CN109014638B - Welding method of frame type aluminum alloy vehicle body assembly - Google Patents
Welding method of frame type aluminum alloy vehicle body assembly Download PDFInfo
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- CN109014638B CN109014638B CN201810948335.4A CN201810948335A CN109014638B CN 109014638 B CN109014638 B CN 109014638B CN 201810948335 A CN201810948335 A CN 201810948335A CN 109014638 B CN109014638 B CN 109014638B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/02—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to soldering or welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/003—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to controlling of welding distortion
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Abstract
The invention discloses a welding method of a frame type aluminum alloy vehicle body assembly, which comprises the following steps: firstly, welding a vehicle body assembly, and then welding an air chamber component, a vehicle body upper assembly and the vehicle body assembly; welding the left hinge connecting plate and the right hinge connecting plate on the automobile body sub-assembly simultaneously and symmetrically; welding the front wall plate assembly and the vehicle body sub-assembly; welding the brake pedal mounting bracket and the vehicle body sub-assembly; and simultaneously and symmetrically welding the left front wheel cover reinforcing beam and the right front wheel cover reinforcing beam on the vehicle body sub-assembly. According to the invention, through reasonable assembly and welding sequence, the size defect caused by welding deformation is effectively reduced, and the size precision of the vehicle body assembly is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a welding method of a frame type aluminum alloy vehicle body assembly.
Background
With the increase of the automobile holding capacity and the strict requirements of environmental protection laws and regulations, the problems of environmental protection, energy conservation and emission reduction are more prominent, so that the light weight of the automobile body is imperative. The light weight of the automobile body aims to reduce the weight of the automobile body on the basis of ensuring the safety, the crashworthiness, the torsion resistance and the controllability of the automobile. Because the aluminum alloy material has the advantages of small specific gravity, high strength, good formability and low cost, the aluminum alloy material is widely applied to the manufacture of automobile bodies. The automobile body-in-white mainly formed by the aluminum alloy extruded section has the advantages of light weight and good mechanical property, so the automobile body with the structure is widely applied.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a welding method of a frame type aluminum alloy vehicle body assembly, which can effectively reduce welding deformation and improve the dimensional accuracy and welding quality of the vehicle body assembly.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a welding method of a frame type aluminum alloy vehicle body assembly comprises the following steps:
1) welding the vehicle body sub-assembly;
2) welding the air chamber assembly, the upper vehicle body assembly and the vehicle body sub-assembly;
3) welding the left hinge connecting plate and the right hinge connecting plate on the automobile body sub-assembly simultaneously and symmetrically;
4) welding the front wall plate assembly and the vehicle body sub-assembly;
5) welding the brake pedal mounting bracket and the vehicle body sub-assembly;
6) and simultaneously and symmetrically welding the left front wheel cover reinforcing beam and the right front wheel cover reinforcing beam on the vehicle body sub-assembly.
In one embodiment, the welding method of the vehicle body sub-assembly in the step 1) comprises the following steps:
A1) welding a vehicle body bottom assembly;
A2) welding the left air chamber patch plate and the right air chamber patch plate on the vehicle body bottom assembly simultaneously and symmetrically;
A3) welding the left front wheel cover assembly and the right front wheel cover assembly on the vehicle body bottom assembly simultaneously and symmetrically;
A4) and simultaneously and symmetrically welding the left front surrounding pedal assembly and the right front surrounding pedal assembly on the vehicle body bottom assembly.
In one embodiment, the welding method for the vehicle body bottom assembly in the step a1) includes the following steps:
B1) welding the front cabin assembly, the passenger cabin assembly and the rear cabin assembly;
B2) a left front connecting beam and a right front connecting beam are welded between the front cabin assembly and the passenger cabin assembly at the same time, the left front connecting beam and the right front connecting beam are symmetrically arranged, and process margins are reserved on the left front connecting beam and the right front connecting beam;
B3) a left rear connecting beam and a right rear connecting beam are welded between the passenger compartment assembly and the rear compartment assembly at the same time, and the left rear connecting beam and the right rear connecting beam are symmetrically arranged.
In one embodiment, the air plenum component in step 2) comprises an air chamber assembly, an air chamber left side beam assembly and an air chamber right side beam assembly; the method for welding the air chamber assembly, the upper vehicle body assembly and the sub-vehicle body assembly comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of welding an air chamber left side beam assembly and an air chamber right side beam at two ends of an air chamber assembly respectively, welding the air chamber left side beam assembly and the air chamber right side beam with an upper vehicle body assembly at the same time, and welding the upper vehicle body assembly, the air chamber left side beam assembly and the air chamber right side beam with a vehicle body sub-assembly.
