired equipment (like oil engine, internal combustion turbine etc.) that is used to generate electricity; 4. the poison gas of tar and the generation of burning back thereof pollutes the environment.This shows that the tar in the combustible gas has sizable hazardness, is one of major obstacle of biomass gasification process application, must effectively handle it.
The biomass gas tar oil treatment process mainly comprises physics method, thermochemical method and plasma decoking method etc.The physics decoking comprises wet method and dry method two big classes.Wet type decoking method is mainly WATER-WASHING METHOD, is that water is cooled to liquid with the part tar in the combustible gas, is taken away by the water flushing, and this method main drawback is to be prone to carry secretly the tar droplet in the combustion gas, and can bring the secondary pollution problem of tar washed wastewater; The dry-type decoking method promptly adopts the filtering technique purifying gas, can avoid the secondary pollution to water body and soil, but in practical applications; The effect of removing tar is undesirable, and the deposition of tar is serious, and exists system device complicated; Shortcomings such as operation life is short, normal and other decoking coupling.But plasma decoking method is to utilize the characteristics of corona discharge decomposing organic matter to carry out removing of tar, but this method equipment manufacturing cost and working cost are high, and is also high than other method to the requirement of operational administrative.The thermochemistry conversion method is under certain temperature condition, tar to be changed into the combustion gas small molecules; Improve the transformation efficiency and the utilization ratio of biomass; Can be divided into pyrolysis method and catalystic pyrolysis, wherein the pyrolysis method energy consumption is high, and the catalystic pyrolysis catalyzer is prone to carbon deposit and sintering; Physical strength is also relatively poor, thereby only has Demonstration Application on a small scale.
Remove a difficult problem to biomass gas tar oil, the investigator proposes to reduce the coal-tar middle oil content of combustion gas with the method that absorbs, and reaches the absorption agent recycle through desorption." OLGA " (the Dutch acronym for
washer) decoking of Holland's energy centre exploitation is exactly the novel decoking process that is the basis with solvent absorbing tar; The result shows: heavy tar is removed fully; The tar dew-point temperature is reduced to 25 ℃, and tar can not condense in the vapourizing furnace downstream; 99% phenols and 97% heterocyclic tar can be removed, and can save because of handling by the cost of the waste water of phenols or other water-soluble blended tars pollution.Zhang Zhongcheng etc. are in " based on the biological fuel gas decoking technique simulation of Aspen plus platform " (journal of Shandong university, 2008,38 (6): 95-98) in the article; The solvent method decoking technique of biological fuel gas has been proposed; Through the cooling and absorbing effect of solvent, with the heavies removal in the tar, the light constituent selectively removing; The dew point that combustion gas after treatment is coal-tar middle oil is reduced under the use temperature, thereby solves the problems such as line clogging that produced by condensing of tar.But these two kinds of method first step detar cooling towers adopt plus solvent cooling tar, because this part tar ingredients is complicated, solid particulate is many, can form to be difficult to isolating mixing dust thickness, constant boiling mixture, and separating difficulty is big, and running cost is high; The heat of combustion gas is not fully used; In addition, the combustion gas dehydration is not carried out on absorption tower, the second stage simultaneously, further is placed on follow-up workshop section and will dewater, and will increase system complex degree and cost of investment.Zhou Xiaping etc. are at " adopting absorption agent to reduce the experimental study of biological tar content " (solar energy journal; 2009,30 (3): 381-384) in the article, propose with terepthaloyl moietie, thanomin or its combination as absorption agent; Carry out the biological fuel gas detar, but the report of the desorption process of not being correlated with.The old equality of Disen Heat Energy Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou is in the patent of CN101532785A at publication number; The bio oil that the method condensation biomass pyrolytic that adopts bio oil itself directly to spray obtains; This method can fully suppress the further cracking of condensability component, and can avoid causing the loaded down with trivial details technology of later separation owing to adding cooling medium.But behind this spray end of processing, the bio oil