KR20100063297A - Automatic pallet changer - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: An auto pallet changer is provided to improve productivity and maintain the continuity of a task by removing the material which is completely processed and mounting new material. CONSTITUTION: An auto pallet changer comprises a base(100), pallets(200), and a standby part(300). The base is installed in a bed(2) of a machine tool(1). Rail bars of the base are installed in the longitudinal direction of the bed. The pallets have multiple guide rail grooves and a first hook. The pallets slides on the rail bar of the base through the guide rail grooves. The standby part comprises multiple standby rails, a second hook, and a towing transfer system. The standby rails are installed to correspond to the rail bar. The second hook is coupled with the first hook. The towing transfer system tows the second hook.

Description

Automatic Pallet Changer {Automatic Pallet Changer}

The present invention relates to an automatic pallet changer, and more particularly, to an automatic pallet changer that enables to change pallets automatically in a door-type machine tool.

In general, a door-type machine tool installs a material on a pallet and moves the above-described pallet to a processing area to process the material installed on the pallet.

The above-mentioned material is handled using various equipment as a heavy material. For example, in the related art, cranes and ropes are used when loading or unloading materials on pallets.

This conventional example is replaced with a new material after processing the material at this time there is a problem that the work time is wasted as much time necessary for the replacement of the material because the material processing is stopped during the replacement time.

As another example of replacing a conventional material, an automatic pallet changer (hereinafter abbreviated as "APC") using hydraulic equipment is known.

The conventional APC needs a space of a driving unit and a standby station for driving the APC, and in particular, the space occupied by the driving unit and the standby station has a problem that a lot of constraints are placed on the arrangement of the mechanical equipment.

In addition, the conventional APC has a complicated structure of a drive unit for driving the APC, the after-sales service (A / S) is not easy structure, and thus the after-sales service (A / S) is difficult and a lot of constraints in the design of mechanical equipment There is this.

Therefore, the technical problem to be achieved by the present invention is to have a plurality of pallets and even if the material installed on one pallet is being processed so that the material can be mounted on the other pallet so that the pallet is immediately after the processing of the material being processed in advance. It is an object of the present invention to provide an automatic pallet changer that can be automatically replaced and subsequently mounted material can be processed to improve productivity.

It is another object of the present invention to provide an automatic pallet changing device that can minimize the occupied space of the automatic pallet changing device to improve the utilization of the space and the stability of the work to improve the equipment operating efficiency of the machine tool.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide an automatic pallet changing device which makes it easier and easier to carry out after-sales service by simplifying minimally for changing pallets.

The technical problem to be achieved by the present invention is not limited to the technical problem mentioned above, another technical problem that is not mentioned can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description. There will be.

Automatic pallet exchange apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention for achieving the above technical problem, the base is installed on the bed of the machine tool and a plurality of rail bars are installed in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the bed; A pallet having a plurality of guide rail grooves formed to slide in the plurality of rail bars of the base and having a first hook at a side thereof; And a plurality of standby rails disposed at both sides of the bed and corresponding to the plurality of rail bars, and a second hook coupled to the first hook is installed, and a traction transfer system for towing the second hook is installed. Parts;

The base may further include a positioning cylinder having a positioning pin, and the pallet may include a positioning member installed at a position corresponding to the positioning pin.

In addition, the positioning cylinder and the positioning member may be a plurality of;

In addition, the first dog; is further provided below the positioning pin, the first and second sensors for detecting the lifting position of the first dog; may further include a.

The base may include a plurality of cylinders having a plurality of cylinder mounting grooves formed on an upper side thereof and installed in the plurality of cylinder mounting grooves to lift the cylinder rod; And a plurality of rail bars are installed on the cylinder rods of the plurality of cylinders.

The apparatus may further include a plurality of support bars installed on an upper side of the base to support the load of the pallet.

The apparatus may further include a plurality of auxiliary supporting bars installed at one side of the supporting bar to support the plurality of rail bars.

