KR20000055960A - High efficiency photocatalyst - Google Patents
High efficiency photocatalyst Download PDFInfo
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- KR20000055960A KR20000055960A KR1019990004890A KR19990004890A KR20000055960A KR 20000055960 A KR20000055960 A KR 20000055960A KR 1019990004890 A KR1019990004890 A KR 1019990004890A KR 19990004890 A KR19990004890 A KR 19990004890A KR 20000055960 A KR20000055960 A KR 20000055960A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
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Abstract
Description
본 발명은 광촉매에 관한 것으로, 특히 효율이 높은 광촉매에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a photocatalyst, and more particularly to a photocatalyst having high efficiency.
일반적으로 광촉매란 빛을 받았을 때, 표면의 화학적 상태가 변화됨으로써 화학 반응을 촉진시키는 촉매 기능을 나타내는 소재를 일컫는 용어이다.In general, a photocatalyst is a term that refers to a material that exhibits a catalytic function of accelerating a chemical reaction by changing the chemical state of the surface when it receives light.
광촉매 기능이 우수한 소재로는 산화티탄(Titania,TiO2)을 들 수 있으며, 자외선 조사시에 산화티탄 표면에 활성이 높은 화학종(OH 라디칼)이 형성되어 인체에 유해한 유기물(organic compounds)을 산화 반응에 의해 무해한 안정한 물질로 변화시키는 작용을 한다.Examples of the material having excellent photocatalytic function include titanium oxide (Titania, TiO 2 ), and highly active chemical species (OH radicals) are formed on the surface of titanium oxide during ultraviolet irradiation to oxidize harmful organic compounds. It acts to transform it into a harmless and stable substance by reaction.
이러한 광촉매의 원리를 도 1을 참조하여 설명하면 다음과 같다.The principle of such a photocatalyst is described with reference to FIG. 1 as follows.
아나타제(anatase) 결정 구조의 산화티탄은 약 3.2eV 정도의 밴드갭 에너지(band-gap energy)를 가지고 있는데, 이에 해당하는 빛 에너지(photon energy)가 입사되면 전자가 전도대로 여기되면서 전자-정공 쌍(electron-hole pair)을 형성하게 되고, 이때 형성된 전자와 정공은 도 1에 도시된 바와 같이 표면에 흡착되어 있는 산소 또는 수분과 각각 화학 반응을 하여 산소 이온과 OH 라디칼(radical)을 만들게 된다.Titanium oxide with an anatase crystal structure has a band-gap energy of about 3.2 eV. When the corresponding photon energy is incident, electrons are excited as conduction bands and electron-hole pairs. (electron-hole pair) is formed, and the electrons and holes formed at this time chemically react with oxygen or moisture adsorbed on the surface to form oxygen ions and OH radicals (radical), respectively.
OH 라디칼은 산화력이 매우 강한 화학종으로 산화티탄의 표면에 남아 있다가 유기물을 접촉하게 되면 바로 산화시켜 분해 반응이 일어나도록 한다.The OH radical is a very oxidizing species that remains on the surface of titanium oxide and immediately oxidizes when it comes into contact with organics to cause decomposition reactions.
따라서, 산화티탄 광촉매를 공해 물질 분해에 이용할 수 있는데, 그때의 산화티탄 광촉매의 응용 형태는 다음 2가지가 있다.Therefore, the titanium oxide photocatalyst can be used for decomposing pollutants. There are two types of application of the titanium oxide photocatalyst at this time.
그 중 하나는 분말형(powder type)으로 아나타제 결정 구조의 산화티탄(입경 10∼50nm) 분말을 폐수 또는 오염된 대기와 혼합하고 자외선을 조사하여 정화 반응이 일어나도록 하는 형태이다.One of them is a powder type (powder type) in which titanium oxide (particle size of 10 to 50 nm) powder of anatase crystal structure is mixed with waste water or polluted atmosphere and irradiated with ultraviolet rays to cause a purification reaction.
그러나, 미세 분말인 산화티탄을 회수해야 하므로 여과(filtering) 공정이 필요한 단점이 있어 실제 응용에 장애가 되고 있다.However, since titanium oxide, which is a fine powder, has to be recovered, there is a disadvantage in that a filtering process is required, which impedes practical application.
