KR19990079375A - Feed Production Method Based on Food Waste Using Microorganisms - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a feed manufacturing method of the food waste predominant using microorganisms, after transporting the collected food waste using a mesh conveyor and dehydrated through a mechanical method, after removing the foreign matter, crushed in a crusher again mesh conveyor After dehydration and drying in a multi-stage dryer, sterilized, stored and then transferred to a fermenter, at least selected from the group consisting of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (HG304), Lactobacillus sp. (HG505) and Bacillus sp. (HG730) After spraying at least one microorganism, it is mixed homogeneously in a mixer and transferred to a fermenter, and then fermented for 38 to 48 hours at a temperature of 23 to 27 ° C. Not only can you easily handle food waste, It was prepared by hameuroseo the feed to obtain a cost-effective.

Description

Feed production method based on food waste using microorganisms.

The present invention relates to a method for preparing feed for food wastes using microorganisms. More specifically, the collected food wastes are transported using a mesh conveyor and dehydrated by a mechanical method, and then debris is removed from the shredder. After being crushed and transferred back to the mesh conveyor, dehydrated, dried and sterilized in a multi-stage dryer, and then stored in a fermenter, which is composed of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (HG304), Lactobacillus sp. (HG505) and Bacillus sp. (HG730). After spraying at least one microorganism selected from the group, the mixture is homogeneously mixed in a mixer, transferred to a fermenter, and then fermented for 38 to 48 hours at a temperature of 23 to 27 ° C. for food waste using microorganisms. It relates to a feed production method of the subject.

In general, a large amount of food waste is generated in each household or restaurant, which amounts to 25 to 35% of the total amount of household waste, and this food waste contains an excessive amount of water, which causes considerable cost and difficulty in processing. In addition, there was a problem that bad smell occurs when the organic matter of food waste is decomposed and various pathogens grow naturally, which greatly affects hygiene.

As a conventional food waste treatment method for solving the problems as described above, a method of incineration by using a landfill method and an incinerator is widely applied.

However, when burying food waste, a large amount of leachate is inevitably generated, which not only contaminates the surrounding environment but also groundwater, and causes economic problems due to securing and establishing a landfill.

In addition, the incineration of food waste requires a lot of energy due to incineration, and a lot of expenses are required, as well as the generation of toxic substances such as dioxin, which may have a fatal effect on the human body and cause serious environmental pollution. There was a problem.

In addition, recently, a drying method for reducing the amount of food waste by forcibly drying the moisture contained in food waste by using a dryer, a method of recycling to fertilizer or feed, and a method of extinguishing food waste using microorganisms are proposed. It is becoming.

However, the drying method is causing secondary pollution problems due to the discharge of waste gas and waste water, which is harmful to the human body, and requires a large amount of water to be dried, which requires excessive costs, and recycles it as a fertilizer or feed and uses microorganisms. Therefore, in the method of extinguishing food waste, use is avoided due to severe odor generated when organic matter is decomposed, and its efficacy is not satisfactory, so it is rarely used in actual use. In particular, the composting method is positively evaluated in terms of recycling, but the degradation of the soil due to the accumulation of salinity in the residue has been raised as a problem.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for preparing a food waste predominantly based on food waste using microorganisms, which not only facilitates the processing of food waste but also recycles and is used as feed to improve economics.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a feed of food residues using microorganisms prepared using the method of the above object.

In order to achieve the above object as well as another object that can be easily expressed in the present invention, the collected food wastes are transferred using a mesh conveyor and dehydrated by a mechanical method, and then foreign substances are removed, and then in a crusher. After being crushed and transferred back to the mesh conveyor, dehydrated, dried and sterilized in a multi-stage dryer, and then stored in a fermenter, which is composed of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (HG304), Lactobacillus sp. (HG505) and Bacillus sp. (HG730). After spraying at least one microorganism selected from the group, the mixture is homogeneously mixed in a mixer, transferred to a fermenter, and then fermented for 38 to 48 hours at a temperature of 23 to 27 ° C. to produce odor without causing environmental pollution. Rarely and easily handles food waste at low cost Hameuroseo producing a feed by using a plant debris were obtained economical effect.

