KR20060076144A - Plywood flooring and process for preparing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention includes a veneer, plywood, reinforcement layer from above, the plywood is three or more odd-numbered plywood, the reinforcement layer has a single plate or odd-numbered structure of the wood material, the whole laminated structure is made of an odd-numbered multilayer structure , The density of the reinforcing layer relates to the flooring flooring, characterized in that 100 ± 50% of the density of veneer.

The present invention provides an eco-friendly ondol ridge flooring having excellent dimensional stability, construction stability and economic efficiency through the odd-number stack structure, symmetrical density balance, moisture content correction.

Ondol flooring, plywood, reinforcement layer, odd sheet lamination, density balance, moisture content correction

Description

Ondol flooring and its manufacturing method {Plywood flooring and process for preparing the same}

1 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional ondol flooring material.

2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the ondol flooring material according to the present invention.

3 is a cross-sectional view of the ondol flooring material according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a perspective view of FIG. 3.

5 is an explanatory diagram of a cross-lamination structure according to the present invention.

Figure 6 shows the density distribution (Density Profile) of the conventional flooring floor.

Figure 7 shows the density profile (Density Profile) of the three plywood + single plate.

Figure 8 shows the density distribution (Density Profile) of the ondol ridge flooring according to the present invention.

9 and 10 are photographs showing the degree of bending of the conventional flooring floor (floor).

11 and 12 are photographs showing the degree of bending of the ondol ridge flooring according to the present invention.

It is a schematic diagram which shows the change of the moisture content by a hot press.

14 is a schematic diagram showing a water content correction system according to the present invention.

15 is a graph showing the dimensional stability of the conventional flooring flooring.

16 is a graph showing the dimensional stability of the ondol flooring material according to the present invention.

Figure 17 shows the gas chromatogram of formaldehyde and VOC (volatile organic compounds) for the conventional flooring floor.

Figure 18 shows the gas chromatogram of formaldehyde and VOC for ondol flooring according to the present invention.

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

10: veneer

20: plywood (base layer)

21: 3-layer plywood

22: 5-sheet laminated plywood

30: reinforcing layer

31: single plate reinforcement layer

The present invention relates to an ondol flooring material and a manufacturing method thereof, and more particularly, to an environmentally friendly ondol flooring material having excellent dimensional stability, construction stability and economical efficiency and a method for producing the same.

Currently, most of the flooring floors on the floor, which are distributed as products in Korea, use plywood with excellent dimensional stability as the main material. There are 5 plywood, 7 plywood, etc. for general purpose plywood, and most 5 floor plywood or 7 plywood is used as the main material for flooring flooring. In the case of products, laminated sheets of 5 sheets, 7 sheets and 9 sheets are used in various ways depending on the use.

In the case of 3 plywood, the price is lower than that of 5, 7 and 9 laminated plywood, but the construction stability and dimensional stability are unstable because of its relatively thin thickness. Therefore, up to now, due to the above-described construction stability problems and relatively dimensional instability due to the relatively thin thickness in the domestic flooring floor products, three laminated plywood is not used.

In addition, unfortunately, all the plywood used as flooring floor is imported and used in foreign countries. For this reason, if the price of raw materials soars, product price increases are inevitable.

On the other hand, if you look at the similar technology in the current floor of the flooring flooring, in the structural field, the level of technology for horizontal stacking, vertical stacking or cross-lamination for single-layer stacking, and in the technical field, pollution resistance, heat resistance, surface strength, sound insulation, Natural granular veneer, wiping printing paper, ocher, charcoal, elvan, far infrared rays, anion, etc. to give the top or bottom of the finished product.

As shown in FIG. 1, a conventional conventional flooring floor is made of veneer 10 stacked on top of a 5-layer plywood 22 as a base layer. This flooring floor is composed of 5 plywood + 1 veneer, has a total laminated structure of 6 sheets.

