KR20000010504A - Full open gate type vehicle body manufacturing method and device thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A method is provided to accurately measure an assembling position and manufacture a vehicle body having high accuracy as a position is not out of place when welding by a laser. CONSTITUTION: The method that welds the vehicle body with a structure panel or a plate member by the laser, has the processes of:a position adjusting process that adjusts to the most suitable position by measuring a position fitting unit with an optical device before welding the structure panel or the frame member; a cramp process supporting the part that is not welded for having a position deciding grade; and a laser welding process inspecting a laser beam using a penetrating hole that is formed on a cramp member.

Description

Full open gate car body manufacturing method and device

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a full open gate vehicle body and an apparatus thereof in an automobile manufacturing line.

In the conventional automobile manufacturing line, the vehicle body is formed by welding side panels (combination of the inner panel and the outer panel) on both sides of the chassis in the body assembly section, roof panels on the top, and rear panels on the rear, respectively. The dashboard panel is attached to the whole inside, and the rear tray panel is attached to the back part by welding, respectively.

Thus, when attaching each panel, the gate system as shown in FIG. 15 is employ | adopted normally. That is, the fixed gate B which becomes a reference | standard of positioning with respect to the chassis A conveyed to a line, and the some movable gate C1 (C2) which engage | deviate from this fixed gate B are arrange | positioned, An inner panel D is supported on the fixed gate B, an outer panel E is supported on the movable gate C1, a roof panel F is supported on the movable gate C2, and a positioning pin ( The movable panels C1 and C2 are assembled to the fixed gate B via G) and the hole H. At this time, the inner panel D and the outer panel E are combined to form the side panel I. Therefore, it becomes the welding process of each panel with respect to the chassis A which maintains this state.

Since the basic means of the current vehicle body manufacturing system is to maintain and improve the processing accuracy as described above, the high rigidity gate (plate + jig) is provided with a welding function for positioning the parts and welding the body joint. Moreover, the latest car body manufacturing method is to indirectly make the car body indirectly by securing a mechanical degree by combining the high rigidity gate with the maker.

However, it is difficult to maintain the determined shape at the determined position because each panel of the vehicle body is large in size and light in weight and has a low rigidity. In addition, unevenness in the degree of the vehicle body greatly affects vehicle performance. According to the conventional gate method, it becomes a working environment as shown in FIG. 16, and arrange | positions a large number of movable gates C in the periphery of the fixed gate B, and engages these large gates B and C, There are many limitations in terms of time and space because they are distorted, and there are many problems in terms of flexibility (adaptability, flexibility) as follows.

① It is difficult to improve the machining accuracy due to the limitations of parts accuracy, machine accuracy and positioning points.

② It requires a lot of equipment investment.

③ We need big space.

④ The positioning mechanism and the welding mechanism are held, and the welding reception is limited, which affects the vehicle body accuracy by conveying.

(5) Speed-up of the machining accuracy is difficult because it is integrated with the super-weight mechanism.

⑥ In small quantity production of many kinds, there is a lot of production loss.

An object of the present invention is to solve such a conventional problem by improving such a conventional gate system and providing a novel pull-off gate vehicle body manufacturing method and apparatus thereof.

1 is an overall view of a system depicting an embodiment of the invention.

2 is a diagram showing a conveyance and setup state of a side panel;

3 is an explanatory diagram showing a state where a side panel is positioned on a chassis;

4 is a perspective view illustrating a state in which a side panel is clamped and laser welded.

5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the P portion in FIG.

Fig. 6A is an enlarged perspective view of the Q portion in Fig. 4. (B) is schematic sectional drawing which shows the state which clamps the lower end of a side panel and carries out laser welding.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing conveying means of a roof panel, a dashboard panel, and a rear tray panel; FIG.

8 is a schematic perspective view showing a state of a roof panel, a dashboard panel, and a rear tray panel conveyed by the conveying means.

Fig. 9A is an explanatory diagram showing a positioning state of a roof panel. (B) is a perspective view which shows the state which laser-welded the positioning part. (C) is a perspective view which shows the state which laser-welded the roof panel and the side panel.

10A is an explanatory diagram illustrating a positioning state of a dashboard panel. (B) is a perspective view which shows the state which laser-welded the positioning part.

FIG. 11A is an explanatory diagram showing a positioning state of a rear tray panel. FIG. (B) is a perspective view which shows the state which laser-welded the positioning part and the rear tray panel part.