temperature should not be low excessively, and is low as excessively, and bio oil viscosity is excessive, brings difficulty to continuous, mass-producing operation; As temperature is higher after spraying end, then because bio oil itself does not possess sorption, causes less tar of some molecules and steam to be difficult to effective condensation, influences the further use of biological fuel gas.Ma Jiade is in the patent of CN101186836A at publication number; Invented a kind of method that adopts useless rubber and plastic cracked oil to carry out biological flue gas cooling recovery, owing to after the rubber and plastic cracking, in combustion gas, can mix ash content and tiny charcoal particle; After the focusing oil cooling reclaims; Above-mentioned ash content and charcoal particle and tar formation dope as directly it being carried out rectifying, then can increase operation and operation difficulty.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the limitation of above-mentioned biomass gas tar oil removal methods; A kind of advantage that combines to cool off with absorption process is provided; The coal-tar middle oil a kind of biological fuel gas cooling-absorption of low-cost deep removal biological fuel gas simultaneously the be coupled technology and the system of deep removal tar and by-product coke oil prodn with water.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that the high temperature biological fuel gas that is rich in tar steam that is generated by biomass gasifying furnace at first gets into the tar water cooling tower after dedusting; Contact with tar heavy oil (referring to that boiling point is higher than 100 ℃ tar) liquid; Most of heavy tar steam is cooled to liquid, and the low amounts of dust in the biological fuel gas and most of heavy tar steam are removed; Biological fuel gas after rough purification; Be admitted to the tar absorption tower, in this tower, tar light oil (referring to that boiling point is lower than 100 ℃ tar) steam is absorbed medium and fully absorbs; Get into the oil phase of absorption liquid; Little ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and water vapor are cooled, and get into the water of absorption liquid, and the biological fuel gas after the purification is sent into follow-up workshop section; The absorption liquid that comes out at the bottom of the tar absorption tower is admitted to flashing tower; Utilize the water cooling tower liberated heat to carry out flash distillation; The tar absorption tower is returned in liquid absorbent cooling back circulation after the flash distillation, and gas-phase product obtains the tar light oil product respectively through condensation and oily water separation; The recycled offgas that contains a small amount of lighter hydrocarbons, and a small amount of deposed ammonia.
Concrete technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of system of biological fuel gas cooling-absorption coupling deep removal tar; It is characterized in that, form by water cooling tower 1, tar absorption tower 4, flashing tower 5, the first interchanger 2A, the second interchanger 2B, interchanger 6, tar heavy oil storage tank 3A and tar light oil storage tank 3B; Described water cooling tower 1 is provided with underfeed mouth, bottom discharge mouth, top discharge mouth and top spray opening for feed; Tar heavy oil storage tank 3A is provided with top opening for feed, top discharge mouth, bottom discharge mouth and bottom discharge port; Tar absorption tower 4 is provided with underfeed mouth, bottom discharge mouth, top discharge mouth and top spray opening for feed; Load liquid absorbent f in the tar absorption tower 4, flashing tower 5 is provided with top opening for feed, top discharge mouth and bottom discharge mouth; Tar light oil storage tank 3B is provided with top fed mouth, bottom discharge port and bottom discharge mouth; Condensing surface 6 is provided with upper air vent; Water cooling tower 1 top discharge mouth connects tar absorption tower 4 underfeed mouths; The water cooling tower 1 bottom discharge mouth and the first interchanger 2A connect; The top opening for feed that the discharge port of the first interchanger 2A connects tar storage tank 3A gets into tar heavy oil storage tank 3A, and the top spray opening for feed of tar heavy oil storage tank 3A top discharge mouth and water cooling tower 1 links to each other; The bottom discharge mouth on tar absorption tower 4 connects the top opening for feed of flashing tower 5; The bottom discharge mouth of flashing tower 5 connects the second interchanger 2B; The outlet of the second interchanger 2B connects 4 tops, tar absorption tower spray opening for feed; The top gas discharge port of flashing tower 5 connects condensing surface 6, and the outlet at bottom of condensing surface 6 connects the top fed mouth of tar light oil storage tank 3B.