In one embodiment, the air chamber left side beam assembly and the air chamber right side beam are reserved with process margins.
In one embodiment, the symmetrical welds between the upper body assembly and the body sub-assembly are all welded simultaneously as the upper body assembly and the body sub-assembly are welded.
In one embodiment, in step 3), a process margin is reserved for each of the left hinge connecting plate and the right hinge connecting plate.
In one embodiment, in the step 4), when the front wall panel assembly and the vehicle body sub-assembly are welded, an upper welding seam between the front wall panel assembly and the vehicle body sub-assembly is welded, and then a lower welding seam is welded, and all welding seams are welded from the middle of the welding seam to the two ends.
In one embodiment, in step 6), a process margin is reserved for each of the left front wheel cover reinforcing beam and the right front wheel cover reinforcing beam.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the welding method of the frame type aluminum alloy vehicle body assembly, the size defects caused by welding deformation are effectively reduced and the size precision of the vehicle body assembly is improved through reasonable assembling and welding sequence and matching with the process allowance of parts; the whole welding method is simple and reliable in operation, welding efficiency is improved, and production cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a vehicle body assembly weld in one process of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the welding of the body assembly in another process of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the welding of the body assembly in another process of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the welding of the body assembly in another process of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an exploded view of the welding of the body assembly in another process of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an exploded view of the welding of the body assembly in another process of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the left front coupling beam of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of the air chamber left sill assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of the left hinge connecting plate of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the construction of the left front wheel house reinforcement beam of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. front cabin assembly, 2, passenger cabin assembly, 3, rear cabin assembly, 4, left front connecting beam, 5, right front connecting beam, 6, left rear connecting beam, 7, right rear connecting beam, 8, left air chamber patch, 9, right air chamber patch, 10, left front wheel cover assembly, 11, left front wall pedal assembly, 12, right front wall pedal assembly, 13, right front wheel cover assembly, 14, air chamber assembly, 15, air chamber left side beam assembly, 16, air chamber right side beam assembly, 17, vehicle body upper assembly, 18, left hinge connecting plate, 19, right hinge connecting plate, 20, brake pedal mounting bracket, 21, front wall assembly, 22, left front wheel cover reinforcing beam, 23, right front wheel cover reinforcing beam.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the following figures and specific examples so that those skilled in the art may better understand the present invention and practice it, but the examples are not intended to limit the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 10, the present embodiment discloses a welding method for a frame-type aluminum alloy vehicle body assembly, where the frame-type aluminum alloy vehicle body assembly includes a vehicle body sub-assembly, an air chamber assembly, a vehicle body upper assembly 17, a left hinge connecting plate 18, a right hinge connecting plate 19, a dash panel assembly 21, a brake pedal mounting bracket 20, a left front wheel cover reinforcing beam 22, and a right front wheel cover reinforcing beam 23, and the welding method for the vehicle body assembly includes the following steps:
1) welding the vehicle body sub-assembly;
the vehicle body sub-assembly comprises a vehicle body bottom assembly, a left air chamber patch 8, a right air chamber patch 9, a left front wheel cover assembly 10, a right front wheel cover assembly 13, a left front wall pedal assembly 11 and a right front wall pedal assembly 12; the vehicle body bottom assembly comprises a front cabin assembly 1, a passenger cabin assembly 2, a rear cabin assembly 3, a left front connecting beam 4, a right front connecting beam 5, a left rear connecting beam 6 and a right rear connecting beam 7.
The specific welding method of the vehicle body sub-assembly comprises the following steps:
A1) welding the vehicle body bottom assembly:
referring to fig. 1, a front cabin assembly 1, a passenger cabin assembly 2 and a rear cabin assembly 3 are fixed together by spot welding, and then a left front connecting beam 4 and a right front connecting beam 5 are fixed between the front cabin assembly 1 and the passenger cabin assembly 2 by spot welding, and a left rear connecting beam 6 and a right rear connecting beam 7 are fixed between the passenger cabin assembly 2 and the rear cabin assembly 3 by spot welding; then the following steps are carried out:
B1) the front cabin assembly 1, the passenger cabin assembly 2 and the rear cabin assembly 3 are welded together.