12 is a perspective view of a rear panel setup robot;

FIG. 13A is an explanatory diagram showing a positioning state of a rear panel; FIG. (B) is a perspective view which shows the state which laser-welded the side part of a rear panel.

14 is an explanatory diagram showing a procedure for replacing a jig.

15 is an explanatory diagram showing a vehicle body manufacturing system by a conventional gate method.

16 is an explanatory diagram showing a working environment by a conventional gate method.

[Description of Code for Major Parts of Drawing]

1. Undercarriage 2. Inner Panel 3. Outer Panel

4. side panel 5. roof panel 6. rear panel

7. Dashboard panel 8. Rear tray panel 9. Side panel

10. Side panel conveying conveyor 11. jig for side panel assembly

12. Guide rail 13. Side panel setup robot

14. Frame fixture 15. Suction part

16. Clamp means for the side panel 17. Front lower position adjusting means

18. Frame clamp means 19. Upper laser welding robot

20. Lower laser welding robot 21. Carrier

22. Clamp means for the roof panel 23. Front upper position adjusting means

24. Rear upper position adjustment means 25. Special clamp means

26. Clamp for dashboard 27. Clamp means for rear tray

28. Rear panel set-up robot 29. Rear lower position adjustment means

30. Clamp for rear panel 31. Tool carrier

As a specific means for realizing the above object, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a vehicle body by laser welding a constituent panel or plate member to a vehicle chassis, the position alignment by optical means before welding the constituent panel or frame member. A positioning step of measuring the part and adjusting it to an optimum position, a clamp step of supporting the to-be-welded part to secure the positioning accuracy, and a laser welding step of irradiating a laser beam using a through hole formed in the clamp member. The full open-gate car body manufacturing method to include is a summary.

In the full open gate type vehicle body manufacturing method, the structural panel includes a side panel in which an inner panel and an outer panel are integrated, a roof panel, a rear panel, a dashboard panel, and a rear tray panel. , Except for the roof panel in the case of open cars,

The side panel is a side panel setup robot having a press mold of the outer panel, a vertical frame jig and clamp means, which is integrated with the inner panel and the outer panel, and the frame jig is inserted into the uneven portion of the outer panel. Further, by pressing the elastic body attached to the distal end of the clamping means to the inner panel, the side panel is clamped with the frame jig to position the side panel alignment part in accordance with the chassis alignment part, and then drilled in the frame jig. Through-holes are used for laser welding of the inner panel and the outer panel. Furthermore, the lower part of the side panel is clamped to the chassis as a clamp plate and an elastic body of the clamp robot, and the lower part of the side panel is interposed through the through hole drilled through the clamp plate. Laser welded to the chassis,

The roof panel is positioned in accordance with the alignment portion before and after the upper and rear sides of the left and right side panels, the alignment portion is clamped by the clamp plate and the elastic body of the clamp means for the loop panel, and drilled in the clamp plate. It is fixed by laser welding through a through hole. Then, the welded portion between the roof panel and the side panel is brought into close contact with a jig having a pair of magnet electrodes, and the welded portion is laser welded while the jig is moved. which,

The dashboard panel is positioned by aligning the positioning portions of both sides of the chassis frame, respectively, and the welded portion between the dashboard panel and the chassis is clamped by the clamp plate of the clamp means for the dashboard and an elastic body. Laser-welded the welded portion through a through hole drilled in the clamp plate,

The ear tray panel is positioned in accordance with the alignment portions formed on the inside of the rear portion of the left and right side panels, respectively, and the welded portion between the rear tray panel and the side panel is clamp plate and elastic body of the clamp means for the rear tray. The welded portion is laser-welded by interposing a through hole drilled through the clamp plate,

The rear panel positions the alignment portions of both side portions in accordance with the alignment portions of the rear end side portions of the left and right side panels, respectively, and clamps the welded portion between the rear panel and the side panel with the clamp plate and the elastic body of the clamp means for the rear panel. Laser welding the to-be-welded part through a through hole drilled through the clamp plate, and furthermore, by contacting the lower end of the rear panel with the rear end of the chassis using a jig provided with a pair of magnet electrodes. Laser welding of the lower end of the rear panel to the chassis while moving.

