KR19990060805A - Absorber Structure of Absorption Heating System - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an absorber structure of an absorption type heating and cooling system. In particular, when the plate heat exchanger is used as the absorber, the purpose of the present invention is to improve the performance of the absorber by allowing the refrigerant vapor to be smoothly absorbed into the medicinal solution in the plate heat exchanger.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an absorption heating and cooling system employing a plate heat exchanger as an absorber, wherein the plate heat exchanger is stacked in multiple sheets to form a flow path of the hot or cold part fluid therebetween, and It comprises a high temperature section fluid inlet / outlet and a low temperature section fluid inlet / outlet formed in the upper, lower, and the refrigerant steam inlet formed between the hot section fluid inlet and the cold section fluid outlet (or inlet).

Description

Absorber Structure of Absorption Heating System

The present invention relates to a compact absorption heating and cooling system employing a plate heat exchanger, and more particularly, to a structure of an absorber plate heat exchanger for smoothly absorbing refrigerant vapor into a chemical solution when a plate heat exchanger is employed as the absorber.

As shown in FIG. 1, a general structure of a small absorption type air-conditioning system employing a plate heat exchanger includes a burner 1 that generates heat, and is heated by the burner 1 to generate a chemical solution and a refrigerant vapor from a strong solution. Regenerator 2 to be separated, a gas-liquid separator 3 separating the refrigerant vapor and the medicinal solution generated from the regenerator 2, respectively, and the refrigerant vapor and the medicinal solution separated from the gas-liquid separator 3 are respectively introduced into After performing heat and mass transfer with the strong solution descending from the refrigerant vapor, the purity thereof becomes high, and the solution heat becomes high in the solution heat exchanger 4 and the solution heat exchanger 4 which lose heat. Rectifier (5) is rectified by the refrigerant vapor of a high concentration by the mass transfer of the strong solution and the descending from the upper while the refrigerant vapor in the state flows in and rises, and the refrigerant vapor rectified from the rectifier (5) Condenser 6 condensed in a liquid refrigerant state by the cooling water flowing outside thereof, a refrigerant heat exchanger 7 in which heat exchange occurs between the liquid refrigerant condensed from the condenser 6 and the refrigerant vapor evaporated from the evaporator, The liquid refrigerant condensed from the condenser (7) flows into the evaporator (8), which is evaporated back into the refrigerant vapor, and the refrigerant vapor evaporated from the evaporator (8) is absorbed by the chemical solution introduced from the regenerator (2). It consists of an absorber (9) for producing a strong solution of the initial concentration of the regenerator, and a solution pump (10) for pumping the steel solution generated from the absorber (9) to the rectifier (5).

Further, a restrictor 11 is disposed between the refrigerant heat exchanger 7 and the evaporator 8 and between the absorber 9 and the solution heat exchanger 4 to compensate the pressure difference between the high pressure portion and the low pressure portion. The indoor unit 12 and the outdoor unit coil (heated in the drawing) in which the coolant or the heated or cooled water moves to cool or heat by exchanging heat with the refrigerant from the condenser 6, the evaporator 8, and the absorber 9. H) is provided.

When the steel solution flows into the regenerator 2 in the above-described configuration, the steel solution flows through the tube of the regenerator 2 and is heated by the burner 1, which is a combustion part, so that the state of the two-phase refrigerant (coolant vapor + chemical solution) is maintained. It is introduced into the gas-liquid separator 3 connected to the discharge side of the tube and separated into refrigerant vapor and chemical solution.

Among them, the refrigerant vapor is introduced into the solution heat exchanger (4) through the vapor tube of the gas-liquid separator (3), and the chemical solution through the liquid tube of the gas-liquid separator (3).

The solution heat exchanger (4) is a shape in which a coil for heat exchange is inserted into the cylinder, and the liquid pipe of the gas-liquid separator (3) is connected to the coil, and the steam pipe is connected to the cylinder.

