KR20080042226A - Environment friendly gardening pot - Google Patents
Environment friendly gardening pot Download PDFInfo
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- KR20080042226A KR20080042226A KR1020060110334A KR20060110334A KR20080042226A KR 20080042226 A KR20080042226 A KR 20080042226A KR 1020060110334 A KR1020060110334 A KR 1020060110334A KR 20060110334 A KR20060110334 A KR 20060110334A KR 20080042226 A KR20080042226 A KR 20080042226A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/27—Pulp, e.g. bagasse
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/021—Pots formed in one piece; Materials used therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
- A01G9/0291—Planting receptacles specially adapted for remaining in the soil after planting
Abstract
Description
본 발명은 농업용, 원예용 작물 및 화훼작물 등의 재배에 사용하는 환경 친화형 육묘포트에 관한 것으로, 자연계에서 박테리아, 곰팡이 등의 미생물에 의해 물, 이산화탄소 등의 저분자 화합물로 완전 분해될 수 있으며, 분해가 진행이 되면서 작물에 유기 영양원을 제공할 수 있는 환경친화형 육묘포트에 관한 것이다. 더욱 구체적으로 본 발명은 전분, 볏짚, 왕겨, 톱밥, 목분, 펄프, 커피박 등 식물성 성분을 주원료로 하고; 잔탄검, 카라기난, 로진, 펙틴, 알긴산, 카제인, 한천, 아교, 우뭇가사리 추출물을 포함하는 결착제; 탄산칼슘, 탈크, 제올라이트, 점토를 포함하는 광물질; 기타 강도보완을 위한 목재펄프, 갈대펄프, 콘파이버, 탈묵펄프, 볏짚, 왕겨, 톱밥, 커피박, 옥수수대; 용기성형 후 금형으로부터 탈착을 용이하게 하고 내수성을 보완해주는 지방산, 동식물성 유지, 파라핀, 밀랍, 미네랄 오일, 왁스를 추가로 사용하여 제조한 환경 친화형 육묘포트에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to an environment-friendly seedling pot used for the cultivation of agricultural, horticultural crops and flower crops, and can be completely decomposed into low-molecular compounds such as water and carbon dioxide by microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi in nature. As the decomposition progresses, the present invention relates to an environmentally friendly seedling pot capable of providing organic nutrients to crops. More specifically, the present invention is based on vegetable ingredients such as starch, rice straw, rice husk, sawdust, wood flour, pulp, coffee foil, etc .; Binders, including xanthan gum, carrageenan, rosin, pectin, alginic acid, casein, agar, glue, loot extract; Minerals including calcium carbonate, talc, zeolites, clays; Wood pulp, reed pulp, corn fiber, deinking pulp, rice straw, rice husk, sawdust, coffee gourd, corn cob for other strength supplements; The present invention relates to an environmentally friendly seedling pot manufactured by using fatty acids, animal and vegetable fats, paraffins, beeswax, mineral oils and waxes to facilitate desorption from molds and supplement water resistance after container molding.
환경 친화형 기능성 육묘포트는 작물을 본포에 이식할 때 포트내의 뿌리 근권환경인 토양과 함께 그대로 이식이 가능하여 뿌리를 손상시키지 않기 때문에 옮겨심기에 의한 일시적인 생장 저해를 받지 않는 장점이 있으며, 작물의 본포 이식시에 발생될 수 있는 외부 유해 미생물 오염 기회를 차단함에 따라 작물 생장이 안정될 수 있다. 또한 뿌리가 생장함에 따라 포트가 분해되어 토양의 물리적 성질을 개선할 뿐만 아니라, 포트 재료 그 자체가 유기물로써 영양 성분을 공급하게 되어 작물의 안정적 성장 효과를 기대할 수 있다.Environmentally-friendly functional seedlings can be transplanted together with the soil, which is the root-root environment of the roots, so that the roots are not damaged. Crop growth can be stabilized by blocking opportunities for external harmful microbial contamination that may occur during transplantation. In addition, as the roots grow, the pot is decomposed to improve the physical properties of the soil, and the pot material itself supplies nutrients as an organic material, so that a stable growth effect of the crop can be expected.