Moreover, the apparatus which manufactures a vehicle body by laser-welding a structural panel or a frame member to the undercarriage of a motor vehicle, WHEREIN: The conveyance means or setup means which conveys the said structural panel or frame member to a predetermined position, and position adjustment for alignment Means, a clamp means for protecting the welded portion for securing the positioning degree after alignment, and laser welding means for irradiating a laser beam using a through hole drilled in the clamp means, corresponds to the constituent panel or frame member. Therefore, the main body manufacturing apparatus is provided with each of the full open gates disposed.

In the vehicle body manufacturing apparatus for each full open gate, the side panel of the constituent panels is combined with a mermaid panel and an outer panel, and the setup means for the side panel is of the same type as the press mold of the outer panel to the setup robot. The frame jig is mounted, and the frame jig for the four door and the frame jig for the two door can be selectively detached,

The positioning means includes a lamp for illuminating the alignment portion when the reference pin provided in the alignment portion of the undercarriage panel or the frame member is aligned with the reference hole, and a three-dimensional position measurement of the reference pin and the reference hole. A CCD camera, which calculates and processes the measurement data by the CCD camera, and feeds back the shifted correction amount to the conveying means or the setup robot;

Each of the clamps includes a clamp for clamping the welded portion and an elastic body, wherein the clamp plate is formed with a through hole through which a laser beam passes, and the elastic body is a balloon containing water.

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Next, embodiment of this invention is described in detail based on an accompanying drawing.

FIG. 1 is a view showing the overall system of a method of manufacturing a full open gate vehicle body according to the present invention. The side panel 4 in which the inner panel 2 and the outer panel 3 are assembled in the chassis 1, and the roof panel. (5), the rear panel 6, the dashboard panel 7, and the rear tray panel 8 are assembled and laser-welded to manufacture a vehicle body.

First, the process of assembling the side panel 4 to the chassis 1 is described.

According to FIG. 2, the inner panel 2 and the outer panel 3 which are components of the side panel 4 are conveyed by the side panel conveyance conveyor 9, and the inner panel is taken out by the side panel take-out robot 10. In FIG. (2) and the outer panel 3 are taken out and overlapped using the jig 11 for side panel assembly, and it is made to join. Thereafter, the base 11a of the jig 11 for side panel assembly moves on the guide rail 12 and conveys to the location of the side panel setup robot 13 on the R side.

Depending on the vehicle body, the side panel setup robot 13 on the R side may also serve as the side panel take-out robot 10 without using the side panel take-out robot 10.

The R-side side panel setup robot 13 is provided with a detachable switching bed 13a, and at its distal end, a frame jig 14 of the same type as that of press press of the outer panel 3 (in this case, for four doors) At the same time, the suction part 15 is mounted at both ends. In the frame jig 14, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5, a plurality of through holes 14a are formed along the outer circumference in the form of a long hole.

The R side panel setup robot 13 fits the frame jig 14 into the uneven part 3a (part to which the door is attached) of the outer panel 3 as shown in FIG. The arm of the side panel clamp means 16 mounted on the panel set-up robot 13 is rotated and the tip part is pushed to the inner panel 2 side, and the inner panel 2 and the outer panel (1) are used as the frame jig 14. The polymerization part with 3) is clamped.

The clamp means 16 includes a cylinder 16a and an arm 16b that is rotated by the cylinder 16a. An elastic body 16c is attached to the tip end of the arm 16b, and the elastic body ( 16c) is pressed against the inner panel 2. In this case, as an elastic body 16c, the balloon which accommodated other water, such as rubber | gum, can be used, and it presses a fixed pressure uniformly to the polymerization part (welded part) of the inner panel 2 and the outer panel 3 at uniform pressure. .

The side panel 4 clamped by the frame jig 14 and the clamp means 16 is retained from the guide panel assembly jig 11 by the side panel setup robot 13 on the R side while maintaining the state thereof. It removes and conveys to the chassis 1, and determines the position.

Positioning of the side panel 4 is performed by the front lower position adjusting means 17 on the R side as shown in FIG. The position adjusting means 17 includes a CCD camera 17a and an illuminating lamp 17b, and includes a positioning pin P1 provided on the chassis 1 side and a reference hole provided on the side panel 4 side. When aligning (Q1), the alignment portion is illuminated with a lamp 17b, photographed by the CCD camera 17a, the three-dimensional position is measured, and the measurement data is arithmeticly processed, and the shifted correction amount is R side. Accurate positioning is performed by feeding back to the side panel setup robot 13. The positioning reference pin P1 can be substituted with a bolt.

