KR0162796B1 - The gear train of a 4-speed automatic transmission for a vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a gear train of a 4th-speed automatic transmission for a vehicle, which is capable of designing an automatic transmission having a very short overall length by applying a compound planetary gear set to be combined in a radial direction. The second simple planetary gear set is surrounded by the ring gear of the first simple planetary gear set so that the ring gear of the first simple planetary gear set can act as the sun gear of the second simple planetary gear set, By interconnecting the planetary carrier of the gear set and the ring gear of the second simple planetary gear set, there are four operating elements, with at least two elements at each gear of the operating elements being selected as the input element and the reaction element A compound planetary gear set capable of obtaining a fourth speed forward and a reverse speed range by complementary action; Gear transmission means interposed between the three elements of the complex planetary gear set and the input shaft to transmit power; Clutch means operable to selectively cause the sun gear, planet carrier, ring gear of the first simple planetary gear set and ring gear of the second simple planetary gear set to be optional input elements; Brake means for operating the sun gear and the ring gear of the first simple planetary gear set and the ring gear of the second simple planetary gear set, respectively, to act as reaction force elements; Speed automatic transmission according to the present invention.

Description

Gear trains for 4-speed automatic transmissions for vehicles

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a gear train according to the present invention. FIG.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the operational explanation of the present invention with a lever analysis method; FIG.

3 is an operation table of the frictional element for each shift stage for obtaining the gear ratios of the fourth forward gear and the reverse reverse gear of the second gear train.

[0001] The present invention relates to a gear train of a 4-speed automatic transmission for a vehicle, and more particularly, it is possible to design an automatic transmission having a very short overall length by applying a compound planetary gear set to be combined in a radial direction, The present invention relates to a gear train of a four-speed automatic transmission for a vehicle.

BACKGROUND ART [0002] In general, a vehicular automatic transmission includes a transmission control unit that automatically controls a transmission ratio according to a running speed of a vehicle and a variation in load.

The transmission control unit controls any one of the three elements (sun gear, ring gear, and planetary carrier) of the planetary gear set as an input element by controlling a plurality of friction elements provided on the gear train to be in an operating or non-operating state, Is selected as a reaction force element to adjust the output stage revolution speed.

A compound planetary gear device used in such an automatic transmission for a vehicle includes a rabbit type, a simpson type, and a two-type planetary gear type.

In addition, the above-described complex planetary gear device may have a structure in which the planetary carriers are connected to each other so as to be used as a transmission means of a vehicle, or may have a structure in which the planetary carrier and the ring gear are directly connected with each other, A structure in which gears are directly coupled to each other, that is, a structure in which two planetary gear sets are axially connected.

Accordingly, since the length in the axial direction becomes long and the total length of the transmission becomes long, particularly in the case of the transverse front wheel drive type automatic transmission, it is very disadvantageous in terms of the mounting performance, and therefore much effort is required to shorten the overall length of the transmission.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a planetary gear set capable of designing an automatic transmission having a very short total length, The present invention provides a gear train of a four-speed automatic transmission for a vehicle.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is characterized in that a second simple planetary gear set is surrounded on the outside of the ring gear of the first simple planetary gear set so that the ring gear of the first simple planetary gear set is engaged with the sun gear of the second simple planetary gear set Wherein the first simple planetary gear set has four working elements by interconnecting the planetary carrier of the first simple planetary gear set and the ring gear of the second simple planetary gear set so that at least two elements A planetary gear set capable of obtaining forward speeds of forward and reverse speeds by complementary action of the input element and the reaction element; A gear transmission means interposed between the two elements of the complex planetary gear set and the input shaft to transmit power; Clutch means operable to selectively cause the sun gear, planet carrier, ring gear of the first simple planetary gear set and ring gear of the second simple planetary gear set to be optional input elements; Brake means for operating the sun gear and the ring gear of the first simple planetary gear set and the ring gear of the second simple planetary gear set, respectively, to act as reaction force elements; Speed automatic transmission according to the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a gear train of an embodiment according to the present invention. The power generated from the engine 2 is torque-converted through the torque converter 4 and input to the complex planetary gear set 6, do.

At this time, the compound planetary gear set 6 is input to at least one element by the selective operation of the clutch means comprising a plurality of clutches 8, 10, 12, and a plurality of brakes 14 ), At least one element acts as a reaction force element in all the operation regions except for the third forward speed, so that the shifting is performed.

The torque converter 4 for converting the torque generated from the engine 2 in this case includes a pump impeller 18 rotating directly on the crankshaft of the engine 2; A turbine runner 20 disposed opposite to the pump impeller 18 and rotating together with the oil to be jetted; And a stator 22 disposed between the pump impeller 18 and the turbine runner 20 to change the flow of the oil to increase the rotational force of the pump impeller 18.

