KR20010085757A - Shift safety device for an automatic gear box - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention particularly relates to a shift safety device for the reversing gear of an automatic gearbox which is shocked at the central selector shaft 1 which selects the gear stage to be converted and is equipped with at least one actuator for converting the gear stages. (4), and at the same time the shift safety device (4) impacts the selector shaft (1) in such a way that the actuator must overcome the preload generated by the preload device in order to select and / or switch gear stages. It is a preloading device that applies.

Description

Shift safety device for automatic gearbox {SHIFT SAFETY DEVICE FOR AN AUTOMATIC GEAR BOX}

Automotive gearboxes are already disclosed in the prior art. Until now, the concept of gearboxes has been particularly understood as a manual transmission. In the case of the transmission, the driver of the vehicle equipped with the gearbox carries out a process of selecting a switching lane and switching gears by hand using a shift lever. In the meantime, automated gearboxes with such manual transmissions have been known. In the case of the automatic gearbox, the selecting operation and the switching operation of the selected gear stage are carried out, for example, by an actuator installed in the gearbox to be controlled programmatically. In the case of the conventional manual transmission, the position of the shift lever allows the driver of the vehicle to move the gearbox to the current gear stage when the power train is deactivated between the shift lever and the actuating element in the gearbox. Will have information. If a failure in the form of a fracture, such as a power transmission lever, occurs at the power transmission position between the shift lever and the actuating member in the gearbox, this can be confirmed by the driver when selecting or switching on the shift lever. In the case of an automated gearbox, it is possible for the actuator to be installed in the form of an electric motor for the selection and switching of the selected gear stage, thereby preventing the driver from obtaining any information about the defects mentioned above. In an automated gearbox, for example, two motors can be used for position measurement in the motor to detect the selection operation and the switching operation. Thus, for example, while operating the center selector shaft, a defect in a mechanical system arranged under the electric motor cannot be identified. Therefore, it is meaningful and proven necessary to provide a shift safe for an automated gearbox. The shift safety device helps to prevent the gear stage from engaging in an unintended manner in the event of a failure of the mechanical power transmission member between one or a plurality of actuators located in the automated gearbox and the operating members in the gearbox. This is especially true when the automated gearbox does not switch over to the reverse gear.

The present invention relates, in particular, to a shift safety device for reverse gears of an automatic gearbox, according to the opening paragraph of claim 1.

1 is a cross-sectional view of a center selector shaft having a preload device disposed in contact with the center selector shaft,

FIG. 2 is a view similar to the sectional view according to FIG. 1, in which the central selector shaft additionally has a conical bore for fixing the installation position,

3 is a view of FIG. 2 when viewed from above;

4 is a view of a center selector shaft having a modified working surface,

FIG. 5 is a view of FIG. 4 as viewed from above; FIG.

Fig. 6 is two schematic diagrams related to gear switching for explaining the arrangement position of the shift safety device.

* Brief description of the major reference numerals

1. Center selector shaft 2. Shaft body

3. Diminishing diameter 4. Preloading device

5. Selector finger 6. Ball

7. Compression Spring 8. Shoulder

9. Actuator Housing 10. Bore

11. Shifter fork mouse 12. Shift rail, shifter fork

13. Working surface 14. Conical surface

15. Conical Surface

16. Position of center selector shaft

17. Position of shift safety device for reverse gear

1-2. Switching lane

A. Longitudinal direction

N. Neutral

R. Switching Lanes

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a shift safety device for an automated gearbox with a central selector shaft which blocks the case of unintentional engagement of the reverse gear.

In order to solve the above object, the present invention includes the features set forth in claim 1 of the claims. Preferred formations in this regard are described in further claims.