The present invention also provides the technology of the biological fuel gas cooling-absorption coupling deep removal tar that utilizes said system; Concrete steps are: the high temperature biological fuel gas a that is rich in tar steam that biomass gasifying furnace obtains at first gets into water cooling tower 1 through water cooling tower 1 underfeed mouth after dedusting; By the tar heavy oil liquid spraying cooling of water cooling tower 1 top spray opening for feed; Quench liquid flows into the first interchanger 2A by water cooling tower 1 bottom discharge mouth; The cooling liberated heat is taken away by heat transferring medium b, and opening for feed gets into tar heavy oil storage tank 3A to the tar heavy oil that cooling obtains through tar heavy oil storage tank 3A top; In tar heavy oil storage tank 3A; Tar heavy oil carries out standing separation and removes residual oil c; Residual oil c is discharged by tar heavy oil storage tank 3A bottom discharge mouth; Tar heavy oil d is discharged as product by tar heavy oil storage tank 3A bottom discharge port, and the spray opening for feed returns water cooling tower to part tar heavy oil d through water cooling tower 1 top by tar heavy oil storage tank 3A top discharge mouth, as the spray heat-eliminating medium; The biological fuel gas that removes tar heavy oil that comes out from water cooling tower 1 top discharge mouth; Be sent to tar absorption tower 4 underfeed mouths and get into tar absorption tower 4, in tar absorption tower 4, tar light oil steam is absorbed agent f and fully absorbs; Get into the oil phase of absorption liquid; Ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and water vapor are cooled, and get into the water of absorption liquid, and 4 top discharge mouths are admitted to follow-up workshop section to the biological fuel gas e after the purification through the tar absorption tower; The absorption liquid that comes out at the bottom of 4 towers of tar absorption tower gets into flashing towers 5 through flashing tower 5 top opening for feeds; Utilize the first interchanger 2A liberated heat to carry out heating flash evaporation through heat transferring medium b; Absorption agent f after the flash distillation gets into the second interchanger 2B by flashing tower 5 bottom discharge mouths, after second interchanger 2B cooling, returns tar absorption tower 4 by the spray opening for feed circulation of 4 tops, tar absorption tower, and the gas-phase product of flashing tower 5 top discharge mouths utilizes heat-eliminating medium h to carry out condensation in condensing surface 6; The liquid product of condensing surface 6 gets into tar light oil storage tank 3B; The recycled offgas g of top discharge mouth, biomass gasifying furnace is returned in circulation, further participates in gasification reaction; Tar light oil storage tank 3B bottom discharge port is tar light oil product i, and the bottom discharge mouth is deposed ammonia j.Described tar heavy oil is that boiling point is higher than 100 ℃ tar, and tar light oil is that boiling point is lower than 100 ℃ tar.
Tar treatment process of the present invention and system's adaptability to raw material are wide, and biological fuel gas comprises the combustion gas that the gasification of various fixed beds and biomass fluid bed gasification furnace obtains, and the combustion gas of being rich in tar and bio oil that obtains of destructive distillation or the half-dried process of heating up in a steamer.