As such, the medicinal solution separated from the gas-liquid separator 3 flows into the coil of the solution heat exchanger 4 and flows, and the refrigerant vapor rises in contact with it from the outside of the coil.

At this time, when the strong solution (from the rectifier) is supplied to the upper portion of the solution heat exchanger (4) flows in the form of a thin film while wetting the surface of the coil. The temperature is lowered to near the saturation temperature in the absorber (9), the steel solution rises to the corresponding temperature and flows into the regenerator (2) to reduce the amount of heat to be heated to the steel solution in the regenerator (2), The refrigerant vapor flowing from the gas-liquid separator 3 and rising inside the cylinder is thereby introduced into the rectifier 5 in a state where the purity thereof is increased.

The refrigerant vapor introduced into the rectifier (5) exchanges heat with the strong solution introduced into the rectifier (5) through the pumping of the solution pump (10) from the absorber (9) and then evaporated together in the regenerator (2) By condensation, it is rectified to a high concentration of refrigerant vapor.

On the other hand, the chemical solution discharged from the solution heat exchanger (4) flows into the absorber (9).

The high concentration refrigerant vapor rectified by the rectifier (5) flows into the condenser (6), and condenses in a liquid refrigerant state by heat exchange with the low temperature cooling water flowing in the flow path isolated from the condenser (6), the liquid refrigerant is a refrigerant As it passes through the heat exchanger (7) it is exchanged with the relatively low temperature refrigerant vapor generated in the evaporator (8) flowing into the absorber (9).

By this heat exchange effect, the temperature of the liquid refrigerant is lowered to the evaporation temperature in the evaporator (8), the refrigerant vapor is raised to the saturation temperature of the absorber (9), the absorption phenomenon is accelerated, and the amount of refrigerant contained in the refrigerant vapor Also evaporates the liquid refrigerant.

The liquid refrigerant introduced into the evaporator (8) heats up with the relatively high temperature cold water flowing around the evaporator (8) and boils in a two-phase refrigerant, which passes through the refrigerant heat exchanger (7) again. Heat exchange with the high temperature liquid refrigerant and further boiling to enter the absorber (9).

The refrigerant vapor introduced into the absorber (9) is absorbed by the medicinal solution introduced from the gas-liquid separator (3) to generate a strong solution, and the heat of absorption generated at this time is offset by the low temperature cooling water flowing around the absorber (9). .

At this time, the strong solution generated in the absorber 9 is introduced into the rectifier 5 by the pumping of the solution pump 10 and then into the solution heat exchanger 4, and the strong solution flows into the coil. After the heat exchange with the temperature rises again to the regenerator (2), the above operation is repeated sequentially.

Here, due to the characteristics of the system, the regenerator 2 and the condenser 6 form a high pressure portion, and the evaporator 8 and the absorber 9 form a low pressure portion, and the difference in pressure is obtained by using a plurality of restrictors 11. Will be solved.

That is, the restrictor 11 causes a pressure loss by reducing the cross-sectional area of the flow path, so that the pressure difference between both ends is generated.

This absorption type air-conditioning system is a heat pump for cooling and heating function. In the case of cooling, the cooling water can be obtained from the latent heat of evaporation of the refrigerant in the evaporator (8), and in the case of heating, the latent heat and condenser (9) of the condenser (6). Heating water can be obtained from the heat of absorption.

In addition, this operation is performed while continuously circulating in the state of equilibrium while the system is operating.

Hereinafter, a plate heat exchanger constituting each component of the system will be described.

First, as shown in FIG. 2, four outlets are formed in the heat exchange plate 13 stacked in several sheets, and the hot part inlet 14 and the hot part outlet 15 through which the hot part fluid can flow in and out are formed. ) Is formed up and down, and the cold part inlet port 16 and the cold part outlet port 17 through which the cold part fluid can flow in / out are formed up and down.

In addition, the surface of the heat exchange plate 13 is wrinkled in the form of a comb-like pattern, the side cross-section is formed by alternating the valley and the hill in the shape of a wave.