The present invention is described in more detail as follows.

In the feed manufacturing method of food wastes using the microorganism according to the present invention, the collected food wastes are transferred using a mesh conveyor and dehydrated through a mechanical method, and then, after removing the foreign substances, crushing them in a crusher and transferring them back to the mesh conveyor. Dehydrated, dried and sterilized in a multi-stage dryer, stored, and then transferred to a fermenter, at least one selected from the group consisting of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (HG304), Lactobacillus sp. (HG505) and Bacillus sp. (HG730). After spraying the above microorganisms, it is characterized by homogeneously mixing in a mixer and transferring to a fermenter, followed by fermentation for 38 to 48 hours at a temperature of 23 to 27 ℃.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (HG304) is a yeast isolated from the soil of domestic grape (Campbell) orchards and grapes produced from the orchards as a separation source, and after adding sterile physiological saline to the separation source, After taking the supernatant and diluting, the diluting solution was obtained by pure separation by serial passage method by selecting a single colony while cultivating the diluted solution in YPD agar medium containing streptomycin. It contains some alcohol, which enhances the palatability of livestock for feed.

In addition, Lactobacillus sp. (HG505) is separated from the traditional fermented food kimchi and suckling infant feces as a separation source, after adding sterile physiological saline to the separation source to make a homogeneous solution, and then left the supernatant After diluting and diluting, the dilution solution was obtained by pure separation by serial passage method by selecting a single colony while cultivating in MRS agar medium. In the present invention, the organic matter contained in food waste is converted into lactic acid through fermentation process. It facilitates digestion and absorption, and activates the digestive system of livestock, inducing the action of intestines.

Bacillus sp. (HG730) is a isolate that has a variety of extracellular degrading enzyme production ability using domestic soil and traditional fermented foods, such as doenjang and cheonggukjang, as a separation source. After the solution was made, it was left to stand, the supernatant was taken, heated, sterilized, cooled and diluted, and the colonies formed by culturing the diluted solution in a nutritious agar medium were obtained by pure separation by continuous passage method. In the present invention, by producing and secreting a large amount of various organic extracellular enzymes to function to facilitate the digestion and absorption of organic matter contained in food waste.

As the microorganism used for feed in the present invention, at least one microorganism selected from the group consisting of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (HG304), Lactobacillus sp. (HG505) and Bacillus sp. (HG730) as described above may be used. However, in order for the composition of the feed to be manufactured to be suitable as a feed, it is preferable to use the three kinds of microorganisms as appropriately mixed. That is, the feed can be prepared by using each microorganism or mixed only two species, but 30 to 60% by weight of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (HG304) culture, 20 to 50% by weight of Lactobacillus sp. (HG505) culture and Bacillus sp (HG730) 20-50% by weight of the culture mixture was most preferred in terms of the composition of the feed prepared.

First, while transporting the food waste collected from the general home or restaurant using a mesh conveyor (mesh conveyor) to remove foreign substances and at the same time to naturally dehydrate. At this time, the pore size of the mesh conveyor can be appropriately selected according to the properties and dehydration efficiency of the food waste to be transported, but preferably about 0.5mm in diameter.

The food waste transported in the above process is subjected to a primary dehydration process using a mechanical method using a roller, then crushed in a gear crusher, and then transferred to a multi-stage dryer using a mesh conveyor. Natural dehydration occurs by the mesh conveyor during the transfer to the dryer, wherein the hole size of the mesh conveyor is preferably smaller than the mesh size used for the transfer to the dewatering roller, and is preferably about 0.3 mm.

The food wastes transferred to the multistage dryer were transported from the inlet to the outlet of the multistage dryer for about 2 hours, and dried at a temperature of about 80 ° C. to dry and sterilized at the same time. However, it can be easily inferred by those skilled in the art that the temperature in the dryer and the time required in the drying furnace may be appropriately changed according to the properties and water content of the food waste.