Tar of the present invention absorption tower 4; Absorption temperature is the temperature of 10～40 ℃ environment cools medium, guarantees that tar light oil is absorbed agent and fully absorbs, and gets into oil phase; Make the coal-tar middle oil dew point of outlet biological fuel gas be lower than the dew point of normal temperature; Can condensation not separate out in follow-up use, pollute pipeline and valve etc., combustion gas is fully purified; In addition, absorbing medium has cooling effect, and the quantities that contains in the biological fuel gas is condensed; Get into the absorption liquid water, a spot of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide etc. are absorbed and get into the absorption liquid water; Steam can not separated out in the follow-up use condensation of combustion gas, can etching apparatus, and the influence operation.Absorption agent f in the described tar absorption tower 4; Be the non-polar oil cut, can fully absorb the tar in the combustion gas, reduce the tar dew point; Immiscible with water; Or be slightly soluble in water, for carbonatoms greater than 9 at least a less than in 25 stable hydrocarbon, benzene neutral derivant, naphthalene and the neutral derivant thereof, and the boiling range scope is 150～300 ℃.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) virgin gas wide adaptability, biological fuel gas comprise the combustion gas that the gasification of various fixed beds and biomass fluid bed gasification furnace obtains, and the combustion gas of being rich in tar and bio oil that obtains of destructive distillation or the half-dried process of heating up in a steamer;
(2) can carry out degree of depth decoking to combustion gas, tar reduced under the dew point of use temperature, guarantee at follow-up not condensation of use, etching apparatus;
(3) adopt tar heavy oil that biological fuel gas is sprayed decoking, the spray good cooling results can remove tar heavy oil, and the low amounts of dust in the wash-out biological fuel gas; Tar heavy oil as spray refrigerant and product, need not add heat-eliminating medium simultaneously, has reduced separation difficulty and cost;
(4) tar light oil adopts absorption agent to absorb, and has concurrently to absorb and cooling effect, and sorption can be reduced to tar light oil below the dew-point temperature, guarantees the safe handling at subsequent process; The decoking process is cooled dehydrated, deamination simultaneously, has avoided subsequent process further water in the combustion gas to be removed, and has simplified the decoking flow process, has practiced thrift cost;
(5) tar light oil and tar heavy oil are sold as product respectively, have practiced thrift the cost that follow-up cut " cutting " is handled;
(6) will spray the cooling liberated heat, reclaim heating heat, practice thrift the energy consumption of tar treating processes as the flash separation tower;
(7) tar treating processes of the present invention, energy consumption is low, and light, tar heavy oil is respectively as sub product, disposals of pollutants such as no waste water.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a system schematic of the present invention, wherein the 1-water cooling tower; 2A-first interchanger; 2B-second interchanger; 3A-tar heavy oil storage tank; 3B-tar light oil storage tank; 4-tar absorption tower; The 5-flashing tower; The 6-condensing surface; A-is rich in the biological fuel gas of tar; The b-heat transferring medium; C-residual oil; The d-tar heavy oil; Biological fuel gas after e-purifies; The f-absorption agent; The g-recycled offgas; The h-heat-eliminating medium; I-tar light oil product; The j-deposed ammonia
Embodiment
The present invention further specifies through following examples, but does not therefore limit the scope of application of the present invention.
System schematic of the present invention is as shown in Figure 1, and biological fuel gas removes the system of tar, is made up of water cooling tower 1, tar absorption tower 4, flashing tower 5, the first interchanger 2A, the second interchanger 2B, tar heavy oil storage tank 3A and tar light oil storage tank 3B; Described water cooling tower 1 is provided with underfeed mouth, bottom discharge mouth, top discharge mouth and top spray opening for feed; Tar heavy oil storage tank 3A is provided with top opening for feed, top discharge mouth, bottom discharge mouth and bottom discharge port; Tar absorption tower 4 is provided with underfeed mouth, bottom discharge mouth, top discharge mouth and top spray opening for feed; Load liquid absorbent f in the tar absorption tower 4; Absorption agent f is the mixture of n-propyl hexanaphthene (5%wt), naphthalene (10%wt) and 1-methyl-2-ethylbenzene (90%wt), and boiling range is 150～180 ℃; Flashing tower 5 is provided with top opening for feed, top discharge mouth and bottom discharge mouth, and tar light oil storage tank 3B is provided with top fed mouth, bottom discharge port and bottom discharge mouth; Water cooling tower 1 top gas outlet connects tar absorption tower 4 underfeed mouths; The water cooling tower 1 bottom discharge port and the first interchanger 2A connect; The discharging of the first interchanger 2A gets into the top opening for feed of tar heavy oil storage tank 3A, and the top spray opening for feed of tar heavy oil storage tank 3A top discharge mouth and water cooling tower 1 links to each other; The bottom discharge on tar absorption tower 4 gets into flashing tower 5 top opening for feeds; 4 tops, tar absorption tower spray opening for feed is sent in the bottom liquid discharging of flashing tower 5 after second interchanger 2B cooling; The top gas discharge port of flashing tower 5 connects condensing surface 6, and cooled product gets into tar light oil storage tank 3B by tar light oil storage tank 3B top fed mouth.