Then, when the first plate is placed so that the V portion of the comb pattern facing upwards, the next plate is placed so that the V portion faces downward, and in this way several plates 13 are alternately in close contact with each other. In this case, the mountain-shaped portions of the plate 13 adjoining back and forth are in close contact with each other, and the cross-sectional shape of the plate 13 forms a net shape.

Arrows in the drawings indicate the flow of the hot part fluid, and ⇒ the flow of the cold part fluid.

When the high-temperature fluid and the low-temperature fluid flow through the hot part inlet 14 and the cold part inlet 16 in the state configured as described above, the hot part fluid and the cold part fluid flow in the heat exchanger with the heat exchange plate 13 interposed therebetween. Since the heat exchange plates 13 are repeatedly stacked several times, each fluid flows alternately along the corresponding flow path among the flow paths formed between the respective plates 13.

That is, if the cold fluid flows between the first and second plates, the hot fluid flows between the second and third plates and the cold fluid flows again between the third and fourth plates. It is also done on plates other than.

In other words, the cold part inlet / outlet 16/17 is in communication with a flow path formed between the first plate and the second plate, and between the third plate and the fourth plate, and is in communication with the flow paths formed continuously in this order. The inlet / outlet 14/15 flows along the flow paths which are communicated in the same order between the second and third plates and between the fourth and fifth plates.

As a result, the hot fluid and the cold fluid are separated from each other and flow through the heat exchange plate 13.

At this time, since the comb pattern formed on the surface of the heat exchange plate 13 is placed opposite to one plate 13 and the other adjacent plate 13, the flow of the fluid in each flow path to make a turbulent form to improve the heat transfer performance You can do it.

In addition, each plate 13 is coupled using a brazing technique in a state where several sheets are in close contact, and each fluid flow path can also be isolated.

However, when the plate heat exchanger is adopted as the absorber, the plate heat exchanger is made for heat exchange between the two heat mediums, so that the hot chemical solution and the refrigerant vapor at a relatively low temperature are introduced into the high temperature fluid inlet like the absorber. Since the chemical solution and the refrigerant vapor are introduced into the inlet pipe before entering the plate heat exchanger, the chemical solution and the refrigerant vapor are not introduced into the uniform heat distribution in the heat exchanger, so the performance of the absorber is not properly exhibited. There was a problem that the performance of the.

The present invention has been made in view of the above point, and the refrigerant vapor inlet is formed between the medicinal solution inlet and the cooling water inlet so that the refrigerant vapor is smoothly absorbed into the medicinal solution in the plate heat exchanger, thereby improving the performance of the absorber. .

1 is a cycle configuration diagram of a general absorption air-conditioning system.

2 is a block diagram of a conventional plate heat exchanger,

(A) is a perspective view.

(B) section.

(C) part detailed view.

(D) is detailed view of part A of (d).

3 is a block diagram of an absorber plate heat exchanger according to the present invention;

(A) is a perspective view.

(B) section.

(C) part detailed view.

(D) is a detailed view of part B of (d).

(E) Detailed drawing by introduction of refrigerant vapor.

*** Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawing ***

101: plate 102: hot portion fluid inlet

103: high temperature part fluid outlet 104: low temperature part fluid inlet

105: low temperature fluid outlet 106: refrigerant steam inlet

107: introduction of the first refrigerant steam 108: introduction of the second refrigerant steam

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

3 is a block diagram of an absorber of the absorption type heating and cooling system according to the present invention, which is different from the conventional plate heat exchanger for absorber, in which a refrigerant vapor flow path is separately formed in the heat exchanger.

Hereinafter, this will be described with emphasis.

First, the configuration is a plate 101 to be stacked in multiple sheets to form a flow path of the hot portion fluid or cold portion fluid between the overlapping, and the hot portion fluid flow inlet / outlet 102 formed on the upper and lower portions of the plate 101 / 103) and between the cold side fluid inlet / outlet 104/105 and the hot side fluid inlet 102 and the cold side fluid outlet 105 (if the flow of hot side fluid and cold side fluid are in the same direction, it becomes an inlet). Refrigerant steam inlet 106 is formed.

