KR20070121495A - Construction composites comprising cement and fabrics - Google Patents

Abstract

A cement-based composite material for building is provided to be a thin plate, have high impact resistance, improved structural performances, a waterproof property, and increased adhesive force, and be usable as a finishing material. A cement-based composite material(P) for building includes: a fabric layer(110) formed of fabrics; and a cement layer(120) formed by spreading a cement paste on the upper surface of the fabric layer and hardening the spread cement paste. The cement-based composite material for building comprises an upper fabric layer(130) formed by further attaching a fabric layer onto the cement layer before the cement paste is hardened. The upper fabric layer has fiber protrusions on the surface thereof. Further, surface material is adhered at an highest port of the composite material.

Description

Construction composites comprising cement and fabrics

1 is an exemplary view of the present invention.

2 is an embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a view showing one embodiment of the present invention used as a roofing material, an outer wall material, a waterproof layer lining plate, a waterproof sheet material and a molding material of FIG.

4 is a photograph of Example 4.

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

110: lower fiber layer 120: cement layer

110 · 120: Fiber layer impregnated with cement paste

130: upper fiber layer 150: middle fiber layer

130120: top fiber layer impregnated with cement paste

160: fiber protrusions 170: adhesive layer

180: surface material 190: release paper

195: foam insulation layer P: cement-based composite material for construction

The present invention relates to a cement-based composite material for construction that can be used as roof shingle, wall siding, waterproof sheet, protection board, molding material, and the like, in particular comprising a fiber layer and a cement layer. It is about cement-based composite materials for construction.

With the development of technology, building materials are diversified in quality, and in contrast to the construction and repetition of various processes or assembly in the past, materials with high factory process are required nowadays. In addition, efforts have been made to produce materials having excellent performance by combining homogeneous or heterogeneous materials in order to obtain various performances that cannot be obtained with one material.

Thus, there has been development of composite materials, which can be largely classified into wood, cement, plastic, metal, and the like, and the case of double cement-based composite materials includes reinforced concrete and glass fiber reinforced cement.

Building materials are not only required to be easy to construct and do not require a great cost in manufacturing and construction, but also require different performances depending on the parts used in the building. There is a need for building materials that are thin, yet have improved structural performance, impact resistance and water resistance, and are easy to attach.

On the other hand, conventional cement products are pulverized organic or inorganic short fibers in order to prevent the cracking of the cement, but it was very difficult to uniformly distribute more than a certain amount and it was impossible to put a large amount. Therefore, it was also required to develop cement products that effectively prevent the cracking of cement and add flexibility.

The present invention has been made to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, the object of the present invention is to provide a new hard building cement-based composite material having a thin but impact resistance.

In addition, the object of the present invention is to provide a new building cement-based composite material having waterproofness and improved structural performance and is economical in terms of manufacturing cost, construction cost, and air.

Meanwhile, another object of the present invention is to provide a new construction cement-based composite material which effectively prevents cracking of cement and adds flexibility.

In order to achieve the above technical problem, the present invention is a fiber layer consisting of a fiber cloth; And a cement layer formed by hardening cement paste on an upper surface of the fiber layer. In this case, in detail, a top fiber layer may be formed by further attaching a fiber layer on the cement layer before curing of the cement paste, and the fiber layer and the cement layer may be arranged in sequence to form a stacked structure. In addition, by further applying a cement paste on the lower surface of the fiber layer may further comprise a bottom cement layer. At this time, preferably, the fiber layer is characterized in that the fiber layer having a fiber projection on the surface. More preferably, the surface material may be further attached to the uppermost end of the composite material to be used as a roofing material or an outer wall material, or the foamed heat insulating material layer may be formed by further attaching a foamed heat insulating material to the lowermost end of the composite material.

