KR19980017007A - Gear train of 5-speed automatic transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

The oil pump is driven using the engine starting ring gear installed in the torque converter, and its power is joined to the main transmission mechanism to obtain a transmission ratio of 5 forward speed and 1 reverse speed, and reduce the overall length of the automatic transmission. It is to provide a gear train of a five-speed automatic transmission for the vehicle easy to secure the installation space of the oil pump;

A torque converter receiving torque from the engine and converting the torque; First and second shafts connected directly to an output side end of the torque converter to receive power, and to receive power from a ring gear mounted on an outer circumferential surface of the torque converter by gear transmission; The planetary composite planetary gear set and the five friction elements for controlling the four nodes of the composite planetary gear set thereof are disposed on the first axis, and are arranged on the first axis and controlled by the friction elements. A main transmission mechanism configured to selectively receive the power of the second shaft and to shift the forward five speeds and the reverse one speeds; And a longitudinal reduction mechanism configured to receive the power outputted from the main transmission mechanism through a transfer shaft to vertically reduce the speed, and a gear train of a five-speed automatic transmission for a vehicle configured to drive an oil pump with rotational power of the second shaft. To provide.

Description

Gear train of 5-speed automatic transmission

1 is a block diagram of a gear train according to the present invention.

2 is an operating table of friction elements for each shift stage to obtain a gear ratio of 5 forward speeds and 1 reverse speed of a gear train of FIG. 1.

3 is a view for explaining the operation of the present invention by lever analysis method.

The present invention relates to a gear train of a five-speed automatic transmission for a vehicle. More specifically, an oil pump is driven by using an engine starting ring gear mounted to a torque converter, and the power is joined to the main transmission mechanism to move forward 5. It is about a gear train that can achieve a transmission ratio between a speed of 1 speed and a speed of reverse.

For example, an automatic transmission for a vehicle may include a torque converter for converting torque of rotational power output from an engine, a gearbox for shifting rotational power output from the torque converter, comprising a planetary gear set and a plurality of friction elements, and the friction element. It is made to include a hydraulic control system for controlling the shift according to the driving conditions of the vehicle.

The planetary gear set embedded in the gearbox includes a sun gear, a plurality of planet gears, a planet carrier connecting these planet gears, and a ring gear to selectively operate a plurality of clutches and brakes (friction elements). By selectively fixing the gears or by acting as input elements, the required speed ratio can be achieved.

Such vehicle transmissions, as well known, suffer from poor fuel economy, power performance and drive performance if they do not fully utilize engine performance in high power engines.

Therefore, in order to fully utilize the performance of the engine in a high-power engine, a method of making the gear ratio multi-stage has been proposed.

However, in the conventional automatic transmission, since the input element is limited to any one, at least two planetary gear sets must be provided. Therefore, the manufacturing cost of the planetary gear set is greatly increased, and the internal configuration is also very complicated. Has a problem.

In addition, since the two planetary gear sets are installed and a number of friction elements that can control them are additionally arranged, the overall length of the transmission becomes very long, and an installation space of an oil pump generating hydraulic pressure to operate the automatic transmission is provided. There are a lot of difficulties in securing this.

Therefore, the present invention has been invented to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, an object of the present invention is to drive an oil pump using an engine starting ring gear mounted on a torque converter, the power of the main transmission It is to provide a gear train of a five-speed automatic transmission for a vehicle that joins the sphere to obtain a transmission ratio of five forward speeds and one reverse speed.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a gear train of a five-speed automatic transmission for a vehicle that can reduce the overall length of the automatic transmission by achieving the above object, and easy to secure the installation space of the oil pump.

In order to achieve these objects, the present invention includes a torque converter for torque conversion received power from the engine;

First and second shafts which are directly connected to an output end of the torque converter to receive power, and are configured to receive power by gear transmission from a ring gear mounted on an outer circumferential surface of the torque converter;

The planetary composite planetary gear set and the five friction elements for controlling the four nodes of the composite planetary gear set thereof are disposed on the first axis, and are arranged on the first axis and controlled by the friction elements. A main transmission mechanism configured to selectively receive the power of the second shaft and to shift the forward five speeds and the reverse one speeds;

And a longitudinal reduction mechanism configured to receive the power outputted from the main transmission mechanism through a transfer shaft to longitudinally decelerate it.

Provided is a gear train of a five-speed automatic transmission for a vehicle capable of driving an oil pump with rotational power of the second shaft.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, preferred embodiments of the present invention that can specifically realize the above object will be described in detail.

