KR20020015832A - Development of new thorn-free cultivar in Kalopanax septemlobus Koidz and method for agamogenesis thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: Provided is an asexual propagation method of a novel Kalopanax septemlobus (Thunb.) Koidz. which has no thorn but plain bark, propagates by grafting. CONSTITUTION: Kalopanax septemlobus (Thunb.) Koidz. has bark of 8.84±0.39mm in thickness, leaves of 16.26±0.62cm in length and 14.42±0.23cm in width and the number of lateral buds being 7±1.05. It has an excellent pharmacological efficacy, taste and aroma. Its germination is facilitated by the steps of: collecting seeds; dipping them in a plant growth regulating solution containing 1000ppm of gibberellin; storing them at 3-4 deg.C for one week then at 15-16 deg.C for one week by turns, for 10 weeks; and dipping them in flowing water for 72 hours.

Description

Development of new thorn-free cultivar in Kalopanax septemlobus Koidz and method for agamogenesis

The present invention belongs to the Kalopanax septemlobus Koidz. ( New species ) of the new thorn-free tree that has no thorns in the trunk , branches and shoots, and has a smooth bark; Asexual propagation method of the new thorn-free tree species by pedicle grafting and root cutting; And a method for promoting seed germination by plant growth regulating substances and ripening.

Yin- tree is a deciduous broad-leaved tree belonging to the araliaceae family and is also called cedar, oak, and thaw. Yin-trees scattered throughout the Korean peninsula grow well in the north, northeast, northwest slopes, valleys, and fertile forests, between 400 and 1,010 m above sea level. It is a deciduous broad-leaved arboreous tree, 20m high, gray with thorns, leaves are round, 10-30cm in diameter, divided into 5-9 branches, and the leaves are 7-30cm long, and the surface is almost hairless, but hairs on the back veins And there is mounting. Flowers bloom in July-August, yellow-green, 5mm in diameter, and fruits are black spheres, 4-4mm in diameter.

Yin-tree stems are light yellowish green or grayish brown and have beautiful luster and are mainly used as the finest materials such as utensils, furniture, and musical instruments. (Nakai, Araliaceae, 50, 1992; Lee Bo-seop, et al., Doha Herbal Prescription (Plant), 437-438,1990). Recently, studies on the extraction and separation of various kinds of saponins, lignin and antioxidants have been actively conducted (Shao et al ., Chem. Pharm. Bull. 37 (2): 311-314, 1989; Porzel et al. , Planta.Med . 58 : 481-482, 1992; Lee et al ., Kor.J. Pharmcogn . 26 (2): 122-120, 1995; Kim Young-Hee et al ., Journal of the Plant Resources Society of Korea, 11 (2): 89 -119, 1998), a new spring in early spring is known as Gadharum, and is used as a wild vegetable with high taste and aroma. On the other hand, Yin-tree itself is known as a species with high development value as greening or park because white flowers cover the trees and have beautiful trees, leaves and fruits when the flowers bloom in summer.

The rapidly developing biotechnological variant induction technology is expected to produce a wide variety of new varieties, but the induction of variants using chemicals or radioisotopes is very low in reproducibility in the natural state, resulting in tens or millions of genes. Only a small portion of them cause mutations in the gene's cloning process. In particular, since most of the induced variants are recessive factors and are suppressed in the expression of the mutants, the rare species that adapt to the surrounding environment are of great value. Therefore, the method of discovering the mutant species having new characteristics, inducing the varieties and establishing the mass growth method thereof has been widely used for the development of new plant varieties.

However, despite the high development value of the greenery, the development of new varieties is insufficient. Yin-tree is a genus of 1 genus 1 plant that grows only in Northeast Asia, such as Korea, Japan, China, and Eastern Russia. No tree has been reported.

Seed propagation is possible by seed propagation, root propagation and grafting as the seed propagation method, but seed propagation is a double dormancy seed with two-year germination characteristics. In this case, the growth rate is significantly lower with increasing age, so it is difficult to grow the mutant of old tree, and the growth by grafting is not performed. Therefore, it is urgent to develop new varieties and mass-proliferation methods of seedlings and to prepare measures such as the identification of asexual breeding methods, such as the excavation of varietal varieties having a completely new trait, the identification of asexual propagation methods such as root cutting or grafting, and the development of methods for promoting germination of seedlings.