On the other hand, the present invention can be impregnated in the entire fiber layer to harden inside the fiber layer can provide a cement-based composite material for building. In the past, unlike a single fiber to prevent the cracking of cement, by impregnating the cement paste over the entire fiber layer and curing it, it was not possible to use a large amount of existing fibers and solved the difficulty of uniformly distributing the short fibers. It provides a cement-based composite material with excellent crack prevention and flexibility. In addition, the surface material may be further attached to the uppermost end of the composite material to be used as a roofing material or an outer wall material, or the foamed heat insulating material layer may be further formed by further attaching a foamed heat insulating material to the lowermost end of the composite material.

The fiber cloth may be a synthetic fiber woven fabric, nonwoven fabric, glass fiber woven fabric, nonwoven fabric, carbon fiber woven fabric, nonwoven fabric, and the like. The cement layer may be formed and used in roll form.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Like reference numerals in the drawings denote like elements.

1 is an exemplary view of a building cement-based composite material (P) of the present invention.

FIG. 1A illustrates a cement-based composite material P for construction including a cement layer 120 adhered between a lower fiber layer 110 and an upper fiber layer 130. This can be produced by spreading a thin cement paste on the fiber layer 110 made of fiber cloth and attaching the fiber cloth on the cement paste again to form the top fiber layer 130 before curing. Examples of the fiber cloth constituting the fiber layer include synthetic fiber woven or nonwoven fabric such as polyester, glass fiber woven or nonwoven fabric, carbon fiber woven fabric or nonwoven fabric.

This building cement-based composite material (P) is a hard board in the form of a thin film and has impact resistance. Cement boards are inherently fireproof, free of corrosion, easy to process and have good adhesion with mortar, but they have low precision in dimensions, uneven thickness and defects in finish. On the other hand, the fiber layer has excellent sound absorption, heat insulation, easy processing and adhesion, and is suitable as a finishing material in appearance but is weak in warpage and impact. The cement layer 120 is placed inside and the surface is made of a fiber layer (110, 130) in the factory in the form of a plate having a predetermined thickness in advance in the construction for convenience in construction and enhanced impact resistance and structural performance In addition, the present invention provides a building cement-based composite material (P) having improved aesthetics as an exterior material.

Figure 1 (b) is to form a fiber protrusion 160 on the surface of the fiber layer (110, 130). In this case, the fiber protrusions 160 of the cement paste attaching surfaces of the fiber layers 110 and 130 are planted inside the cement paste, thereby further increasing the adhesive force.

In addition, the construction cement-based composite material (P) of the present invention due to the fiber projections 160 on the surface of the fiber layer (110, 130) when the fiber projections 160 are attached to the adhesive layer when the material and the fiber layer (110, 130) of different materials. Magnified to show significantly increased adhesion.

Figure 1 (c) is a building cement-based composite material (P), characterized in that to form a multi-layer laminated structure by arranging the fiber layer (110, 150, 130) and the cement layer 120 in sequence. The impact resistance and structural performance are enhanced as compared with the case of one layer with a multilayer structure.

Figure 1 (d) is another embodiment of the present invention to form a cement layer of the top 120 and the bottom 140 by spreading a thin cement paste on the upper surface and the lower surface of the fiber layer 110. It is a cement-based composite material (P) for building. The surface of the fiber layer 110 is coated with cement is excellent in water resistance.

Also in the structure as shown in (c) or (d) of Figure 1 can also increase the adhesion by forming a fiber protrusion on the fiber layer (110, 150, 130), as shown in Figure 1 (b).

Meanwhile, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1 (e), the cement paste may be completely impregnated with the fiber layer 110 composed of the fiber cloth so that the cement paste may be cured inside the fiber layer. That is, the cement and the fiber layer can be manufactured in a form (110 · 120) integrated. The thickness of the composite material (P) of the present invention can be adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the fiber layer, and the present invention may be configured by stacking the fiber layers 110 and 120 impregnated with the cement paste. In addition, by adjusting the amount of the cement paste can be produced in a form in which the cement layer 120 is formed on the form (110, 120) as shown in Figure 1 (f).

