KR20040068796A - Method of cultivation of Enteromorpha prolifera - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A method of culturing Enteromorpha prolifera by installing a spat collecting frame apart from the bottom of the sea and then collecting and culturing Enteromorpha prolifera spats is provided. It permits mass production of high-quality Enteromorpha prolifera. CONSTITUTION: Enteromorpha prolifera is cultured by the following process consisting of: naturally or artificially obtaining spats of Enteromorpha prolifera; culturing the collected spats of Enteromorpha prolifera; and collecting the cultured Enteromorpha prolifera. In the stage for naturally obtaining spats of Enteromorpha prolifera, a spat collecting frame is installed at a distance of 20 to 40cm from the bottom of the sea at a location in which sea water is left at ebb tide or the time of exposure is 30min to 2hr at ebb tide, from June to August. The stage for artificially obtaining spats of Enteromorpha prolifera contains collecting and culturing an unripe leaf body, drying the cultured leaf body, preparing spore liquid by immersing the dried leaf body and inducing the release of spore and growing the pore by putting a spat collecting net into the spore liquid.

Description

Method of cultivation of Enteromorpha prolifera}

The present invention relates to a seaweed prickly oyster farming method.

Algae have been used for medicinal and edible foods since the Koreans settled on the Korean peninsula. Recently, various anti-cancer, anti-tumor and anti-human diseases have been developed using them, and their use as beauty and health ingredients has been recognized and used. Is spreading worldwide.

Korea's algae production increased rapidly due to the accumulation of cultivation technology and establishment of mass production system, and increased to over 750 thousand tons in 1994, but 374 in 2000 due to stagnation of domestic demand such as sluggish breed improvement and undeveloped processed products. At only 1,000 tons, the seaweed industry is in recession. In addition, Korea's seaweed farming is concentrated on a few aquaculture species such as seaweed and seaweed, causing many problems such as overproduction, reduced consumption, deterioration of quality and export. Therefore, new aquaculture varieties and profitable seaweed farming are absolutely necessary.

The thorny green ( Enteromorpha prolifera ) lives in a quiet place with long exposures and low fresh water at low tide, and is distributed throughout the country such as the east coast, west coast, south coast, and Jeju island. The green culture of Korea is mainly foliar ( Enteromorpha linza ), which is partially farmed in the big estuary of the south coast, such as Yongwon-dong, Jinhae- si , Gyeongnam, Wando, Mokpo, Gyeongsangnam-do. The annual output of seagrass was 17,248 tons in 1992, which was greatly reduced to 5,288 tons in 2000 (MOMAF, 2001). This is because Cheonhye's green nature nursery and farm, located in the mouth of the big river, is gradually disappearing due to the reclamation, reclamation project, and establishment of coastal water park. Therefore, there is an increasing demand for stable and planned production through the development of aquaculture technology including artificial seedling production method.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention develops artificial seedling production technology including spontaneous seedlings or spore release and splicer cultivation, and establishes a mass production system by developing a cultivation method. The aim is to enable mass production of green seaweed.

1 is a state in which the seedling frame is installed in the natural seeding stage.

Figure 2 is a state inducing spore discharge in the artificial seeding step.

Figure 3 is a post-positive form of seedling development stage.

Figure 4 is a class positive view of the seedling development stage.

5 is a view of harvesting mature leaf by hand.

For this purpose, the thorny greening method of the present invention is a seedling step of acquiring the seedlings of thorny green or artificially; Seedling nurturing step of nurturing seedlings of the spiny blue obtained in the seeding step; And it is characterized in that it comprises a harvesting step of collecting the thorny seed positive in the seedling nurturing step.

As an embodiment of the present invention, the seedling step of naturally acquiring the seedlings of thorny green is in June to October, when the seawater remains during low tide, or when the seabed exposure time is 30 minutes to 2 hours. It characterized in that it comprises a step to install 20 cm to 40 cm away from.

As an embodiment of the present invention, the seeding step of artificially acquiring seedlings of thorny seed may include: collecting and drying mature leaves; Dipping the dried leaf in water and inducing spore release to prepare spore fluid; And a spore engraftment step of putting the seedling net into the spore solution to engraft the spores.