B2) A left front connecting beam 4 and a right front connecting beam 5 are welded between the front cabin assembly 1 and the passenger cabin assembly 2 at the same time, and the left front connecting beam 4 and the right front connecting beam 5 are symmetrically arranged; namely, during welding, the left front connecting beam 4 and the right front connecting beam 5 are symmetrically welded at the same time, which is beneficial to reducing welding deformation;
furthermore, process margins are reserved on the left front connecting beam 4 and the right front connecting beam 5; the process allowance is 1-2 mm, preferably 1.5mm, that is, referring to fig. 7, the dimension of the cross section m at the two sides of the left front connecting beam 4 is lengthened by 1.5mm, the dimension tolerance is performed according to the upper deviation, and similarly, the dimension of the end part at the two sides of the right front connecting beam 5 is lengthened by 1.5mm, and the dimension tolerance is performed according to the upper deviation. The influence of welding deformation on the size of the vehicle body can be reduced by reserving the process allowance, and smooth assembly of the workpiece is facilitated.
B3) Left rear portion tie-beam 6 and right rear portion tie-beam 7 weld simultaneously between passenger cabin assembly 2 and rear deck assembly 3, and left rear portion tie-beam 6 and right rear portion tie-beam 6 are the symmetry setting, and also during the welding, left front portion tie-beam 6 and right front portion tie-beam 7 symmetry are executed welding simultaneously, do benefit to and reduce welding deformation.
A2) Referring to fig. 2, firstly, spot welding is performed on welding seams between the left air chamber patch 8, the right air chamber patch 9 and the vehicle body bottom assembly, the left air chamber patch 8 and the right air chamber patch 9 are symmetrically arranged, then the welding seams are welded, and the left air chamber patch 8 and the right air chamber patch 9 are simultaneously and symmetrically welded on the vehicle body bottom assembly during welding so as to reduce welding deformation;
A3) firstly, spot welding and fixing welding seams among the left front wheel cover assembly 10, the right front wheel cover assembly 13 and the vehicle body bottom assembly, wherein the left front wheel cover assembly 10 and the right front wheel cover assembly 13 are symmetrically arranged, then the welding seams are welded, and the left front wheel cover assembly 10 and the right front wheel cover assembly 13 are simultaneously and symmetrically welded on the vehicle body bottom assembly during welding so as to reduce welding deformation;
A4) weld joint between the pedal closing piece 11, the pedal closing piece 12 and the vehicle bottom assembly before enclosing in the left side is fixed by spot welding, the pedal closing piece 11 and the pedal closing piece 12 are symmetrically arranged before enclosing in the left side, then welding is implemented to the weld joint, and the pedal closing piece 11 and the pedal closing piece 12 are simultaneously and symmetrically welded on the vehicle bottom assembly before enclosing in the left side during welding.
2) Welding the air chamber assembly, the upper vehicle body assembly 17 and the vehicle body sub-assembly;
the air chamber component comprises an air chamber assembly 14, an air chamber left side beam assembly 15 and an air chamber right side beam assembly 16;
the specific method for welding the air chamber assembly, the upper vehicle body assembly 17 and the vehicle body sub-assembly comprises the following steps:
referring to fig. 3, firstly, the air chamber assembly 14, the air chamber left side beam assembly 15, the air chamber right side beam assembly 16, the vehicle body upper assembly 17 and the vehicle body sub-assembly are fixed by spot welding;
respectively welding an air chamber left side beam assembly 15 and an air chamber right side beam 16 at two ends of the air chamber assembly 14, welding the air chamber left side beam assembly 15 and the air chamber right side beam 16 with an upper vehicle body assembly at the same time, and welding an upper vehicle body assembly 17, the air chamber assembly 14, the air chamber left side beam assembly 15 and the air chamber right side beam assembly 16 with a vehicle body sub-assembly;
further, process margins are reserved on the air chamber left side beam assembly 15 and the air chamber right side beam assembly 16, the process margins are 1-2 mm, preferably the process margins are 1.5mm, namely as shown in fig. 8, the process margins are reserved on the section n of the air chamber left side beam assembly 15, the process margins are 1.5mm, and the dimensional tolerance is executed according to the deviation; similarly, the process allowance is reserved at the corresponding section of the air chamber right side beam assembly 16, the process allowance is 1.5mm, the size tolerance is executed according to the deviation, the influence of welding deformation on the size of a vehicle body can be reduced by reserving the process allowance, and smooth assembly of workpieces is facilitated.
In one embodiment, when the upper vehicle body assembly 17 and the vehicle body sub-assembly are welded, the symmetrical welding seams between the upper vehicle body assembly 17 and the vehicle body sub-assembly are all welded at the same time, which is beneficial to reducing welding deformation.