Therefore, a shift safety device for reverse gear of an automatic gearbox is provided. The automatic gearbox is equipped with at least one actuator for impacting the central selector shaft for the selection of the gear stage to be switched and for the shifting of the gear stage, and at the same time the shift safety device for the selection and / or shift of the gear stage. The actuator for this is one preloading device, which also impinges on the central selector shaft in such a way that it must overcome the preloading force generated by the preloading device. Although the preload device is in particular designed for the reverse gear of the automatic gearbox, it can also be used for other gear stages of the automatic gearbox, depending on the mounting position of the central selector shaft in the gearbox housing.

The preloader in contact with the center selector shaft, such that the preloader is in contact with the center selector shaft with a preload, allows the movement of the reverse gear into the switching layer, for example, by an actuator flanged to the gearbox housing. Without being intentionally caused by programmed control, the central selector shaft helps to avoid the switching layer or switching operation of the automatic gearbox, for example the reverse gear, in an unintended manner. Therefore, by using the shift safety device according to the present invention, it is possible not to switch to the reverse gear in an uncontrolled manner even when the gear stage is engaged for the forward driving of the vehicle equipped with the automatic gearbox. If, for example, it is not the case, ie breakage has occurred at the position of the mechanical actuating member between the actuator and the center selector shaft or an actuator or a plurality of actuators for the operation of the center selector shaft for the selection and / or switching of gear stages Even when a malfunction occurs when controlled, what can be achieved is achieved.

If the driver of an automobile equipped with an automatic gearbox wishes to put in the reverse gear, in this regard he acts on the shift lever, for example, so that the actuator for the selection of the switching lane in which the reverse gear is located is, for example, in the gearbox housing. It is controlled by a control device that can cause axial movement of the center selector shaft. Since the preload device is in contact with the center selector shaft so that the preload force can impact the center selector shaft, the actuator for the selection of the switching lane including the reverse gear must overcome the preload. Electromagnetic actuators, for example, obviously lead to higher wiring currents. The current can be measured by the controller, and in this respect, the switching lane of the reverse gear has been chosen, which is also based on the shift lever operated by the driver to the corresponding position and also desired by the driver. It is estimated that

According to a further development of the invention, the preloading device is adapted to maintain the center selector shaft in the neutral position of the gearbox or at any stage based on a shift interlock, without the actuator impacting the center selector shaft. It is proposed to hold at a position where it is not possible to interlock. For this purpose the center selector shaft has a plane of action. Such a surface and the preload device come into contact, whereby the preload generated by the preload device is induced through the working surface into the central selector shaft. The preload can of course only take very small values, and for example its nature can only be present in the following degrees. That is, when the center selector shaft is mounted in the vertical position in the gearbox housing, gravity acceleration acts on the center selector shaft adjacent to the preloader by the working surface, and only in the axial direction of the center selector shaft passing through the actuator. Operation will result in the generation of higher preload. This is because the intended accompanying axial actuation of the central selector shaft causes the preloader to impact at the preload accompanying the preloader. In the case of the preload involved by the preload device, its presence or increase can be identified by a constant or increasing wiring current of the actuator.

According to an improvement of the invention the working surface may be a recess provided in the central selector shaft. The cavity is in contact with the preload device. If the center selector shaft is formed, for example, as a turned part, the working surface may be a diameter taper in the diameter of the center selector shaft. The diameter diminishing portion includes a shoulder, which is in contact with the preheater without impacting the central selector shaft. Example caused by the preloading device having to overcome the shoulder of the center selector shaft so that the center selector shaft can be transported into the switching lane with the reverse gear when the shaft of the center selector is axially moved under the control of the actuator. The actuator must overcome the pressure.

According to another refinement of the invention the working surface comprises two conical cross sections. The cross sections are adjacent to each other with their own small surface, whereby the preloader is brought into contact with the conical surface to produce a preload force acting in the axial direction of the center selector shaft when the gear stage is switched. In other words, the point of action contains an inflection point, in detail the conical section contains the inversion point at a position which is adjacent to each other with its always small surface, thereby preloading it. The device impinges on the cone-shaped surface of the conical cross section not only in the gear stage shifted forward but also in the reverse stage, resulting in a constant preload when the gear is switched, Thereby, vibrations or swings of the central selector shaft, which may occur in the shifted gear stages, for example by swings induced by the internal combustion engine of the motor vehicle or when driving the motor vehicle on an unpaved road, are blocked.