As an embodiment of the present invention, the seeding step of artificially obtaining seedlings of thorny seed may include: culturing the immature leaves; Drying the cultured leaves; Dipping the dried leaf in water and inducing spore release to prepare spore fluid; And a spore engraftment step of putting the seedling net into the spore solution to engraft the spores.

Drying the leaf body as an embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the 12 ℃ to 18 ℃, and 12 to 24 hours to dry in the dark.

Preparing the spore solution as an embodiment of the present invention is to prepare the spore solution by immersing the dried leaf in water of 20 ℃ to 25 ℃ and stir while illuminating the light of 3,800 lux to 4,200 lux illuminance Characterized in that.

Spore cultivation step as an embodiment of the present invention is a spiny blue farming method, characterized in that the seeding net in the spore solution and dark treatment for 20 to 28 hours.

As an embodiment of the present invention, the step of culturing the immature leaves is characterized in that the immature leaves are incubated for 20 to 28 hours by shining light of 3,500lux to 4,500lux illuminance at a water temperature of 20 ℃ to 25 ℃.

As an embodiment of the present invention, the seedling cultivation step may include transplanting a part of the seedling to be exposed to the sea level in October to November, and removing the foreign material of the seedling.

As an embodiment of the present invention, the harvesting step is characterized in that the harvesting of the leaves in December to January.

The present invention will be described in detail through the following examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

Example 1

Prickly Blue Nature

Seedlings for thorny aquaculture are preferably grafted to the substrate after spores mature and release of spores, and the suitable time for harvesting these seeds is from June to October.

In addition, we selected the Habitat of Hawthorn Nature Community in Yongwon-dong, Jinhae-si, Gyeongnam, as a suitable place for seeding of thorns. At this time, seawater remained on the ground even at low tide with flat terrain so that the seedling frame could be leveled, or the exposure time of the ground was 30 minutes to 2 hours.

The seedling frame applied to the seedlings was made of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) -based net (1.8m × 40m), and it was weathered for about 10 days before using the seedlings and stored outdoors to make the surface rough. Used. The items needed to be fixed on both sides of the seedling frame as a natural seedling material, the loom to keep the level, the binder to fix the three nets to one seedling frame, and the rope to fix the seedling frame and the bark. Table 1 shows the materials for thorny green seedlings.

material standard Quantity Usage Razor PVA company, 40m × 1.8m 20 books Rapture Item Cedar, 10cm in diameter, 2m in height 20 Razor Net Porridge Bamboo, Diameter 3cm, Height 2m 130 Keep level Resolution Cremona, 52-ply PE rope, 9 mm diameter 200m200m Fixing nets and sticks Fixing nets and sticks

The following experiments were carried out to set the preferred height of natural seedlings and the installation height of the seedlings from the ground.

Experiment 1-1

As shown in FIG. 1, the thorny blue seedling frame was installed on the ground (0cm height) of the native habitat, and items were fixed on both sides of the seedling frame so as not to be lost to the blue or the flow rate. Its height was controlled by placing the pits at 2 ~ 3m intervals on both edges to keep the nets horizontal. Also, foreign matters and floats such as the algae attached to the nets were frequently removed during the seeding period.

Experiment 1-2

The thorny green seedlings were naturally seeded in the same manner as in Experiment 1-1, except that the thorny green seedling frame was installed 20cm above the surface of the native soil.

Experiment 1-3

Prickly blue seedlings were naturally seeded in the same manner as in Experiment 1-1, except that the prickly oyster seedlings were installed at a height of 40 cm from the ground of native plants.

Experiment 1-4

The thorny green seedlings were naturally seeded in the same manner as in Experiment 1-1, except that the thorny green seedling frame was installed 60cm above the surface of the native soil.

Experiment 2-1

In August, thorny greens were naturally harvested in the same manner as in Experiment 1-1, except that the thorny green seedlings were placed on the ground (0 cm high) of the native habitat.

Experiment 2-2

Prickly blue seedlings were naturally seeded in the same manner as in Experiment 2-1, except that the prickly oyster seedlings were set up 20 cm above the surface of the native soil.

Experiment 2-3

Prickly blue seedlings were naturally seeded in the same manner as in Experiment 2-1, except that the prickly oyster seedlings were installed at a height of 40 cm from the ground.