The apparatus may further include a plurality of first rollers installed on lower surfaces of the plurality of guide rail grooves and in contact with the plurality of rail bars or the upper sides of the plurality of standby rails.

The apparatus may further include a plurality of second rollers installed on the side surfaces of the guide rail grooves and contacting the rail bars or the side surfaces of the plurality of standby rails.

The apparatus may further include a switch disposed at an upper side of the base, the second dog disposed at a lower side of the pallet and detected by the switch.

In addition, the standby part, the transmission means for transmitting the power of the traction drive motor to the traction ball screw; And a traction block linearly moved by a traction nut block fastened to the traction ball screw and having the second hook installed therein.

In addition, a third dog provided on one side of the traction block; And third and fourth sensors installed at one side of the waiting part to detect the third dog and to detect the advance and backward positions of the second hooks.

Specific details of other embodiments are included in the detailed description and the drawings.

Automatic pallet exchange apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention made as described above can be equipped with a plurality of materials, can be processed in succession to another material immediately after any one material is processed, the processing is completed The material can be removed and loaded with new materials to maintain continuity of work, thereby increasing productivity.

In addition, it can be convenient to manufacture and install, especially after-sales service by optimizing the minimum components for pallet exchange.

In addition, the traction drive motor disposed to move the traction block may be installed inside the standby part without protruding to the outside, thereby reducing the space occupied by the automatic pallet changer.

Advantages and features of the present invention, and methods for achieving them will be apparent with reference to the embodiments described below in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout.

Hereinafter, an automatic pallet changer according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

1 and 2 are side view drawings and plan view drawings for explaining an example in which the automatic pallet changer is installed according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the automatic pallet changer according to the embodiment of the present invention is installed on one side of the machine tool 1.

The machine tool 1 may be, for example, a door-shaped machine tool, such a machine tool having a bed 2 at the center, a column 3 installed at both sides of the bed 2 in a vertical direction, and a column 3 In the front of the cross rail 4 is installed, the saddle 5 is installed in front of the cross rail 4 and the spindle 6 is disposed in the saddle (5).

The above-described cross rail 4 is elevated in the above-described column 3, the above-mentioned saddle 5 is linearly moved left and right in the above-described cross rail 4, and the above-described spindle 6 is described above. In the saddle 5 the lifting linear motion is performed.

Further, a tool T is mounted below the spindle 6 described above.

On the other hand, although not specifically shown in the drawings, an automatic tool changer ATC may be further installed, and the above-described tool T may be exchanged by such an automatic tool changer.

In addition, the above-mentioned bed 2 is provided with a base 100 and the base 100 is moved in an upward direction on the upper side of the bed 2 by the base transfer system 110, and stands on the side of the above-described bed 2. Part 300 is disposed.

1 and 2, the base drive motor 111 is installed on one side of the bed 2, and the base ball screw 112 is provided on the drive shaft of the base drive motor 111. As shown in FIG. ) Is installed, the nut block 113 is fastened to the base ball screw 112.

The nut block 113 described above is fixed to the lower side of the base 100 described above.

That is, the above-described base 100 is pulled and linearly moved by the driving of the base driving motor 111 described above.

The pallet 200 may be disposed above the base 100 as illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 5, and the pallet 200 may include a plurality of firsts as illustrated in FIGS. 2, 12, and 13. , The second pallets 200a and 200b.

The first pallet 200a and the second pallet 200b described above have the same configuration, but only the arrangement of the first hook 220 to be described later may be different from each other in the opposite directions.

Hereinafter, the configuration of the base 100 and the pallet 200 and the standby part 300 which are the main components of the automatic pallet changing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.

First, the configuration of the base 100 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 8.

The base 100 has a plurality of cylinder installation grooves 120 formed on the upper side, and the plurality of cylinders 130 are installed in the plurality of cylinder installation grooves 120 described above.

In particular, the plurality of cylinders 130 described above may be arranged in a double row.

In addition, a rail bar 150 may be installed on the cylinder rod 132 of the plurality of cylinders 130 described above, and the rail bar 150 may be elevated by driving the plurality of cylinders 130.