According to another refinement of the invention, the central selector shaft comprises one groove. The groove is in contact with a preload device for installing the actuator in the gearbox to determine the installation position of the actuator. After installation of the gearbox actuator, the learning process for the route to be used should be initiated based on the distance traveled with the allowable deviation. In other words, the actuator must reciprocate between the marginal zones of the travel distance to determine the travel distance used by the actuator. At the same time, for this purpose the automatic gearbox should not be located in one switched gear stage, so that the grooves provided on the selector shaft will function as a position fixer during installation.

According to another refinement of the invention, the preload device is a compression spring loaded by a ball. The spring is housed in the housing of the actuator so as to be transportable. Therefore, the axial movement of the central selector shaft over the actuator will cause the spring to pressurize to the corresponding preload through the ball rolling on the working surface, thereby the current of the electromechanical actuator based on the preload generated by the spring. The rise of can be grasped by the controller. In a corresponding manner the above causes a pressure rise in the piston cylinder unit of the hydraulic actuator, for example in the case of a hydraulic actuator.

The shift safety device according to the invention makes it possible to block unintended selection and / or switching of the gear stages of the automatic gearbox. This can be initiated by sliding according to the gravity of the selector shaft in the gearbox housing even if the mounting position of the center selector shaft in the automatic gearbox is vertical, whereby the gearbox is in a neutral position. Instead it will be in the position of the switching lane selected for the reverse gear. The invention is explained in more detail in the following according to the drawings.

1 relates to a shift safety device for an automatic gearbox according to a first embodiment according to the invention.

The center selector shaft 1, which is shown only in cross section, comprises a cylindrical shaft body 2, which has the action or contact with the preloading device indicated by (4) as a full cavity reference. The diameter haptic part 3 provided as a working surface or a contact surface for this is formed.

In the lower part of the diameter diminishing part 3, the center selector shaft 1 contains one actuating member in the form of a selector finger 5. The central selector shaft 1 is then axially, again from an actuator in the form of a motor, schematically illustrated, for example, through a gearbox which can be a worm gear in the gearbox housing in which the central selector shaft 1 is fitted. In other words, it can be conveyed in the longitudinal axis direction of the center selector shaft 1 indicated by the arrow A. FIG. The movement of the center selector shaft 1 in this longitudinal direction thus causes the selector finger 5 to move into different switching lanes of the gearbox in which the gear stage to be switched is located. For example, if the first gear is engaged from the position of the gearbox shown in Fig. 1, the center selector shaft 1 is moved or lifted in the axial direction by the actuator, whereby the selector finger 5 is switched. The first gear reaches the inside of the switching lane 1-2. In other words, in the case of the arrangement according to FIG. 1, the center selector shaft 1 is reached by an actuator such that the selector finger 5 of the center selector shaft 1 reaches within the switching lane named (1-2). Whereby the finger is lifted up slightly until it can proceed into a shifter fork mouth. Then the actual shifting or engagement of the first gear is initiated by the rotational movement of the center selector shaft 1 via the shifter fork mouse, while at the same time the center selector shaft 1 is adapted to the center selector shaft ( It is actuated by the actuator responsible for the longitudinal movement of 1) or by an additional actuator, whereby the center selector shaft executes a rotational movement in its circumferential direction. The selection operation is also carried out by the longitudinal or reciprocating motion of the center selector shaft and the switching operation by the rotational movement of the center selector shaft, and at the same time, the reciprocating motion is used for the switching operation, and the rotational motion is performed for the selection operation. It becomes possible to use.