Experiment 2-4

The thorny green seedlings were naturally seeded in the same manner as in Experiment 2-1, except that the thorny green seedling frame was installed 60cm above the surface of the native soil.

Experiment 3-1

In October, the thorny green seedlings were naturally harvested in the same manner as in Experiment 1-1, except that the thorny green seedlings were placed on the ground (0 cm high) of the native habitat.

Experiment 3-2

Prickly blue seedlings were naturally seeded in the same manner as in Experiment 3-1, except that the thorny green seedlings were set up 20 cm above the surface of the native soil.

Experiment 3-3

The thorny green seedlings were naturally seeded in the same manner as in Experiment 3-1, except that the thorny green seedlings were placed 40 cm above the surface of the native soil.

Experiment 3-4

The thorny green seedlings were naturally seeded in the same manner as in Experiment 3-1, except that the thorny green seedling frame was installed 60cm above the surface of the native plant.

Seed blue seedlings according to the experiment is shown in Table 2 below. This is the growth density of 2-5 cm sized leaflets measured 7 days after the establishment of seedling facilities, and the number of leaflets per 10 cm of seedlings.

Seeding season Height of the seedling frame (cm) 0 20 40 60 June 298 ± 24 376 ± 51 335 ± 18 172 ± 9 August 237 ± 19 348 ± 27 243 ± 16 198 ± 14 October 189 ± 80 282 ± 21 314 ± 23 242 ± 32 Average 241 ± 17 335 ± 33 297 ± 19 204 ± 18

Experimental plots with more than 300 individuals / 10 cm of spiny blue leaflets were 20 cm and 40 cm in June, 20 cm in August, and 40 cm in October. Especially in June, the seedling volume of the ground was 298 ± 24 individuals / 10cm, and the amount of seedlings was greatly decreased at 60cm. In August, the seedling volume was high only at the 20cm high seedling frame, and in October, the seedling volume was high at 20cm and 40cm. Therefore, it is desirable to obtain seedlings of thorny blue by installing the seedling frame 20 cm to 40 cm high from the ground in June to October.

Example 2

Spiny blue artificial seedlings

Use of natural imitation

Imitation for artificial seedlings of thorny blue was collected from natural habitats from April to May. Most of the leaflets of this period were mature and pale green or yellowish green. The mature leaves were collected and immediately transported to the laboratory to remove algae and foreign matter from sterile seawater. The mature imitation was dehumidified and dried in a dark place for a while. The drying time depends on the moisture contained in the dummy, but should be dried for at least 12 hours. Drying for 24 hours is sufficient and no further drying is required. In addition, the drying should be carried out in a cool place, preferably 12 ℃ to 18 ℃ temperature. Then put a dry weight of about 5kg in a 1 ton round water tank and stir lightly with a rod to induce spore release (Fig. 2). The water of 20-25 degreeC water temperature is used at this time, Preferably the said water is sea water. In addition, at this time, the light of a certain illuminance should be shined. Preferably, when the emission is induced by light of 3,800 lux to 4,200 lux illuminance, most of the spores of the visible blue are emitted after 50 minutes of emission induction. Light below 3,800 lux took a long time to start spore emission, while light above 4,200 lux took a short time to start emission, but the final amount of spores decreased. The density of spores preferred for spore sapling was observed when 50 or more were observed per 100 times of the optical microscope. At this time, the imitation was taken out of the circular tank, and 10 seedling frames were put in the state of the spore solution. It was then darkened for 24 hours with black vinyl to ensure that the spores evened out. At this time, the dark treatment time should be at least 20 hours for the desired growth density, and after 28 hours no increase in the growth density was observed. After seeding, thorny green seedlings were cultivated indoors until August, consistent with natural conditions, and transplanted into benign fields in mid-September.

When thorny seedlings were in poor condition or lacked in the amount of seedlings, artificial seedlings were produced using immature leaves.