600 ℃ of high temperature biological fuel gas a that are rich in tar that biomass gasifying furnace obtains are mainly combustible CO, H
2Deng combustiblecomponents; Contain tar macromole steam, after dedusting, at first get into water cooling tower 1, by the cooling of tar heavy oil spray through water cooling tower underfeed mouth; The bottom cooling liquid flowing is through the first interchanger 2A, and the cooling liberated heat is taken away by the heat transferring medium b of the first interchanger 2A; The tar heavy oil that cooling obtains contains heavier tar of composition and the residual oil that contains more ash content, and temperature is 150 ℃, gets into tar heavy oil storage tank 3A by tar heavy oil storage tank 3A top opening for feed; In tar heavy oil storage tank 3A, to carry out after standing separation removes residual oil c, a part is discharged by lower part outlet as tar heavy oil d product, and another part turns back to the spray opening for feed of water cooling tower 1 by the top discharge mouth, as the spray heat-eliminating medium; From the biological fuel gas that removes tar heavy oil that comes out in water cooling tower 1 top, be admitted to tar absorption tower 4 bottom feed mouths, absorption temperature is 30 ℃; In tar absorption tower 4, tar light oil steam is absorbed agent f and fully absorbs, and gets into the oil phase of absorption liquid; Ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and water vapor are cooled; Get into the water of absorption liquid, the tar depoint depression of the biological fuel gas e after the purification is low to moderate-5 ℃, the follow-up use etching apparatus that can not condense; The absorption liquid that comes out at the bottom of 4 towers of tar absorption tower is admitted to flashing tower 5 top opening for feeds; Utilize the first interchanger 2A liberated heat to carry out heating flash evaporation through heat transferring medium b; Flash vaporization point is 140 ℃; Tar absorption tower 4 top spray opening for feeds are returned in liquid absorbent f after flash distillation circulation after the heat-eliminating medium h of second interchanger 2B cooling, and gas-phase product utilizes heat-eliminating medium h to carry out condensation in condensing surface 6, and phlegma is got among the tar light oil storage tank 3B by the top and carries out oily water separation; Obtain tar light oil product i respectively, and a small amount of deposed ammonia j; The condensation process non-condensable gases is the recycled offgas g that contains a small amount of lighter hydrocarbons, and the biomass gasifying furnace that returns capable of circulation is participated in gasification reaction.
Embodiment 2
Like the biological fuel gas detar system of embodiment 1, the biological fuel gas temperature is 600 ℃, and tar content is 600mg/Nm
3The cooling temperature of first interchanger is 140 ℃; Absorption agent is a n-Hexadecane, and boiling point is 287 ℃, and tar absorption tower absorption temperature is 25 ℃; The flashing tower service temperature is 135 ℃.After the purification, the tar depoint depression of biological fuel gas is low to moderate-5 ℃, the follow-up use etching apparatus that can not condense.
Embodiment 3
Like the biological fuel gas detar system of embodiment 1, the biological fuel gas temperature is 550 ℃, and tar content is 700mg/Nm
3The cooling temperature of first interchanger is 120 ℃; Absorption agent is a propyl benzene, and boiling point is 160 ℃, and tar absorption tower absorption temperature is 10 ℃; The flashing tower service temperature is 110 ℃.After the purification, the tar depoint depression of biological fuel gas is low to moderate-2 ℃, the follow-up use etching apparatus that can not condense.
Embodiment 4
Like the biological fuel gas detar system of embodiment 1, the biological fuel gas temperature is 550 ℃, and tar content is 1000mg/Nm
3The cooling temperature of first interchanger is 145 ℃; Absorption agent is a naphthalene, and boiling point is 218 ℃, and tar absorption tower absorption temperature is 15 ℃; The flashing tower service temperature is 136 ℃.After the purification, the tar depoint depression of biological fuel gas is low to moderate-8 ℃, the follow-up use etching apparatus that can not condense.
