KR20000033764A - Automatic device to control row space of vegetables for cultivating with nutrient solution - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: An automatic device to control row space of vegetables for cultivating with a nutrient solution is provided which enhances the degree to use an area by controlling row space automatically according to the growing state of the green vegetables and easy to produce and install. CONSTITUTION: An automatic device to control row space of vegetables for cultivating with a nutrient solution is comprised of: lots of a conveyor part(1-4) placed straightly to transport a planting board in a certain direction by connecting lots of a chain(11-14) loaded to a planting board(16-18) to lots of a sprocket connected to an axis which is fixed to a supporting rod(21) by being installed a bearing on both tips and rotating of an axis, having a separate velocity increased moving velocity to a certain direction to maintain row space of the planting board according to the growth stage, and installed a moving device to transfer a moving force to make the axis rotated by connecting to at least one axis mechanically.

Description

Auto-controller for spacing nutricultural plants

The present invention relates to an automatic control device for the weekly interval of the crop is automatically adjusted to the weekly interval according to the growth of leafy vegetables grown in nutrient solution in the greenhouse, more specifically, the automatic weekly interval from the formal stage of the crop to the harvesting stage The present invention relates to a device for automatically adjusting the weekly interval of crops for nutrient cultivation, which enables to establish an environment according to the growth of crops after planting on planting.

In general, the cultivation of leafy vegetables is planted with holes for cultivation of crops, such as styrofoam, under which nutrient solution flows. When crops are planted in the holes of the plate, the crops can grow by absorbing nutrients from the nutrient solution. Nutrient cultivation usually uses a large number of plantings to obtain large amounts of crops.

Crops differ between day and morning depending on their type. Therefore, the planting needs to adjust the weekly interval according to the type of crop. In addition, since the crop occupies a wider area as the crop grows after planting on a planting plate, it is necessary to adjust the weekly interval according to the growth state of the crop. In consideration of these weekly intervals, the distance between plantings is fixed in advance by maintaining the weekly intervals when they are grown as crops at the time of harvesting.

However, in such a case, the planting plate is always fixed in one place and does not move, so when a crop is harvested or harvested, a person moves and harvests the crop, which requires a lot of manpower and labor. In particular, since the crop occupies more than necessary until harvesting, the utilization of space is not high when nutrient cultivation in large quantities.

In order to compensate for this problem, a technique known from abroad is known to control the daytime according to the growth rate of the crop by transferring the crop planting plate by a combination of a pneumatic cylinder and a cam, but it is complicated in construction and installation effort and cost. There are a lot of problems.

The object of the present invention was devised in consideration of the above problems, and when the cultivation of leafy vegetables cultivation of the cultivation state can be easily adjusted automatically according to the weekly interval can increase the area utilization rate, the production and installation is easy The present invention provides an automatic control device for crop weekly intervals.

1 is a perspective view showing a crop weekly interval automatic control device for nutrient solution cultivation according to the present invention,

Figure 2a and Figure 2b is a block diagram showing a power transmission structure in the crop automatic weekly interval adjusting device according to the present invention,

3a and 3b is an operating state in which the weekly interval of the planting plate is widened,

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing the electrical connection of the limit switch and the control box of the crop weekly interval automatic control device shown in Figure 1,

5 is an electrical wiring diagram controlled by a limit switch and a relay of the crop planting weekly interval automatic adjustment device according to the present invention.

<Description of the code | symbol about the principal part of drawing>

1-4; Chain conveyor unit 23; Electric motor

5-10; Power transmission sprockets 24, 26-28, 35, 50, 52; chain

11-14; Conveyor chains 31-35,39-40,42-43,45-47; sprocket

15; Automatic interval control 36 ~ 37; Self-Regulating Bearings

16-18,49,51,60; Reprinted 38,41,44,48; Solid shaft

19; Feed projections 30,55; Power switch

20,29; Limit switches 56,57; Green lamp

21,53,54; Support 58,59; Red lamp

22; Control box

In order to achieve the above object, the automatic weekly interval adjustment device for crops is combined with solid shafts and sprockets coupled thereto and sprockets fixed to the support by inserting self-adjusting bearings at both ends to enable rotational movement. A plurality of chain conveyor parts having a conveyor chain for moving the mounted planting plate are arranged in series, and each chain conveyor unit has a moving speed in a specific direction so that the interval of the planting plant maintains the weekly distance according to the growth state of the crop. Has an independent speed to increase, and is characterized in that the drive means for transmitting the power for rotating the solid shaft is mechanically fastened with at least one solid shaft.