Use of imitation in nursing

In order to produce artificial seedlings with immature leaves, a method of releasing spores was obtained by collecting positive imitations. Positive imitations are in the growth stage, so maturation had to be promoted to induce spore release. Therefore, the collected positive imitation was immersed in water at 20 ° C. water temperature, and cultivated by shining light of 4,000 lux illuminance. The illuminance of light facilitating maturation was preferably 3,500 lux to 4,500 lux, and in light of 4,500 lux or more, the leaf turned dark brown. In other words, the maturity of the imitation is similar to that of induction of spore release, but a wider range of illuminance was possible than induction of spore release. Matured imitation could be identified by color change. When cultured for 20 hours or more, the change in imitation color could be visually observed, and after 28 hours of light, yellowish green color or spores were released. When the maturing maturation induced spore release in the same manner as when using natural imitation, spores released were collected and cultured.

Example 3

Training of seedlings

Holding type training

It was carried out in the water adjacent to the thorny green seedling site in Yongwon-dong, Jinhae, Gyeongnam. The training center is located in the sea facing Gadeok-do, Busan, where the tributary of the Nakdong River passes, and the salinity changes greatly and turbidity is also affected by fresh water throughout the year. This is where thorny blue habitats are disappearing due to the construction of new ports and the development of tidal flats. The thorny green chapel was built with solid items made of cedar on both sides to prevent the loss of facilities, and bamboo was placed at 5m intervals on both edges of the chapel to adjust the tidal level according to the difference between tidal waves. At this time, the seedlings were not exposed to the air (Fig. 3).

Positivity

It was performed in Wonpori, Hwayang-myeon, Yeosu-si, Jeonnam. This area is used as a sprayed clam farm, and the seabed soil is composed of gravel and nizil, and it is directly affected by fresh water during heavy rainfall. Anchor was used to anchor the chapel frame in the deep water and the high speed of the sea (Fig. 4), and it was installed to hang the rich man on the surface. Anchor was chosen to be able to fix the seedling frame on the blue or the flow rate using 40kg of steel, and the rich man hung 100's on both sides of the seedling frame and 20's at 5m intervals on the seedling's frame for maximum growth. It was installed to withstand the weight.

Table 3 shows the results of the thorny green test in Yongwon-dong, Jinhae-si, Gyeongnam, and Hwayang-myeon, Yeosu-si, Jeonnam.

Benign paper Harvest time Color Leaf size (cm) Yongwon-dong, Jinhae-si 1999.11 Light green 52.3 ± 10.5 12 green 68.4 ± 27.5 2000.1 Dark green 98.6 ± 14.0 2 Light green 93.7 ± 15.3 3 yellowish green 63.5 ± 9.0 Average length of leaf 75.6 ± 15.5 Yeosu Hwayang-myeon 1999.11 green 70.5 ± 13.7 12 Dark green 79.6 ± 17.5 2000.1 Dark green 97.7 ± 30.5 2 green 82.4 ± 39.0 3 Light green 60.3 ± 21.5 Average length of leaf 78.5 ± 24.5

In the early stage of the growth, the color of the leaf was light green, the leaf was soft and the growth was low. The largest growth rate of the leaf was between December and January (about 30cm in Jinhae, about 18cm in Yeosu) and the largest in January. In other words, the growth of the leaves was fast in the winter, the color was dark green. Therefore, it is desirable to start seedling production from October to November. At the end of the cultivation, the color was yellowish green and coarse, and the release of spores was observed in some leaves.

Example 4

Fishery management

Prickly pear breeding methods can be installed on a land-based or a class basis depending on algae, sea soil, water depth and topography. In order to increase photosynthesis and produce healthy leaflets, benign waters should be close to the surface and adequate exposure is required. Where thorny breeding grounds are located at river mouths or river entrances, they are often entangled with various floats and entanglements, so these foreign materials should be removed frequently, preferably every two to three days. . Especially after much rain, more careful management was needed. No litter was found to inhibit the growth of thorns. In the early stage of the breeding, miscellaneous algae grew and grew. Since algae were a competition, it was good to remove them when they were young, and when thorny greens grew, it was difficult to grow algae, so it was not a big problem. Occasionally, large brown algae and algae, including Mabanban, were pushed by the waves and grew together with farmed creatures in the seedling frame. Large seaweeds were frequently removed because they not only inhibited the growth of prickly oysters, but also were difficult to harvest.