In addition, a plurality of support bars 140 may be installed above the base 100, and the plurality of support bars 140 may support the load of the pallet 200.

That is, the load of the pallet 200 mentioned above can be prevented from being directly applied to the some cylinder 130 mentioned above.

In addition, the auxiliary support bar 142 may be further installed on one side of the support bar 140 described above, and as shown in FIG. 6, the auxiliary support bar 142 may support the plurality of rail bars 150 described above. have.

3 to 5, 8, and 10, the positioning cylinder 162 may be provided on one side of the base 100, and the pallet 200 may include the positioning cylinder 162 described above. The positioning member 210 may be disposed at a corresponding position.

In addition, the above-described positioning cylinder 162 and the positioning member 210 may be arranged in plural, more specifically, may be provided in a diagonal direction as shown in FIG.

The above-described positioning cylinder 162 may be installed in the positioning installation groove 160 formed in the base 100, and the positioning pin 164 may be included.

In addition, the above-described positioning member 210 may be formed with a hole for accommodating the positioning pin 164, the positioning pin 164 is a positioning member when the above-mentioned positioning pin 164 is raised And the positioning pin 164 is released from the positioning member 210 when the positioning pin 164 is lowered.

That is, the position of the above-described base 100 and the above-described pallet 200 are determined by the driving of the above-described positioning cylinder 162 and bound together to limit the movement of the pallet 200.

In addition, as illustrated in FIG. 8, a first dog 166 may be further disposed below the positioning pin 164, and the first and second sensors may detect a lift position of the first dog 166. 168a and 168b may be further installed on one side of the base 100.

That is, the above-described first and second sensors 168a and 168b detect the rising position or the falling position of the positioning pin 164, and when a signal is detected by the first sensor 168a disposed above, the pallet 200 ) Is to check the state that is bound to the base 100, if the signal is detected from the second sensor 168b disposed on the lower side to check the state that the pallet 200 can be freely moved in the base 100 It can be.

3 to 5 and 9, the switch 170 may be installed above the base 100, and the switch 170 may correspond to the above-described switch 170 below the pallet 200. The second dog 270 may be installed at the position.

That is, even if the pallet 200 enters from the left side or the right side of the base 100, when the entry is completed, the second dog 270 detects the entry completion state by the switch 170.

Hereinafter, the configuration of the pallet 200 will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 3, 5, 7, 10, and 11.

The pallet 200 may include a plurality of guide rail grooves 230, and a first roller 242 or a second roller 252 may be installed in the guide rail groove 230.

In particular, the first roller mounting groove 240 may be formed on the bottom of the guide rail groove 230 described above, and the first roller 242 may be installed in the first roller mounting groove 240. Only a part of the 242 may protrude and most of the first roller 242 may be installed in a buried form.

In addition, the first roller 242 described above may be in contact with the rail bar 150 installed in the base 100 as shown in FIG. 6, and as shown in FIG. 14, the pallet 200 is provided with the standby part 300. When placed in contact with the standby rail 330 may be.

That is, the aforementioned first roller 242 distributes the load of the pallet 200 so that the pallet 200 can slide more smoothly.

In particular, the above-described rail bar 150 may be spaced apart from the first roller 242 when the cylinder 130 is in a contracted state, and the rail 150 may be formed when the cylinder 130 is extended. One roller 242 may abut.

In addition, as shown in FIGS. 7, 10, and 11, the second roller mounting groove 250 may be formed at the side of the guide rail groove 230 described above, and the second roller mounting groove 250 may have a second shape. The roller 252 may be installed.

In particular, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 11, the second roller 252 may be fitted into the shaft pin 254, and the shaft pin 254 may be installed in the second roller mounting groove 250, and the shaft pin may be installed. 254 may be installed in the form of being supported on the support piece (256).

The support piece 256 described above may be installed in the above-described second roller installation groove 250 by a fastening element such as a bolt.