When impregnating the cement paste in the fiber layer as described above (110 · 120) When organic or inorganic short fibers are added to prevent the existing cement cracking, the problem of quantitative limitation and the problem that could not be uniformly distributed is solved at the same time. . In addition, in the case of the existing cement products are not very flexible to warp or impact due to the flexibility, when fabricated by impregnating the cement paste in the fiber layer (110 · 120) flexibility and impact resistance is enhanced.

In addition, the present invention may further include a bottom cement layer 140 by further applying a cement paste to the lower end of the fiber layer (110 · 120) impregnated with cement paste as shown in Figure 1 (g).

1 (h) shows that the fiber layer is impregnated with the cement paste by impregnating the whole fiber layer by applying a cement paste on top of the fiber cloth, and then further attaching the fiber cloth before curing of the cement paste and completely impregnating the cement paste. ), The cement layer 120, and the equivalent fiber layer 130, 120 impregnated in the cement paste in order to produce an embodiment of the present invention.

On the other hand, when the cement paste is impregnated into a fiber layer composed of fiber cloth such as synthetic fiber woven or nonwoven fabric, glass fiber woven fabric or nonwoven fabric, carbon fiber woven fabric or nonwoven fabric, to facilitate the impregnation, clay, fly ash, etc. It is desirable to produce cement pastes using fine powders. In the case of using these, it is also advantageous to form a panel. In addition, the fiber layer may be configured to have a fiber protrusion (160).

Such a cement-based composite material (P) is made of a rigid thin plate bar of a predetermined size and then added the surface material 180 on top of the upper fiber layer 130, the roofing material (roof shingle) of Figure 2 (a), It can be used as a wall siding (wall siding) of Figure 2 (b).

In the case of the building cement-based composite material (P) of FIG. It can also be attached to roofs and exterior walls as large slates. At this time, in addition to the form of a flat plate when used as a roofing material may be used to manufacture a cement-based composite material (P) in a streamlined form. The upper fiber layer 130 is composed of fibers, and as shown in FIG. 3A, it is easy to attach the other surface material 180. As the surface material 180, the natural material , such as colored granules, gravel , metal material, on the adhesive layer 170, Polymeric materials such as polyurethane resins and epoxy resins can be used. As the adhesive layer 170, an aqueous resin mortar, a ceramic paste, or the like may be used. Meanwhile, the present invention may be configured by attaching the surface material 180 before curing of the cement paste without providing a separate adhesive layer.

In the case of using the cement-based composite material (P) of the present invention as a roofing material, unlike the conventional asphalt single is weak to heat and the surface is deteriorated by sunlight, the composite fiber (P) of the present invention the upper fiber layer ( In the case where 130) is made of glass fiber cloth or carbon fiber cloth, which is a fireproof material, the cement layers 120 and 140 are also inorganic materials, which greatly enhance fire resistance and weather resistance to sunlight. In addition, the cement-based composite material (P) of the present invention is a lightweight material that is easy to be installed on the roof and is resistant to corrosion, impact, and impact resistance, and is aesthetics of a building by attaching a surface material such as colored sand to the outside and using it as a roofing material. Can also be improved.

In addition, such a cement-based composite material (P) can be used as a protective plate to protect the waterproof layer. 2 (c) shows an embodiment in which the cement-based composite material P for construction is used as a protective plate to protect the waterproof layer. In (c) of FIG. 2, 210 is a waterproof layer, 220 is a basement floor, 230 is a foundation beam, 240 is a foundation slab, and 250 is a sole concrete. Conventionally, the waterproofing layer is protected by forming a pressing wall made of brick or concrete by the external waterproofing method or the waterproofing method or by using styrofoam or urethane foam. However, this requires a certain thickness or more to play a role of protecting the waterproof layer, and occupies a large volume. The construction of the pressing wall with concrete or brick is not easy, and in the case of styrofoam or urethane foam, self-weight and backfilling are required. There was a problem flowing down to the lower portion of the weight of the filling material. Instead of this, in the case of using the building cement-based composite material (P) of the present invention it can serve to protect the waterproof layer in a simple but advantageous in terms of volume.