현재까지 비닐하우스에서 육묘포트는 가격이 저렴한 폴리에틸렌(PE), 폴리스티렌(PS) 육묘포트를 사용하며, 플라스틱 육묘포트에 상토를 넣고 작물이 어느 정도 성장을 하면 본포에 이식을 하는데, 기존에 사용되어온 포트의 유묘(幼苗)를 본포에 이식한 후 며칠 정도는 성장 장애가 있으며 또한 기비(基肥)를 별도로 시비(施肥)하여야 한다. 유묘를 본포에 이식한 후의 육묘포트는 자연계에서 분해가 되지 않기 때문에 수거해야 하며, 수거과정에서 인력과 비용이 소모되고, 또한 옮겨심기 과정에서 유묘의 뿌리가 손상되어 작물의 성장장애를 일으켜 회복하는데 상당한 시일이 필요하다. So far, seedling pots are made of low-cost polyethylene (PE) and polystyrene (PS) seedling pots in plastic houses.They put top soil in plastic seedling pots, and when they grow to some extent, they are transplanted to the main fabric. Several days after transplanting the seedlings of the port into the main fabric, there is a growth disorder, and the fertilization should be applied separately. Seedlings after transplanting seedlings to the main fabric should be collected because they are not decomposed in the natural world, and the labor and cost are lost during the harvesting process. Considerable seal is required.
또한 수거된 종래의 플라스틱 포트는 자연계에서 분해가 되는데 300년 이상 소요되는 난분해성 공해물질이며, 소각시에는 환경호르몬, 다이옥신 생성 등 2차 오염물질이 발생되어 환경오염을 가중시키게 되는 문제점이 있다. In addition, the collected conventional plastic pot is a hardly decomposable pollutant that takes more than 300 years to be decomposed in nature, and when incinerated, secondary pollutants such as environmental hormones and dioxins are generated, thereby increasing the environmental pollution.
이러한 제반 문제를 해결하기 위한 방법으로 사용시에는 플라스틱 제품과 외관 및 물리적 특성, 기계적 물성이 유사하여 일반 플라스틱처럼 사용할 수 있고 사용 후 폐기시에는 자연계 물질순환 사슬에 포함될 수 있는 환경친화적인 생분해성 육묘포트에 관한 연구 개발이 다양하게 이루어지고 있다. As a way to solve these problems, the environmentally friendly biodegradable seedling pot can be used as a general plastic because it has similar appearance, physical properties, and mechanical properties to plastic products, and can be included in the natural material circulation chain when used and disposed of. There is a lot of research and development on.
이와 관련하여 한국 특허 출원 제2003-11480호에는 왕겨, 옥수수대, 갈대, 볏짚 등과 분화, 제충국, EDTA와 킬레이트화 무기영양성분, 일라이트를 이용한 생분해성 육묘포트가 기재되어 있다. 한국 특허 출원 제2002-48636호에는 의료용 폐젤라틴, 톱밥, 쌀겨, 석분 등을 주재료로 하고 알데히드 케톤류에 침지하여 가교결합을 일으켜 경화 처리한 기능성 종묘용 포트 제조방법 등 다수가 있다. 이들은 대부분 일반적인 천연소재, 영양성분을 함유한 것이나, 분해되는 기간이 길어 본포 이식 후에 작물의 뿌리성장을 저해하고, 가격 경쟁력이 적어 산업상의 이용가능성이 나쁜 단점이 있다. In this regard, Korean Patent Application No. 2003-11480 describes biodegradable seedling pots using differentiation of rice hulls, corn stalks, reeds, rice straws, etc., Pyrethrum, EDTA and chelated inorganic nutrients, and illite. In Korean Patent Application No. 2002-48636, there are a number of methods for producing functional seedling pots which are cured by crosslinking by immersion in aldehyde ketones as main materials, such as medical waste gelatin, sawdust, rice bran, and stone meal. Most of them contain general natural materials and nutrients, but have a long decomposition period, which hinders root growth of crops after transplantation, and has a low price competitiveness, and thus has poor industrial availability.
이러한 종래 기술의 문제점들을 해결하기 위하여 예의 노력한 결과, 순수 천연물을 주원료로 사용하여 기존의 용기 등 성형품의 단점을 보강하여 강도, 외관, 내수성, 발포성, 강도, 유연성, 경제성 등이 우수하며, 발포된 육묘포트로 보습효과가 있으며, 작물 이식 후 뿌리 활착율 증가 및 미생물에 의해 완전히 분해가 되며, 생산성 및 가격 경쟁력이 있어 산업상 이용이 용이한 환경친화형 육묘포트를 개발하여 본 발명을 완성하기에 이르렀다.As a result of diligent efforts to solve the problems of the prior art, it is excellent in strength, appearance, water resistance, foamability, strength, flexibility, economic efficiency by reinforcing the disadvantages of molded products such as the existing container using pure natural products as the main raw material, foamed It has a moisturizing effect as a seedling pot, and it is completely decomposed by microorganisms after increasing the root growth rate after planting, and has developed the environment-friendly seedling pot which is easy to use industrially because of productivity and price competitiveness. .