나머지 하나는 필름형(film type)으로 분말형과 마찬가지로 아나타제 구조의 산화티탄을 합성하고 유리, 금속 등의 지지체 표면에 코팅하여 필름으로 만든 후, 폐수 또는 오염된 대기에 접촉할 수 있도록 설치하고 자외선을 조사하여 정화 처리한다.The other is film type, like powder type, synthesizes titanium oxide with anatase structure and coated it on the surface of glass, metal, etc. to make it into a film, and install it to contact wastewater or polluted atmosphere Irradiate and purify.
이 필름형은 기판에 산화티탄이 고정되어 있어 여과 공정은 필요 없으나 비표면적(specific surface area)이 적어서 효율이 분말형에 비해 매우 낮은 단점이 있다.This film type has a disadvantage that the efficiency is lower than that of the powder type because the titanium oxide is fixed to the substrate so that no filtration process is required but the specific surface area is small.
본 발명은 상기와 같은 문제를 해결하기 위한 것으로, 필름형이면서도 동작 효율을 높힐 수 있는 광촉매를 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다.The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a photocatalyst capable of increasing the operational efficiency while being a film type.
도 1은 일반적인 광촉매의 동작 원리를 보여주는 도면1 is a view showing the principle of operation of a general photocatalyst
도 2는 본 발명에 따른 광촉매의 구조를 보여주는 도면2 is a view showing the structure of a photocatalyst according to the present invention
도 3은 본 발명에 따른 메쉬형태의 광촉매를 보여주는 도면Figure 3 shows a photocatalyst in the form of a mesh according to the present invention
도 4는 본 발명에 따른 광촉매의 분해 반응 측정 결과를 보여주는 도면4 is a view showing a measurement result of the decomposition reaction of the photocatalyst according to the present invention
본 발명에 따른 필름형 광촉매의 특징은 메쉬(mesh) 형태로 형성되는 금속 와이어와, 금속 와이어의 표면에 코팅되는 산화티탄(TiO2) 코팅층으로 이루어지는데 있다.A feature of the film type photocatalyst according to the present invention is that it consists of a metal wire formed in a mesh form and a titanium oxide (TiO 2 ) coating layer coated on the surface of the metal wire.
본 발명의 다른 특징은 금속 와이어가 티타늄(Ti)으로 이루어지는데 있다.Another feature of the invention is that the metal wire is made of titanium (Ti).
본 발명의 또 다른 특징은 광촉매에 전압이 인가되도록 전압 인가부를 산화티탄 코팅층이 코팅되지 않고 노출된 금속 와이어 영역인 입력 단자부에 전기적으로 연결시키는데 있다.Another feature of the present invention is to electrically connect the voltage applying portion to the input terminal portion, which is an exposed metal wire region without the titanium oxide coating layer coated, so that a voltage is applied to the photocatalyst.
상기와 같은 특징을 갖는 본 발명에 따른 고효율 광촉매를 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 설명하면 다음과 같다.Referring to the high efficiency photocatalyst according to the present invention having the characteristics as described above with reference to the accompanying drawings as follows.
먼저, 본 발명의 개념은 금속 와이어 표면 위에 산화티탄(TiO2)이 코팅된 구조의 광촉매가 2쌍 이상 메쉬(mesh) 형태로 구성되고, 그 금속 와이어에 전압을 인가하여 처리 효율을 향상시키는데 있다.First of all, the concept of the present invention consists of two or more pairs of photocatalysts in which titanium oxide (TiO 2 ) is coated on a metal wire, and improves processing efficiency by applying a voltage to the metal wire. .
도 2는 본 발명에 따른 광촉매의 구조를 보여주는 도면이고, 도 3은 메쉬 형태의 광촉매를 보여주는 도면이다.2 is a view showing the structure of a photocatalyst according to the present invention, Figure 3 is a view showing a photocatalyst in the form of a mesh.
도 2에 도시된 바와 같이, 금속 와이어 또는 플레이트(plate) 표면에 산화티탄(TiO2)을 코팅하여 도 3에 도시된 바와 같이, 산화티탄이 코팅된 금속 와이어를 메쉬 형태로 가공한 후, 산화티탄이 코팅되지 않은 금속 와이어의 끝부분에 전원을 연결하여 광촉매를 제작한다.As shown in FIG. 2, after coating titanium oxide (TiO 2 ) on the surface of the metal wire or plate, as shown in FIG. 3, the metal wire coated with titanium oxide is processed into a mesh shape and then oxidized. A photocatalyst is made by connecting a power supply to the end of a metal wire that is not coated with titanium.
