KR20070042246A - Steam distillation method for mugwort essential oil production - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a mugwort essential oil to separate essential oil from lion foot wormwood or cedar wormwood using a steam distillation method, more specifically, one selected from the lion foot wormwood or wormwood mugwort primary distillation by steam of a constant temperature and air pressure After the second distillation with a certain temperature and pressure of water vapor to produce a high quality lion foot wormwood and cedar mugwort essential oil components with excellent transparency, by providing a large amount of high quality mugwort essential oil components in a simple way, hypoglycemia, Parkinson's disease, various viruses It has the effect of preventing related diseases and various skin diseases.

Vapor, Distillation, Essential Oil, Lion Foot Wormwood, Evergreen Wormwood, Transparency

Description

Method of manufacturing mugwort essential oil by steam distillation {STEAM DISTILLATION METHOD FOR MUGWORT ESSENTIAL OIL PRODUCTION}

1 is a schematic view showing a steam distillation apparatus according to the present invention.

Explanation of the main symbols in the drawings

1: mugwort 2: steam jacket 3: pressure vessel

4 steam supply 5 heat insulation pipe 6 flow control valve

7: cooling pipe 8: condenser 9: collector

The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a mugwort essential oil to separate essential oil from lion foot wormwood or cedar wormwood using a steam distillation method, more specifically, one selected from the lion foot wormwood or wormwood mugwort primary distillation by steam of a constant temperature and air pressure After the second distillation with a certain temperature and pressure of water vapor to produce a high quality lion foot wormwood and cedar mugwort essential oil components with excellent transparency, by providing a large amount of high quality mugwort essential oil components in a simple way, hypoglycemia, Parkinson's disease, various viruses It has the effect of preventing related diseases and various skin diseases.

Mugwort is known to have effects such as blood circulation promotion, diuretic effect, tonic effect, hemostasis, skin disease treatment, health, jaundice treatment, anticancer effect, etc. Have been reported. For example, Korean Patent No. 199595-0004327 discloses a method for producing a plant extract of Mugwort using steam distillation and a detergent composition comprising the same. In another example, Korean Patent No. 0181751 uses a high concentration of ethanol to treat gastrointestinal diseases. Mugwort extract has been reported. In addition, there is an example of Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2002-0067332 which reports a composition for improving oral hygiene, that is, a bad breath inhibitor, after collecting essential oil of mugwort by steam distillation.

Looking at the prior art, it can be seen that steam distillation or solvent extraction is generally used as a method of extracting the active ingredient of mugwort. In addition, it is possible to use an expression method, an ultrasonic method, or an extraction method using a supercritical solvent. However, steam mug distillation and solvent extraction are most commonly used in mugwort, because of the nature and active ingredient of mugwort This is due to the difference in physicochemical properties.

In other words, the compression method is generally used for plants having essential oil components in the fruit, and the essential oil component is a mechanical method mainly squeezed out of the fruit sacs. Therefore, it is inadequate as an essential oil separation method for plants having main active ingredients on leaves, stems and roots such as wormwood.

In addition, the method of extracting the active ingredient of mugwort using a solvent such as alcohols can be used simply, but there is a problem in that it is not possible to extract a substance having low solubility in a specific solvent or a specific component that is easily volatilized in the concentration process. It is not suitable for the extraction of essential oils.

The present invention is a mugwort essential oil extraction method based on steam distillation, the process of extracting the essential oil components by passing the water vapor obtained by heating the water through the plant, the process of cooling the water vapor containing the essential oil components as a liquid, the upper layer of the liquid received A process of separating the oil component and the component dissolved in the water of the lower layer is included, an example of which is described in the above-mentioned Korean Patent No. 199595-0004327. In addition, Korean Patent Application Publication No. 2001-0035501 has reported a method of extracting essential oil from citron peel using steam distillation.

Conventional steam distillation is a method of blowing essential oils together with water vapor by blowing steam into dried or dried plants such as flowers, stems, shells, seeds, moss, and grasses of plants. It is the most common and economic way to extract.

However, the components extracted by conventional steam distillation are those having a boiling point of about 150 ~ 300 ℃, and the steam distillation distills at a temperature lower than the actual boiling point of the components to be extracted, thereby preventing the active ingredient from being decomposed or deteriorated. However, the biggest problem is that it still does not completely prevent the destruction of heat and pressure sensitive components because it still uses high temperature and high pressure steam.