As can be seen at a glance according to FIG. 1, the center selector shaft 1 proceeds for the selection and switching of gear stages from one to five gears, whereby an impact is exerted by the compression spring 7. The preloading device 4 with its own ball 6 proceeds in the diameter diminishing portion 3.

However, as soon as the reverse gear of the automatic gearbox is engaged, the center selector shaft 1 must proceed so that the selector finger 5 can reach within the switching lane for the reverse gear named "R". For this purpose the actuator must move the center selector shaft 1 downwards on the drawing layer, whereby the ball 6 is drawn from the area of the working surface formed as the diameter diminishing portion 3 of the center selector shaft 1. You will exit. As can be seen at a glance, the diameter diminishing portion 3 rises up through the shoulder 8 into the area of the central selector shaft 1 disposed above the diameter diminishing portion 3. As such, the ball 6 must overcome the shoulder 8 and must also be conveyed in the direction of the compression spring 7. This movement of the ball 6 is due to the increase in the preload generated by the compression spring 7, ie the gearbox based on the adjoining position of the ball 6 with respect to the shoulder 8 as shown in FIG. 1. It causes the force generated by the compression spring 7 to rise above the pressure created in position.

The actuator which moves the center selector shaft 1 in the direction of the arrow A must overcome the increasing preload of the compression spring 7, which leads to an increase in wiring current in the case of an actuator formed as an electric motor. This can be grasped by the control device for the actuator, whereby it can be compared whether the selection of the reverse gear switching lane corresponds to the driver's wishes and also, for example, the position of the shift lever of the vehicle. If the actuator accompanying the axial movement of the center selector shaft 1 is not energized, the center selector shaft 1 will only be able to contact the shoulder 8 when mounted vertically. Can only descend until This may correspond to the neutral position of the gearbox, and excludes the case where the center selector shaft 1 moves unintentionally up to the area of the reverse gear switching lane "R".

The preload device 4 can be mounted as a snap-in locking device in the actuator housing 9, shown only in cross section, whereby the spring-loaded ball 6 has a central selector shaft 1. Pressure). The transition from the diameter diminishing area of the center selector shaft into the larger diameter, ie the area with the shoulder 8, also corresponds to the selection position of the automatic gearbox, which switching is adjacent to the reverse gear switching lane "R". Located between lanes 1-2. The selection position in the center of the two switching lanes may correspond to a shift interlock present in the gearbox, in which case no gear stage can be engaged. This is because pressure is applied simultaneously on both shifter fork mice. If the reverse gear is engaged, the spring-loaded ball 6 must overcome the force of the compression spring 7 in the actuator housing 9 over the shoulder 8 formed as a slope. In this connection, a certain driving work is required. In this case, the inclined shoulder 8, the ball 6, and the compression spring 7 are also in the case where the actuator in charge of the selective operation is in a worst case, i.e., the temperature is high, and the engine torque is at the minimum allowable deviation limit. It is assigned to provide a driving operation. However, at this time, the speed of its own rotation is reduced, so that the control device can detect the selection of the reverse gear switching lane in the engagement of the reverse gear or the increase of load, which means that the forward gear switching lanes (1-2, 3-4, This is because none of the choices in 5) are associated with similar loads in the selection direction. If breakage of the actuating member between the actuator and the center selector shaft 1 occurs, the center selector shaft 1 cannot enter the reverse gear switching lane "R" by itself when arranged at right angles. This position may then correspond to the neutral position of the gearbox or to the position described above, in which no gear stage can be engaged.

