KR20090129003A - Mooring apparatus for a floating structure using weights - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A floating-type structure mooring apparatus using a weight body is provided to cancel the increased tension of an inclined cable and tension parallel between the inclined cable and a perpendicular cable. CONSTITUTION: A floating-type structure mooring apparatus(1) using a weight body comprises a plurality of pulleys(20), a plurality of cables(30), and a plurality of weight bodies(40). The pulleys are rotatably installed in the lower end of a main body part(10) equipped with a floating space(12). Each cable respectively hangs on each pulley. One-sided end portion of each cable is respectively connected to the anchor(35) of the sea bottom. Each weight body is connected to the other-sided end portion of each cable. Each weight body supplies binding force corresponding to the buoyancy of the main body part through the cables. Even when the water level of the sea surface changes, the tension of the cables is regularly kept through the up/down movement of the weight bodies.

Description

Mooring Apparatus For A Floating Structure Using Weights}

The present invention relates to an apparatus for mooring a floating structure at sea, and more particularly, a stable constant mooring force without an active control device in response to even mooring the floating structure using gravity of a weight. It relates to a floating structure mooring apparatus using a weight to obtain.

In general, bridges for connecting islands far from land in the sea, dolphin-type eyepieces or breakwaters are structures installed at sea and are usually made of reinforced concrete.

Such marine structures are used in the production of various marine structures because floating structures floating on the sea surface are very advantageous in terms of city parks, rather than gravity structures that are self-supporting by their own weight.

As shown in FIG. 1, the floating structure 200 is floating on the sea surface with a part of the main body 210 submerged in the sea surface, and a floating space for providing buoyancy to the structure therein ( 212) is provided and the mooring device 220 is provided to prevent the rolling by the waves.

Such a conventional floating structure 200 is produced by each unit unit (210a) in advance in the land production site close to the coast using a concrete material, and then launched to the sea using a crane (not shown), etc. As shown in FIG. 2, the unit units 210a may be gradually extended to form a structure connected to each other.

Alternatively, each of the floating concrete unit units 210a may be manufactured in a dry dock facing the sea, and then the floodgates of the dry dock may be filled to fill the seawater, and the unit units 210a may be launched into the sea, respectively. The concrete unit units 210 may be connected to each other for a long time, and the main body 210 may be constructed as one structure. Alternatively, a large floating dock (not shown) is floated at sea, and each floating concrete unit unit 210a is fabricated in the floating dock, and then the floating dock is submerged to some extent and floated. The concrete concrete unit units 210a may be connected to each other to be long.

Meanwhile, the mooring device 220 provided in the conventional floating structure uses a conventional cable or chain 222, and connects a plurality of cables or chains 222 to the lower portion of the floating structure, and ends thereof. It is fixed to the anchor (anchor) 225 to prevent the rolling due to the wave, such a conventional mooring device 220 is difficult to properly respond to the water level change due to the difference between the wave or tidal current generated at sea .

For example, in the conventional mooring device 220, one end of the cable or chain 222 is fixed to the lower end of the body portion 210 of the floating structure, the other end is fixed to the anchor 225, in Figure 1 As shown by the dotted line, when the water level is lowered due to the difference between tides, the position of the floating structure 200 is lowered, so that the cable or chain 222 sags downward and sags, and thus the floating structure 200 is lowered. The position of is changed and it is difficult to obtain a stable mooring effect.

In addition, when the sea level rises, the floating structure 200 rises together with the sea level. In this case, the tension of the cable or the chain 222 becomes excessive, and there is a fear of breaking. Therefore, in order to prevent this, when designing the cable or chain 222 and the anchor 225, it is difficult to build a stable offshore floating structure 200, as well as the rise of the city park street by designing the excess tolerance greatly. This was to be.

The present invention is to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, the object is to respond to the high and low of the sea level, the floating tension by appropriately adjusting the tension, position and front and rear balance of the cable without active control of the cable It is to provide a floating structure mooring device using a weight body that can obtain a stable mooring force of the structure.

And another object of the present invention is to provide a floating structure mooring apparatus using a weight body that can be accurately structured design to build a safe offshore floating structure without requiring excessive design margin when designing a cable.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an apparatus for mooring a floating structure on the sea,

A plurality of pulleys (pulley) rotatably mounted on a lower end of the main body provided with a floating space therein;

A plurality of cables which are respectively hooked to the pulleys, one end of which is connected to an anchor on the sea bottom; And

A plurality of weight bodies connected to the other end of the cable to provide a restraining force corresponding to the buoyancy of the main body portion through the cable, and include a cable even when the sea level is changed even by the vertical movement of the weight body. It provides a floating structure mooring apparatus using a weight body characterized in that the tension of the constant is maintained.