Accordingly, when the engine rotates, the oil filled in the torque converter 4 is spouted from the pump impeller 18 and supplied to the turbine runner 20 to drive the turbine runner 20 and then flow into the stator 22 .

The oil introduced into the stator 22 is changed in direction and then flows into the pump impeller 18 again. At this time, the turbine runner (stator) 22, which is shared by the stator 22 by the rotation of the stator 22 20 and the rotational force of the pump impeller 18, so that torque conversion is performed.

The complex planetary gear set 6 that receives power from the torque converter 4 is connected to a turbine runner 20 of the torque converter 4 via a second shaft (Not shown).

The complex planetary gear set 6 consists of a first and a second simple planetary gear set 28 and 30 which are combined in the radial direction and which are arranged outside the ring gear 32 of the first simple planetary gear set 28 Another second simple planetary gear set 30 is enclosed so that the ring gear 32 of the first simple planetary gear set 28 can also act as the sun gear of the second simple planetary gear set 30.

The planetary carrier 34 of the first and second simple planetary gear sets 28 and 30 and the ring gear 36 are connected to connect the sun gear 38 of the first simple planetary gear set 28 and the ring gear 32 ) And the planetary carrier 40 of the second simple planetary gear set 30 to have four operating elements.

And the ring gear 32 of the first simple planetary gear set 28 and the ring gear 32 of the first simple planetary gear set 28 and the planetary carrier 34 of the first simple planetary gear set 28 and the ring of the second simple planetary gear set 30, The gear 36 is connected to the input shaft 24 and the gears 42 and 44 so that power transmission is performed. This is to improve the fabrication and assembling performance in the structure of the clutch hook of the present invention, And is configured to transmit power in a gear mode.

The first clutch 8 serving as the clutch means for transmitting the power of the engine B to the compound planetary gear set 6 is connected to the ring gear 32 of the first simple planetary gear set 28, The second clutch 10 is interposed between the shaft 26 and the input shaft 24 and the second clutch 10 is interposed between the planetary carrier 34 of the first simple planetary gear set 28 and the ring gear of the second simple planetary gear set 30 36 and the input shaft 24 and the third clutch 12 is interposed between the sun gear 38 of the first simple planetary gear set 28 and the input shaft 24.

Whereby the selective actuation of the clutches 8, 10 and 12 causes the elements 32, 34, 36 and 38 connected thereto to be selectively or simultaneously operated as input elements will be.

The first brake 14 forming the brake means is interposed between the ring gear 36 of the second simple planetary gear set 30 and the transmission housing 46 and the second brake 16 is interposed between the ring gear 36 of the second simple planetary gear set 30 and the first simple planetary gear set 30, The planetary carrier 40 of the second simple planetary gear set 30 is disposed between the sun gear 38 of the gear set 28 and the transmission housing 40 so that the elements can act as selective reaction elements, An output gear 48 is mounted at the distal end to act as an output element.

The first, second, and third clutches 8, 10, 12 forming the clutch means described above can use a multi-plate clutch, and the first and second brakes 14, 16, which form the brake means, Band brakes can be used.

In the gear train of the present invention as described above, the shifting operation is performed while the friction elements are operated as shown in the friction element operation table of FIG. 2. The gear shifting process will be described while viewing the operation element table and the lever interpretation table of FIG. 3 .

The first node N1 on the lever L is connected to the sun gear 38 of the first simple planetary gear set 28 and the second node N2 of the first simple planetary gear set 28 is connected to the first The planetary carrier 34 of the simple planetary gear set 28 and the ring gear 46 of the second planetary gear set 30 and the third node N3 are connected to the planetary carrier 40 of the second simple planetary gear set 30 , And the fourth node N4 is set to the ring gear 32 of the first simple planetary gear set 28. [

The elements for the node are set by a combination of a complex planetary gear set, and the related art is known, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

Taking this into consideration, the operation of the forward first speed will be described. In the first speed, the first clutch 8 and the first brake 14 are controlled in operation.

Then the power of the input shaft 24 rotated by the engine 2 is transmitted to the ring gear 32 of the first simple planetary gear set 28 by the operation of the first clutch 8 as an input element, The operation of the first brake 14 allows the first planetary gear set 28 and the planetary carrier 34 and the ring gear 36 of the first and second simple planetary gear sets 28 and 30 to act as reaction elements, The output is made through the planetary carrier 40 of the second simple planetary gear set 30,

3, a straight line L1 connecting the first input speed line S1 input to the fourth node N4 and the second node N2 acting as a reaction force element, Is closest to the third node (N3), which is an output element, becomes the first-speed output speed line (D1).

That is, it can be seen that the output rotation speed becomes much smaller than the input rotation speed, so that the deceleration is performed at the speed ratio of the first speed.