In addition, a first refrigerant vapor introduction passage 107 and a second refrigerant vapor introduction passage 108 are formed at one side of the plurality of plate pairs forming the flow path of the high temperature part fluid, and the first refrigerant vapor introduction passage 107 is formed. Is continuously formed around the edge of the plate 101 along the surface of the plate 101 from the top of the refrigerant vapor inlet 106, the second refrigerant vapor inlet 108 is comb-shaped from the lower side of both sides of the refrigerant vapor inlet 106 The hot portion of the fluid flow path is formed.

The first and second refrigerant vapor introduction passages 107 and 108 are bent portions in the form of semicircular grooves, and communicate with the hot portion fluid flow paths.

Here, a high temperature medicinal solution flows into the high temperature part fluid inlet 102, a strong solution flows out of the high temperature part fluid outlet 103, a low temperature coolant flows into the low temperature part fluid inlet 104, and a low temperature part fluid outlet 105. ), The coolant, which has risen in temperature through heat exchange, flows out.

Arrows in the figure indicate the flow of the hot part fluid, ⇒ indicate the flow of the low temperature part fluid, and >> indicate the flow of the refrigerant vapor.

When the fluid flows into the high temperature fluid inlet 102, the refrigerant steam inlet 106, and the low temperature fluid inlet 104 in this state, the medicinal solution and the coolant flow through the same channel as the existing channel, but the refrigerant vapor is a plate. The refrigerant flows along the refrigerant vapor flow path formed at 101.

At this time, the refrigerant vapor introduction passages 107 and 108 are in communication with only the medicinal solution flow path, and the plurality of plate pair edges and the comb teeth of the refrigerant vapor introduction passages 107 and 108 form the flow path of the medicinal solution. Since it is formed in the initial inflow portion of the medicinal solution in the form of a pattern, it is continuously introduced into the medicinal solution flow path from the initial portion of the medicinal solution distribution and the side edge of the heat exchanger.

Accordingly, the refrigerant vapor flows together with the chemical solution and is absorbed by the chemical solution in the process of heat-exchanging with the cooling water flowing from the main heat exchange part of the plate heat exchanger, and then becomes a strong solution and flows out to the hot fluid outlet 103. At the same time, the coolant introduced through the low temperature fluid inlet 104 flows along the flow path formed in the opposite surface plate 101 and receives heat from the high temperature fluid and flows out through the low temperature fluid outlet 105 while the temperature is increased. .

As described above, in the present invention, by forming a separate refrigerant vapor inlet in the existing plate heat exchanger, the refrigerant vapor is absorbed in the medicinal solution continuously and uniformly throughout the plate as well as the initial distribution of the medicinal solution. The performance of the system is improved.

Claims (4)

In the absorption type air-conditioning system employing a plate heat exchanger as an absorber, The plate heat exchanger is a plate that is stacked in multiple sheets to form a flow path of the hot or cold portion fluid between the overlap; A hot part fluid inlet / outlet and a cold part fluid inlet / outlet formed on the upper and lower parts of the plate; And a refrigerant vapor inlet formed between the hot part fluid inlet and the cold part fluid outlet (or the inlet). The method of claim 1, Absorber structure of the absorption type heating and cooling system, characterized in that the refrigerant vapor introduction passage is formed on one side of the plurality of plate pairs forming the flow path of the hot portion fluid. The method of claim 2, The refrigerant vapor introduction path is a semicircular groove-shaped bent portion, the absorber structure of the absorption type heating and cooling system, characterized in that in communication with the fluid passage. The method of claim 2, The refrigerant vapor introduction passage is a first refrigerant vapor introduction passage formed continuously around the edge of the plate along the plate surface from the upper end of the refrigerant vapor inlet, An absorber structure of an absorption type heating and cooling system, comprising a second refrigerant vapor introduction passage formed from a lower side of a refrigerant vapor inlet port to a fluid flow path having a comb-tooth shape.