In addition, the second roller 252 described above may be in contact with both side surfaces of the rail bar 150 installed in the base 100 as shown in FIG. 7, and as shown in FIG. 14, the pallet 200 is a standby part. When positioned at 300, it may abut both sides of the standby rail 330.

That is, the second roller 252 described above may guide the pallet 200 to be smoothly linearly moved without disturbing when the pallet 200 enters the base 100 or the standby part 300.

Hereinafter, the configuration of the standby part 300 will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 12 to 15.

12 and 13, the standby part 300 is disposed on both sides of the above-described bed 2, and in particular, the plurality of standby rails 330 are disposed at positions corresponding to the plurality of rail bars 150 described above. The second hook 320 is installed and is coupled with the first hook 220 as described above, and the traction feed system 340 is installed to pull the second hook 320 as described above.

The above-described standby part 300 may be arranged as a plurality of first second standby parts 300a and 300b, wherein the first standby part 300a and the second standby part 300b may be arranged in the same configuration. And only the direction in which the installation may be installed in the opposite direction to each other.

In addition, the above-mentioned traction transfer system 340 is provided to the above-mentioned traction ball screw 342 and the transmission means 342 which transmits the power of the chaff drive motor 341 to the traction ball screw 342 as shown in FIG. It comprises a towing block 310 which is linearly moved by the towing nut block 343 fastened and the second hook 320 is installed.

Especially. The driving motor 341 described above may be installed inside the standby part 300 so as not to be exposed to the outside, thereby minimizing the occupied space occupied by the standby part 300.

The above-described transmission means 342 may be an expansion transmission means such as a timing belt or a chain as an example.

In addition, as shown in FIGS. 12 and 14, a third dog 351 may be installed on one side of the traction block 310, and the third and fourth sensors 352a may be provided on one side of the standby part 300. ) 352b may be installed.

The third and fourth sensors 352a and 352b described above are installed to detect the third dog 351 as described above, and thus, the second and second hooks 320 may be detected.

As an example, the above-described third sensor 352a may be installed near the bed 2, and the above-described fourth sensor 352b may be installed away from the bed 2, thereby allowing the third sensor 352a to be installed. ) Detects the above-mentioned third dog 351, the second hook 320 is advanced, and if the above-mentioned third dog 351 is detected by the above-mentioned fourth sensor 352b The retracted state of the second hook 320 described above can be seen.

Hereinafter, the configuration of the first hook 220 and the second hook 320 will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 16.

As illustrated in FIG. 16, the first hook 220 may have a traction protrusion 222, and the longitudinal direction of the traction protrusion 222 may be formed in a direction parallel to the length direction of the bed 2 described above. .

In addition, the above-described second hook 320 may be formed with a traction groove 322 to accommodate the above-described inclined protrusion 222, in particular the longitudinal direction of the traction groove 322 is the bed 2 described above. It may be formed in a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of.

In addition, the edges of the traction protrusion 222 and the traction groove 322 may be formed in a tapered shape, whereby the above-described protrusion 222 and the traction groove 322 may be more easily engaged.

The operation of the automatic pallet changer according to an embodiment of the present invention configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 16.

Initially, the first pallet 200a or the second pallet 200b may be disposed in the first waiting part 300a or the second waiting part 300b, and on the other hand, the first pallet 200a) Alternatively, any one of the second pallets 200b may be disposed on the base 100.

In addition, the pallet 200 disposed on the base 100 may enter the processing area in which the tool T is located, and thus the material may be processed. Thus, when any one of the pallets 200 is in the processing area, In the consideration part 300, either one of the first waiting part 300a or the second waiting part 300b may be empty.

When a command to replace the pallet 200 is issued, the standby part 300 on the side where the pallet 200 is empty waits while the second hook 320 is advanced, and on the side where the pallet 200 exists. In the standby part 300, the second hook 320 is maintained in a retracted state.

Thereafter, the base 100 is moved toward the standby part 300 by the driving of the base feed system 110, and at this time, the pallet 200 is moved together by the movement of the base 100, and particularly, as shown in FIG. As described above, the first hook 220 provided on one side of the pallet 200 is engaged with the second hook 320 of the standby part 300.