본 발명의 환경친화형 육묘포트는 국내 유기농 생산물의 가장 큰 문제점인 초기 묘목의 병충해 방지, 성장묘목 및 유실의 품질 향상, 사용한 육묘포트의 분리제거 작업을 해결할 수 있다. Environmentally friendly seedling pot of the present invention can solve the pests of early seedlings, the quality of growth seedlings and oil loss, the separation and removal of the used seedling pots, which is the biggest problem of domestic organic production.
본 발명은 밀짚, 볏짚, 옥수수대, 커피박, 톱밥 등 식물체를 사용한 육묘 포트류에 비해 성형성, 강도 및 유연성이 우수하고, 제조원가가 저렴하여 실용화가 용이하며, 토양에서 신속하게 분해되고, 또한 작물 초기 성장에 필요한 영양물질의 지속적 공급이 가능한 육묘포트를 제공함에 그 목적이 있다.The present invention has excellent moldability, strength and flexibility compared to seedling pots using plants such as straw, rice straw, corn stalks, coffee gourds, sawdust, etc. The purpose is to provide a seedling pot capable of continuously supplying nutrients necessary for the initial growth of crops.
이러한 본 발명의 목적은, 하기의 단계를 포함하는 본 발명의 방법에 의해 달성된다:This object of the present invention is achieved by the method of the present invention comprising the following steps:
(A) 물과 목재펄프, 갈대펄프, 콘파이버, 탈묵펄프, 볏짚, 왕겨, 톱밥, 커피박, 옥수수대 등 식물성 성분 중 하나 이상을 포함하는 강도보강제를 믹서로 파쇄 및 혼합하는 단계;(A) crushing and mixing the water reinforcing agent containing at least one of vegetable components such as wood pulp, reed pulp, corn fiber, deinking pulp, rice straw, rice husk, sawdust, coffee gourd, corn cob, etc. with a mixer;
(B) 상기 혼합물에 전분; 잔탄검, 카라기난, 로진, 펙틴, 알긴산, 카제인, 한천, 아교, 우뭇가사리 추출물 중 하나 이상을 포함하는 천연호료성분인 결착제; 탄산칼슘, 제오라이트, 탈크, 점토 중 하나 이상을 포함하는 토양 떼알구조 개선을 통한 통기성 및 투수성 개선을 위한 광물질; 지방산, 동식물성 유지, 파라핀, 밀랍, 미네랄 오일, 왁스 중 하나 이상을 포함하는 이형제를 추가로 첨가하여 계속 혼합하는 단계;(B) starch in the mixture; Binders, which are natural ingredients comprising at least one of xanthan gum, carrageenan, rosin, pectin, alginic acid, casein, agar, glue, and loot extract; Minerals for improving air permeability and permeability through improving soil herd structure including at least one of calcium carbonate, zeolite, talc and clay; Further adding and releasing a release agent comprising at least one of fatty acids, animal or vegetable fats, oils, paraffin, beeswax, mineral oil, wax;
(C) 상기 (B)의 혼합물을 벤트홈을 포함하는 금형이 설치된 고온고압의 발포 성형기에 넣어 150∼250℃에서 15∼150초간 성형하여 금형의 미세기공으로 수분이 배출되면서 성형이 완성되는 환경친화형 육묘포트를 제조하는 단계; (C) The mixture of (B) is placed in a high temperature and high pressure foam molding machine in which a mold including a vent groove is installed and molded at 150 to 250 ° C. for 15 to 150 seconds to discharge moisture into the micropores of the mold, thereby forming an environmentally friendly environment. Manufacturing a mold seedling pot;
본 발명에 있어서, 전분은 변성 등 처리를 하지 않은 생전분을 그대로 사용하는데, 그 사용량은 조성물의 총 중량을 기준으로 30 내지 95 중량%, 바람직하게는 40 내지 70 중량%일 수 있다.In the present invention, starch is used as raw starch without treatment such as denaturation, the amount of the use may be 30 to 95% by weight, preferably 40 to 70% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.