In order to solve such a problem, the present applicant is a step of first distilling mugwort in 30 minutes to 4 hours at 105 ° C. and 1 atm of pressure in Published Patent Publication No. 10-2005-0008236 (published date: 2005.01.21); The first distilled mugwort has been applied for a method of extracting mugwort essential oil consisting of the second step of distilling for 30 minutes to 4 hours at 140 ℃, steam of 2 atm.

However, since the temperature and pressure conditions are not suitable for refining the active ingredient of mugwort, it did not provide an effective refining method by primary and secondary distillation.

In addition, by using various kinds of mugwort indiscriminately, there is a limit in obtaining a high quality essential oil component.

In order to solve the above problems, in the present invention, in purifying the mugwort, to obtain the active ingredient according to the first distillation, and to obtain the active ingredient by the second distillation, by extracting a large amount of essential oil components by limiting the mugwort In particular, by using mugwort having anticancer effects, it is intended to provide a method for producing a mugwort essential oil using a temperature and air pressure to effectively extract the mugwort essential oil according to the first and second distillation.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention

In the method of separating the essential oil by distilling mugwort first and second again,

The primary distillation is 107 ~ 115 ℃, made for 2 to 3 hours at 1.5 atm, the second distillation is 145 ~ 155 ℃, produced by steam distillation method for 2 to 3 hours at 1.5 atm its main method As the configuration, the mugwort is limited to one species selected from the lion foot wormwood or evergreen wormwood dried for 20 to 30 days in a cool dark place.

Lion-footed wormwood is a name given to the shape of cucurbita, which is shaped like a lion's foot. The wormwood grows wild in mountains and fields in a limited area of central China, including Gangnam Province. It is a wormwood that does not die and only leaves fall in late autumn and leaves sprout again in spring of the following year. Said lion foot wormwood and wormwood mugwort is said to be good for the stomach and liver, jangjangyuk if eaten since ancient times.

As such, the essential oils of mugwort are different depending on the type of mugwort, but they generally contain about 0.02% by weight, and the constituents consist of at least 100 different kinds of raw compounds. It depends on various factors such as method, distillation method. Therefore, although it is very difficult to uniformly list the main components of mugwort essential oils, pharmacopeias and the like generally refer to cineol, α-thujon, sesquiterpene, sesquiterpene alcohol (sesquiterpenealchol). ), Adenine, choline, azulene, bonol, borneol, and camphor are commonly known to be included.

Therefore, mugwort essential oil contains a wide variety of substances, and considering the complexity of the mugwort essential oil, it can be seen that the evaluation criteria are very important to evaluate that one extraction method is superior to the other extraction methods. .

In the present invention, the extraction amount and transparency of the essential oil finally obtained by operating the distillation process as a method of determining the quality of mugwort essential oil was used as an evaluation criteria. That is, the amount of mugwort essential oil obtained represents the overall efficiency of steam distillation, and its transparency indicates the degree of denaturation by heat.

Regarding the steam distillation method of the mugwort as described above, the applicant of the mugwort essential oil manufacturing method (application number: 10-2003-0048101) by the steam distillation method filed on July 14, 2003 30 minutes at 105 ℃, steam at 1 atmosphere A method of extracting essential oils which was first distilled for 4 hours and then treated with steam at 140 ° C. and 2 atm for 30 minutes to 4 hours was presented. The first distilled mugwort was first distilled at 145 to 155 ° C. and 1.5 atm for 2 to 3 hours at 1.5 atm and at 1.5 atm, thereby purifying essential oils as shown in Table 1 and Table 2. The amount was confirmed to increase.

Having the same apparatus configuration in the conventional mugwort oil production method by the conventional steam distillation method, Figure 1 is a schematic view showing a steam distillation apparatus according to the present invention, mugwort (1) is a pressure vessel (2) is installed steam jacket ( The inside of 3) is densely packed, and water vapor is supplied from the steam supplier 4 to the steam jacket 2 and the pressure vessel 3 through the heat insulating pipe 5. At this time, the amount of water vapor supplied is controlled by the flow control valve (6).

Water vapor from which the active ingredient is extracted while passing through the filled mugwort is sent to the condenser 8 in which the cooling pipe 7 is installed, where the water vapor and the essential oil are condensed and collected in the collector 9. Since the active ingredients contained in the collected essential oils have different component distributions and properties depending on the operating time, they are classified and collected at regular intervals to form a device composition.

Hereinafter, the above-described configuration will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples.

Example 1 according to the time of distillation at 110 ℃, 1.5 atm Camper  Change of composition

100 kg of dried Jinjin mugwort dried in a cool dark place for 20 days in the distillator of the present invention, and then the condensed essential oil component condensed while simultaneously supplying steam at 110 ° C. and 1.5 atm from a steam feeder to the mugwort filling layer and steam jacket inside the pressure vessel. Was collected.