Therefore, the inventors of the present invention, unlike the active research on new varieties of overseas countries, have repeatedly studied to overcome the reality that the research on the development of the native species is very poor. By successfully fixing and stably breeding into new varieties, the present invention was completed by developing new varieties of thorn-free trees with high added value as high-quality wood and food and medicinal species. Accordingly, the present invention proposes to actively cope with international conventions on plant protection, such as the UPOV Convention, and to secure a large amount of new varieties of high value.

Therefore, the present invention can be used for high-quality wood, it is an object of the present invention to provide a new varieties of wood easy to handle and process.

In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a new varieties of Yin-mu wood which is excellent in pharmacological effect, excellent in taste and aroma and easy to cultivate. Specifically, an object of the present invention is to provide a new varieties of thorn-free trees, characterized in that there are no thorns in the trunk, stems and shoots and the bark is smooth.

In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a stable growth method of thorn-free varieties that express stably the traits of the parameters by using asexual breeding methods such as grafting and cutting, a method of mass production by increasing the germination rate of seed seeds It aims to provide.

1 is a photograph of Cheongsong No. 1 of the thorny mutant weights selected from Cheongsong, Gyeongsangbuk-do,

Figure 2 is a photograph showing the process of fixing the quality by grafting and inserting the bark-free wood variant,

Figure 3a is a photograph showing the process of inducing varieties by grafting on the 1 year old pedestrian tree by taking the reception from the parameter,

Figure 3b is a photograph showing the appearance of the plant after being induced by pedicle grafting,

Figure 3c is a photograph showing the appearance of a new varieties of thorny trees grown by pedicle grafting,

Figure 4a is a photograph showing the process of inducing breeding by extracting the roots from the parameter,

Figure 4b is a photograph showing a state in which the roots are taken from the parameters and mass-proliferated by the muscle shovel,

4cIs This is a photo showing the new varieties of thorn-free trees that were nurtured by muscle shovel.

Figure 5a is a photograph showing the germination of seeds by the seeding of the seedling seed treatment treated with germination,

Figure 5b is a photograph showing the appearance of mass growth by the seeding of seedlings treated with germination promoting treatment.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a barbed varieties of bark, characterized in that there is no thorn in the trunk, stems and shoots and the bark is smooth.

In addition, it provides a method for stably propagating the mutant species by using the asexual breeding method of grafting and cutting, and provides a method of increasing the germination rate by plant growth regulators and ripening treatment on the seed.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

Yin variant used as a parameter in the present invention are two objects (Fig. 1) excavated from a natural group of the Cheongsong region of Gyeongbuk, has the characteristics of smooth bark without bark, stems and shoots. Cheongsong No. 1 is 31 years old, 7.8m tall, 26cm tall, 26cm wide, 3.5m wide, and has large leaves, smooth bark, and no thorns in trunks, stems and shoots.

In the present invention, the cultivars were fixed by grafting and muscle cutting for three years from 1998 to March 2000 using the above-mentioned mutant species, and the traits of the undercarriage-derived undercarriage were observed. It was confirmed that the trait is continuously expressed.

The new varieties of thorn tree of the present invention has an outer skin thickness of 8.84 ± 0.39mm, which is thinner than normal thorny trees, and has a leaf length of 16.26 ± 0.62cm and leaf width of 14.42 ± 0.23cm. It is 1.05 and features more than common thorny tree.

In the present invention, as an asexual breeding method capable of stably propagating the mutant species, it is preferable to use a pedicle grafting or a cutting method using rhizomes using a year-old tree, but is not limited thereto. In the case of grafting, it is desirable to collect the sap in early March, before the sap moves, and it is effective to wrap it in moss so that it does not dry out and put it in a plastic pack and store it at a low temperature of 3-4 ℃. As the tree grows, the tree is thicker and has more thorns, so it is difficult to grafting and the rate of slippage decreases. The grafting is preferably carried out before or after March 10 to April 10.