As described above, the food residues of which moisture content is adequately controlled through drying and sterilization are stored in silos, and according to the capacity of the fermentation tanks, the appropriate amount of food residues is transferred from silos to fermenters using conveyors. At least one microorganism selected from the group consisting of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (HG304), Lactobacillus sp. (HG505) and Bacillus sp. (HG730) described above is sprayed and uniformly mixed while passing through a mixer to be transferred to the fermenter.

The fermenter is fermented at a temperature of 23-27 ℃ for 38-48 hours to convert it into a substance that is easily digested and absorbed through the decomposition and fermentation of food waste by microorganisms, so that it contains appropriate nutrients and enhances palatability of livestock. You get a feed.

If the temperature of the fermentation tank is less than 23 ℃, the growth of microorganisms are not enough to feed easily or takes too much time to feed, and if the temperature exceeds 27 ℃, abnormal fermentation of food waste occurs or economical If the fermentation time is less than 38 hours, there is a disadvantage that the feed is not fully achieved, and if the fermentation time is more than 48 hours, it is not economical because there is no synergistic effect of the fermentation efficiency over time.

In addition to the feed additives commonly used in the feed prepared as described above, it is also possible to add a suitable amount of feed of a commonly used livestock.

The following examples illustrate the invention in more detail, but do not limit the scope of the invention.

Example 1 Isolation of Yeast

As a yeast isolated from the soil of domestic grape (Campbell) orchard and grapes produced from the orchard as a separation source, 100 ml of sterilized physiological saline is added to 10 g of the separation source, shaken, and made a homogeneous solution by grinding. After standing at room temperature for 1 hour, 1 ml of the supernatant was diluted to 10 ^-3 by the decimal dilution method, and the diluted solution was plated on a YPD agar medium having the following composition with 50 µg / ml of streptomycin and 3 at 28 ° C. While culturing for a day, a single colony was selected and purely separated by serial passaging to obtain yeast.

* YPD agar badge

Yeast extract 1%

Peptone 2%

Glucose 2%

Example 2 Culture Characteristics of Yeast

As a result of inoculating the yeasts isolated in Example 1 onto the YPD agar medium of the same composition as in Example 1 and culturing, the color of the colonies was white cream color, and the part of the colonies was observed under a microscope. It was confirmed to breed.

The results of examining the fermentation ability of the isolated yeast are shown in Table 1.

Table 1. Material fermentation capacity of isolated yeast

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D-glucose positive

D-galactose positive

D-maltose positive

D-lactose negative

Cellobiose voice

Sucrose voice

Inulin voice

Starch positive

Xylose voice

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In addition, the results of examining the growth ability of the isolated yeast are shown in Table 2 below.

Table 2. Growth ability of isolated yeast

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D-glucose positive, positive at 25 ° C

D-galactose positive, positive at 30 ° C

D-maltose negative, positive at 40 ° C

D-lactose negative, mannitol negative

Cellobiose negative, ethanol positive / negative

Sucrose positive, raffinose positive

Inulin voice, L-lysine voice

Starch positive, nitrate negative

D-xylose voice, nitrite voice

D-Citrelet Voice, Creatine Voice

D-salted voice, D-mannitol voice

D-glycerol positive, ribitol negative

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The yeast isolated according to the results of Examples 1 and 2 was identified as Saccharomyces cerevisiae (HG304), and the isolated yeast was deposited with Korea Gene Bank on March 30, 1998 (Accession Number: KCTC-8882P).

Example 3. Isolation of Lactic Acid Producing Bacteria

Traditional fermented food Kimchi and suckling infant feces were separated as a separate source, and 100ml of sterilized physiological saline was added to 10g of the separating source, shaken and ground to make a homogeneous solution, and then allowed to stand at room temperature for 1 hour. Take 1 ml of the solution and dilute it to 10 ^-3 by 10 ^- degree dilution method, spread the diluted solution on MRS agar medium having the following composition, and incubate the plated medium at 25 ° C for 1 week to select a single colony by continuous passage method. Obtained by pure separation.