Prickly blue sea is sensitive to environmental changes, so when the temperature rises abruptly and the temperature is high, the leaf body matures and the edges are discolored. When the leaves were dropped or discolored due to water pollution, they were exposed to the air or algae were facilitated.

Example 5

Collection of leaves

When the prickly oyster grows and the harvest time arrives, the leaf size is about 1m. It was better to collect by hand to avoid large damage to the leaf (Fig. 5), it was convenient to use a machine to collect a large amount at a time. Monthly harvests are shown in Table 4 below.

Collection area Harvest time Yield (kg / set) Yongwon-dong, Jinhae-si 1999.11 213.2 ± 40.0 12 254.0 ± 6.7 2000.1 204.7 ± 25.5 2 182.4 ± 25.3 3 175.2 ± 22.8 Total yield 1,028.3 ± 24.2 Yeosu Hwayang-myeon 1999.11 246.4 ± 17.3 12 295.5 ± 52.2 2000.1 283.4 ± 67.4 2 227.1 ± 73.2 3 192.6 ± 50.3 Total yield 1,243.4 ± 52.1

The sampling frequency is usually 4-6 times, and more than that depending on the region or crop. Production was highest in December and January. At Chaemyottle (1.8m × 40m) installed in Yongwon-dong, Jinhae-si, Gyeongnam, 1,028kg per unit and 1,243kg of Hwayang-myeon, Yeosu-si, Jeonnam were produced. The quality of the thorny green produced was higher in color and leaf quality in Yeosu, Jeonnam than in Jinhae, Gyeongnam. This difference in quality is caused by the environmental factors of the fishery. It is important to select a growth field for farming prickly oyster because the morphological variation is severe and the leaf growth is different depending on the habitat.

The present invention enables the production of thorny greenery, in particular, by providing a method of farming through the production of artificial seedlings of greenery. This is part of the development of new, more profitable aquaculture varieties, and by increasing the production of thorny seas that are disappearing due to various pollutions, it is possible to meet the demand for seagrass that is recently recognized and used as a beauty and health substance.

Claims (10)

A seedling step of naturally or artificially obtaining seedlings of thorny green; Seedling nurturing step of nurturing seedlings of the spiny blue obtained in the seeding step; And a harvesting step of harvesting the thorny seeds positive in the seedling nurturing step. The method of claim 1, wherein the seedling step of naturally obtaining the seedlings of thorny green is 20 to 20 minutes from the seabed where the seawater remains during the low tide, or 30 minutes to 2 hours during the low tide Spiny blue farming method comprising the step of installing so that the cm to 40 cm apart. The method of claim 1, wherein the seeding step of artificially acquiring seedlings of prickly pear is a step of collecting and drying the mature leaf body; Dipping the dried leaf in water and inducing spore release to prepare spore fluid; And spore engraftment step of inserting the seedling net into the spore liquid to spore the spores. The method of claim 1, wherein the seeding step of artificially acquiring seedlings of prickly pear is the step of collecting and cultivating immature leaves; Drying the cultured leaves; Dipping the dried leaf in water and inducing spore release to prepare spore fluid; And spore engraftment step of inserting the seedling net into the spore liquid to spore the spores. 5. The method of claim 3 or 4, wherein the drying of the leaves is carried out at 12 ° C to 18 ° C, and in the dark for 12 to 24 hours. According to claim 3 or 4, the step of preparing the spore solution is soaking the dried leaf body in water of 20 ℃ to 25 ℃ and stir while irradiating light of 3,800 lux to 4,200 lux illuminance to induce spore discharge Spiny blue farming method, characterized in that the preparation. 5. The method of claim 3 or 4, wherein the spore engraftment step is a spiny blue farming method, characterized in that the seeding nets in the spore solution and darkened for 20 to 28 hours. The method of claim 4, wherein the step of culturing the immature leaves thorny green culture method characterized in that the immature leaves are incubated for 20 to 28 hours in the light of 3,500lux to 4,500lux illuminance at a water temperature of 20 ℃ to 25 ℃. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the seedling cultivation step comprises transplanting a part of the seedling to be exposed to the sea level in October to November, and removing the foreign material of the seedling. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of harvesting thorny green culture, characterized in that the harvesting of the leaves in December to January.