In the case of root cuttings, root cuttings are collected from the parameters and prepared to a certain size, and then inserted into the root cuttings containing plant growth regulating materials to promote rooting of the cuttings. The humidity is about 60% and the cutting temperature is about 28%. Maintaining within ℃ is more effective in increasing the sticking rate.

Root root insertion is preferably made by using the upper layer near the ground surface of the root of the root of the root of the root, and the rooting factor of the root of the root of the root of the seedlings is greatly different. When preparing the root insertion, the sample should be 8-12mm long and 10-14cm long, and stored at 3-4 ℃. In plant growth regulators, indolebutyl acid (IBA) and indole acetic acid (IAA) are preferred. ), Alone or in combination, is preferably used in the range of 500 to 1,000 ppm to promote rooting of the insert.

As the above-mentioned top soil, Peat-Moss potting compost, Perlite, Vermiculite, and sand are used alone or in an appropriate amount. It is preferable to use in the range of 1: 1 to 2.5: 1 (V / V) to increase the slidability. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the scrubbing rate was examined using various cultured soils, and showed the best adhesion rate in the soil mixed with peatmoss cultured soil and perlite in a 1: 1 ratio. 98% were active. Therefore, the root injection production amount is more than 10 per head, considering that more than 5 shoots per root injection insert, it can be seen that the root growth can be mass growth of the thorn tree of the present invention. After cutting, it is preferable to maintain humidity of 55 to 65% and temperature of 26 to 30 ° C, more preferably 60% of humidity and temperature of 28 ° C.

In general, the seed of seedlings is a double dormant seed, which has a germination characteristic for 2 years, and the germination rate of the year is known to be very low, around 8%. Therefore, in the present invention, the germination characteristics were investigated according to the type and concentration of plant growth regulators, whether or not ripening treatment and duration were performed to increase the germination rate of the thorny tree seed. As a result, GA ₃ (gibererine) was about 800 to 1500 ppm After treatment with warming for about 10 weeks at room temperature storage, the germination rate was high. In particular, when treated with GA ₃ 1,000ppm and after 10 weeks of cold storage treatment, the largest number of individuals germinated between 3 to 4 weeks of teeth, and the germination rate reached 90%. In the method of storing at room temperature, immediately after collecting the seeds of the tree, put them in a plastic pack, ripen at room temperature, and select the faithful seeds by the repair method. The seeds were treated with growth regulators without drying, and then mixed with sand at a ratio of 2: 1, and stored at wet and alternating temperature for 10 weeks alternately for 1 week at 3 to 4 ° C and 1 week at 15 to 16 ° C. It is preferred to soak for 72 hours.

The thorn tree of the present invention propagated through the process as described above can be widely used as the finest materials and nourishing tonic, neuralgia, etc., used as a source of saponin, lignin or antioxidants, or the new shoots are unique in taste and fragrance. Therefore, it can be used as a high-quality wild vegetable with high preference.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by examples.

However, the following examples are merely to illustrate the invention, but the content of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

Example 1 Selection of Umber Variants

Variants (parameters) used in the present invention are two individuals excavated in a natural group that is native to the valley slope of 400 m above sea level in Hyeondong-myeon, Cheongsong-gun, Gyeongbuk, March 1998. The variants have no thorns in the trunk, stems and shoots. Has smooth features. Among the variants, Cheongsong No. 1 is 31 years old, 7.8 m tall, 26 cm tall and 3.5 m wide, and Cheongsong No. 2 is 31 years old, 8.5 m tall, 31 cm wide, and 4.0 m wide. Table 1 shows a result of comparing the characteristics of ordinary Yin-tree.

characteristic Variant General object Bark Characteristics Skin thickness (mm) 4.64 4.42 Outer thickness (mm) 8.84 13.95 Bark weight (g) 0.33 0.30 Visibility none has exist Leaf characteristics Leaf length (cm) 16.26 14.38 Leaf width (cm) 14.42 11.43 Leafy plant length (cm) 17.06 16.58 Count of lodges () 6 7 Dynamic characteristics Base diameter (cm) 1.14 0.92 Number of side buds 7 3

As can be seen from the above, the selected mutant has the characteristics of not only smooth bark but also thin skin, and a great number of lateral incidences compared to the common tree, without any thorns in the trunk, stem and shoots (see FIG. 1).