1 is a view showing the gear train of the first embodiment according to the present invention, in which power generated from the engine 2 is input to the main transmission mechanism 6 through two paths through the torque converter 4 so that the shift is performed. The rotational power is shifted is configured to drive the drive wheel through the longitudinal reduction mechanism (8) including a differential mechanism.

Torque converter (4) for converting the torque generated from the engine 2 in the above is a pump impeller (10) which is directly connected to the crank shaft of the engine (2) and rotates; A turbine runner 12 which is disposed to face the pump impeller 10 and rotates together by the jetted oil; It is provided between the pump impeller 10 and the turbine runner 12 includes a stator 14 for changing the flow of oil to increase the rotational force of the pump impeller 10.

Accordingly, when the engine rotates, the oil filled in the torque converter 4 is ejected from the pump impeller 10 and supplied to the turbine runner 12 to drive the turbine runner 12 and then flow into the stator 14. .

In addition, the oil introduced into the stator 14 changes the direction and repeats the flow of the oil into the pump impeller 10. At this time, the turbine runner shared by the stator 14 is rotated by the rotation of the stator 14. The difference between the rotational force of 12) and the rotational force of the pump impeller 10 is to be the torque conversion is made.

In addition, a ring gear 16 is disposed on the outer circumferential surface of the torque converter 4 so that the pinion 20 of the starting motor 18 is engaged therewith, and an initial starting of the engine 2 is performed by the driving force of the starting motor 18. Will be done.

In addition, a rear end of the first shaft 22 directly connected to the turbine runner 10 of the torque converter 4 has a first shaft 22 thereof and a second shaft 24 geared to the ring gear 16. The main transmission mechanism 6 which transmits power from () and performs a shift is arrange | positioned.

The main transmission mechanism 6 comprises a composite planetary gear set of the rib type and a friction element for controlling the shifting, wherein the composite planetary gear set has a first sun gear 26 of the first gear. It is integrally formed on the hollow member 28 so that it can be disposed on the shaft 22 without rotational interference.

In addition, a first pinion (aka short pinion) 30 is engaged with the first sun gear 26, and a second pinion (aka long pinion) 32 is engaged with the first pinion 30. The ring gear 34 is engaged with the outside of the second pinion 32.

In addition, the second pinion 32 is engaged with the second sun gear 36 inwardly, so that the two planetary gear sets share the second pinion 32 and the ring gear 34 to form one composite planetary gear set. Is achieved.

In this composite planetary gear set, the first and second sun gears 26 and 36 are connected to the first shaft 22 via the first and second friction elements C1 and C2, respectively, and the first sun gear ( The other side of 26 is connected to the second shaft power input gear 38 via a third friction element C3 which intercepts the power input from the second shaft 24.

Accordingly, the rotational power is input to the composite planetary gear set according to the operation control of the first, second and third friction elements C1, C2 and C3.

The planet carrier 40 supporting the first and second pinions 30 and 32 is connected to the transmission housing 42 via a fourth friction element B1 to operate the fourth friction element B1. Depending on whether the planet carrier 40 is to act as an optional reaction element.

In addition, the connecting member 44 connecting the second friction element C1 and the second sun gear 36 is connected to the transmission housing 42 by opening the fifth friction element B2 to form a fifth friction element ( The second sun gear 36 operates as an optional reaction force element depending on whether B2) is operated.

In the above, the first, second and third friction elements C1, C2 and C3 may be a multi-plate clutch as a clutch means, and the fourth and fifth friction elements B1 and B2 may be a band clutch as a brake means. Can be.

The second shaft 24, which transmits power to the second shaft power input gear 38, is equipped with an oil pump 46 at its middle to generate hydraulic pressure used to operate the torque converter 4 and the friction elements. At both ends, the gears 48 and 50 are mounted so that the front gear 48 meshes with the ring gear 16 of the torque converter 4, and the rear gear 50 has a second shaft power input gear ( 38), the second axis 24 of which rotates in the opposite direction to the first axis (22).

In addition, the longitudinal reduction mechanism 8 which receives the power shifted from the main transmission mechanism 6 and finally decelerates is connected via a transfer shaft 52 between the ring gear 34 and a ring gear thereof. A gear 56 engaged with the gear 54 formed on the outer circumference of the 34 and a gear 60 engaged with the ring gear 58 of the longitudinal reduction mechanism 8;

And the longitudinal reduction mechanism 8 comprises a differential mechanism 62, the differential mechanism 62 is a condition of the rotational power input from the ring gear 58 according to the load applied to both drive wheels 64 It will distribute the power appropriate to.