* MRS agar medium

Bacterium Proteases Peptone # 3 1%

Bakto Beef Extract 1%

Bacto East Extract 0.5%

Glucose 2%

Sorbitan monooleate 0.1%

Ammonium Citrate 0.2%

Sodium acetate 0.5%

Magnesium sulfate 0.01%

Manganese Sulfate 0.01%

Disodium phosphate 0.2%

Example 4 Culture Characteristics of Lactic Acid Producing Bacteria

As a result of inoculation of the lactic acid producing bacteria isolated in Example 3 into the MRS agar medium and the liquid medium described in Example 3, the physiological characteristics were as shown in Table 3 below.

Table 3. Physiological Characteristics of Isolated Lactic Acid Producing Bacteria

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On cell-shaped rods

Positive anaerobic (aerobic) positive

Motility voice

Catalase voice

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The result of examining the substance fermentation ability of the lactic acid producing bacteria isolated in Example 3 was as Table 4 below.

Table 4. Material Fermentation Capacity of Isolated Lactic Acid Producing Bacteria

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Starch positive, fructose positive

Galactose positive, glucose positive

Gluconate positive, lactose positive

Maltose positive, mannitol negative

Mannose positive, melibiose positive

Raffinose negative, ribose positive

Salicylic negative, sucrose positive

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In addition, as a general characteristic of the culture, it was found that the result of the growth at 45 ℃, positive, the lactic acid producing bacteria obtained in Example 3 through the above experimental results was confirmed as Lactobacillus sp. (HG505), 1998 Deposited to Korea Gene Bank on March 30 (Accession Number: KCTC-8881P)

Example 5 Isolation of Bacillus

It is isolated from domestic soil and traditional fermented foods such as Doenjang and Cheonggukjang as separate sources, and has the ability to produce a variety of extracellular degrading enzymes. After standing for 1 hour, 1 ml of the supernatant was taken and transferred to a sterilized test tube, heated at 80 ° C. for 2 hours, sterilized, cooled to room temperature, diluted to 10 ^-3 by decimal dilution method, and diluted solution was nutrient agar of the following composition. The colonies were formed by smearing on the medium and incubating at 30 ° C. for 12 hours to obtain pure separation by serial passage.

Example 6 Culture Characteristics of Bacillus

As a result of inoculation of the isolated bacilli in Example 5 into the nutrient agar medium and the liquid medium described in Example 5, the physiological characteristics were as shown in Table 5 below.

------------------------------------

On cell-shaped rods

Endogenous Spores

Positivity

Gram dye positive

Catalase positive

Boggs-Pro Scauer Positive

(voges-proskauer)

------------------------------------

In addition, the results of the acid production for the various carbon sources of the isolated bacterium are shown in Table 6 below.

Table 6. Results of Acid Production of Isolated Bacillus

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Glucose positive

Arabinose positive

Xylose positivity

Mannitol voice

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On the other hand, the test results of the hydrolysis of the bacillus isolated in Example 5, as shown in the following Table 7 was well decomposed casein, gelatin and starch, to produce and secrete a large amount of various extracellular hydrolase Confirmed.

Table 7. Results of hydrolysis of isolated bacilli

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Casein positive

Gelatin positive

Starch positive

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In addition, the results of examining the growth ability of the isolated bacilli are shown in Table 8 below.

Table 8. Growth test results of isolated bacilli

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Citrate positive, propionate positive

Nitrate reducing positive, indole forming negative

NaCl or KCl required negative, positive growth at 40 ℃

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The bacillus isolated in Example 5 from the above experimental results was identified as Bacillus sp. (HG730), and deposited on March 30, 1998 to the Korea Gene Bank. (Accession No .: KCTC-8877P)

Example 7 Pretreatment of Food Waste

After transporting food wastes collected from homes or restaurants by using a mesh conveyor to remove debris and natural dehydration, and after the first dehydration process using a mechanical method using a roller, It is crushed in a type crusher and then transferred to a multi-stage dryer using a mesh conveyor.

The food waste transferred to the multistage drier was transferred to the outlet from the inlet of the multistage drier for about 2 hours, and the temperature in the drier was rolled to 80 ° C. to dry and sterilize at the same time.

As described above, food wastes with proper moisture content through drying and sterilization were stored in silos.