As such, the conventional flooring flooring is made of even-numbered structure, so the dimensional stability is very poor. As a result, both end portions of the ondol floor are warped or bent, which causes structural instability and inconveniences during construction. This phenomenon is further exacerbated by the occurrence of moisture content imbalance during the manufacturing process by hot press.

In addition, the conventional ondol flooring material uses an organic solvent such as formaldehyde in surface coating, etc., and thus, house sick syndrome (VOC; Volatile Organic Compound) caused by this has become a problem in recent years and is environmentally friendly. The finishing material is needed.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide an environmentally friendly ondol flooring flooring having excellent dimensional stability, construction stability and economical efficiency and a method of manufacturing the same.

The present invention comprises a veneer, plywood, reinforcement layer from above, in order to achieve the above object, the plywood is three or more odd-numbered plywood, the reinforcement layer has a single plate or odd-numbered structure of the wood material, the entire laminated structure Is made of odd-numbered multilayer structure (odd lamination), the density of the reinforcing layer provides an ondol floor, characterized in that 100 ± 50% of the density of the veneer.

The present invention can secure structurally excellent dimensional stability and construction stability of the flooring flooring through the odd-numbered structure and the symmetric density balance. That is, it is possible to secure excellent dimensional stability by the symmetrical structure of the upper veneer layer and the lower reinforcement layer using the odd-numbered laminated plywood as the balance axis.

The plywood used as the base material layer in the present invention is three or more plywood, for example, odd-numbered laminated plywood such as three sheets, five sheets, seven sheets, nine sheets, 11 sheets laminated, preferably 5 Less than one laminated plywood, more preferably three laminated plywood, is used as the base layer.

The present invention has the effect of reducing the cost by minimizing the amount of plywood depending on the total imports by using a three-layer laminated plywood that was not previously used for ondol flooring. Construction stability and dimensional instability problems caused by the use of three laminated plywood can be solved by laminating a reinforcement layer made of another wood material having similar physical properties to the plywood.

The flooring floor of the present invention preferably uses three laminated plywood as the substrate layer, it is, of course, applicable to the existing five laminated plywood or seven laminated plywood.

In the present invention, the reinforcing layer is solid wood, veneer, plywood, particleboard, MDF (Medium Density Fiberboard), HDF (High Density Fiberboard), HPL (High Pressure Laminate), LPL (Low Pressure Laminate), OSB ( It is composed of at least one wood material selected from oriented strand board, flake board, flake board, block board, solid wood veneer, corrugated cardboard, and paper. Considering the physical properties such as fiber orientation and single plate, HDF, MDF, OSB, Flake board, more preferably using a single plate as a reinforcing layer. Particularly preferred as a reinforcing layer is a base plate of Bass wood, Japonica or Poplar species.

As a material constituting the reinforcing layer used for the purpose of reinforcing plywood in the present invention, the lower part of the plywood using various wood materials such as Veneer, HDF, MDF, PB, OSB, flake board, block board, solid wood, paper By applying to, it is possible to provide products of various structures. For example, differentiation of products can be induced by using wood materials such as solid wood and block board, which gives a sense of quality. In addition, by freely utilizing the material selection of the reinforcing layer, it is possible to select the type of plywood and to make products for various uses.

When applying different wood materials as reinforcement layers to plywood for underfloor flooring, material physical characteristics of the inherent density, moisture content, fiber anisotropy, etc. of each wood material, and these materials are laminated to the plywood for flooring Consideration should be given to interactions with different physical properties that may arise.

In this way, various product configurations are possible by analyzing factors that may affect product properties such as density, thickness, and water content, and selectively applying them according to the usage of products and the trend of supply and demand for raw materials.

In general, the ondol flooring material during the processing, in particular during the bonding of the veneer using a thermal pressure press, due to the stress (stress) caused by the water inclination is broken, the problem of warping or twisting the product occurs.

In the present invention, by performing a cold press process using a reinforcing layer, it is possible to maintain the moisture content equilibrium by minimizing the water inclination and the stress generated in the line process for bonding veneer using a hot press press, finally stacking and symmetrical odd number In addition to the density balance, the dol-floor flooring's dimensional stability structure can be induced to produce smooth products.