As described above, the gear train of the present invention is shifted while the friction element is operated as in the friction element operation table of FIG. 2, and the shifting process is explained by looking at the operation element table and the lever analysis table of FIG. 3. .

First, in order to analyze the composite planetary gear set of the lever type in the lever method, the first node N1 on the lever L is the second sun gear 36, and the second node N2 is the planet carrier 40, It is assumed that the three nodes N3 are set as the ring gear 34 and the fourth node N4 is set as the first sun gear 26.

In consideration of this point, the operation process of the forward 1 speed is described. In the first speed, the first and fourth friction elements C1 and B1 are operated and controlled.

Then, the rotational power of the engine 2 is output through the first shaft 22 and the second shaft 24, wherein the first friction element C1 is activated to rotate the rotational power of the first shaft 22. It is input to the sun gear 26, the fourth friction element (B1) is operated to the planetary carrier 40 is a reaction force element, the first shift is made to the output through the ring gear (54).

At this time, the rotational power input to the second shaft 24 only drives the oil pump 46 because the third friction element C3 does not operate.

Referring to FIG. 3, the shift process is performed by a first carrier speed line S1 input to a fourth node N4, which is a first sun gear 26, and a planet carrier 40 acting as a reaction element. A line connecting the straight line L1 connecting the two nodes N2 to the third node N3 which is the output element most closely becomes the output speed line D1 of the first speed.

That is, it can be seen that the output rotation speed becomes much smaller than the input rotation speed, so that the deceleration is performed at the first speed ratio.

When the shift is made to the second speed in the state of the first speed as described above, the operation of the first friction element C1 is released in the first speed state thereof, and the third friction element C3 is operated and controlled.

Then, the main transmission mechanism 6 is input through the second shaft 24 by the operation of the third friction element C3 to the first sun gear 26 and the fourth friction element B1 is operated to operate the planet carrier. As the 40 becomes a reaction force element, the second speed shift is made and output through the ring gear 34.

At this time, the rotational power output to the first shaft 22 does not have any effect on the shifting process of the main transmission mechanism 6 since the first friction element C1 is not operated. And the reaction force elements may be the same, and thus may have the same speed ratio. However, since the second shaft 24 receives power from the ring gear 16 formed at the outer diameter of the torque converter 4, the second shaft This is because the 24 is input while rotating at a higher speed than the first axis 22.

As shown in FIG. 3, the shifting process visually shows that the first input gear S1 and the second input speed line S2 are input to the fourth node N4 as the first sun gear 26. In this state, the line connecting the straight line L2 connecting the second node N2, which is the planetary carrier 40, which acts as the reaction force element, to the third node N3, which is the output element, is closest to the second output speed line. (D2).

In other words, this allows the input of the second speed to be made larger in the first speed state.

When the shift is made to the third speed in the state of the second speed as described above, the first friction element C1 and the fifth friction element B2 are operated.

Then, the rotational power of the engine 2 is input to the first sun gear 26 through the first shaft 22 by the operation of the first friction element C1, and the fifth friction element B2 is activated to operate the second sun gear. (36) As the reaction force element, the third speed shift is made and output through the ring gear 54.

At this time, the rotational power input to the second shaft 24 only drives the oil pump 46 because the third friction element C3 does not operate.

Looking at the third speed shift process while visually looking at the third diagram, the first input speed line S1 input to the fourth node N4, which is the first sun gear 26, and the second sun gear acting as a reaction element. A line connecting the straight line L3 connecting the first node N1, which is 36, to the third node N3, which is the output element, is the output speed line D3 of the third speed.

When the shift is made to the fourth speed in the third speed state as described above, the operation of the first friction element C1 is released in the third speed state, and the third friction element C3 is operated and controlled.

Then, the main transmission mechanism 6 is input through the second shaft 24 by the operation of the third friction element C3 to be input to the first sun gear 26, and the fifth friction element B2 is operated. As the second sun gear 36 becomes a reaction force element, a third speed shift is made and output through the ring gear 34.

Referring to FIG. 3, the shifting process of the fourth speed is visually performed by combining the first input speed line S1 and the second input speed line S2 with the fourth node N4, which is the first sun gear 26. The line connecting the straight line L4 connecting the first node N1, which is the second sun gear 36, which acts as a reaction force element in the state where the input is made, is closest to the third node N3, which is the output element. It becomes the fourth speed output speed line D4.