3) Referring to fig. 4, firstly, the welding seams among the left hinge connecting plate 18, the right hinge connecting plate 19 and the vehicle body sub-assembly are fixed by spot welding; then, the left hinge connecting plate 18 and the right hinge connecting plate 19 are welded on the automobile body sub-assembly simultaneously and symmetrically, so that the welding deformation is reduced;
further, process margins are reserved at the end parts of the left hinge connecting plate 18 and the right hinge connecting plate 19, the process margins are 1-2 mm, preferably, the process margins are 1.5mm, namely, as shown in fig. 9, the process margins are reserved at a section p of the left hinge connecting plate 18, the process margins are 1.5mm, and the dimensional tolerance is executed according to the deviation; similarly, a process margin of 1.5mm is reserved at the corresponding section of the right hinge connecting plate 19. The influence of welding deformation on the size of the vehicle body can be reduced by reserving the process allowance, and smooth assembly of the workpiece is facilitated.
4) Referring to fig. 5, the welding line between the front cowl assembly 21 and the vehicle body sub-assembly is fixed by spot welding, and then the welding line between the front cowl assembly 21 and the vehicle body sub-assembly is welded, during welding, the upper welding line between the front cowl assembly 21 and the vehicle body sub-assembly is welded, and then the lower welding line is welded, and during welding, all the welding lines are welded from the middle of the welding line to the two ends, so that welding deformation can be effectively reduced.
5) Firstly, spot welding and fixing the welding line between the brake pedal mounting bracket 20 and the vehicle body sub-assembly, and then welding the welding line between the brake pedal mounting bracket 20 and the vehicle body sub-assembly;
6) referring to fig. 6, the left front wheel cover reinforcing beam 22 and the right front wheel cover reinforcing beam 23 are fixed on the vehicle body sub-assembly by spot welding, and then welding is carried out, and the left front wheel cover reinforcing beam 22 and the right front wheel cover reinforcing beam 23 are welded on the vehicle body sub-assembly simultaneously and symmetrically;
the left front wheel cover reinforcing beam 22 and the right front wheel cover reinforcing beam 23 are reserved with process margins of 1-2 mm, preferably 1.5mm, namely as shown in fig. 10, the size of a section s of the left front wheel cover reinforcing beam 22 is reduced by 1.5mm, and the size tolerance is executed according to the deviation; likewise, the corresponding cross-sectional dimension of the right front wheel house reinforcing beam 23 is also reduced by 1.5 mm. The influence of welding deformation on the size of the vehicle body can be reduced by reserving the process allowance, and smooth assembly of the workpiece is facilitated.
According to the welding method of the vehicle body assembly, firstly, the vehicle body assembly is welded, then the air chamber assembly and the vehicle body upper assembly 17 are welded, so that the deformation of the vehicle body upper assembly 17 and the air chamber assembly during welding is favorably reduced, the dimensional accuracy of the vehicle body edge is ensured, meanwhile, a better vehicle body main body support can be formed, the influence of subsequent component welding on the whole size is favorably reduced, and then the left hinge connecting plate 18 and the right hinge connecting plate 19 are welded, so that the strength of the vehicle body side edge is favorably further enhanced, and the welding deformation is reduced; and then the front wall plate assembly 21 is welded firstly, then the brake pedal mounting bracket 20 is welded, the size of the front wall of the automobile body can be effectively ensured, the influence of the welding or subsequent welding of the brake pedal mounting bracket 20 on the size of the front wall of the automobile body is reduced, and finally the left front wheel cover reinforcing beam 22 and the right front wheel cover reinforcing beam 23 are welded, so that the size shrinkage of the front part of the automobile body caused by welding can be further reduced.
According to the method, through reasonable assembly and welding sequence and matching with the process allowance of parts, the size defect caused by welding deformation is effectively reduced, and the size precision of the vehicle body assembly is improved; the process discharge mode is convenient to operate and low in cost; the whole welding method is simple and reliable to operate, and equipment investment and equipment debugging period are reduced.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The equivalent substitution or change made by the technical personnel in the technical field on the basis of the invention is all within the protection scope of the invention. The protection scope of the invention is subject to the claims.