Example 2 Investigation of Sliding Efficiency According to Grafting Conditions

1) Probability rate according to grafting method and timing

In order to induce varieties of thorn-free trees selected in Example 1, grafting was carried out over three years of 1998, 1999, and 2000 (FIGS. 3A to 3C). The sample was collected at the beginning of March, before the sap was transferred, and wrapped in moss so that it could not be dried, and then placed in a plastic pack and stored in a low temperature storage at 3 ~ 4 ℃.

Grafting method Sliding Rate by Grafting Time (%) March 10 March 20 March 30 April 10 Plywood Grafting 68 76 88 72 Incision 54 58 64 56

As a result, the sticking rate was the highest when grafting before and after March 30, and it was confirmed that the pedicle graft method was more effective than the cutting.

2) Probability rate following receipt of large tree

As a result of examining the sliding rate according to the tree planting, the tree planting age is 1 year, 2 years, 3 years and 5 years, respectively.

Large tree age (year) Grafted copy number Rooting head (bone) Ride rate (%) 1 year 100 88 88 2 years 60 48 67 3 years 60 32 53 5 years 60 24 40

As can be seen from the above, the lower the age of the tree, the higher the slipping rate, the highest rate of 88% when using a year-old tree, and the higher the number, the lower the slipping rate.

Considering the above results, it was confirmed that the cultivation of varieties by grafting showed the best result with 88% when the pedicle was grafted on March 30 using the young tree of 1 year old.

Example 3 Investigation of Root Sliding Rate According to Type of Soil

In order to investigate the possibility of breeding by root cuttings, the rooting rate of root cuttings according to the soil was investigated (Figs. 4A to 4C). In the experimental method, the root canal insertion was collected from the parameters in early March, 1998, before the sap was transferred, and stored in a cold storage room at 3-4 ° C. The sample was cut into 12 ± 2 cm in length, and then vermiculite and perlite. , Sand and pit moss (Peat-Moss potting compost: PKS2) was inserted into the culture soil alone or mixed in appropriate amounts, respectively, and the slidability was examined (Table 4). After root cutting, the humidity was maintained at 60% and the cutting temperature within 28 ℃.

Sato Cutting copy number Rooting head (bone) Ride rate (%) sand 60 16 27 PKS2 + sand + pearlite (1: 1: 1) 60 22 37 Vermiculite + Pearlite (1: 1) 60 11 18 PKS2 + Pearlite (1: 1) 60 29 48 PKS2 60 24 40

Root root insertion rate was higher when PITMOS cultured soil was used. Especially, when the soil mixed with PITMOS cultured soil and ferrite was 1: 1, it showed the highest sticking rate (48%). The possibility of fixation was confirmed. In addition, the samples were collected from the area close to the ground surface from the soil surface, showing a high sticking rate.

Example 4 Investigation of Root Cutting Conditions for Mass Growth

In order to investigate the possibility of mass growth by root injection, the root root insertion was cut into 12 ± 2cm length by using annual root as a sample.

Sato Upper part Mezzanine Lower tier sand 80 58 25 PKS2 + sand + pearlite (1: 1: 1) 84 60 28 Vermiculite + Pearlite (1: 1) 78 54 26 PKS2 + Pearlite 98 67 42 PKS2 92 64 40

As a result of investigating the sorption rate of each part and culture soil, the upper part sample mixed with Pitmos cultured soil and perlite (1: 1) showed the best sorption rate of 98%. There were also significant differences in the number and growth of shoots. In particular, the upper part of the root seedling of the annual seedlings is 98% active, and considering that it is possible to produce 10 or more root root inserts per 1 year seedling and 5 or more shoots per root root seedling, Mass growth is expected to be possible.