Like the biological fuel gas detar system of embodiment 1, the biological fuel gas temperature is 650 ℃, and tar content is 900mg/Nm
3The cooling temperature of first interchanger is 140 ℃; Absorption agent is the mixture of dimethyl styrene (15%wt), indenes (75%wt) and certain herbaceous plants with big flowers alkane (10%wt), and boiling range is 160～190 ℃, and tar absorption tower absorption temperature is 20 ℃; The flashing tower service temperature is 130 ℃.After the purification, the tar depoint depression of biological fuel gas is low to moderate-3 ℃, the follow-up use etching apparatus that can not condense.
Like the biological fuel gas detar system of embodiment 1, the biological fuel gas temperature is 700 ℃, and tar content is 850mg/Nm
3The cooling temperature of first interchanger is 130 ℃; Absorption agent is the mixture of 1-hendecene (35%wt), dimethyl-ethylbenzene (10%wt) and indenes (55%wt), and boiling range is 180～210 ℃, and tar absorption tower absorption temperature is 35 ℃; The flashing tower service temperature is 125 ℃.After the purification, the tar depoint depression of biological fuel gas is low to moderate-7 ℃, the follow-up use etching apparatus that can not condense.
Embodiment 7
Like the biological fuel gas detar system of embodiment 1, the biological fuel gas temperature is 800 ℃, and tar content is 1100mg/Nm
3The cooling temperature of first interchanger is 120 ℃; Absorption agent is the mixture of tetramethyl-benzene (45%wt), naphthalene (50%wt) and coumarone (5%wt), and boiling range is 200～230 ℃, and tar absorption tower absorption temperature is 20 ℃; The flashing tower service temperature is 110 ℃.After the purification, the tar depoint depression of biological fuel gas is low to moderate-8 ℃, the follow-up use etching apparatus that can not condense.
Embodiment 8
Like the biological fuel gas detar system of embodiment 1, the biological fuel gas temperature is 550 ℃, and tar content is 1200mg/Nm
3The cooling temperature of first interchanger is 110 ℃; Absorption agent is the mixture of certain herbaceous plants with big flowers alkane (5%wt), pentamethylbenzene (25%wt), biphenyl (40%wt) and indoles (30%wt), and boiling range is 230～260 ℃, and tar absorption tower absorption temperature is 30 ℃; The flashing tower service temperature is 105 ℃.After the purification, the tar depoint depression of biological fuel gas is low to moderate-4 ℃, the follow-up use etching apparatus that can not condense.
Embodiment 9
Like the biological fuel gas detar system of embodiment 1, the biological fuel gas temperature is 500 ℃, and tar content is 950mg/Nm
3The cooling temperature of first interchanger is 120 ℃; Absorption agent is the mixture of dimethylnaphthalene (40%wt), acenaphthene (30%wt), 1-methyl-2-ethylbenzene (5%wt) and ditane (25%wt), and boiling range is 250～280 ℃, and tar absorption tower absorption temperature is 25 ℃; The flashing tower service temperature is 112 ℃.After the purification, the tar depoint depression of biological fuel gas is low to moderate-10 ℃, the follow-up use etching apparatus that can not condense.
Embodiment 10
Like the biological fuel gas detar system of embodiment 1, the biological fuel gas temperature is 600 ℃, and tar content is 1200mg/Nm
3The cooling temperature of first interchanger is 150 ℃; Absorption agent is the mixture of toluene (1%wt), indoles (10%wt), dimethylnaphthalene (80%wt) and acenaphthene (9%wt), and boiling range is 260～290 ℃, and tar absorption tower absorption temperature is 35 ℃; The flashing tower service temperature is 145 ℃.After the purification, the tar depoint depression of biological fuel gas is low to moderate-2 ℃, the follow-up use etching apparatus that can not condense.