In the case of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 the center selector shaft 1 further comprises a conical bore 10 in addition to the feature according to FIG. 1. If the center selector shaft 1 is moved in the reverse gear switching lane " R " direction, the ball 6 can be engaged and fixed into the bore. The engagement of the ball 6 in the bore 10 serves to fix the installation position. In other words, when installing the actuator in the gearbox serves to determine the position of the center selector shaft (1). If the ball 6 is positioned and positioned in the bore 10, it is ensured that no gear stage of the gearbox is engaged. In this position the gearbox actuator can also be installed in the gearbox and carry out the learning process for the distance traveled to it for selective operation. In other words, the gear stage of the gearbox is not engaged. The bore 10 can be provided at the height of the reverse gear switching lane " R " based on the low number of transitions of the reverse gear as compared to the forward gear. If the gearbox actuator is also to be flanged to the gearbox, the center selector shaft 1 has a spring loaded ball 6 pressed into the bore 10, thereby compressing the travel of the center selector shaft 1. It is positioned in the gearbox in a possible way only when the preload of the spring 7 is overcome. The center selector shaft 1 is therefore fixed for installation of the gearbox actuator taking into account its position.

The actual switching operation from the neutral position to the reverse gear is accompanied by the rotational movement of the center selector shaft 1. 3 shows that the center selector shaft 1 is conveyed into the reverse gear switching lane "R", so that the selector finger 5 is engaged in the shifter fork mouse 11 of the shift rail 12. The position of the ball 6 in the bore 10 of the center selector shaft 1 is shown. If the gearbox is still in the unswitched position, that is to say in the neutral position "N", the reverse gear is still unswitched, whereby the center selector shaft 1 ) Must be rotated by the actuator in its circumferential direction, ie in the direction shown by arrow "B", thereby shifting to the position of the gearbox with reverse gear "R" switched from neutral position "N". .

Finally, FIG. 4 shows that the two conical surfaces 14, 15 have a central selector shaft 1 with one conical working surface 13 arising as their surfaces extend over each other in a contiguous manner with smaller diameters. It is shown. This formation of the working surface 13 produces a preload force acting in the axial direction of the center selector shaft 1 by means of the ball 6 and the compression spring 7 based on the surfaces 14, 15 which are always inclined. And furthermore, the selector fingers 5 of the center selector shaft 1 are located in different switching lanes 1-2, 3-4, 5, and the center selector shaft 1 has its own circumference to entail switching. The preload is also generated when it is rotating in the direction so that vibration or swing of the central selector shaft 1 is avoided in its longitudinal direction, thereby possibly unintentionally releasing the engaged gear stage. This provides the advantage that the swing of the center selector shaft 1 is interrupted. Thereby the axial force acting on the center selector shaft 1 when the gear stage is switched causes the selector finger 5 to be supported on the adjacent shifter fork mouse, thereby between the selector finger and the switching lane boundary. The vibration of the selector finger caused by the swing of the center selector shaft 1 in the gap of is suppressed.

FIG. 5 shows the arrangement as shown in FIG. 3, in other words the position of the center selector shaft 1 present in the reverse gear switching lane “R”. In the case of the center selector shaft 1, which is formed using the conical working surface 13, the conical bore 10, which is also provided for mounting and fixing the center selector shaft 1, selects the reverse gear switching lane "R". It is located at the height of the movement distance of the center selector shaft 1 which arises at the time. If the reverse gear is engaged, the center selector shaft 1 rotates in the direction of the arrow B, whereby the selector finger 5 disposed in the shifter fork mouse 11 carries the shifter fork 12, This may cause the reverse gear "R" to engage.

Finally, FIG. 6 shows two H-type shift patterns of the gearbox for explaining the arrangement position of the mounting fixture and the position of the shift safety device for the reverse gear. Always, reference numeral 16 denotes the fixed position of the center selector shift 1 at the time of installation of the actuator, while reference numeral 17 denotes the position of the shift safety device for the reverse gear.