As the chain conveyor parts move in the direction of movement of the crop planting, the speed of the conveyor chain of each chain conveyor unit is determined according to the growth rate of the crop. The weekly interval does not occur automatically.

The chain conveyor parts are composed of an appropriate number of chain conveyor parts as necessary so that each chain conveyor parts are arranged in series with each other so that the crop planting plate can be moved from the chain conveyor part of the first position to the chain conveyor part of the last position.

Preferably, the motor is used as a driving means, and the motor and the solid shaft of the specific chain conveyor are mechanically connected to transmit power to the specific chain conveyor. The solid shaft of the chain conveyor and the solid shaft of the neighboring chain conveyor are conveyed. The power is transmitted by connecting to the chain, which is coupled to the solid shaft to have a difference in rotational speed due to the difference in the number of teeth of the sprockets on which the conveyor chain is wound. Of course, even between the chain conveyor parts that do not receive power directly from the drive means is also received power by this structure. Here, the chain conveyor part with a slow speed of the sprocket becomes narrow between the planting boards, and the chain conveyor part with a fast speed of the sprocket becomes wider than the planting plate. That is, the chain conveyor at the position where the crop planting plate where the crop is placed is placed by the difference in the rotation speed of the sprocket, and the interval between plantings is narrow, and the chain conveyor part at the position where the crop is required to be harvested according to the growth of the plant is the planting plate. The gap between them becomes wider.

On the other hand, by installing a limit switch in the chain conveyor section of the first position and the chain conveyor section of the last position, and electrically connected to the control unit, the control unit controls the operation of the drive means, the drive and The delay in the operation of crop harvesting can be adjusted. The chain conveyor at the first position is the part where the planting plate where crops are set is placed, and the chain conveyor at the last position is the part where the planting plate with the crops is grown enough to be harvested. Here, the control unit is installed in the form of a control box.

With reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in more detail the automatic weekly interval cropping apparatus according to the present invention.

1 is a perspective view showing a crop weekly interval automatic adjustment device for nutrient solution cultivation according to the present invention. The overall configuration and operation will be described with reference to FIG. 1.

The automatic interval control device 15 shown in Figure 1, a pair installed between the chain conveyor parts (1, 2, 3, 4 (also referred to as "redistribution") the weekly interval required according to the various crops when cultivating leaf vegetables Is controlled by a combination of power transmission sprockets (5-6, 7-8, 9-10) and conveyor chains (11, 12, 13, 14), and a number of chain conveyor parts (1, 2, 3, 4). Conveyor chains (11, 12, 13, 14) and the projection (19) installed in the) is configured to transfer the planting plate (16, 17, 18) in the direction in which the main interval is widened. The driving force of the conveyor chains 11, 12, 13, 14 is due to the electric motor 23 mechanically fastened to the specific chain conveyor part 3 and the electromagnetic clutch 25 mechanically coupled thereto. In addition, the limit switches 20 and 29 are respectively installed in the chain conveyor part 1 of the first position and the chain conveyor part 4 of the last position, and the chain conveyor parts receive electric signals from the limit switches 20 and 29, respectively. A control box 22 is provided to control the operation of (1, 2, 3, 4).

When the planting plate 16 into which the crops are set and brought into contact with the limit switch 20, an electric signal is transmitted to the control box 22 by the limit switch 20 to drive the electric motor 23, and the electric motor 23. Power is transmitted to the electromagnetic clutch 25 by the conveyor chain 24. Power is transmitted to the power transmission sprockets 5-6, 7-8, 9-10 and the chain conveyors 26, 27, 28 of each chain conveyor part 1, 2, 3, 4, and so on. 12, 13, 14 are activated. Each chain conveyor portion 1, 2, 3, 4 is moved by the conveyor chains 11, 12, 13, 14 toward the wider weekly interval. Set the delay time set in the control box 22 to allow the planting plate 18 to be placed in an easy position for harvesting when the planting plate 18 having mature crops is continuously transferred and comes into contact with the operation stop limit switch 29. According to the value, the power of the electronic clutch 25 is cut off, and the conveyor chains 11, 12, 13, and 14 which are in operation are stopped for several seconds.