After completion of positioning, as shown in FIG. 4, the lower end portion of the side panel 4 is clamped to the chassis 1 by the frame clamp means 18 disposed on the lower side of the chassis 1. The frame clamp means 18 includes the horizontal positioning mechanism R1 of the bed 18a, the front and rear positioning mechanism R3 of the pressing plate 18c moving forward and backward with respect to the bed 18a, and the pressing plate. The left-right direction positioning mechanism R4 of the clamp plate 18d which moves to the left-right direction with respect to 18c is provided.

As shown in Fig. 6A and 6B, an elastic body 18e is attached to the tip end of the pressure plate 18c, and the same elastic body 18e as described above can use a balloon, and a fluid injection port ( Water is supplied internally from 18f). Further, the tip end of the clamp plate 18d is erected, and a plurality of through holes 18h are formed in the erected portion 18g in the horizontal direction in the form of a long hole. The frame clamp means 18 uses the elastic body 18e of the said pressure plate 18c and the standing part 18g of the clamp plate 18d by the said several positioning mechanism by appropriate operation, and the side panel 4 and the chassis ( The polymerization part (welded part) of 1) is clamped.

Next, the laser welding process of the side panel 4 of R side is demonstrated.

As shown in FIG. 4, the laser welding of the inner panel 2 and the outer panel 3 of the side panel 4 is performed by the laser welding torch of the upper laser welding robot 18 on the R side, as shown in FIG. 1. 19a is used, and a laser beam generated by, for example, YAG is fired into the through hole 14a formed in the frame jig 14. At this time, since the polymerization part (welded part) of the inner panel 2 and the outer panel 3 is clamped by the frame 16 and the elastic body 16c of the clamp means 16, as shown in FIG. Laser welding is assured so that position shift does not occur and a gap does not arise, and high precision laser welding is attained by this. Moreover, since the balloon which accommodated water is used as the elastic body 16c, it functions to cool the high heat which arises at the time of laser welding. Since the plurality of through holes 14a of the frame jig 14 are formed in the form of long holes along the outer circumferential portion as described above, laser welding can be performed in a spot shape or an intermittent linear shape.

Laser welding of the lower end portion of the side panel 4 on the R side with respect to the chassis 1 is performed through the clamp plate 18d of the frame frame means 18, as shown in Fig. 6A (B). Using the ball 18h, it is made by the laser welding torch 20a of the lower laser welding robot 20 on the R side as in FIG. Also at this time, the polymerization part (welded part) of the inner panel 2, the outer panel 3, and the undercarriage 1 is formed by the elastic part 18e of the clamp plate 18d and the elastic body 18e of the pressure plate 18c. Since it is clamped, laser welding is performed so that a position shift will not occur and a clearance will not arise. As a result, high precision laser welding is enabled and a balloon containing water is used as the elastic body 18e, thereby cooling the high heat generated during laser welding. Since the plurality of through holes 18a of the clamp plate 18d are formed in the form of long holes as described above, laser welding can be performed in a spot shape or in an intermittent linear shape.

In this manner, laser welding of the polymerized portion of the inner panel 2 and the outer panel 3 and laser welding of the R side panel 4 to the chassis 1 are performed on the R side upper laser welding robot 19 and the R side lower side. The laser application robot 20 makes it possible to increase the efficiency almost simultaneously. The L side side panel 4 'is the same as in the R side, and the alignment is performed by the front lower position adjusting means 17' on the L side, as shown in Fig. 1, and the laser welding is performed on the upper laser on the L side. It is performed by the welding robot 19 'and the L side lower laser welding robot 20'. Although description is omitted, setups on the L side are performed in the same manner as the R side.

Next, the process of assembling the roof panel 5 to the chassis 1 is demonstrated.

The roof panel 5 is sucked and held by the support frame 21a of the conveying means 21 and lowered as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, and positioning of the roof panel 5 with respect to the left and right side panels 4 and 4 ′ is performed. After it is laser welded.