In addition, the present invention is preferably the anchor is positioned to both sides of the main body portion at a predetermined distance and are arranged as an inclined cable from the anchor to the pulley, the inclined cable is spaced apart from the weight of the vertical cable extending from the pulley It provides a floating structure mooring device using a weight body.

And the present invention is preferably arranged in the inclined cable of the X-type inclined from the anchor to the pulley located on both sides directly below the main body, respectively, from the anchor to the opposite side of the main body, the X-shaped warp The photo cable provides a floating structure mooring apparatus using a weight body, wherein each of the photo cables is spaced apart from the weight body connected through the vertical cable from the pulley.

In another aspect, the present invention preferably provides a floating structure mooring apparatus using a weight, characterized in that the pulley is located at a predetermined interval in the longitudinal direction of the main body portion so that the inclined cables of the X-type do not catch each other.

And the present invention preferably provides a floating structure mooring apparatus using a weight, characterized in that the anchor is any one of a gravity anchor, earth anchor (earth anchor) and anchor filled with a dead stone in a sinker block (sinker block). do.

According to the floating structure mooring apparatus using the weight according to the present invention, the main body portion is raised and lowered along the cable caught on the pulley in response to the high and low of the sea level. That is, when the sea level rises and the buoyancy applied to the main body portion increases, the main body portion rises and the tension is increased to the inclined cable portion extending from the anchor to the pulley to pull the weight. Accordingly, the weight is raised while reducing the length of the vertical cable extending from the pulley to the weight, thereby releasing the increased tension of the inclined cable, and making the tension parallel between the inclined cable and the vertical cable.

On the contrary, when the sea level is lowered and the buoyancy applied to the main body becomes smaller, the main body lowers its height according to the water level and reduces the tension on the inclined cable portion leading from the anchor to the pulley and moves the weight downward. do. Therefore, while the weight is lowered, while increasing the length of the vertical cable from the pulley to the weight body to prevent the inclination of the inclined cable, tension parallel between the inclined cable and the vertical cable is made.

Therefore, the present invention automatically adjusts the tension of the cable, the cable position, the left and right and front and rear balance of the cable in response to the buoyancy of the body portion while moving the weight body up and down according to the height change of the sea surface. Through such a process, the present invention can always obtain a stable constant mooring force by automatically adjusting the cable without having a separate active control means in response to the high and low sea level.

In addition, since the present invention can control the cable tension and the cable sagging according to the sea level, it is possible to design a precise structure without requiring excessive design margin when designing the cable, thereby providing a structurally stable off-shore floating structure It can be built.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

The present invention is a device for mooring the position of the water from the sea level or the wave does not move by using the weight, as shown in Figure 2a, b.

Floating structure mooring apparatus 1 using a weight according to the present invention has a plurality of pulleys (20) rotatably mounted on the lower end of the body portion 10 provided with a floating space 12 therein. . Each of the plurality of pulleys 20 is connected to the anchor 35 and the pulley 20 by the cable 30 is caught, respectively, the cable 30 is the diameter of the anchor 35 through the pulley 20 It is divided into the photo cable 32a and the vertical cable 32b by the weight body 40 side, respectively, and is mutually switched.

As shown in FIG. 2B, the pulley 20, the cable 30, the anchor 35, and the weight body 40 mounted on the lower surface of the main body 10 may include a plurality of unit units. According to the length of the main body portion 10 consisting of 10a) are respectively installed on the seabed forming a plurality of sets. Through such a structure, the unit units 10a may be connected as a plurality of long pieces at sea to be constructed as one large structure.

And the present invention is an anchor (35) used to fix the cable 30 is a gravity anchor (35a) filled with a sandstone in a conventional sinker block (sinker block), or an earth anchor (earth anchor fixed by being embedded in the sea bottom) (Not shown) or any one of the anchors 35c, one end of the cable 30 is firmly fixed to a certain position of the seabed, it is a structure that can be moved if necessary.

In addition, the weight body 40 is mounted on the opposite end of each of the cable 30 is to serve as a weight (weight), respectively, is connected to the other end of the cable 30 is connected to the main body through the cable (30) The restraining force corresponding to the buoyancy force of 10), that is, gravity is provided to the main body part 10.