Embodiment 11
Like the biological fuel gas detar system of embodiment 1, the biological fuel gas temperature is 900 ℃, and tar content is 850mg/Nm
3The cooling temperature of first interchanger is 115 ℃; Absorption agent is the mixture of acenaphthene (60%wt), fluorenes (35%wt) and quinoline (5%wt), and boiling range is 270～300 ℃, and tar absorption tower absorption temperature is 20 ℃; The flashing tower service temperature is 105 ℃.After the purification, the tar depoint depression of biological fuel gas is low to moderate-8 ℃, the follow-up use etching apparatus that can not condense.
Claims (6)
1. the system of biological fuel gas cooling-absorption coupling deep removal tar; It is characterized in that, form by water cooling tower (1), tar absorption tower (4), flashing tower (5), first interchanger (2A), second interchanger (2B), condensing surface (6), tar heavy oil storage tank (3A) and tar light oil storage tank (3B); Described water cooling tower (1) is provided with underfeed mouth, bottom discharge mouth, top discharge mouth and top spray opening for feed; Tar heavy oil storage tank (3A) is provided with top opening for feed, top discharge mouth, bottom discharge mouth and bottom discharge port; Tar absorption tower (4) is provided with underfeed mouth, bottom discharge mouth, top discharge mouth and top spray opening for feed, loads liquid absorbent (f) in tar absorption tower (4); Flashing tower (5) is provided with top opening for feed, top discharge mouth and bottom discharge mouth, and tar light oil storage tank (3B) is provided with top fed mouth, bottom discharge port and bottom discharge mouth, and condensing surface (6) is provided with upper air vent; Water cooling tower (1) top discharge mouth connects the underfeed mouth on tar light oil absorption tower (4); Water cooling tower (1) bottom discharge mouth and first interchanger (2A) connect; The discharge port of first interchanger (2A) connects the top opening for feed of tar heavy oil storage tank (3A), and the top spray opening for feed of the top discharge mouth of tar heavy oil storage tank (3A) and water cooling tower (1) links to each other; The bottom discharge mouth on tar absorption tower (4) connects the top opening for feed of flashing tower (5); The bottom discharge mouth of flashing tower (5) connects second interchanger (2B); The outlet of second interchanger (2B) connects top, tar absorption tower (4) spray opening for feed; The top gas discharge port of flashing tower (5) connects condensing surface (6), and the outlet at bottom of condensing surface (6) connects the top fed mouth of tar light oil storage tank (3B).
2. one kind is utilized the technology of the biological fuel gas cooling-absorption coupling deep removal tar of system according to claim 1; Concrete steps are: the high temperature biological fuel gas (a) that is rich in tar steam that biomass gasifying furnace obtains at first gets into water cooling tower (1) through water cooling tower (1) underfeed mouth after dedusting; By the tar heavy oil liquid spraying cooling of water cooling tower (1) top spray opening for feed; Quench liquid flows into first interchanger (2A) by water cooling tower (1) bottom discharge mouth; The cooling liberated heat is taken away by heat transferring medium (b), and opening for feed gets into tar heavy oil storage tank (3A) to the tar heavy oil that cooling obtains through tar heavy oil storage tank (3A) top; In tar heavy oil storage tank (3A); Tar heavy oil carries out standing separation and removes residual oil (c); Residual oil (c) is discharged by tar heavy oil storage tank (3A) bottom discharge mouth; Tar heavy oil (d) is discharged as product by tar heavy oil storage tank (3A) bottom discharge port, and the spray opening for feed returns water cooling tower (1) to part tar heavy oil (d) through water cooling tower (1) top by tar heavy oil storage tank (3A) top discharge mouth, as the spray heat-eliminating medium; The biological fuel gas that removes tar heavy oil that comes out from water cooling tower (1) top discharge mouth; Be sent to tar absorption tower (4) underfeed mouth and get into tar absorption tower (4), in tar absorption tower (4), tar light oil steam is absorbed agent (f) and fully absorbs; Get into the oil phase of absorption liquid; Ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and water vapor are cooled, and get into the water of absorption liquid, and the top discharge mouth is admitted to follow-up workshop section to the biological fuel gas after the purification (e) through tar absorption tower (4); The absorption liquid that comes out at the bottom of the tower of tar absorption tower (4) gets into flashing tower (5) through flashing tower (5) top opening for feed; Utilize first interchanger (2A) liberated heat to carry out heating flash evaporation through heat transferring medium (b); Absorption agent after the flash distillation (f) gets into second interchanger (2B) by flashing tower (5) bottom discharge mouth; After second interchanger (2B) cooling, return tar absorption tower (4) by the spray opening for feed circulation of top, tar absorption tower (4); The gas-phase product of flashing tower (5) top discharge mouth utilizes heat-eliminating medium (h) to carry out condensation in condensing surface (6), and the liquid product of condensing surface (6) gets into tar light oil storage tank (3B), the recycled offgas of top discharge mouth (g); Biomass gasifying furnace is returned in circulation, further participates in gasification reaction; Tar light oil storage tank (3B) bottom discharge port is tar light oil product (i), and the bottom discharge mouth is deposed ammonia (j).