Positioning of the roof panel 5 with respect to the side panels 4 and 4 'is performed by positioning reference pins formed under four corner portions of the roof panel 5 as shown in FIG. 9A. When aligning P2) and the reference hole Q2 formed at the upper front and rear ends of the side panels 4 and 4 ', respectively, the alignment portion of the front upper position adjusting means 23 on the R side as shown in FIG. It is performed accurately by illuminating with the lamp 23b, taking a picture by the CCD camera 23a, measuring the three-dimensional position, calculating the measurement data, and feeding back the shifted correction amount to the conveying means 21. . Although not shown in FIG. 9A, one position alignment is performed at four corners of the roof panel 5, that is, the alignment is performed at both sides of the roof panel 5 on the R front front side. In the position adjusting means 23 and the front upper position adjusting means 23 'at the L side shown in FIG. 1, both rear portions are formed at the R side rear upper position adjusting means 24 and at the L side shown in FIG. Respectively at the rear upper position adjusting means 24 '.

After positioning, the alignment portion is clamped by the clamp means 22 for the roof panel attached to the support frame 21a of the conveying means 21 as shown in FIG. This clamp means 22 is provided with the cylinder 22 ', the rotating arm 22b by this cylinder 22b, and the clamp plate 22c, and the elastic body 22d is provided in the front-end | tip part of the arm 22b. The through-hole 22e is formed in the front-end | tip part of the clamp plate 22c, and the said alignment part is clamped and fixed with the clamp plate 22c which pressed the elastic body 22d. Also in this case, the balloon which accommodated water can be used as the elastic body 22d.

After clamping, the laser welding torch 19a of the upper side laser welding robot 19 on the R side uses the through hole 22c of the clamp plate 22c as shown in FIG. The position alignment portion is laser welded, and the front and rear L side alignment portions are similarly laser welded by the L side upper laser welding robot 19 '. Thereby, laser welding of the positioning part of the roof panel 5 is completed. Also in this case, since the clamped part is a system of laser welding, it is possible to reliably and highly laser-weld without generating a gap without generating position shift. Moreover, since the balloon which accommodated water is used as the elastic body 22d, a cooling action is acquired at the time of laser welding.

Special clamp means 925 as shown in FIG. 9C for laser welding the polymerization portions (welded portions) between the roof panel 5 fixed in position and the left and right side panels 4 and 4 '. ) Is performed by the R side upper laser welding robot 19. The special clamp means 25 has the base 25a and the movable part 25b which moves up and down with respect to this board | substrate, the upper magnet electrode 25c is attached to the base 25a, and the lower magnet is attached to the movable part 25b. The electrodes 25d are respectively mounted so as to be able to move forward and backward.

This special clamp means 25 is detachably attached to the jig change portion 19b of the upper laser welding robot 19 on the R side shown in Fig. 9B, and the upper magnet electrode 25c and the lower magnet are detachably attached. It is replaced while maintaining the space | interval with the electrode 25d appropriately, The superposition | polymerization part (welded part) of the roof panel 50 and the side panel 4 is inserted in between, and moves along the polymerization part, R side upper laser. Laser welding by the laser welding torch 19a of the welding robot 19 is performed.

At this time, the upper and lower magnet electrodes 25c and 25d are equal poles, and the magnetic force generating force is used to clamp the polymerized portion (welded portion) between the roof panel 5 and the side panel 4 in a non-contact state, L side. The side panel 4 'side is also laser welded in the same manner. Also in this case, the to-be-welded part is clamped with the upper and lower magnet electrodes, and laser welding while raising precision.

However, when one side or both sides of the roof panel 5 and the side panel 4 are galvanized steel sheets, when laser welding without gaps, the zinc explodes into the heat of welding, so that it is sprayed within the welded portion. Gaps may occur due to gas pressure or holes may occur. These become obvious weld failures and know. In the present invention, when laser-welding a galvanized steel sheet, a small gap in the portion to be welded is exchanged by N / S mutually exchanging one of the upper and lower magnet electrodes 25c and 25d aligned with the welding progress. 0.2 mm or less) is instantaneously formed, and the ejection gas is released from this gap to prevent welding defects. The switching means of the magnetic field can be easily coped by, for example, changing the frequency of the inverter. In the case of manufacturing an open car, the assembling work of the roof panel 5 is naturally omitted.

Next, the process of assembling the dashboard panel 7 and the rear tray panel 8 on the chassis 1 will be described.