The positioning pin 164 is then lowered by the operation of the positioning cylinder 162 at the base 100 and allows the pallet 200 to move freely at the base 100.

In addition, the cylinder 130 is operated to raise the rail bar 150 and the rail bar 150 is brought into contact with the first roller 242 by the rising of the rail bar 150.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 16A, the second hook 320 pulls the first hook 220 by the retraction operation of the traction transfer system 340, whereby the pallet 200 is connected to the rail bar 150. It slides from the upper side and is passed to the standby part 300.

At this time, since the rail bar 150 and the standby rail 330 are in a corresponding position, the guide rail groove 230 of the pallet 200 enters the standby rail 330 immediately after leaving the rail bar 150.

In addition, as described above, when the pallet 200 linearly moves on the rail bar 150 or the standby rail 330, the pallet 200 may be guided by the second roller 252 and moved while maintaining the straightness smoothly without distraction. have.

In addition, when the second hook 320 is retracted, the fourth sensor 352b detects the third dog 351 to determine completion of the retraction of the second hook 320.

That is, as described above, the pallet 200 is pulled toward the standby part 300 by the second hook 320 so that the pallet 200 is empty in the base 100.

As an example, in the state where the first pallet 200a is moved to the first waiting part 300a, the second pallet 200b may be mounted on the base 100 while leaving the second waiting part 300b.

When moving the pallet 200 toward the base 100, as shown in FIG. 15 (a), the traction feed system 340 is driven, and as shown in FIG. 16 (a), the second hook 320 is removed. 1, the hook 220 is pushed out and the pallet 200 may be passed from the standby rail 330 toward the rail bar 150, and in this case, the cylinder 130 may be raised in the base 100.

When the pallet 200 enters the base 100, the switch 170 may detect the first dog 166 to determine completion of the pallet 200.

Thereafter, the rail bar 150 is lowered by the driving of the cylinder 130 so that the pallet 200 is placed on the base 100.

In particular, the pallet 200 may be placed on the upper side of the support bar 140, thereby preventing the load applied from the pallet 200 is applied to the above-described cylinder 130 or the rail bar 150.

In addition, the positioning cylinder 162 may maintain the positioning pin 164 initially lowered and the positioning cylinder 162 may be activated when the detection signal is detected by the above-described switch 170.

As described above, the positioning cylinder 162 may be actuated to raise the positioning pins 164, thereby allowing the pallet 200 to be positioned at a precise position in the base 100 and in addition to the pallet 200. Can be prevented from flowing arbitrarily.

In particular, when the rising position or the falling position of the positioning pin 164 is detected by the first and second sensors 168a and 168b, when a signal is detected by the first sensor 168a disposed above, the base feed system ( 110 may be driven.

In addition, the above-described rail bar 150 may be mounted on the auxiliary support bar 142, thereby preventing the load of the rail bar 150 from being applied to the cylinder 130, causing the cylinder 130 to fail. Or abnormally shortened lifespan.

Subsequently, the base 100 is moved toward the machining area by driving the base feed system 110, and the first hook 220 is separated from the second hook 320 as shown in FIG. 16B. .

On the other hand, it is possible to mount the material on the upper side of the pallet 200 or to remove the material in the state in which the pallet 200 is arranged on the standby part 300, and thus, the machining of the machine tool 10 when the material is replaced. In the area, the processing of the material can be made.

That is, immediately after the processing of the material is completed, the pallet 200 can be exchanged immediately to enter the material directly into the processing area, thereby increasing the operating rate of the machine tool 10 to improve productivity.

In addition, in the state in which the pallet 200 is empty in the base 100 and the standby part 300, since most components are opened, after-sales service can be easily performed as accessibility is secured.

In addition, the automatic pallet changer according to an embodiment of the present invention may be additionally installed in a machine tool in which the automatic pallet changer is not installed, and the automatic pallet changer may be installed at the side of the bed 2. Factory automation can be implemented without incurring excessive costs.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains can understand that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without changing the technical spirit or essential features. will be.