In the structure of the present invention, the anchor 35 serves as a fixed support point, the plurality of weights 40 are respectively suspended on the cable 30 to move up and down while moving the support point for restraining the cable 30 It will play the role of. Therefore, in order to build a stable offshore support structure of the body portion 10 through the structure of the present invention as described above, the weight of the anchor 35 side is significantly greater than the weight body 40, even in the vertical movement of the weight body 40 Nevertheless, it can be seen that one end of the cable 30 must be firmly supported in place.

In the present invention, as shown in Figures 2a, b, the anchor 35 is located at a predetermined distance off both sides of the main body portion 10 which is buoyant, and thus the pulley 20 from the anchor 35 ) Is disposed as an inclined cable 32a, and the inclined cable 32a is spaced apart from the weight 40 of the vertical cable 32b which extends from the pulley 20. Through such a spaced structure, the inclined cable 32a in a state of being always tensioned does not prevent the lifting and lowering of the weight 40.

In addition, due to the structure of the inclined cable 32a, as shown in FIG. 3, the horizontal component Fh of the tension F1 of the inclined cable 32a causes the main body 10 to move left or right. The main body 10 is fixed at a fixed position so as to correspond to the horizontal load V. FIG.

3 shows the fluctuating position of the floating structure mooring apparatus 1 using the weight 40 according to the present invention.

In FIG. 3A, the dotted line indicates an average sea level height h1, and the solid line indicates an elevated sea level height h2, and the main body 10 is elevated while receiving a large buoyancy. That is, when the sea level rises and the sea level difference Δh1 occurs, the buoyancy applied to the body portion 10 becomes larger than the average sea level height h1, and the body portion 10 rises due to the increased buoyancy. While increasing the tension (F1) of the inclined cable (32a) portion leading from the anchor 35, which restrains the position of the main body portion 10 to the pulley 20, and pulls the weight 40.

Therefore, the increased tension F1 on the inclined cable 32a side is transmitted to the vertical cable 32b side connected to the weight body 40 through each pulley 20, and the weight body 40 is pulled up while being pulled up. Reduces the length of the vertical cable 32b extending from the 20 to the weight 40, and relieves the increased tension on the inclined cable 32a side, thereby reducing the tension F1 and the vertical cable of the inclined cable 32a. The parallel between the tensions F2 of 32b is achieved.

In this case, the vertical component force Fv of the tension F1 applied to the inclined cable 32a side and the tension F2 applied to the vertical cable 32b side are equal to each other, and the sum of the forces is equal to the main body portion ( It corresponds to the buoyancy force (F3) applied to 10).

And as the main body 10 is raised, the length l1 of the inclined cable 32a portion increases, and the length l2 on the side of the vertical cable 32b on which the weight 40 is suspended decreases. In this case, in order to accommodate the sea level difference Δh1, the length l2 of the vertical cable 32b on which the weight 40 is suspended is changed in the length of the vertical cable 32b due to the sea level difference Δh1. It can be seen that it has to be long enough to accommodate (Δl1).

On the other hand, as shown in Figure 3b, when the sea level height h3 shown by the solid line from the average sea level height h1 shown by the dotted line, the sea level difference (Δh2) occurs, the average sea level height ( The buoyancy applied to the body portion 10 becomes smaller than that of the h1), and the body portion 10 is lowered along the sea level height h3. Accordingly, the weight 40 is moved downward while the tension F1 of the inclined cable 32a portion extending from the anchor 35 that restrains the position of the main body 10 to the pulley 20 is reduced.

That is, the lowered tension F1 on the inclined cable 32a side is transmitted to the vertical cable 32b side connected to the weight body 40 through each pulley 20, and the weight body 40 is lowered while the pulley ( The tension cable F of the inclined cable 32a and the vertical cable while extending the length l2 of the vertical cable 32b extending from 20) to the weight 40 and preventing the inclination of the inclined cable 32a side. The parallel between the tensions F2 of 32b is achieved.

Even in this case, the vertical component force Fv of the tension F1 applied to the inclined cable 32a and the tension F2 applied to the vertical cable 32b are equally balanced with each other. It corresponds to the buoyancy force F3 applied to the main body part 10. In addition, as the main body 10 is lowered, the length l1 of the inclined cable 32a portion is shortened so as not to be stretched, and the length l2 on the side of the vertical cable 32b on which the weight body 40 is suspended becomes longer. do.

As described above, the present invention automatically adjusts the cable 30 in response to the buoyancy force F3 of the main body portion 10 while the weight 40 moves up and down according to the change in the sea level difference Δh1 (Δh2). Achieve. That is, the tension of the cable 30 is accommodated, the position of the cable 30 is adjusted, and the left and right and front and rear balance adjustment of the main body 10 is automatically performed, so that no separate active control method is required. In addition, according to the present invention, the cable 30 can always obtain a stable constant mooring force corresponding to the high and low of the sea level.