The plywood used in the present invention preferably has a cross lamination so that the grain direction is orthogonal. This is because the wood itself is laminated in a cross (cross) because the rate of dimensional change in the fiber width direction is greater than the fiber length direction to ensure stability.

Preferably, the underfloor flooring material of the present invention further includes a surface coating layer laminated on the veneer, and the coating material used for the surface coating layer is preferably a solvent-free type. In this way, by using a solvent-free type as a coating paint, it is possible to prevent sick house syndrome in advance and provide an environmentally friendly finish.

In the case of the solvent type, the certification level of the eco-friendly building materials can be obtained only at the general level, but in the case of the non-solvent type, it can be regarded as the most suitable type for the environment because it can maintain the highest level.

There are five levels of eco-friendly certification levels, namely Best, Excellent, Good, General I, and General II. In order to maintain the best indoor air quality environment, it is desirable to use the best or best grade material. .

Ondol ridge flooring of the present invention, at least one layer of the veneer, plywood, reinforcing layer is at least one material selected from charcoal, loess, silver, elvan, germanium, magnetite, jade, antimicrobial agent, insect repellent to provide various functionalities; At least one curing resin selected from epoxy, phenol, acrylic, melamine, polyurethane, unsaturated polyester, and diallyl phthalate; At least one filler selected from calcium carbonate, talc, titanium oxide, silica, glass powder, and silicon dioxide; And / or at least one flame retardant selected from phosphoric esters, halogenated hydrocarbons, antimony oxide, aluminum hydroxy, phosphate compounds, and dicyandiamide. Thus, by adding a substance such as a functional material, a curable resin, a filler, a flame retardant to the ondol flooring material of the present invention it can impart a variety of functionality to the ondol product.

In addition, the present invention comprises the steps of laminating a veneer on top of three or more odd-numbered plywood and integrated using a hot press; And laminating a reinforcing layer having a single plate or an odd number structure of a wood material on the lower part of the plywood on which the veneer is laminated, and integrating it using a cold press.

In the hot pressing step, by applying an adhesive to the veneer and plywood laminated veneer on the top of the plywood, using a hot pressing press at a pressure of 10 ± 5 kg / ㎠ at a temperature of 120 ± 10 ℃ as long as 30 seconds After integrating by thermocompression for 2 minutes, the semi-finished product is separated from the press and cured at room temperature.

In the cold press step, the adhesive is applied to the plywood and the reinforcement layer on which the veneer is laminated, and the reinforcement layer is laminated on the lower part of the plywood, and then pressed at a temperature of 10 ± 5 kg / cm 2 for 30 minutes to 2 hours using a cold press. After integration, curing at room temperature cures the adhesive.

Process conditions such as temperature, pressure and time of the hot and cold presses are optimally set in consideration of the water content correction system and the dimensional stability thereof.

The veneer expresses the appearance of natural materials and applies a variety of species to suit the taste of consumers. In other words, trees such as cherry, maple, oak, birch, etc. are used, and the result pattern is not the same depending on the wood, but only the wood grain and the wood board It is usually used to slice solid wood into a certain thickness.

Plywood is usually sliced to a certain thickness using Namyangjae and then laminated with three or more odd sheets. Three or more single sheets are bonded using a phenol resin or melamine resin adhesive so that the grain direction is orthogonal and pressed by pressing. Manufacture.

Various wood materials may be used as the reinforcing layer, but as the end plate, species such as Bass wood, Japonica, and Poplar are preferable.

A phenol resin or melamine resin adhesive, an epoxy adhesive, etc. can be used for the adhesive agent used at the time of integration of each layer, and an application quantity is suitably used in the range of 100-170 g / m <2>.