이와 같이 제작된 광촉매의 동작 원리는 다음과 같다.The operating principle of the photocatalyst thus produced is as follows.
먼저, 외부의 전원에서 광촉매의 금속 와이어에 전기장(electric field)을 가해 준다.First, an electric field is applied to the metal wire of the photocatalyst from an external power source.
그러면, 자외선광(UV light)에 의해 산화티탄 내부에서 생성된 전자(electron)와 정공(hole)을 서로 반대 방향으로 유도함으로써, 전자와 정공간의 재결합(recombination)이 억제되어 효율이 향상된다.Then, electrons and holes generated inside the titanium oxide by UV light are guided in opposite directions to each other, whereby recombination of the electrons and the space is suppressed, thereby improving efficiency.
만일 빛에너지에 의해 여기된 전자와 정공이 화학 반응에 참여하지 않고 곧바로 재결합이 되면 재결합되는 양만큼 광촉매의 효율이 낮아지게 된다.If electrons and holes excited by light energy are recombined immediately without participating in a chemical reaction, the efficiency of the photocatalyst is reduced by the amount of recombination.
따라서, 광촉매의 산화티탄 코팅막 양단에 전기장을 형성시키면 전자와 정공이 서로 반대 방향으로 이동하려는 힘이 발생하여 재결합을 억제시킬 수 있으므로 생성된 전자와 정공이 서로 반대 방향으로 이동하려는 힘이 발생하여 재결합을 억제시킬 수 있으므로 생성된 전자와 정공들이 화학 반응에 기여하는 정도가 높아진다.Therefore, when the electric field is formed at both ends of the titanium oxide coating film of the photocatalyst, a force to move electrons and holes in opposite directions may be suppressed, and thus recombination may be suppressed. As a result, the contribution of generated electrons and holes to chemical reactions increases.
여기서, 가해주는 전압은 +, -를 펄스 형태로 바뀌어진 전압이다.Here, the voltage applied is a voltage in which + and-are changed into pulses.
그 이유는 전압의 +, -를 펄스 형태로 바꾸어 주면 반응이 한 쪽으로만 일어나는 것을 막을 수 있어 화학적 평형 상태로 유도할 수 있으므로 안정성을 부여할 수 있다.The reason is that by changing the + and-voltages in the form of pulses, the reaction can be prevented from occurring in only one direction, leading to chemical equilibrium, thereby providing stability.
한편, 본 발명의 산화티탄 코팅막을 형성하는 방법은 티타늄(Ti) 금속을 공기 또는 산소 분위기 중에서 약 400 ∼ 800℃ 범위의 온도로 약 30분에서 5시간 정도 산화시키면 손쉽게 얻을 수 있으나, 가능한한 아나타제(Anatase) 결정 구조가 많이 나타나도록 하기 위해 저온에서 장시간 처리하는 것이 좋다.On the other hand, the method of forming the titanium oxide coating film of the present invention can be easily obtained by oxidizing the titanium (Ti) metal in the air or oxygen atmosphere at a temperature in the range of about 400 to 800 ℃ for about 30 minutes to 5 hours, but if possible anatase In order to show a large number of (Anatase) crystal structures, it is preferable to perform the treatment at low temperature for a long time.
산화티탄 코팅막의 형성은 열에 의한 산화 이외에도 졸-겔(Sol-Gel) 공정이나 기타 다른 방법으로도 가능하다.The titanium oxide coating film may be formed by a sol-gel process or other method in addition to heat oxidation.
졸-겔 공정을 이용할 때는 티타늄-알콕사이드(Ti-Alkoxide)류의 시약을 알코올 용액에 적당한 농도를 용해시킨 후, 안정한 분산 상태를 유지하도록 pH를 조절하여 코팅 용액을 만들고 Ti 와이어 또는 메쉬(mesh)를 딥핑(dipping)하여 건조, 열처리하면 된다.When using a sol-gel process, a reagent of titanium alkoxide (Ti-Alkoxide) is dissolved in an alcohol solution, and then the pH is adjusted to maintain a stable dispersion to form a coating solution and to form a Ti wire or mesh. Dipping to dry and heat treatment.
여기서, 열처리 온도는 약 200 ∼ 500℃이고, 유지 시간은 10분 내지 1시간 정도가 좋다.Here, heat processing temperature is about 200-500 degreeC, and holding time is good for about 10 minutes-about 1 hour.