Here, the crop weekly interval automatic control device 15 operates by transmitting power to the electronic clutch 25 when the planting plate 16 on which the crop is planted is put on the conveyor chain 11 in the first section. The power is interrupted by the limit switch 29 installed on the conveyor chain 14 of the continuously operated repeatedly repeatedly.

Figure 2a and Figure 2b is a block diagram showing a power transmission structure in the automatic weekly interval cropping apparatus according to the present invention, Figure 3a and Figure 3b is a state diagram that the weekly interval of the planting plate is widened. Reference to this will be described in more detail the configuration and operation of the adjustment of the day distance.

As shown in FIG. 2A, the electric motor 23 is fixed to the support 21 by bolting so that power is transmitted to the electromagnetic clutch 25 by the sprockets 31 and 32 and the chain 24. Both ends are inserted into the magnetic core adjustment bearings 36 and 37 by the chain 35 which is engaged with the clutch 25, and are inserted into the rotating solid shaft 38 and transmitted to the fixed sprocket 34. Accordingly, the sprockets 39 and 40 of the same size inserted into and attached to the solid shaft 38 and the power transmission sprocket 9 which transmits the section mutual power are rotated and inserted into the neighboring solid shaft 41. And the fixed power transmission sprocket 10 is powered by the chain 28 connected to the power transmission sprocket 9 of the solid shaft 38. Power transmitted to the power transmission sprocket 9 rotates the solid shaft 41 and power is transmitted to the conveyor chain 14 wound around the sprocket 42 fixedly coupled to the solid shaft 41.

At this time, the power transmission sprocket 9 coupled to the solid shaft 38 and the power transmission sprocket 10 coupled to the neighboring solid shaft 41 have a difference in the number of teeth in order to control the weekly interval of the crop. The sprocket 10 on the side of receiving power is smaller than the number of teeth of the sprocket 9 receiving the power so as to increase the rotational speed so as to widen the weekly interval. The power transmission sprockets 9 and 10 are installed to change the number of teeth according to the weekly interval of the crop so that a difference in speed ratio occurs. The power transmission sprocket 9 attached to the solid shaft 38 and the sprocket 10 attached to the neighboring solid shaft 41 vary the diameter or the number of teeth, so that the speed ratio between them is appropriately determined. Can be obtained by changing the diameter.

On the other hand, the sprocket 39 inserted and attached so as to move together in accordance with the rotation of the solid shaft 38, even if the adjacent solid shaft 41 is rotated by the power transmitted by the chain 28, regardless of this sliding It is fastened with the driven sprocket 43 of the same size to the solid shaft 41 to exercise, so that the first section and the later section are operated without mutual interference.

Referring to FIG. 2B, the power transmission to the section in which power is not directly transmitted from the electric motor 23 (see FIG. 2) is driven by the power transmission sprocket 8 on the solid shaft 48 rotating by the conveyor chain 13. When the solid shaft 48 rotates, the power transmission sprocket 8 of the solid shaft 48 and the power transmission sprocket 7 of the neighboring solid shaft 44 are fastened by the chain 27 so as to rotate. It is. The sprockets 45 and 46 rotate together with the solid shaft 44 and the driven sprocket 47 is configured to slide in the solid shaft 48. At this time, the power transmission sprocket 7 coupled to the solid shaft 44 receiving the power to have a diameter larger than the diameter of the power transmission sprocket 8 of the solid shaft 48 for transmitting power to rotate at a slow speed. It is.

The operating principle is that when the power transmission sprocket 8 inserted and fixed to the solid shaft 44 rotates in accordance with the rotation of the solid shaft 44 as described in FIG. 2A, the power transmission sprocket 8 and the solid shaft ( The power transmission sprocket 7 inserted into 44 is rotated at a slow speed, whereby the solid shaft 44 is rotated to rotate the sprocket 46 to operate the conveyor chain 12. . At this time, the driven sprocket 47 for transmitting power is slidably driven around the solid shaft 48 in the inserted state with respect to the solid shaft 48 so that the first section and the later section operate without mutual interference.

Each section for controlling the weekly interval of the crop is continuously installed in the method shown in Figure 2b, the difference in speed is connected to each other by the power transmission sprocket and the conveyor chain according to the speed ratio between each other according to the weekly interval of the crop. Is installed.