When the vehicle speed and the throttle opening degree increase in the first-speed state as described above, the operation of the first brake 14 is released and the second brake 16 is operated in the trans control unit.

The operation of the second brake 16 in the state of the input such as the first speed causes the reaction force element to be made of the sun gear 38 of the first simple planetary gear set 28,

Referring to FIG. 3, the second input speed line S 1 of the fourth node N 4 is connected to the first node N 1 acting as a reaction force element, Is closest to the third node N3, which is an output element, becomes the output speed line D2 of the second speed, so that the output is performed at a faster speed than the first speed.

When the vehicle speed and the throttle opening degree increase in the state of the second speed as described above, the transmission control unit releases the operation of the second brake 16 and operates the second clutch 10.

Since the second input is performed in accordance with the operation of the second clutch 10 in the state of the input of the second speed and the input of the second input is provided by the two input elements, .

Referring to FIG. 3, the third input speed line S1 is input to the fourth node N4. The second input speed line S1 is input to the second node N2, The line connecting the straight line L3 connecting the two input speed lines S2 to the second node N2 closest to the output element is the third output speed line D3.

When the vehicle speed and throttle opening degree further increase in the state of the third speed as described above, the transmission control unit releases the operation of the first clutch 8 which was operating in the third speed and the second brake 16 to the operation control .

Then, the first input is released, and the operation of the second brake 16 causes the sun gear 38 of the first simple planetary gear set 28 to act as a reaction force element, thereby shifting the fourth speed.

The shift speed of the fourth speed is visually viewed from the third view. A straight line L4 connecting the second input speed line S2 of the second node N2 and the first node N1 acting as a reaction force element ) To the third node (N3) as the output element becomes the fourth-speed output speed line (D4).

That is, the fourth speed is in the overdrive state in which the output is faster than the input speed.

When the driver turns the selector lever to the reverse range R for backward movement, the transmission control unit controls the operation of the third clutch 12 and the first brake 14. [

Then, the operation of the third clutch 12 causes the input via the sun gear 38 of the first simple planetary gear set 28, and at the same time, by the operation of the first brake 14, The planetary carrier 34 and the ring gear 36 of the sets 28 and 30 act as a reaction force element so that a backward shift is made and the planetary carrier 40 of the second simple planetary gear set 30, Output is performed.

3, the straight line L5 connecting the third input speed line S3 of the first node N1 and the second node N2 acting as the reaction force element is referred to as the third The line closest to the node N3 becomes the reverse output speed line R. [

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to design an automatic transmission having a very short total length by applying a compound planetary gear set that is combined in the radial direction, and thus it is very easy to apply to a transversal front wheel drive vehicle

Claims (5)

The second simple planetary gear set is surrounded by the ring gear of the first simple planetary gear set so that the ring gear of the first simple planetary gear set can act as the sun gear of the second simple planetary gear set, By interconnecting the planetary carrier of the gear set and the ring gear of the second simple planetary gear set, there are four operating elements, with at least two elements at each gear of the operating elements being selected as the input element and the reaction element A compound planetary gear set capable of obtaining a fourth speed forward and a reverse speed range by complementary action; A gear transmission means interposed between the two elements of the complex planetary gear set and the input shaft to transmit power; Clutch means operable to selectively cause the sun gear, planet carrier, ring gear of the first simple planetary gear set and ring gear of the second simple planetary gear set to be optional input elements; Brake means for operating the sun gear and the ring gear of the first simple planetary gear set and the ring gear of the second simple planetary gear set, respectively, to act as reaction force elements; And a gear train of a four-speed automatic transmission for a vehicle. The planetary gear set according to claim 1, wherein the gear transmission means comprises: a first gear interposed between the input shaft and the sun gear and the ring gear of the first simple planetary gear set; A second gear interposed between the input shaft and the sun gear of the first and second simple planetary gear sets and the ring gear; And the gear train of the four-speed automatic transmission for a vehicle. 2. The planetary gear set according to claim 1, wherein the clutch means for transmitting the power of the engine to the complex planetary gear set comprises: a first clutch interposed between the planetary carrier of the first simple planetary gear set and the input shaft; A ring gear of a planetary carrier of a first simple planetary gear set and a ring gear of a second simple planetary gear set, and a second clutch interposed between the input shaft and the planetary gear set; A third clutch interposed between the input shaft and the sun gear of the first simple planetary gear set; And the gear train of the four-speed automatic transmission for a vehicle. 2. The transmission according to claim 1, wherein the brake means comprises: a first brake interposed between the ring gear of the second simple planetary gear set and the transmission housing; A second brake interposed between the sun gear of the first simple planetary gear set and the transmission housing; And a gear train of the fourth-speed automatic transmission for a vehicle. A gear train of a four-speed automatic transmission for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein a multi-plate clutch is used for the clutch forming the clutch means, and a band brake is used for the brake for forming the brake means.