<Example 5> Promoting germination of plant seeds by plant growth regulator and ripening

In order to find the optimal propagation condition by seed sowing, after collecting the seed of the tree, the germination characteristics according to the concentration of plant growth regulator gibererin and the ripening method are shown in Table 6. In Table 6, gibbererine was treated from 0 to 1,500 ppm. As a ripening method, air storage was selected by drying the seed and dried in a dark place at room temperature. After mixing at a ratio of 2: 1, the mixture was refrigerated at about 4 ° C., and the open-air store was stored in a well-drained pond with seeds mixed with the wet sand. On the other hand, wet storage was stored at room temperature for about 10 weeks alternately for 1 week at 15 ~ 16 ℃, about 1 week at 3 ~ 4 ℃, and then immersed in running water for about 72 hours after treating gibbererin in a faithful seed. .

process GA₃concentration (ppm) 0 10 100 500 1,000 1,500 Storage 0 0 0 0 5 5 Wet and Cold Storage 45 52 57 50 71 52 Humidity storage 69 48 67 62 90 74 Open-air store 60 38 55 60 71 69

As a result, the germination rate of the wet-treated seeds in the ripening treatment group was much higher than that of the other treatments, and especially, when the concentration of gibbererin was 1000 ppm, the germination rate of 90% was shown to be effective for the growth of yeast trees. . On the other hand, germination was the most germination when the tooth is between 3 to 4 weeks. Therefore, as a general method, it was confirmed that the seed germination rate of only about 8% can be increased to more than 90% by treatment with controlled temperature storage and gibberelin concentration. (FIG. 5A, FIG. 5B)

According to the present invention, thorn-free wood according to the present invention is a high-quality wood and food and medicinal species, which has excellent pharmacological effect, excellent taste and aroma, and no thorns, which makes it easier to handle in cultivated farms, thus increasing labor productivity, and using wood after harvesting. No process required

In addition, the asexual propagation method according to the present invention has the advantage not only to express the same genotypes as the parameters, but also to secure a large amount of plants grown stably, and the germination rate of seeds seed germination rate of 90 You can increase it by more than%.

Claims (13)

A thorn-free plant, which is a cultivar of Kalopanax septemlobus Koidz., Characterized by thorns in the trunk, stems and shoots and smooth bark, cultivated by grafting or cutting. According to claim 1, wherein the outer skin thickness of the mutant plant is 8.84 ± 0.39mm thinner than the common thorny tree, leaf length is 16.26 ± 0.62cm, leaf width 14.42 ± 0.23cm, leaves are smoother than the common thorny tree, 7-1.05 thorns, without thorns, characterized by more than ordinary thorns. Method of asexual growth by grafting or cutting the thornless varieties of claim 1. The graft of claim 3, wherein the graft is grafted to a tree that is 1 to 2 years old and harvested at a low temperature of 4 ° C or less before the sap moves. How to breed asexually. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the grafting is carried out before or after March 10 to April 10, wherein the thorn-free varieties of lush trees are cultivated by grafting. The method of claim 3 wherein the cutting is 1) extracting the root canal insertion in the upper layer of the root of the root closest to the ground from the soil surface; 2) immersing the base of the insert into a solution comprising plant growth regulator; 3) inserting the immersed insert into the cutting soil; And 4) A method for asexual propagation of thorn trees by cuttings, comprising the step of maintaining the cuttings at a humidity of 55 to 65% and a temperature of 26 to 30 ° C. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the cuttings of step 1 are made 12 cm long from the top of the roots of the roots closest to the ground surface of the roots. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the plant growth regulator of step 2 is indolebutyl acid (IBA) or indole acetic acid (IAA) or mixtures thereof. The cutting soil of claim 6, wherein the cutting soil of step 3 is cultured soil containing pitmoss soil (PKS2), vermiculite, perlite, and sand alone or mixed thereof. How to breed. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the cutting soil is cultured soil obtained by mixing pitmos cultured soil and perlite in a ratio of about 1: 1 to 2.5: 1. A method of promoting germination of a seedling of a seedling, characterized in that the seedlings are treated with plant growth regulating substances and ripened by heat storage for 9 to 11 weeks. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the plant growth regulator is gibbererin and the treatment concentration is about 800 to 1500 ppm. The method of claim 11, 1) harvesting seeds; 2) immersing the seed in a solution of plant growth regulator comprising about 1,000 ppm of gibberelin; 3) storing the seeds at about 1 week at 3 to 4 ° C and about 1 week at 15 to 16 ° C alternately for about 10 weeks; And 4) immersing the seed in running water for about 72 hours.