The dashboard panel 7 is sucked and held by the support frame 21b for the dashboard panel 7 attached to the support frame 21a of the conveying means 21 as shown in Figs. The positioning for 1) is made. Positioning to the undercarriage 1 is carried out when matching the positioning reference pin P3 formed in the undercarriage 1 side with the reference hole Q3 formed in the dashboard panel 7 side like FIG. And the alignment portion is illuminated by the lamp 17'b of the front lower position adjustment means 17 'on the L side and photographed by the CCD camera 17'a. Although shown, the R side is similarly performed by the front position adjusting means 17.

After positioning, laser welding is performed by the laser welding torch 20'a of the L side lower laser welding robot 20 'as shown in FIG. At this time, as shown in FIG. 8, the dashboard clamp means 26 mounted on both sides of the dashboard support frame 21b is operated to clamp the polymerization part (welded part). That is, this clamp means 26 is provided with the cylinder 26a, the arm 26b rotated by this cylinder 26a, and the press plate 26c, as shown in FIG.10 (B), and the arm 26b A clamp plate 26d is mounted at the tip end of the head), a through hole 26e is formed in the clamp plate 26d, and an elastic body 26f is mounted at the tip end of the pressure plate 26c. And the clamp plate 26d are clamped. Also in this case, the balloon which accommodated water can be used as 26 f of elastic bodies. Therefore, the position shift of the polymerization portion does not occur, and no gap is generated, and laser welding is assured by using the through hole 26e. The polymerization part on the R side is made of the laser welding torch 20a of the lower laser welding robot 20 on the R side.

The assembling process of the rear tray panel 8 is also performed similarly to this. 7 and 8, the rear tray panel 8 is held by the rear tray support frame 21c attached to the support frame 21a of the conveying means 21, and lowered. Positioning is done for 4 '). This positioning is performed by matching the positioning reference pin P4 formed in the side panels 4 and 4 'with the reference hole Q4 formed in the rear tray panel 8 side as shown in Fig. 11A. And the alignment portion is illuminated by the lamp 24'b of the rear upper position adjusting means 24 'on the L side, and photographed by the CCD camera 24'a. Although the L side alignment is shown in the drawing example, the R side rear upper position adjusting means 24 is also performed.

After positioning, laser welding is performed by the laser torch 19'a of the upper laser welding robot 19'on the L side as shown in FIG. At this time, the rear tray clamp means 27 mounted on both sides of the rear tray support frame 21c shown in FIG. 8 is operated to clamp the polymerized portion (welded portion). That is, this clamp means 27 is provided with the cylinder 27a, the arm 27b which rotates by this cylinder 27a, and the pressing plate 27c, as shown in FIG.11 (B), and the arm 27b A clamp plate 27d is mounted at the tip end of the head), a through hole 27e is formed in the clamp plate 27d, and an elastic body 27f is mounted at the tip end of the pressure plate 27c. And the clamp plate 27d are clamped. Also in this case, the balloon which accommodated water can be used as 27 f of elastic bodies. Therefore, the position shift of the polymerization portion does not occur, and no gap is generated, and laser welding is assured by using the through hole 27e. The polymerization part on the R side is made of the laser welding torch 19a of the upper laser welding robot 19 on the R side.

Finally, the process of assembling the rear panel 6 to the chassis 1 will be described.

As shown in FIG. 12, the rear panel 6 is conveyed and positioned by the rear end of the chassis 1 by the rear panel setup robot 28. As shown in FIG. This rear panel setup robot 28 is provided with the base 28a which transversely moves along a guide rail, and the support frame 28c which is attached to the tip part of the arm 28 of this base 28a, and advances, The panel 6 is conveyed while being held in the form of sagging by a pair of gripping means 28d formed in the support frame 28c.

Positioning of the rear panel 6 with respect to the undercarriage 1 is performed by positioning reference pins P5 formed on the undercarriage 1 side as shown in FIG. 13A, and on the rear panel 6 side. When aligning with the reference hole Q5, the alignment portion is illuminated with a lamp 29'b of the positioning means 29 'at the rear lower portion on the L side as shown in Fig. 1, and the CCD camera 29'a is illuminated. Photographing is performed. Positioning of the R side of the rear panel 6 is similarly performed by the rear lower position adjusting means 29 on the R side as in FIG.