The surface coating layer is usually formed by UV coating. First, the surface of the veneer is removed to remove foreign substances, to facilitate the penetration of the paint onto the surface of the adherend, and the top, middle, and top coat layers are sequentially coated and cured. . At this time, the paint used is a solvent-free paint. After surface coating, in order to solve the problem of floor curvature and product differences caused by flooring flooring, T & G (Tongue & Groove) is cut.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the flooring flooring according to the present invention, the flooring flooring of the present invention is composed of the veneer 10, the surface layer from the top, plywood 20 as the base layer and the reinforcement layer 30 as the backing layer. .

The plywood 20 is three or more odd-numbered plywood, preferably three laminated plywood.

In the case of the reinforcing layer 30 in terms of material, considering the density relationship with the plywood, fiber orientation, high quality and functionality, such as solid wood, veneer, plywood, particleboard, MDF, HDF, HPL, LPL, OSB, flake board, laminated Wood materials such as lumber, wood veneer, corrugated cardboard, paper, etc. are preferable, and in terms of structure, it is preferable to have an odd sheet structure such as single plate or triple sheet plywood so that the entire laminated structure is an odd layer of multilayer structure. It is preferable that the density of 100 ± 50% of the density of the veneer 10 so as to achieve a density balance.

Although not shown in the figure, a surface coating layer is thinly formed on the upper part of the veneer 10, and a solvent-free paint is used for this surface coating layer.

In addition, in order to impart various functionalities in the ondol floor structure of the present invention, at least one of the veneer 10, plywood 20, reinforcing layer 30, charcoal, loess, silver, elvan, germanium, magnetite, jade, Functional substances such as antimicrobial agents and insect repellents may be added to impart beneficial functions to health such as far infrared radiation function, anion divergence function, antibacterial function and insect repellent function. In addition, curing resins such as epoxy, phenol, acrylic, melamine, polyurethane, unsaturated polyester, and diallyl phthalate can be added to improve physical properties such as durability, abrasion resistance, and water resistance, and calcium carbonate, talc, titanium oxide , Fillers such as silica, glass powder, silicon dioxide, etc. can be added to provide functions such as good ball field effect and thermal conductivity improvement, and phosphoric esters, halogenated hydrocarbons, antimony oxide, aluminum hydroxy, phosphate compounds, dicyandiamide, etc. Flame retardant can be added to provide flame retardant function.

3 is a cross-sectional view of the ondol flooring material according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein the ondol flooring material is a three-layer laminated plywood 21 as a base material layer, a single plate reinforcement layer 31 is applied as a reinforcement layer.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of FIG. 3, which is a structure of the most preferred ondol flooring material of the present invention, which is composed of veneer 10 + three pieces plywood 21 + end plate 31. The structure of the three-piece plywood 21 + end plate 31 is an optimal embodiment of the present invention satisfying both economical and dimensional stability at the same time. Using three-ply plywood reduces plywood costs compared to using five-ply plywood, specifically about 20%. In the case of the end plate 31, a species such as Chinese Poplar, which is low in weight and economical and easy to supply and demand, is preferable.

FIG. 5 illustrates a cross-lamination structure according to the present invention. In the case of a 5-ply plywood, a bottom plate, a sub-judge, a referee, a sub-judge, and a sign plate are formed from below, and each plate is laminated with the grain direction perpendicular to each other. Thus, it is possible to design stably by matching the rate of dimensional change and balance through the cross-lamination.

Figure 6 shows the density profile of the conventional flooring floor (Density Profile), due to the six even-number stack structure of the veneer 10 + 5-layer plywood 22, it can be seen that there is an imbalance of the density profile have. The peak part here represents an adhesive agent.

Figure 7 shows the density profile of the three plywood + single plate, due to the four even stack structure of the veneer 10 + three laminated plywood 21, this also the imbalance of the density profile biased toward the veneer 10 exist.

Figure 8 shows the density profile of the flooring flooring according to the present invention, by laminating the end plate reinforcement layer 31 on the back surface of the three sheet plywood 21, the veneer (10) + three sheet plywood 21 + single plate 31 It has a five-layered odd number stack structure consisting of), which can be seen that the upper and lower parts of the symmetrical density profile is balanced.