Reference numeral? Denotes an inclination angle of the inclined cable 32a.

4 shows a modified structure of the floating structure mooring apparatus 1 'using the weight 40 according to the present invention.

In this modified structure, the basic principle of the present invention as shown in Figure 2, but most of the basic principle is consistent, but the position of the anchor 35, the position of the pulley 20 and the cable ( The progress path of 30) is arranged differently.

First, each of the plurality of anchors 35 is positioned on both sides of the body portion 10 directly below and inclined from the anchor 35 to the pulley 20 positioned on the opposite side of the body portion 10, respectively. . That is, in the structure of FIG. 2, the plurality of anchors 35 are located far apart on both sides of the main body 10, and a cable is connected to the pulley 20 closer to the anchor 35, but the structure of FIG. In the structure, the anchors 35 are positioned so as not to deviate far from both sides directly below the main body 10, respectively, and are inclined from the anchors 35 to the pulleys 20 located on the opposite side of the main body 10 to form an X type. Leads to the structure of

Therefore, even in such a deformed structure, the X-shaped inclined cables 32a are spaced apart from the weight 40 which is connected from the pulley 20 through the vertical cable 32b.

Such a deformed structure has advantages in that the overall length of the cable 30 is shortened compared to the structure of FIG. 2 and the construction range of the sea bottom is reduced. In the structure shown in FIG. 2, the plurality of anchors 35 are located far apart on both sides of the main body 10 so that the construction range of the sea bottom is increased, and the cable 30 is widened to the left and right sides of the main body 10. Structure. Therefore, the maintenance range of the cable 30 after construction is also increased, but in the modified structure of FIG. 4, only maintenance of the cable 30 in the reduced range is required, which is advantageous in terms of maintenance.

In addition, the modified structure of the present invention, as shown in Figure 4b is a structure in which the pulley 20 is located at a predetermined distance (d) apart in the longitudinal direction of the body portion 10, due to such a structure in the rise and fall of sea level Therefore, even when the length adjustment and position change of the X-shaped inclined cable 32a are made, the X-shaped inclined cable 32a is not rubbed with each other and its length and position are adjusted. Meanwhile, in FIG. 4B, the spacing d of the pulley 20 spaced apart from each other in the longitudinal direction of the main body 10 is largely illustrated. However, this is for clarity of the structural description. It is acceptable if the sizes 32a) can be spaced apart without being rubbed against each other.

In such a modified structure of the present invention, when the sea level is higher and the sea level is higher than the average sea level height, the buoyancy applied to the main body portion 10 becomes large, and the main body portion 10 rises due to the increased buoyancy. While increasing the tension (F1) of the X-shaped inclined cable (32a) restraining the position of the main body portion 10 and pulling the weight 40.

Therefore, the increased tension F1 on the X-shaped inclined cable 32a pulls the vertical cable 32b through each pulley 20, and the weight 40 is raised while the X-shaped inclined cable 32a is pulled up. The tension F1 on the side is eliminated so that the parallel between the tension F1 of the X-shaped inclined cable 32a and the tension cable F2 of the vertical cable 32b is achieved.

Even in this case, the vertical component force Fv of the tension F1 on the inclined cable 32a side of the X-type and the tension F2 on the side of the vertical cable 32b are equally adjusted, and the sum of the forces Corresponds to the buoyancy force F3 applied to the body portion 10.

As the main body portion 10 is raised, the length of the X-shaped inclined cable 32a portion increases, and the length of the vertical cable 32b side on which the weight body 40 is suspended decreases. The vertical movement of 40 is not to be disturbed by the inclined cable 32a of the X type, and the length of the vertical cable 32b on which the weight 40 is suspended is the length of the vertical cable 32b due to this sea level difference. It can be seen that the length should be long enough to accommodate the change in length.

On the contrary, when the sea level is lowered, the buoyancy applied to the body portion 10 becomes smaller than the average sea level height, so that the body portion 10 is lowered along the sea level. Even in such a case, the floating structure mooring apparatus 1 ′ using the weight 40 according to the present invention has the weight 40 lowered as the main body 10 is lowered, so that the inclined cable 32a of the X type is lowered. The length of the part) is shortened so as not to hang, and the length of the side of the vertical cable 32b on which the weight 40 is suspended becomes long.