After positioning, the rear panel clamp means 30 mounted on both sides of the support frame 28c of the rear panel setup robot 28, and the polymerization portion (weld part) of the rear panel 6 and the chassis 1 Clamp. This rear panel clamp means 30 is provided with the cylinder 30a, the arm 30b rotated by this cylinder 30a, and the press plate 30c, as shown in FIG.13 (B). 30 d of clamp plates are mounted in the front-end | tip part of 30b, the through-hole 30e is formed in the clamp plate 30d, and the elastic body 30f is attached to the front-end | tip part of the said press plate 30c, This elastic body The position alignment part is clamped by 30f and the clamp plate 30d. Also in this case, the balloon which accommodated water can be used as 30 f of elastic bodies. Therefore, the position shift of the polymerization portion does not occur, and furthermore, the gap welding does not occur, and laser welding is assured by using the through hole 30e. Laser welding is performed by the laser torch 19'a of the said upper side laser welding robot 19 '. Similarly to this, the R side is made by the R side upper laser welding robot 19.

Laser welding of the lower end portion of the rear panel 6 to the chassis 1 is omitted, but the special clamp means 25 having a pair of magnet electrodes in the same manner as the laser welding of the other end of the roof panel 5 is provided. It can be performed through the.

In this way, the side panel 4, the roof panel 5, the rear panel 6, the dashboard panel 7, and the rear tray panel 8 are assembled to the chassis 1 by laser welding to manufacture the vehicle body. can do. There are also laser welding of other frame members of each component panel as appropriate.

The side panel 4 is for four doors, but in the case of two doors, as shown in FIG. 14, the frame jig 141 of the same type as the press mold of the outer panel of the side panel 41 for two doors is used. The switching part 131a attached to the tip portion is mounted on the side panel setup robot 13 on the R side. The switching part 131a including the two-door jig 141 and the switching part 13a including the four-door jig 14 are stored in a tool carrier 31 disposed adjacent to each other. It is used selectively if needed.

Since the switching part 13a or the switching part 131a can be easily attached to or detached from the mounting portion 13b of the R-side side panel setup robot 13, the replacement work thereof can be easily performed. At this time, the connection of the hydraulic circuit for operating the cylinder of the clamp mechanism, the water supply circuit for inflating the balloon, and the above circuits, etc., is completed at the same time as the replacement part attached to the switching part. The same applies to the L side side setup robot 13 '. Therefore, it is easy to cope with 2 doors and 4 doors, and when this method is applied, it can cope quickly even if the body size by a model is different.

As described above, according to the present invention, in assembling various types of panels or frame members according to the present invention, the positioning is accurately measured and measured by the optical position adjusting means, and after the positioning, the polymerization portion ( In addition to maintaining the to-be-welded portion, laser welding is performed using the through-hole drilled in the clamp portion of the clamp means, so that positional displacement does not occur, whereby a highly accurate vehicle body can be manufactured. The main effects according to the present invention are listed as follows.

(1) A high-quality car body can be obtained because it is a manufacturing system for measuring, illuminating, and correcting the position according to the design value of the car body. It is now ± 2.5 mm, but can be increased to ± 1.0 mm.

(2) Compared with the conventional manufacturing method, the entire system is miniaturized, and a large amount of facility investment can be reduced. By adopting this system in a vehicle body manufacturing line, the equipment investment can be reduced by about 1/10, the space can be reduced by about 1/15, and the transportation equipment can be greatly reduced.

③ Since the one-touch switching of the jig makes it easy to cope with the differences in the manufacturing models, the flexibility is increased by about five times, and the jig change loss is zero without limit because the drive source connection such as the hydraulic circuit is completed in the same way as the jig replacement. close.

(4) Speed-up is possible by the movement with YAG laser welding, and productivity becomes 10 times or more compared with the conventional spot welding.

⑤ Since the laser welding is performed reliably, it is possible to reduce the polymerization width of the to-be-welded part, and furthermore, it is possible to reduce the body weight by 10 to 20% since it is possible to form a thin plate by increasing the welding position. Furthermore, the rigidity of the vehicle body can be increased by the expansion of the linearly welded portion, and the vehicle body performance can be improved and the durability can be improved.

⑥ Since continuous welding is possible, sealant material with waterproof function can be largely removed.

(7) The speed up of the vehicle body manufacturing line shortens the lead time, significantly improves the work efficiency and simplifies the production management.

⑧ The automatic work area is completely separated, and the application of YAG laser welding prevents the scattering of spatters and reduces the noise. It can improve the working environment and reduce the environmental cost of air conditioning and lighting. These are critical for the reduction of the vehicle body manufacturing cost.