When the shift is made to the fifth speed in the state of the fourth speed as described above, the operation of the third and fifth friction elements C3 and B2 operated at the fourth speed is released, and the first and second friction elements C1 are performed. (C2) to control operation.

Then, the rotational power of the first shaft 22 is simultaneously input through the first and second sun gears 26 and 36, and the planetary gear set is directly locked while being locked so that the fifth speed is shifted. .

Looking at the fifth shifting process visually in FIG. 3, the first input speed line S1 and the second sun gear acting as another input element as the fourth node N4 as the first sun gear 26. A line connecting the straight line L5 connecting the input speed line S3 of the first node N1 which is 36 to the third node N3 which is the output element is the output speed line D5 of the fifth speed. It will be.

As described above, the process of shifting at the fifth forward speed has the same operating element at the first speed, the second speed, the third speed, and the fourth speed, but at the first speed and the third speed, The rotational power is input, and in the second and fourth speeds, the rotational power of the second shaft 24, which is faster than the first shaft 22, is input, and the shift speed can be made up to 5 forward speeds.

In the reverse direction, the second friction element C2 and the fourth friction element B1 are operatively controlled so that the rotational power of the first shaft 22 is input to the second sun gear 36, and the fourth friction element B1 In operation, the planetary carrier 40 acts as a reaction force element, so that the reverse shift is made.

That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the third input speed line S3 of the first node N1, which is the second sun gear 36, and the second node N2, which is the planet carrier 40 acting as a reaction force element. The line connecting the straight line (L5) connecting the closest to the third node (N3) as the output element is the reverse output speed line (R).

Since the reverse output speed line (R) is located below the lever (L), it can be clearly seen that the reverse is made.

The rotational power that is shifted in the above process is to input the transfer shaft 52 to the longitudinal deceleration mechanism 8 to make the driving wheel 64 through the differential mechanism 62 to enable the vehicle to travel before and after. .

As described above, according to the present invention, the oil pump is driven by using an engine starting ring gear mounted to the torque converter, and the power is joined to the main transmission mechanism so that a transmission ratio of 5 forward speed and 1 reverse speed can be obtained. Will be.

In addition, by using one planetary gear set, a transmission ratio of 5 forward speeds and 1 reverse speed can be obtained, so that the overall length of the automatic transmission can be significantly reduced than that of a conventional automatic transmission using at least two planetary gear sets.

In addition, since the oil pump is driven by another shaft, there is an advantage that there is no great difficulty in securing its installation space.

Claims (4)

A torque converter receiving torque from the engine and converting the torque; First and second shafts directly connected to an output side end of the torque converter to receive power, and to receive power from a ring gear mounted on an outer circumference of the torque converter by gear transmission; The planetary composite planetary gear set and the five friction elements for controlling the four nodes of the composite planetary gear set thereof are disposed on the first axis, and are arranged on the first axis and controlled by the friction elements. A main transmission mechanism configured to selectively receive the power of the second shaft and to shift the forward five speeds and the reverse one speeds; And a longitudinal reduction mechanism configured to receive the power outputted from the main transmission mechanism through a transfer shaft to longitudinally decelerate it. Gear train of a five-speed automatic transmission for a vehicle to drive the oil pump by the rotational power of the second shaft. 2. The main transmission mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the main transmission mechanism comprises: a first sun gear integrally formed on the hollow member to be disposed on the first axis without rotation interference; a first pinion engaged with the outside of the first sun gear; A compound planetary gear set including a second pinion engaged with the first pinion and being engaged with the second sun gear, and a ring gear engaged with the outside of the second pinion; First and second friction elements for respectively intermitting input of power of a first shaft to the first and second sun gears; A third friction element for regulating the input of power of a second shaft to the first sun gear; Connecting the planetary carrier supporting the first and second pinions and the connecting member connecting the second friction element and the second sun gear to the transmission housing, respectively, the fourth and fifth friction elements allowing them to act as reaction elements. Gear train of 5 speed automatic transmission for vehicles. The vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first, second and third friction elements use the multi-plate clutch as the clutch means, and the fourth and fifth friction elements use the band clutch as the brake means. Gear train of the transmission. According to claim 1, wherein the second shaft is equipped with an oil pump in the middle portion, the gears are mounted on both ends thereof, the front gear is engaged with the ring gear of the torque converter, the rear gear is meshed with the second shaft input gear. Gear train of 5 speed automatic transmission for vehicle.