상기 생전분은 당 업계에서 통상 사용되는 전분, 예를 들어 옥수수, 감자, 타피오카, 고구마, 밀, 쌀 및 곡류 등 각종 식물로부터 추출된 전분이다. 전분은 식물의 종류나 저장 부위에 따라 지상전분과 지하전분으로 구분된다. 각각의 전분은 입자의 형태, 입자의 크기가 모두 다르며 전분입자의 형상, 입경, 외형의 고유한 특성을 가지고 있는데, 품종에 따라 이화학적 특성에 많은 차이가 있기 때문에 적절한 선택 후 직접 이용하는 경우, 또는 물성을 변성시킨 후 이용 가치를 높여 사용하는 경우가 많으나, 본 발명에서는 생전분 형태로 그대로 이용하였다.The raw starch is a starch commonly used in the art, for example, starch extracted from various plants such as corn, potato, tapioca, sweet potato, wheat, rice, and grains. Starch is divided into ground starch and underground starch according to the type of plant and storage area. Each starch has different shape, particle size, and unique characteristics of starch particle shape, particle size, and appearance, and there are many differences in physicochemical properties according to varieties. After modifying the physical properties, but often used to increase the value of use, in the present invention was used as raw starch form.
상기 강도 보강제는 목재펄프, 갈대펄프, 콘파이버, 탈묵펄프, 볏짚, 왕겨, 톱밥, 커피박, 옥수수대 등을 사용할 수 있는데, 그 사용량은 조성물의 총 중량을 기준으로 10 내지 60 중량%, 바람직하게는 20 내지 50 중량% 일 수 있다.The strength reinforcing agent may be wood pulp, reed pulp, corn fiber, deinking pulp, rice straw, rice husk, sawdust, coffee foil, corn stalk, etc., the amount of the use is 10 to 60% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition, preferably Preferably from 20 to 50% by weight.
상기 결착제는 잔탄검, 카라기난, 로진, 펙틴, 알긴산, 카제인, 한천, 아교, 우뭇가사리 추출물을 단독으로, 또는 혼합하여 사용할 수 있는데, 그 사용량은 조성물의 총 중량을 기준으로 0.1 내지 20 중량%, 바람직하게는 2 내지 10 중량%일 수 있다.The binder may be used alone or in combination with xanthan gum, carrageenan, rosin, pectin, alginic acid, casein, agar, glue, butts, and the amount thereof is 0.1 to 20% by weight based on the total weight of the composition, Preferably from 2 to 10% by weight.
상기 광물질은 통상의 탄산칼슘류, 제오라이트, 탈크, 점토를 단독 또는 혼합하여 사용할 수 있는데, 그의 사용량은 10 내지 60 중량 %, 바람직하게는 10 내지 50 중량%일 수 있다.The minerals may be used alone or mixed with conventional calcium carbonates, zeolites, talc, clays, the amount of the minerals may be 10 to 60% by weight, preferably 10 to 50% by weight.
상기 이형제는 작업성을 개선함과 동시에 제품에 내수성 및 유화성도 부여할 수 있는데, 지방산, 동식물성 유지, 파라핀, 밀랍, 미네랄 오일, 왁스를 단독으로 또는 혼합하여 사용할 수 있고, 그의 사용량은 조성물의 총중량을 기준으로 0.1 내지 20 중량 %, 바람직하게는 0.1 내지 8 중량%일 수 있다.The release agent can improve the workability and at the same time impart water resistance and emulsification to the product, fatty acids, animal and vegetable fats, paraffin, beeswax, mineral oil, wax can be used alone or in combination, the amount of the composition It may be 0.1 to 20% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 8% by weight based on the total weight.
환경친화형 기능성 육묘포트는 수분을 함유한 원료를 고온 고압 조건으로 성형하는 과정에서 금형의 미세기공으로 수분이 수증기화 되어 외부로 배출되고 수분이 배출된 부위에 발포셀이 형성된다. 육묘포트에 발포셀이 형성되면 압착 성형한 용기에 비해 용기무게 감소, 유연성 증가, 보습성 부여 등의 효과를 기대할 수 있다.Environmentally-friendly functional seedlings are steamed by the micropores of the mold in the process of forming the raw material containing water under high temperature and high pressure conditions, and discharged to the outside and foam cells are formed in the discharged water. When the foaming cell is formed in the seedling pot can be expected to reduce the weight of the container, increase the flexibility, impart moisture retention compared to the compression molded container.