In addition, cement-based composite material (P) for building can be used as a waterproof sheet material in waterproof construction. In the case of building cement-based composite material (P) having the fiber layer (110, 130) formed on the surface is easy to attach even when using a cement-based composite material (P) and heterogeneous waterproofing material to fill the seam. When discharging or repairing concrete, the old waterproofing base is labor-intensive and causes many environmental problems such as dust and waste. However, by using the building cement-based composite material (P) of the present invention on the combustible base, the non-flammable base is formed. You will create a waterproof base surface. 2 (d) shows an embodiment of using the cement-based composite material (P) for building as a waterproof sheet material. In general, concrete floors contain more than 10% moisture, and the floor is uneven and the unevenness is severe, so grinding is generally required to even the surface. Accordingly, in order to form an ideal base film waterproofing material, the construction cement-based composite material P of the present invention should be constructed after the pus mortar 300 is treated.

In this case, when manufacturing the cement-based composite material (P) of the present invention when the elastic paste further includes an elastic polymer, the cement-based composite material (P) is elastic and rolled. Examples of the elastic polymer that can be included in the cement paste include acrylic polymers, urethane polymers, and epoxy polymers. The cement paste may also optionally further include any one or more of a dispersant, a thickener, an antifoaming agent, and a preservative to obtain additional effects such as dispersion, thickening and defoaming.

In addition, the building cement-based composite material (P) of the present invention can be used for molding inside and outside the building. This can be molded into a predetermined shape by laminating as shown in FIG. 1 and then putting it in a mold made of styrofoam before curing of the cement paste. At this time, a foam insulation such as styrofoam is further attached to the lower surface of the composite material P as shown in FIG. 1 using the adhesive layer or before the hardening of the cement paste to form the foam insulation layer 195 as shown in FIG. Molding materials can also be produced. In this case, when the surface of the building cement-based composite material (P) is the fiber layer 130, various representations can be made on the fiber layer 130.

Example 1 Preparation of Building Cement Composite Material (P) Used as Roofing Material

(1) The polyester nonwoven fabric 110 was lightly coated with a cement paste having the following compounding ratio.

(2) The cement paste was prepared by mixing a cement paste having a weight of 1900 g by mixing 740 g of cement per square meter of nonwoven fabric, 250 g of 50% acrylic resin emulsion, 2 g of hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose, and water. Acrylic resin emulsion can be changed within the range of 0 ~ 300g, the higher the amount used, the greater the flowability of the cement paste. As the water-soluble thickener, it is possible to use other water-soluble cellulose systems in addition to hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose.

(3) The polyester nonwoven fabric 130 was bonded again on the cement layer 120 before curing of the cement paste and dried.

(4) Applying an aqueous resin mortar (adhesive layer 170) again on the polyester non-woven fabric 130 of the upper end and attaching a colored sand (Color granule, surface material 180) to the roof material (P) of Figure 3 (a) Produced.

Example 2 Preparation of Building Cement Composite Material (P) Used as Waterproofing Layer Protection Plate

In the case of the building cement-based composite material (P) used as the waterproof layer protective plate of Figure 3 (b) after manufacturing the composite material of the polyester nonwoven fabric 110, cement layer 120, polyester nonwoven fabric 130 as described above It is prepared by forming an adhesive layer 170 on the outer surface of the nonwoven fabric 110 at the bottom and bonding the release paper 190 thereto. Accordingly, when the release layer 190 is removed by the waterproof layer protection plate, it is possible to directly adhere to the waterproof layer 210 to facilitate convenience.

Example 3 Preparation of Building Cement Composite Material (P) Used as Molding Material

(C) of FIG. 3 is mentioned as an Example of the construction cement type composite material P used as a molding material. This is applied to the upper surface and the lower surface of the polyester nonwoven fabric 110, the cement paste of the same compounding ratio as in the case of Example 1 thinly and then adhered to the foam insulation layer 195 such as styrofoam before the cement paste is cured By curing, the foam insulation layer 195 can be easily manufactured in a straight line or streamline shape. The addition of the foam insulation layer 195 is not easily broken, it is provided with a composite material that can be used as a molding material of a certain thickness.