Example 8 Conversion to Feed Through a Fermentation Process

According to the capacity of the fermenter, an appropriate amount of food waste is transferred from the silo to the fermenter using a conveyor, in this process 40% by weight of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (HG304) medium, 30% by weight of Lactobacillus sp. (HG505) medium and Bacillus sp. HG730) 2% by weight of the microorganism consisting of 30% by weight of the culture medium is sprayed with respect to the amount of food waste, and uniformly mixed by passing through a mixer to be transferred to the fermentation tank.

The fermenter is fermented at a temperature of 25 ° C. for 45 hours, thereby converting food wastes by microorganisms into fermentation and digestion, and converting them into substances that are easily digested and absorbed. Got.

The results of analyzing the composition of the prepared feed are shown in Table 9 below.

Table 9. Composition Analysis of Food Leftover Feed

ingredient Crude protein Crude fat View minutes Crude fiber salt content(%) 9.14 10.1 5.2 18.5 0.23

As described above, in the present invention, the collected food wastes are transferred using a mesh conveyor and dehydrated by a mechanical method, and then, foreign matters are removed, and then dehydrated while being crushed in a crusher and transferred to a mesh conveyor again and dried in a multi-stage dryer. After sterilization and storage, a certain amount is transferred to the fermenter, followed by spraying at least one microorganism selected from the group consisting of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (HG304), Lactobacillus sp. (HG505) and Bacillus sp. (HG730). It is mixed homogeneously and transferred to fermenter, then fermented for 38-48 hours at 23-27 ℃ temperature, so that it does not cause environmental pollution, produces little odor, and can easily handle food waste at low cost. In addition, it is possible to obtain economic effects by preparing feed using food waste. Could.

Claims (11)

After collecting the collected food waste using the mesh conveyor and dehydrating it by mechanical method, remove the foreign matter, then crush it in the crusher and transfer it to the mesh conveyor again. To at least one microorganism selected from the group consisting of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (HG304), Lactobacillus sp. (HG505), and Bacillus sp. (HG730), and then homogeneously mixed in a mixer and transferred to the fermenter. Then, feed production method of the main food residues using microorganisms characterized in that the fermentation. The method of claim 1, wherein the microorganism is Saccharomyces cerevisiae (HG304) (Accession No .: KCTC-8882P). The method of claim 1, wherein the microorganism is Lactobacillus sp. (HG505) (Accession Number: KCTC-8881P) The food production method of the food residues using the microorganism, characterized in that. The method of claim 1, wherein the microorganism is Bacillus sp. (HG730) (Accession Number: KCTC-8877P) The food manufacturing method of the food residues using the microorganism, characterized in that. The microorganism of claim 1, wherein the microorganism is a mixed strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (HG304) (Accession No .: KCTC-8882P) and Lactobacillus sp. (HG505) (Accession No .: KCTC-8881P). Feed manufacturing method. The microorganism of claim 1, wherein the microorganism is a mixed strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (HG304) (accession number: KCTC-8882P) and Bacillus sp. (HG730) (accession number: KCTC-8877P). Feed manufacturing method. The microorganism of claim 1, wherein the microorganism is a mixed strain of Lactobacillus sp. (HG505) (Accession No .: KCTC-8881P) and Bacillus sp. (HG730) (Accession No .: KCTC-8877P). Feed production method. The microorganism of claim 1, wherein the microorganism is Saccharomyces cerevisiae (HG304) (accession number: KCTC-8882P), Lactobacillus sp. (HG505) (accession number: KCTC-8881P) and Bacillus sp. (HG730) (accession number: KCTC-8877P). Feed production method of the food residues using the microorganism, characterized in that the mixed strain of). The microorganism according to claim 8, wherein the mixing ratio is 30 to 60% by weight of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (HG304) culture, 20 to 50% by weight of Lactobacillus sp. (HG505) and 20 to 50% by weight of Bacillus sp. (HG730) culture. Feed production method of food wastes presided over. The method according to claim 1, wherein the fermentation is carried out at a temperature of 23 to 27 ° C. for 38 to 48 hours. Feed of food wastes based on microorganisms prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 10