3. technology according to claim 2, the cooling temperature that it is characterized in that first interchanger (2A) is 100～150 ℃.
4. technology according to claim 2, the absorption temperature that it is characterized in that tar absorption tower (4) is the temperature of 10～40 ℃ of environment cools media.
5. technology according to claim 2; It is characterized in that the absorption agent (f) in the tar absorption tower (4) is the non-polar oil cut; For carbonatoms greater than 9 at least a less than in 25 stable hydrocarbon, benzene neutral derivant, naphthalene and the neutral derivant thereof, and the boiling range scope is 150～300 ℃.
6. technology according to claim 1, the service temperature that it is characterized in that flashing tower (5) is 100～150 ℃, and is lower than 5～10 ℃ of the cooling temperatures of first interchanger (2A).
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| CN103087780A (en) * | 2013-02-08 | 2013-05-08 | 南京工业大学 | Multi-stage deep removing process of biomass gas tar |
| CN103333718A (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2013-10-02 | 张晓� | Separation method for gas comprising solid dust and tar gas |
| CN104987887A (en) * | 2015-08-05 | 2015-10-21 | 华陆工程科技有限责任公司 | Method for producing coal tar oil and synthetic gas by using oil-enriched coal as raw materials |
| CN108753372A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-11-06 | 易高环保能源研究院有限公司 | The device and method of oil wash purification and Oil Recovery for pyrolysis gas |
| CN109456803A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-03-12 | 陕西煤业化工集团神木天元化工有限公司 | The recovery system of light components in a kind of pyrolysis coal gas |
| CN109971516A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2019-07-05 | 上海电气集团股份有限公司 | A kind of tar absorbent and preparation method thereof |
| CN110527563A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-12-03 | 陕西煤业化工集团神木天元化工有限公司 | The recovery system of coal tar in a kind of pyrolysis coal gas |
| JP2020165844A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2020-10-08 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | Method and device for analyzing tar-containing gas |
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| CN103087780A (en) * | 2013-02-08 | 2013-05-08 | 南京工业大学 | Multi-stage deep removing process of biomass gas tar |
| CN103333718A (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2013-10-02 | 张晓� | Separation method for gas comprising solid dust and tar gas |
| CN104987887A (en) * | 2015-08-05 | 2015-10-21 | 华陆工程科技有限责任公司 | Method for producing coal tar oil and synthetic gas by using oil-enriched coal as raw materials |
| CN108753372A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-11-06 | 易高环保能源研究院有限公司 | The device and method of oil wash purification and Oil Recovery for pyrolysis gas |
| CN110527563A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-12-03 | 陕西煤业化工集团神木天元化工有限公司 | The recovery system of coal tar in a kind of pyrolysis coal gas |
| CN109456803A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-03-12 | 陕西煤业化工集团神木天元化工有限公司 | The recovery system of light components in a kind of pyrolysis coal gas |
| CN109971516A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2019-07-05 | 上海电气集团股份有限公司 | A kind of tar absorbent and preparation method thereof |
| JP2020165844A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2020-10-08 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | Method and device for analyzing tar-containing gas |
| JP7131460B2 (en) | 2019-03-29 | 2022-09-06 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | Analysis method and analysis device for tar-containing gas |
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