Claims (11)

A method of manufacturing a vehicle body by laser welding a component panel or a plate member to an undercarriage of an automobile, comprising: a position adjusting step of measuring the alignment portion by optical means and adjusting the optimum position before welding the component panel or frame member; And a laser welding step of irradiating a laser beam by using a through hole formed in the clamp member, and a clamping step of supporting the welded part to secure a positioning accuracy. The said configuration panel is a side panel which integrated the inner panel and the outer panel, a roof panel, a rear panel, a dashboard panel, and a rear tray panel, In the case of an open car, the said roof Full open gate car body manufacturing method characterized in that the panel is excluded. The said side panel is a side panel setup robot provided with a frame jig | tool and clamp means of the same type as the press mold of an outer panel, and integrates an inner panel and an outer panel, The said frame jig | tool of an outer panel is provided. It fits and pushes in an uneven part, presses the elastic body attached to the front-end | tip part of the said clamp means to an inner panel, clamps a side panel with the said frame jig, and arranges the side panel alignment part according to the chassis alignment part. After the determination, the inner panel and the outer panel are laser welded using the through holes drilled in the frame jig, and further, the lower end of the side panel is clamped to the chassis by the clamp plate and the elastic body of the clamp robot, and the through holes drilled through the clamp plate. Laser welding the lower end of the side panel to the chassis through the intervening Full open gate-type vehicle body production method. The roof panel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the positioning portion of the four corners is positioned in accordance with the alignment portion before and after the upper end of the left and right side panels, and the alignment portion is sandwiched by the clamp plate and the elastic body of the clamp means for the roof panel. Fix it by laser welding through the through hole drilled through the clamp plate, and then use the jig equipped with a pair of magnet electrodes to closely contact the welded part between the roof panel and the side panel, and then move the jig. The method of manufacturing a full-open-gate body according to claim 1, wherein the welded portion is laser welded. The said dashboard panel arranges the positioning part of both side parts according to the positioning part of a chassis frame, respectively, and the to-be-welded part of this dashboard panel and a chassis is provided with the clamp means for dashboard. A clamping plate and an elastic body are sandwiched and fixed, and the welded part is laser-welded through a through hole drilled in the clamp plate. The rear tray panel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rear tray panel is positioned in accordance with the alignment portions formed inside the rear sides of the left and right side panels, respectively, and the welded portion between the rear tray panel and the side panel is used for the rear tray. A method of manufacturing a full-open-gate vehicle body comprising: clamping and clamping a clamp plate of an clamp means with an elastic body, and laser welding the welded portion through a through hole drilled through the clamp plate. The said rear panel is positioned according to the positioning part of the rear-end side part of a left-right side panel, respectively, and the to-be-welded part of a rear panel and a side panel of the rear panel is a clamp of the rear panel. The clamped plate is clamped with an elastic body, laser-welded to the welded portion through a through hole drilled through the clamp plate, and furthermore, the lower end of the rear panel and the rear end of the chassis are closely contacted using a jig having a pair of magnet electrodes. And a lower end portion of the rear panel is laser welded to the chassis while the jig is moved. An apparatus for manufacturing a vehicle body by laser welding a component panel or a frame member to a vehicle chassis, comprising: conveying means or setup means for conveying the component panel or frame member to a predetermined position; Clamp means for protecting the welded portion for securing the positioning after positioning, and laser welding means for irradiating a laser beam using a through hole drilled in the clamp means, respectively corresponding to the configuration panel or frame member Full open gate body manufacturing apparatus, characterized in that the excreted. The side panel of the constituent panels is an inner panel and an outer panel are united, and the side panel setup means is equipped with a frame jig of the same type as the press mold of the outer panel to the setup robot. Full-open gate bodywork device that can selectively detach door frame jig and 2 door frame jig. The said positioning means is a lamp for illuminating the said alignment part, when matching the reference pin provided with the alignment part of the chassis structure panel or frame member, and the said reference pin and the reference hole. And a CCD camera for measuring a three-dimensional position of the apparatus, wherein the CCD camera calculates and processes the measurement data and feeds back the offset amount to the conveying means or the setup robot. The clamp of claim 8 or 9, wherein each clamp includes a clamp for clamping the welded portion and an elastic body, the clamp plate is formed with a through hole through which a laser beam passes, and the elastic body is a balloon containing water. Full open gate body manufacturing apparatus characterized in that.