어떠한 방법을 사용하여도 산화티탄의 코팅막의 두께는 1.0㎛ 내외가 적당하다.In any method, the thickness of the titanium oxide coating film is preferably about 1.0 μm.
도 4는 본 발명에 따른 메쉬 구조의 광촉매 특성을 보여주는 그래프로서, 염색 폐수의 일종인 메틸오렌지(methyl orange)의 분해 반응의 결과를 보여주고 있다.Figure 4 is a graph showing the photocatalytic properties of the mesh structure according to the present invention, showing the result of the decomposition reaction of methyl orange (methyl orange), which is a kind of dyeing wastewater.
도 4에 도시된 바와 같이, 본 발명의 메쉬 구조인 광촉매에 전압을 인가하지 않았을 때는 메틸오렌지의 분해 반응 속도가 매우 느릴 뿐만 아니라 분해가 잘 되지 않았지만 전압을 인가하게 되면 분해 반응 속도가 매우 빨라져 분해가 잘 이루어진다.As shown in Figure 4, when no voltage was applied to the photocatalyst of the mesh structure of the present invention, the decomposition reaction rate of methyl orange was not only very slow but also not well decomposed, but when voltage was applied, the decomposition reaction rate was very fast and decomposed. Is done well.
본 발명에 따른 고효율 광촉매에 있어서는 다음과 같은 효과가 있다.The high efficiency photocatalyst according to the present invention has the following effects.
본 발명에 따른 고효율 광촉매는 자외선에 의해 여기된 전자와 정공이 서로 재결합되지 않고 분리되어 화학작용에 기여하게 됨으로써 처리 효율이 크게 향상되어질 뿐만 아니라 광범위한 응용이 가능하다.The high-efficiency photocatalyst according to the present invention not only recombines electrons and holes excited by ultraviolet rays, but also contributes to chemical reactions, thereby greatly improving processing efficiency and enabling a wide range of applications.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1019990004890A KR20000055960A (en) | 1999-02-11 | 1999-02-11 | High efficiency photocatalyst |
| JP37505999A JP3389187B2 (en) | 1998-12-31 | 1999-12-28 | Film type photocatalyst |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| KR1019990004890A KR20000055960A (en) | 1999-02-11 | 1999-02-11 | High efficiency photocatalyst |
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| KR20000055960A true KR20000055960A (en) | 2000-09-15 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100886906B1 (en) * | 2007-03-23 | 2009-03-05 | 강릉대학교산학협력단 | Manufacturing method of titanium membrane having nano-porous photocatalytic titania surface |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH081010A (en) * | 1994-06-21 | 1996-01-09 | Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co Ltd | Photocatalyst for sticking |
| KR960017915A (en) * | 1994-11-30 | 1996-06-17 | 스티븐 에스. 그레이스 | Stable coating solution for producing an improved electrochemical catalyst mixed oxide coating on a metal substrate or metal-coated conductive substrate and a dimensionally stable anode prepared therefrom |
| JPH115034A (en) * | 1997-04-24 | 1999-01-12 | Touken Sangyo:Kk | Titanium dioxide compact for photocatalyst and its assembled and arranged body |
| EP0911078A1 (en) * | 1997-10-20 | 1999-04-28 | Hitachi Metals, Ltd. | Photocatalyst-supporting body and photocatalytic apparatus |
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1999
- 1999-02-11 KR KR1019990004890A patent/KR20000055960A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH081010A (en) * | 1994-06-21 | 1996-01-09 | Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co Ltd | Photocatalyst for sticking |
| KR960017915A (en) * | 1994-11-30 | 1996-06-17 | 스티븐 에스. 그레이스 | Stable coating solution for producing an improved electrochemical catalyst mixed oxide coating on a metal substrate or metal-coated conductive substrate and a dimensionally stable anode prepared therefrom |
| JPH115034A (en) * | 1997-04-24 | 1999-01-12 | Touken Sangyo:Kk | Titanium dioxide compact for photocatalyst and its assembled and arranged body |
| EP0911078A1 (en) * | 1997-10-20 | 1999-04-28 | Hitachi Metals, Ltd. | Photocatalyst-supporting body and photocatalytic apparatus |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100886906B1 (en) * | 2007-03-23 | 2009-03-05 | 강릉대학교산학협력단 | Manufacturing method of titanium membrane having nano-porous photocatalytic titania surface |
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