That is, it is understood that the structure of the veneer 10 + 3 sheet plywood 21 + end plate 31 is relatively density balanced compared to the structure of the veneer 10 + 5 sheet laminated plywood 22 shown in FIG. Can be. This indicates that the difference in the mass per unit volume, that is, the density, is small for the veneer 10 and the end plate 31. As a result, it means that the density balance between the veneer 10 and the end plate 31 is more stable than the structures of FIGS. 6 and 7.

In the present invention, it is preferable that the density difference between the veneer 10 and the end plate 31 is not large, and if the density of the end plate 31 is within a range of 100 ± 50% of the veneer density, the symmetrical density balance effect according to the present invention is achieved. You can expect Outside the density range, a density imbalance may occur as in the conventional ondol floor.

Since the veneer 10 is generally thin and has a high density, in the case of the end plate 31, the thickness can be adjusted according to the density in order to balance the density with the veneer 10. Considering the overall thickness of flooring flooring, economical efficiency, supply and demand, etc., a low density and somewhat thick end plate 31 is preferable. Therefore, as a result of searching for economic, easy-to-procure and low-cost species, Bass wood, Japonica or Poplar species were appropriate.

9 and 10 are photographs showing the degree of bending of the conventional flooring flooring, it can be confirmed that the distortion occurs even with the naked eye due to the bending phenomenon of about 10 mm.

11 and 12 are photographs showing the degree of bending of the flooring flooring in accordance with the present invention, because of the well-balanced structure (well balanced structure) the degree of bending 2mm level can not be confirmed by the naked eye.

Figure 13 is a schematic diagram showing the change in the moisture content by the hot press, generally integrating the plywood and veneer with a hot press in the manufacturing process of ondol floor, the water content is greatly reduced in the process of about 3.0% compared to the pre-heat pressure And stress due to the water gradient, thereby amplifying the dimensional instability.

14 is a schematic view showing a moisture control system (moisture control system) according to the present invention, wherein the moisture content correction layer is a reinforcement layer, using a reinforcement layer having a moisture content higher than the equilibrium moisture content in the wood, and the water content correction process by cold press By the moisture control process, the final product has a water content of 0.6%, which is close to the equilibrium moisture content in the finished product, thereby ensuring excellent dimensional stability.

15 and 16 are graphs showing the dimensional stability of the flooring flooring according to the prior art and the present invention, respectively, where the left side shows the dimensional stability against moisture and heat in units of mm and the right side. Through the odd-number stack structure, symmetrical density balance, and moisture content correction according to the present invention, it can be confirmed that the dimensional stability is superior to that of the conventional flooring floor.

17 and 18 show the results of gas chromatogram (GC) analysis of formaldehyde and VOC on the flooring floor according to the prior art and the present invention, where left is formaldehyde (HCHO), and right is total volatile organic compound ( TVOC's analytical data. In the present invention, by using a solvent-free coating material for the surface coating layer, the amount of HCHO and TVOC's is significantly reduced compared to the conventional ondol floor.

Table 1 compares the physical properties of the ondol flooring material of the present invention using a solvent-free coating material for the surface coating with the composition shown in FIG. 3 and the conventional ondol flooring material using the general solvent type UV paint in the configuration shown in FIG. 1. In all physical properties, it can be seen that the flooring flooring of the present invention is superior to the conventional flooring flooring.

Ondol floor of the present invention Conventional Ondol Floor Warp Stability (mm) 2 10 Dimensional stability (%) 0.14 (water), 0.20 (heat) 0.16 (water), 0.25 (heat) Dimensional stability (mm) -0.20 (normal), 9.23 (water), 2.73 (heat) 2.69 (normal), 10.01 (water), 7.06 (heat) HCHO (mg / ㎡h) 0.003 0.085 TVOC's (mg / ㎡h) 0.09 0.188

As a result of constructing the underfloor flooring material of the present invention in the initial two weeks winter heating condition and moisture-promoting condition mainly on the new building, the user evaluated that the appearance is clean and without any discoloration and the initial construction is good and the smell is not good at all. He evaluated that the product is flat and easy to install without deformation and gaps, making it very easy to install.