Referring to FIG. 3A, the planting plate 49 mounted while the conveyor chain 13 is moved is transferred to the neighboring conveyor chain 14. The connection between each of the conveyor chains 13 and 14 is made by the chain 50 wound around the sprocket which is installed at the innermost side and slides. Since the moving speed of the conveyor chain 13 on which the planting plate 49 is mounted is high before the rotational speed of the conveyor chain 14 on which the moving planting plate 49 is mounted is moved, Pulling the plate 49 and at this time the interval between the planting plate 49 is widened.

Referring to FIG. 3B, the conveyor chain 12, which does not receive power directly, is also moved by the chain 52 while transferring the planting plate 51 to the next conveyor chain 13. The gap is also wider.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing the electrical connection of the limit switch and the control box of the automatic control of the crop weekly interval shown in Figure 1, Figure 5 by the limit switch and relay of the crop planting weekly interval automatic control device according to the present invention Controlled electrical wiring diagram.

4 and 5, the limit switches 20 and 29 attached to the supports 53 and 54 at the first position and the last position of the crop weekly interval automatic control device 15 are installed and are electrically connected thereto. The control box 22 is connected to the inside of the control box 22 is fastened with bolts and connected by wires and connected to each other by relays MR, R ₁ , R ₂ , timer relays TR ₁ , and transformers TRANS. Externally, the main power switch 30 and the electric motor power switch 55, the green lamps 56 and 57 and the red lamps 58 and 59 indicating the driving of the device are grooved in the control box 22 and Fastening is installed.

To operate the device, first connect the main power switch 30 to put the electronic clutch (25 in FIG. 1) and the limit switches 20 and 29 to the standby state, and then connect the electric motor power switch 55 to operate the device. You are ready. When the planting plate 16 is introduced, the limit switch 20 which is bolted to the support 53 at the initial position of the device is contacted to connect the electromagnetic clutch (25 in FIG. 2), and the conveyor chains 11, 12, 13, 14) This works. The planting plate 60 moves and contacts the limit switch (L2; 29) fastened with bolts to the support stage 54 of the last stage. By delaying the time set by the timer relay TR ₁ , the conveyor chains 11, 12, 13, and 14 stop to operate, thereby ending the weekly interval adjustment of the planting plate 60. At this time, the control box 22 is turned on when the green lamp 56 is turned on when the motor (23 in FIG. 2) is driven and the red lamp 58 is turned on, and the green lamp 57 is turned on and stopped when the feeder is operated. The red lamp 59 is turned on.

4 and 5, the wiring of the present invention will be described in more detail. The main power switch S / W ₁ for supplying electric power to the electronic and electronic devices of the device, and the motor power switch S / for driving the motor M. W ₂ ), the motor drive display lamp (GL ₁ ) and the stop display lamp (RL ₁ ), and the limit switch (L ₁ ) for driving the electromagnetic clutch (C) using a power source reduced in voltage from 220V to 24V. ), Relay (R ₁ ), contact (R _a11 , R _a12 ), contact (R _b11 , R _b12 ) for connecting and relaxing the electromagnetic brake (B), limit switch (L ₂ ) for stopping the electronic clutch (C) Of the relay (R ₂ ), contact (R _a21 ), timer relay (TR ₁ ) and contact (TR _b1 , TR _b2 ), electromagnetic clutch (C) which delays the operation of electromagnetic clutch (C) and brake (B). It consists of a drive indicator green lamp (GL ₂ ) and a stop indicator red lamp (RL ₂ ).

The operation of this _circuit is to connect the main power switch (S / W ₁ ), then to the motor power switch (S / W ₂ ), the motor (M) will be driven, power is supplied to each circuit to wait for operation In this state, the red lamp RL ₁ , which is the motor stop indication, is turned off, and the driving indicator green lamp GL ₁ is turned on.

The crop weekly interval automatic control device 15 is contacted the limit switch (L ₁ ; 20) for the operation of the electronic clutch by the planting plate 16, the relay (R ₁ ) contacts (R _a11 , R _a12 ) to operate The electromagnetic clutch C is connected and the brake B is relaxed so that the transfer device operates to adjust the weekly interval. When the plate 60 contacts the limit switch (L ₂ ; 29) installed to stop the electromagnetic clutch (C), the contact (R _a21 ) is operated by the relay (R ₂ ) to connect the electromagnetic brake (B). The electronic clutch C is relaxed and the operation of the device is stopped. Before the operation of the device is stopped, the operation of the whole device is abnormal by delaying the operation of the electronic clutch C and the brake B by the timer relay TR ₁ . There is no such thing. At this time, when the electronic clutch C is connected and the electronic brake B is relaxed, the green lamp GL ₂ is turned on. When the electronic clutch C is relaxed and the brake B is connected, the red lamp RL ₂ is turned on. It becomes.