< 실시예 1 ><Example 1>
혼합기에 펄프 5 중량%와 물 50 중량%를 넣고 혼합하고; 시판하는 옥수수전분 20 중량%, 탄산칼슘 19 중량%, 왁스 1.7 중량%, 잔탄검 0.3 중량%, 로진 2 중량%, 지방산 2 중량%를 상기 혼합물에 추가한 후 40분간 더욱 혼합하였다; 약간 반죽상태로 된 혼합물 30g을 미세한 기공이 있는 금형을 설치한 열압축 성형기에 넣고; 200℃, 45초 동안 가압 성형하여 환경친화형 육묘포트를 제조하였다.5% by weight of pulp and 50% by weight of water were added to the mixer and mixed; 20 wt% of commercial corn starch, 19 wt% calcium carbonate, 1.7 wt% wax, 0.3 wt% xanthan gum, 2 wt% rosin and 2 wt% fatty acid were added to the mixture and further mixed for 40 minutes; 30 g of a slightly kneaded mixture is placed in a thermocompression molding machine equipped with a mold having fine pores; Pressure molding for 200 seconds at 45 ℃ to prepare an environment-friendly seedling pot.
< 실시예 2 ><Example 2>
전분 10 중량% 및 탄산칼슘 14 중량%를 커피박 24 중량%로 대체 사용한 것을 제외하고는 실시예 1과 동일한 방법으로 환경친화형 육묘포트를 제조하였다.An environmentally friendly seedling pot was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 10 wt% of starch and 14 wt% of calcium carbonate were replaced with 24 wt% of coffee foil.
실시예에 따라 만들어진 육묘포트의 내수성 및 보존성 실험은 육묘포트에 상토를 채우고 매일 2회씩 물을 살포하면서 2개월간 육안 관찰하여 작물의 육묘기간중 포트가 분해가 되지 않는 것을 확인하였다.The water resistance and preservation experiments of the seedling pots made according to the examples were visually observed for two months while filling the seedling pot with the top soil and spraying water twice daily to confirm that the pot was not decomposed during the seedling period of the crop.
육묘포트의 토양중 분해실험은 토양에 매립을 하고 5주일동안 매주 관찰하여 토양내 분해 정도를 관찰한 결과, 5주 만에 토양내에서 완전히 분해됨을 알 수 있었다.The degradation test in soil of seedling pot was reclaimed in soil and observed weekly for 5 weeks, and it was found to be completely degraded in soil after 5 weeks.
본 발명에 따른 환경친화형 육묘포트는 기존 육묘포트에 비해서 강도 및 유연성이 우수하다. 또한 본포에 묘를 이식할 때 육묘포트와 함께 바로 토양중에 이식을 하기 때문에, 종래의 폴리에틸렌 육묘포트에 비하여 인건비 감소가 가능하고, 뿌리 손상이 없기 때문에 생육저해 기간이 발생되지 않고, 자연계에서 쉽게 분해되어 토양의 유기물을 증가시키고, 환경을 오염시키지 않는다. 본 발명의 육묘포트는 유묘가 농작물, 원예작물, 화훼작물 등의 재배에 널리 이용되어 천연 무공해 작물 재배에 활용될 것으로 기대된다. Environment-friendly seedling pot according to the present invention is superior in strength and flexibility compared to the existing seedling pot. In addition, when transplanting seedlings to the main fabric, the seedlings are directly transplanted into the soil together with the seedling pots. Thus, labor costs can be reduced as compared with the conventional polyethylene seedling pots. Increase organic matter in the soil and do not pollute the environment. Seedling pot of the present invention is expected to be widely used in the cultivation of natural pollution-free crops because the seedlings are widely used for the cultivation of crops, horticultural crops, flower crops and the like.
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| CN103396182A (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2013-11-20 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Method for producing solanaceous vegetable seedling growing substrate by utilizing salvaged material of cassava processing |
| CN103548606A (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2014-02-05 | 中国农业大学 | Seedling culture tray and production method thereof |
| CN103951997A (en) * | 2013-06-14 | 2014-07-30 | 湖南铂湘新材料研究有限公司 | Recycling technology for producing agricultural cell tray by using wood and paper straw waste |
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| WO2015012626A1 (en) * | 2013-07-26 | 2015-01-29 | Park Chan-Oh | Biodegradable composition using cellulose and preparation method therefor, and waterproof agent and molded product using composition |
| CN103396182A (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2013-11-20 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Method for producing solanaceous vegetable seedling growing substrate by utilizing salvaged material of cassava processing |
| CN103548606A (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2014-02-05 | 中国农业大学 | Seedling culture tray and production method thereof |
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| CN104719037A (en) * | 2015-04-10 | 2015-06-24 | 东北农业大学 | Novel degradable seedling bowl and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN104756733A (en) * | 2015-04-21 | 2015-07-08 | 福建农林大学 | Wheat bonsai and manufacturing method thereof |
| KR102053539B1 (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2020-01-08 | 주식회사 에코펄프 | Manufacturing method of biodegradable seeding pot and biodegradable seeding pot manufactured by the method |
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