If the reverse gear is engaged, the control device controls the selector motor provided as an actuator, which moves the center selector shaft to the selected switching lane, ie to the selected position. In this case, if the rotational speed of the selector motor is below a preset threshold, it is checked whether the achieved selection position corresponds to a shift safety device acting as an interlock for the reverse gear. If not, the controller confirms that, within the scope of its own programmed control, there is a fault and the fault terminates the programmed control. If the selected selection position corresponds to the position of the shift safety device, it is confirmed that the reverse gear interlock has been achieved and, as a result, the programmed control has ended again. On the contrary, if the rotational speed of the selector motor is not less than the predetermined threshold value and the selected position achieved already corresponds to the reverse gear, this is possible based on the position grasping in the selector motor or by the selector motor, To this end, the above-described learning process serves to determine the moving distance that is used. Thus, a defect occurs, and as a result, the programmed control ends. If the rotational speed of the motor does not decrease below the previously described threshold, and the selected position achieved does not already correspond to the reverse gear, the controller continues to control the selector motor to move the center selector shaft.

Possible defects in the selector mechanical system for the operating path from the selector motor to the center selector shaft can be recognized by the selector motor acting as an actuator for the switching operation. In other words, if the selector motor is controlled until it moves to the selected position, and if the selected position is reached, the selector motor can be controlled until it proceeds in the direction of the final position of the gear. If the achieved switching position is greater than the preset threshold, no shift interlock is recognized on the path until reaching the switching position, and the programmed control ends. On the other hand, if the achieved switching position is smaller than the preset threshold, one interlock is recognized on the path until reaching the switching position, and therefore, the preset switching position has not been reached, so that the selector There is a fault in the mechanism.

The claims filed with the application are specification proposals that do not include a preliminary determination of the purpose of subsequent patent protection. Applicant continues to claim so far only a combination of features apparent in the specification and / or drawings.

Re-relations that apply in the dependent claims indicate another formation of the subject matter of the main claim by the features of each dependent claim; Such re-relation shall not be regarded as a waiver of the objective of the protection of an independent subject to the combination of features of the subclaims having a re-relation.

Since the subject matter of the dependent claims can form their own and independent inventions on the date of priority determination in view of the prior art, the applicant reserves the object of the independent claims or of the divisional specification. The subject matter may also comprise independent inventions, including formations which do not conform to the subject matter of the preceding dependent claims.

The examples should not be regarded as a limitation of the invention. Rather, numerous modifications and variations are possible in the context of the preceding specification. In other words, in particular, such modifications, components and combinations and / or materials are described in the general specification and examples and in the claims and in the drawings, for example, as far as production methods, inspection methods and processing methods are concerned. It can be extracted and used by experts in the sense of solving this purpose by combining or modifying each of the related features, elements, or processing steps, etc., and by the combinable features, they can be produced, inspected, and worked. As far as it relates, etc., it leads to a new object or a new processing step or processing step result.

Claims (8)

In particular, in a shift safety device for reversing gears of an automatic gearbox equipped with at least one actuator for impacting a central selector shaft for selection of the gear stage to be switched and for shifting the gear stage, the shift safety device is a gear stage. And a preload device for impacting the center selector shaft in such a way that the actuator for the selection and / or switching of must overcome the preload generated by the preload device. The shift safety device according to claim 1, wherein the preloading device maintains the center selector shaft in a neutral position of the gearbox in a state where an impact is applied by the actuator. The shift safety device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the center selector shaft includes one working surface to which the preload device is in contact. The shift safety device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the working surface is one cavity in which the preload device is in contact. The working surface is a diameter reducing part, and the diameter reducing part includes one shoulder in contact with the preload device in a state where no impact is applied. Shift safety device. 6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the working surface comprises two conical cross sections, the cross sections adjoining each other with their smaller surface, and the preloader selector when the gear stage is switched. Shift safety device in contact with the conical surface to create a preload force acting in the axial direction of the shaft. 7. The central selector shaft according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the center selector shaft comprises a groove, which groove is in contact with a preload device for installing the actuator in the gearbox to determine the installation position of the actuator. Shift safety device characterized in that possible. The shift safety device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the preloading device is a spring loaded by a ball, and the spring is housed in a housing of the actuator so as to be transportable.