Crop weekly interval automatic control device for nutrient cultivation according to the present invention as described above, because it automatically adjusts the daytime of the crop by the combination of the sprocket speed ratio, cultivation of leafy vegetables compared to the nutrient cultivation method using a constant planting day and morning It is possible to increase the output by making the best use of the facility area. In addition, by automating the transfer of planting planted crops in the way that people are doing formality and harvesting while moving, it is possible to minimize labor and reduce costs and effort at the same time by formalizing and harvesting at a certain place. Accordingly, it is possible to realize viability mechanization for cultivation of leafy vegetables and plant factory production, thereby enhancing the viability mechanization base technology of crop production.

Claims (10)

A plurality of conveyors for fastening the crop planting plate in a specific direction by the rotational movement of the solid shaft is fastened by a plurality of chains on which the crop planting plate is mounted on the sprockets coupled to solid shafts fixed to the support by inserting bearings at both ends. Arranged in series, each chain conveyor portion having an independent speed at which the speed of movement in a particular direction is increased such that the interval of crop replanting maintains the weekly distance according to the growth state of the crop, and at least one of the solid Daytime interval automatic adjustment device characterized in that the drive means for mechanically fastening the shaft and transmitting the power for rotating the solid shaft. The method of claim 1, wherein the driving means transmits power to the solid shaft of a particular chain conveyor portion of the chain conveyor parts, other chain conveyor parts other than the chain conveyor portion to which the power is transmitted is solid of the chain conveyor portion to which the power is transmitted. Drive sprocket coupled to the shaft and the sprocket having a difference in diameter than the drive sprocket is connected to the chain having a speed difference, characterized in that the weekly interval automatic adjustment device characterized in that the transmission. The chain conveyor part of any one of the chain conveyor parts is connected to a chain with a driven sprocket coupled to the sprocket coupled to the solid shaft so as to slide on the solid shaft of the neighboring chain conveyor part. Weekly interval automatic adjustment device. According to claim 1, further comprising a control unit for controlling the operation of the drive means, the chain conveyor portion installed in the first position of the chain conveyor portion and the chain conveyor portion provided in the last position by contact with the crop planting plate, respectively An operating limit switch is installed, the automatic operation of the weekly interval, characterized in that the operation of the drive means is controlled in accordance with the operation of the limit switch. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the controller further comprises a delay circuit for delaying the operation of the upper mouth driving means for a predetermined time. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the predetermined time is a time taken to harvest a crop from a crop planting plate. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the driving means is an electric clutch for controlling power transmission of the electric motor and the electric motor. According to claim 4 or 7, wherein the control unit is a main power switch (S / W ₁ ) for supplying power, the motor power switch (S / W ₂ ) for driving the motor (M), the motor drive display lamp (GL ₁ ) Including a stop indicator lamp (RL ₁ ), the limit switch (L ₁ ) for driving the electronic clutch (C) using a power source reduced in voltage from 220V to 24V, the operation by the limit switch (L ₁ ) Relay R ₁ , contacts R _a11 and R _a12 operated by the relay R ₁ , electromagnetic brakes B for contact and relaxation R _b11 and R _b12 , electronic clutch C A limit switch L ₂ for stopping, a relay R ₂ operated by the limit switch L ₂ , a contact point R _a21 operated by the relay R ₂ , and the electromagnetic clutch C The timer relay TR ₁ and the contacts TR _b1 and TR _b2 which delay the operation of the electromagnetic brake B, the driving indicator green lamp GL ₂ and the stop table of the electronic clutch C are stopped. Daytime interval automatic adjustment device characterized in that it comprises a red light lamp (RL ₂ ). The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the conveyor parts have transport projections formed on the chain at intervals of at least a weekly interval according to a crop growth state. The method of claim 1, wherein each of the chain conveyor portion between the pair of solid shaft, which is inserted into both ends of the self-adjusting bearing is supported by the support, the sprocket fixedly coupled to the edge of the solid shaft, and the solid shaft And a pair of chains wound around the sprocket and spaced at predetermined intervals.