Example 4 Preparation of Building Cement Composite Material (P) Used as Roofing Material

(1) The polyester nonwoven fabric 110 was coated with cement paste having the following compounding ratio and impregnated into the entire polyester nonwoven fabric 110. At this time, the amount of cement paste was allowed to allow the cement layer 120 to be formed on the upper end of the polyester nonwoven fabric 110 and 120 impregnated with the cement paste.

(2) The cement paste was prepared by mixing 990 g of cement per square meter of nonwoven fabric, 2 g of hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose and 2 g of water to prepare a cement paste having a weight of 1900 g. As the water-soluble thickener, it is possible to use other water-soluble cellulose systems in addition to hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose.

(3) The glass fiber woven fabric 130 was combined again on the cement layer 120 before curing of the cement paste and dried. At this time, the glass fiber woven fabric 130 is attached to the cement paste to be completely impregnated.

(4) Building cement-based composite material (P) of the present invention produced as described above is as shown in Fig. 4 (a). Figure 4 (b) is a flexibility test picture of (a) shows that the flexibility is excellent even without bending impact.

As described above, the present invention provides a cement-based composite material for construction comprising a cement layer formed by applying a cement paste between the fiber layer and two or more of the fiber layers, and has a high impact resistance and structural performance as well as a thin plate. It provides building composite materials with improved aesthetics to improve the quality and to be used as finishing materials when used as exterior materials. In addition, by providing a cement layer coated on the fiber layer to form a cement layer on both surfaces of the fiber layer provides a waterproof cement-based composite material for construction.

On the other hand, the present invention provides a building cement-based composite material that further strengthens the flexibility and impact resistance to prevent breakage, which is a disadvantage of the ceramic system by using the fiber layer is impregnated by the cement paste in the above configuration, and more resistant to bending or impact can do.

Such a cement-based composite material for building can be used as a roofing material and exterior wall material that is easy to attach, while improving impact resistance and structural performance, and is formed of concrete, brick, etc. to protect the waterproof layer in the internal and external waterproofing methods. It is easy to install by replacing the pressing wall, and can be used as a space-saving protective plate. In addition, it can be used as a waterproof sheet material to solve the environmental problems, cost problems, etc. that occur when cleaning the waterproofing base, and to be constructed on a flammable base surface to form a non-flammable base, while also making a light waterproof base surface. Building cement-based composite material of the present invention can also be manufactured to roll in the form of a roll (roll) by including an elastic polymer in the cement paste. And production as a molding material is also possible.

Claims (11)

A fibrous layer composed of fibrous cloth; And A cement layer formed by hardening cement paste on an upper surface of the fiber layer; Cement-based composite materials for construction, including. In claim 1, Building cement-based composite material, characterized in that to form a top fiber layer by further attaching a fiber layer on the cement layer before curing the cement paste. In claim 2, Cement-based composite material for building, characterized in that to form a laminated structure by arranging the fiber layer and the cement layer in sequence. In claim 1, Building cement-based composite material, characterized in that further comprising a bottom cement layer by further curing the cement paste on the lower surface of the fiber layer. In claim 1, Building cement-based composite material, characterized in that the cement paste further comprises any one or more of an acrylic polymer, urethane polymer, epoxy polymer to form the cement layer to form a roll. In claim 2, The fiber layer is a building cement-based composite material, characterized in that the fiber layer having a fiber projection on the surface. In any one of claims 1 to 6, Cement-based composite material for construction characterized in that the surface material is further attached to the top of the composite material. In any one of claims 1 to 6, Building cement-based composite material, characterized in that to form a foam insulation layer by further attaching the foam insulation to the bottom of the composite material. In any one of claims 1 to 6, Building cement-based composite material, characterized in that the cement paste is hardened inside the fiber layer by impregnating the entire fiber layer. In claim 9, Cement-based composite material for construction characterized in that the surface material is further attached to the top of the composite material. In claim 9, Building cement-based composite material, characterized in that to form a foam insulation layer by further attaching the foam insulation to the bottom of the composite material.

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