The essential oil components were collected separately from the suspension on the condensate, and sampling was taken for 30 minutes for 4 hours 30 minutes.

The mugwort essential oil collected by fractionation was analyzed by gas chromatography using gas chromatography. Table 1 below shows the amount of camphor and the amount of essential oil extracted by time zone.

Table 1

Distillation time (hr) Amount of essential oil extracted (g) Amount of Camper during Refinery (g) Example 1 Patent 2005-0008236 Example 1 0.5 2.6 2.0 0.0250 1.0 2.7 2.8 0.0350 1.5 3.2 3.2 0.0175 2.0 2.3 1.5 0.0104 2.5 0.9 0.5 0.0054 3.0 0.5 0.2 0.0013 3.5 0.2 0.1 0.0002 4.0 0.1 - - 4.5 - - - sum 12.4 10.3 0.0948

As confirmed in Table 1, the patent application No. 2005-0008236 filed by the present applicant is a total amount of 10.3g, the total amount (g) of the essential oil extracted according to Example 1 of the present invention is 12.4g, the temperature and By optimizing the atmospheric pressure conditions, it can be seen that a difference occurs in the total amount of the essential oil extracted.

It can be seen that the extraction of the camphor is completed after 4 hours at 110 ° C and 1.5 atm. This is because the camphor is extracted at the initial stage of steam distillation due to its sublimation size with a substance of 152.24, melting point 178-179 ° C, boiling point 204 ° C and specific gravity 0.9853 (18 ° C).

Example 2 with distillation at 150 ° C. and 1.5 atm Azulene  Change of composition

The essential oil components condensed while collecting steam at 150 ° C. and 1.5 atm again were collected for each time period to the mugwort residue distilled for about 5 hours by the method of Example 1. The mugwort essential oil collected by fractionation was analyzed by gas chromatography using azulene component contained in essential oil by gas chromatography. Table 2 below shows the amount of camphor and the amount of essential oil extracted by time zone.

In the present Example 2, the azulene is used as an indicator material, and its boiling point is 242 ° C, which belongs to a high range among the active ingredients included in mugwort, and is a hydrocarbon-based material, which is relatively thermally stable, and is extracted at high temperature and high pressure. Because it can represent.

[Table 2]

Distillation time (hr) Amount of essential oil extracted (g) Azulene content in essential oils (g) Example 1 Patent 2005-0008236 Example 1 0.5 10.3 8.0 0.054 1.0 12.5 8.8 0.075 1.5 7.5 2.2 0.042 2.0 5.0 1.0 0.022 2.5 1.6 0.5 0.005 3.0 0.7 0.0 - 3.5 0.1 0.0 - 4.0 - - - 4.5 - - - sum 37.7 20.5 0.198

Referring to the results of Table 2, it can be seen that the extraction of azulene is hardly extracted after 2 hours and 30 minutes at 150 ° C and 1.5 atmospheres. Therefore, it can be seen that the conditions of 150 ° C. and 1.5 atm can extract most of the effective substances extractable by steam distillation. Moreover, the color of the extract obtained in Example 2 was almost colorless, which means that most of the components that could be modified by heat in the first stage distillation of Example 1 were extracted in advance. Therefore, according to the two-stage steam distillation method of the present invention, both heat-sensitive active ingredients and easily extractable components at high temperatures can be efficiently extracted, and above all, an essential oil component having excellent transparency can be obtained.

As discussed above, by limiting the type of mugwort to one of the selected ones among the lion foot wormwood or the evergreen wormwood, the extract of high quality essential oils from the light green lion foot wormwood and the dark brown wormwood is efficiently extracted. By promoting the health by the above-mentioned limited mugwort, which is particularly effective in inhibiting cancer cells, the extraction method is simple and can be easily used by anyone, and by providing an optimal essential oil condition according to the extraction temperature and barometric conditions, By greatly increasing the amount of essential oil to extract has the effect of excellent productivity.

Claims (2)

In the method of separating the essential oil by distilling mugwort first and second again, The primary distillation is produced for 2 to 3 hours at 107 ~ 115 ℃, 1.5 atm, secondary distillation is produced wormwood essential oil by steam distillation, characterized in that for 2 to 3 hours at 1.5 atm Way. The mugwort is a mugwort essential oil manufacturing method by steam distillation, characterized in that the selected one of the lion foot wormwood or cedar wormwood dried 20 ~ 30 days in a cool dark place.

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