Therefore, the embodiments described above are to be understood as illustrative and not restrictive in all respects, and the scope of the present invention is represented by the following detailed description, and the meaning and scope of the claims and All changes or modifications derived from the equivalent concept should be interpreted as being included in the scope of the present invention.

The automatic pallet changer according to an embodiment of the present invention can be used to provide a machine tool with a pallet installed on one side of the machine tool and mounted thereon.

1 and 2 are a side view and a plan view for explaining an example in which the automatic pallet changer is installed according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 3 is an exemplary view showing a state separated by extracting the base and the pallet in the automatic pallet changer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 4 is an exemplary view for explaining the configuration of the base in the automatic pallet changing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

5 is an exemplary view showing a plane and a side view taken by extracting the base and the pallet in the automatic pallet changing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

6 to 9 are detailed cross-sectional views of "A, B, C, D" in FIG.

10 and 11 are exemplary views for explaining the configuration of the pallet in the automatic pallet changer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

12 to 14 are a plan view, a front view and a side view for explaining the configuration of the standby part in the automatic pallet changer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

15 is an exemplary view for explaining the operation relationship of the standby part in the automatic pallet changer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

16 is an exemplary view for explaining the operation of the hook to move the pallet in the automatic pallet changer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

(Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawing)

1: machine tool 2: bed

3: column 4: cross rail

5: saddle 6: spindle

T: Tool

100: base 110: base feed system

111: base drive motor 112: base ball screw

113: nut block 120: cylinder mounting groove

130: cylinder 132: cylinder rod

140: support bar 142: auxiliary support bar

150: rail bar 152: mounting tab

160: positioning groove 162: positioning cylinder

164: positioning pin 166: first dog

168a, 168b: first and second sensors 170: switches

200: pallet 200a, 200b: first and second pallets

210: positioning member 220: first hook

222: towing protrusion

230: guide rail groove 240, 250: first and second roller mounting groove

242 and 252: first and second rollers 254: shaft pin

256: saucer 270: second dog

300: standby part 300a, 300b: 1st, 2nd waiting part

310: traction block 320: second hook

322: towing groove 330: waiting rail

340: traction feed system 341: traction drive motor

342: traction ball screw 343: traction nut block

351: third dog 352a, 352b: third, fourth sensor

Claims (5)

A base (100) installed in the bed (2) of the machine tool (1) and having a plurality of rail bars (150) installed in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the bed (2); A pallet (200) in which a plurality of guide rail grooves (230) are formed to slide in the plurality of rail bars (150) of the base (100) and a first hook (220) is installed on the side; And The second hook 320 disposed on both sides of the bed 2 and provided with a plurality of standby rails 330 at a position corresponding to the plurality of rail bars 150 and coupled with the first hook 220 is provided. Stand-by part 300 is installed and the traction transfer system (340) for pulling the second hook 320 is installed; Automatic pallet exchange device comprising a. The method of claim 1, The base 100 is further provided with a positioning cylinder 162 having a positioning pin 164, The pallet 200, the positioning member 210 is installed at a position corresponding to the positioning pin 164; Automatic pallet exchange device further comprising. 3. The method of claim 2, A first dog 166 is further provided below the positioning pin 164, First and second sensors 168a and 168b for detecting a lifting position of the first dog 166; Automatic pallet exchange device further comprising. The method of claim 1, The waiting part 300, Transmission means 342 for transmitting power of the traction drive motor 341 to the traction ball screw 342; And A traction block 310 linearly moved by a traction nut block 343 fastened to the traction ball screw 342 and having the second hook 320 installed therein; Automatic pallet exchange device comprising a. The method of claim 4, wherein A third dog 351 installed on one side of the towing block 310; And Third and fourth sensors 352a and 352b installed on one side of the standby part 300 to detect the third dog 351 to detect the advance and backward positions of the second hooks 320; Automatic pallet exchange device comprising a.

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