Claims (9)
1. A welding method of a frame type aluminum alloy vehicle body assembly is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) welding the vehicle body sub-assembly;
the vehicle body sub-assembly comprises a vehicle body bottom assembly, a left air chamber supplement plate, a right air chamber supplement plate, a left front wheel cover assembly, a right front wheel cover assembly, a left front wall pedal assembly and a right front wall pedal assembly;
the vehicle body bottom assembly comprises a front cabin assembly, a passenger cabin assembly, a rear cabin assembly, a left front connecting beam, a right front connecting beam, a left rear connecting beam and a right rear connecting beam;
2) welding the air chamber assembly, the upper vehicle body assembly and the vehicle body sub-assembly;
3) welding the left hinge connecting plate and the right hinge connecting plate on the automobile body sub-assembly simultaneously and symmetrically;
4) welding the front wall plate assembly and the vehicle body sub-assembly;
5) welding the brake pedal mounting bracket and the vehicle body sub-assembly;
6) and simultaneously and symmetrically welding the left front wheel cover reinforcing beam and the right front wheel cover reinforcing beam on the vehicle body sub-assembly.
2. A method of welding a frame-type aluminum alloy body assembly as recited in claim 1 wherein said step 1) of welding the body assembly comprises the steps of:
A1) welding a vehicle body bottom assembly;
A2) welding the left air chamber patch plate and the right air chamber patch plate on the vehicle body bottom assembly simultaneously and symmetrically;
A3) welding the left front wheel cover assembly and the right front wheel cover assembly on the vehicle body bottom assembly simultaneously and symmetrically;
A4) and simultaneously and symmetrically welding the left front surrounding pedal assembly and the right front surrounding pedal assembly on the vehicle body bottom assembly.
3. A method of welding a frame-type aluminum alloy vehicle body assembly as recited in claim 2 wherein said step a1) of welding the vehicle body bottom assembly comprises the steps of:
B1) welding the front cabin assembly, the passenger cabin assembly and the rear cabin assembly;
B2) a left front connecting beam and a right front connecting beam are welded between the front cabin assembly and the passenger cabin assembly at the same time, the left front connecting beam and the right front connecting beam are symmetrically arranged, and process margins are reserved on the left front connecting beam and the right front connecting beam;
B3) a left rear connecting beam and a right rear connecting beam are welded between the passenger compartment assembly and the rear compartment assembly at the same time, and the left rear connecting beam and the right rear connecting beam are symmetrically arranged.
4. A method of welding a frame style aluminum alloy vehicle body assembly as recited in claim 1 wherein said step 2) air plenum assembly comprises an air plenum assembly, an air plenum left side rail assembly and an air plenum right side rail assembly; the method for welding the air chamber assembly, the upper vehicle body assembly and the sub-vehicle body assembly comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of welding an air chamber left side beam assembly and an air chamber right side beam at two ends of an air chamber assembly respectively, welding the air chamber left side beam assembly and the air chamber right side beam with an upper vehicle body assembly at the same time, and welding the upper vehicle body assembly, the air chamber left side beam assembly and the air chamber right side beam with a vehicle body sub-assembly.
5. A method of welding a frame style aluminum alloy vehicle body assembly as recited in claim 4 wherein a process margin is reserved for both the air chamber left side rail assembly and the air chamber right side rail.
6. A method of welding a frame style aluminum alloy vehicle body assembly as defined in claim 4, wherein the symmetrical weld seams between the upper vehicle body assembly and the sub-vehicle body assembly are all welded simultaneously when the upper vehicle body assembly and the sub-vehicle body assembly are welded.
7. A method of welding a frame style aluminum alloy vehicle body assembly as recited in claim 1, wherein a process margin is reserved for each of said left and right hinge webs in said step 3).
8. A method for welding a frame type aluminum alloy vehicle body assembly as recited in claim 1, wherein in said step 4), when the cowl panel assembly and the vehicle body sub-assembly are welded, an upper weld between the cowl panel assembly and the vehicle body sub-assembly is welded, and then a lower weld is welded, and all welds are welded from the middle of the weld toward both ends.
9. A welding method for a frame type aluminum alloy vehicle body assembly according to claim 1, wherein a process margin is reserved for both the left front wheel cover reinforcing beam and the right front wheel cover reinforcing beam in the step 6).
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| CN109822198B (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2021-03-30 | 辽宁忠旺铝合金精深加工有限公司 | Welding process of lightweight new energy all-aluminum passenger car |
| CN111702361B (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2022-03-08 | 武汉中车电牵科技有限公司 | Process method for controlling welding deformation of rail transit box girder component |
| CN112975180B (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2022-08-02 | 青岛四方阿尔斯通铁路运输设备有限公司 | Process method for longitudinal dimension discharge of aluminum alloy underframe frame assembly |
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