The present invention provides structurally excellent dimensional stability and construction stability of the flooring flooring through the odd-numbered laminated structure, cross-laminated structure, symmetrical density balance of the upper and lower parts, moisture content correction system.

When the ondol flooring material is manufactured with the product structure proposed in the present invention, all the current imports of foreign plywood can bring about cost reduction effect. In other words, the use of three-layer laminated plywood, which has not been used previously, as the plywood used as the main material for the floor of flooring materials, can minimize the use of plywood. I can have it. In order to compensate for the problems caused by the use of three-layer laminated plywood, other wood materials with similar material dimensional behavior can be laminated to the dimensional reinforcement layer, thereby inducing cost saving effects and ensuring more stable dimensional stability as well as construction stability.

In addition, by applying various wood materials to the dimensional reinforcement layer, it is possible to produce products of various structures, and by freely utilizing the material selection of the dimensional reinforcement layer, it is possible to select the type of plywood, to make products for various purposes, and to use various kinds of wood When used as a dimensional reinforcement layer, it can lead to product luxury and differentiation. Furthermore, by adding functional materials, curable resins, fillers, flame retardants, and the like, various functionalities can be imparted to ondol flooring products, and by reducing the amount of volatile organic compounds released, it can provide an environmentally friendly finish.

Claims (13)

From above, including veneer, plywood, reinforcement, The plywood is three or more odd-numbered plywood, the reinforcing layer has a single plate or odd-numbered structure of the wood material, the entire laminated structure is made of odd number of lamination (odd lamination), Ondol flooring flooring, characterized in that the density of the reinforcing layer is 100 ± 50% of the density of veneer, The ondol flooring material according to claim 1, wherein the plywood is a three-ply laminated plywood. The method of claim 1, wherein the reinforcing layer is solid wood, veneer, plywood, particleboard, medium density fiberboard (MDF), high density fiberboard (HDF), high pressure laminate (HPL), low pressure laminate ), OSB (Oriented Strand Board), flake board (Flake board), laminated board (Block board), solid wood veneer (Solid wood veneer), corrugated paper, ondol floor characterized in that made of at least one wood material selected from Flooring. The floor covering floor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the reinforcing layer is a single plate. The floor covering of claim 4, wherein the reinforcing layer is a base plate of bass wood, japonica, or poplar. The flooring floor according to claim 1, wherein the plywood has a cross lamination such that the grain direction of the wood is orthogonal. The floor covering material of claim 1, further comprising a surface coating layer on the veneer, and the coating material used for the surface coating layer is a solvent-free type. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one layer of the veneer, plywood, reinforcing layer is ondol, characterized in that it comprises at least one material selected from charcoal, loess, silver, elvan, germanium, magnetite, jade, antibacterial, insect repellent Parquet flooring. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of the veneer, plywood, reinforcement layer comprises at least one cured resin selected from epoxy, phenol, acrylic, melamine, polyurethane, unsaturated polyester, diallyl phthalate. Ondol ridge flooring. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of the veneer, plywood, reinforcing layer ondol floor characterized in that it comprises at least one filler selected from calcium carbonate, talc, titanium oxide, silica, glass powder, silicon dioxide. Flooring. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of the veneer, plywood, reinforcing layer comprises at least one flame retardant selected from phosphoric esters, halogenated hydrocarbons, antimony oxide, aluminum hydroxy, phosphate compounds, dicyandiamide Ondol flooring flooring characterized in that. Stacking veneer on top of three or more odd-numbered plywoods and integrating them using a hot press; And Laminating a reinforcing layer having a single plate or an odd number structure of the wood material on the plywood laminated plywood and the integrated method using a cold press press. The method of claim 12, wherein the cold press step is a method of manufacturing flooring flooring, characterized in that the compression process for 30 minutes to 2 hours to integrate at a pressure of 10 ± 5 kg / ㎠ at room temperature.

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