As described above, according to the present invention, the main body 10 moves up and down along the cable 30 caught on the pulley 20 in response to the high and low sea level. That is, when the sea level rises and the buoyancy applied to the main body portion 10 increases, the weight 40 rises to solve the increased tension of the inclined cable 32a, and the inclined cable 32a and the vertical cable ( The tension parallel between 32b) is achieved. On the contrary, when the sea level is lowered and the buoyancy applied to the main body portion 10 becomes smaller, the weight 40 is lowered and pulls the inclined cable 32a while preventing the sag, and the inclined cable 32a and The tension parallel between the vertical cables 32b is achieved.

As described above, according to the present invention, the weight 40 moves upward and downward in accordance with the change in the height of the sea level, corresponding to the buoyancy of the main body 10, the tension of the cable 30, the position of the cable 30, and the main body 10. Actively balance the left, right and front and rear of the body.

Therefore, according to the present invention, the cable 30 is automatically adjusted automatically in response to the high and low water level, thereby obtaining an effect of always obtaining a stable constant mooring force. In addition, the present invention is possible to adjust the tension of the cable 30 according to the sea level as described above and to prevent the stretching, it is possible to design and construct the correct structure without the need for excessive design margin when designing the cable. Therefore, it is possible to construct structurally stable floating structures in the sea according to the fluctuations in the sea level.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to such a specific structure. Those skilled in the art will be able to variously modify or change the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as set forth in the claims below. In particular, simple modifications of the angle of the inclined cable, the number of anchors and the structures can be easily made, but it is to be clarified in advance that modifications or design variations of such a simple embodiment are all clearly within the scope of the present invention.

1 is a view showing a floating structure mooring apparatus according to the prior art,

a is a sectional view forward, b is a side view;

Figure 2 is a view showing a floating structure mooring apparatus using a weight according to the present invention, a is a cross-sectional view, b is a side view;

3 is a view showing the operation state according to the sea level change of the floating structure mooring apparatus using the weight according to the present invention, a degree when the sea level is increased, b degree when the sea level is lowered;

Figure 4 is a view showing a modified structure of the floating structure mooring apparatus using a weight according to the present invention, a is a cross-sectional view, b is a side view.

<Description of Symbols for Major Parts of Drawings>

1,1 '..... Floating structure mooring apparatus using the weight according to the present invention

10 ..... Main body 12 ..... Floating space

20 ..... Pulley 30 ..... Cable

32a .... beveled cable 32b ..... vertical cable

35 ..... anchor 35a .... gravity anchor

35c .... anchor 40 ..... weight

200 ..... conventional floating structure 210 ..... main body

210a .... Unit Unit 212 ..... Floating Space

220 ..... Conventional mooring device 222 ..... Cable or chain

225 ..... anchor

h1 ..... average sea level height h2 ..... elevated sea level height

h3 ..... Sea level lowered △ h1, △ h2 .... Sea level difference

F1 ..... beveled cable tension F2 ..... vertical cable tension

Fh ..... Horizontal Components Fv ..... Vertical Components

F3 ..... buoyancy l1 ..... beveled cable length

l2 ..... Vertical cable length △ l1, △ l2 .... Vertical cable length change

θ ..... inclination angle of inclined cable

Claims (5)

An apparatus for mooring a floating structure at sea, A plurality of pulleys (pulley) rotatably mounted to the lower end of the body portion provided with a floating space therein; A plurality of cables which are respectively hooked to the pulleys, one end of which is connected to an anchor on the sea bottom; And A plurality of weight bodies connected to the other end of the cable to provide a restraining force corresponding to the buoyancy of the main body portion through the cable, and include a cable even when the sea level is changed even by the vertical movement of the weight body. Floating structure mooring device using a weight, characterized in that the tension of the constant is maintained. The method of claim 1, wherein the anchors are located at both sides of the main body portion at a predetermined distance from each other and are arranged as inclined cables from the anchor to the pulley, wherein the inclined cable is spaced apart from the weight of the vertical cable extending from the pulley. Floating structure mooring device using a weight body characterized in that. The inclined cable of claim 1, wherein the anchors are disposed on both sides directly under the main body and are inclined from each other to the pulleys respectively inclined from the anchor to the pulleys located opposite the main body. The cable is a floating structure mooring device using a weight, characterized in that each of the cables are separated from the weight connected through the vertical cable from the pulley. 4. The floating structure mooring apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the pulleys are positioned at regular intervals in the longitudinal direction of the main body so that the inclined cables of the X type are not caught with each other. According to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the anchor is any one of a gravity anchor, earth anchor (earth anchor) and the anchor filled with a sandstone in the sinker block (sinker block) Floating Structure Mooring System.

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