KR102603083B1 - Method for greening of wall surface using soil foam - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method of greening walls by planting plants on indoor and outdoor walls.
In the present invention, 350 to 380 parts by weight of water and 0.7 to 1.0 parts by weight of a hardener are mixed and stirred, 100 to 110 parts by weight of top soil and 100 parts by weight of liquid polyurethane are added and stirred, and the resulting composition is injected into a mold to foam and harden. forming a unit planting module, planting plants on the unit planting module form, mounting the planted unit planting module on a planting module mounting panel, and attaching the planting module mounting panel to the planting module mounting panel. It includes the step of fixing the recording target to the wall on which the fixing net is installed.
The present invention uses a porous foam planting module containing topsoil for plant growth, making planting and construction simple, and stably growing plants over a long period of time with minimal management.

Description

Wall greening method using foamed artificial soil {METHOD FOR GREENING OF WALL SURFACE USING SOIL FOAM}

The present invention relates to a method of greening walls by planting plants on indoor and outdoor walls. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method of greening walls by planting plants on them, and more specifically, by using a porous foam artificial soil planting module containing topsoil for plant growth, planting and construction are simple and minimal. This is about a wall greening method using foamed artificial soil that allows long-term plant growth with only proper management.

In recent urban residential and street environments, green space is relatively decreasing as the area occupied by concrete apartments, roads, and barriers increases compared to before.

Accordingly, when constructing various buildings or facilities made of walls, the general tendency is to avoid the monotony of the appearance as much as possible, and to construct exterior walls by initially painting them or adding various exterior materials rather than exposing the concrete walls as is. .

Meanwhile, in addition to improving visual aesthetics through surface painting, exterior decoration, or decoration of concrete walls as described above, a so-called wall greening system that records indoor or outdoor walls using plants in a growing state has recently been used. The trend of greening walls has been spreading rapidly in recent years.

The wall greening system starts with hanging pots with plants, which are usually placed on the floor, on the wall, and then installs a pot holder or frame of a size that covers the wall surface to be recorded, so that the pots and pots can be placed on the wall. This was implemented by installing flower pots so that the wall surface could be shaded by the plants planted in it.

Recently, a new wall recording method has emerged that adds various technologies to the initial wall recording method described above. Representative previously registered patents related to such recent wall recording methods are as follows.

First, in Registered Patent No. 10-1878612, a downwardly sloping mount having a mounting hole for mounting a plurality of flower pots is formed in multiple stages on the front of a vertically standing movable wall-type main body, and the multi-stage mount at the bottom is mounted on the top of the main body. An atomization supply unit is installed to supply nutrients in the form of a spray to a flower pot installed in the hole, and a wall greening cultivation device is disclosed, which consists of a pump for supplying water to the atomization supply unit at the lower part of the main body.

In addition, in Registered Patent No. 10-2268649, a planter with vegetation space is installed in upper and lower stages between supports erected vertically on both sides at intervals, and each planter stage is equipped with a pot in which plants are planted. A sponge containing moisture of a porous material located between the mounting unit is filled, and the moisture supplied to the porous material through the water supply unit is configured to be delivered to the roots of the plant through the opening of the vegetation port, and the porous material forming unit. An exterior wall greening system using a planter, which is installed with a heater to maintain the temperature necessary for plant growth even in the cold winter, is being launched.

In addition, in Registered Patent No. 10-1983016, soil and fertilizer for plant growth are filled inside with a support frame fixed to the wall to be greened, and plants for greening are planted through planting holes provided in multiple locations on the front surface. An eco-bag wall greening system that has a fine dust reduction function and is recyclable by installing a grow bag in front of the support frame has been disclosed.

In the above patent, the growbag is made of a fiber material that prevents soil loss and allows drainage, and is equipped with a zipper at the top to allow soil and fertilizer to be selectively added inside, while the growbag itself is detachable from the support frame. This is possible because it is attached to the wall with Velcro and is equipped with an automatic irrigation and rainwater utilization system, making it possible to install an automated irrigation system. When replacement of a certain area of the green wall or a specific grow bag is required, not only the unit module can be replaced. It is revealed that existing plants can be easily replaced with new plants.

Although the wall greening system disclosed in the above-mentioned previously registered patent inventions is significantly improved or improved compared to the method of simply placing flower pots on the wall in the initial stage, it provides greening walls, including convenience of construction and reduction of management burden. There is still room for improvement in aspects such as various productions.

The present invention was created in consideration of the problems pointed out or required for improvement in the related industry while retaining the advantages that have been improved or improved in the process of developing the conventional wall greening method to the present. A porous artificial soil planting module that allows plants to be planted in a porous foam module that contains the top soil for growth, allowing for easy greening on the wall and enabling long-term plant growth with minimal maintenance. The purpose of the invention is to provide a wall recording method using the present invention.

Another object of the present invention is to foam and mold the top soil for plant growth and liquid polyurethane with water, so that the top soil particles in the foam are surrounded and fixed in a partially exposed state by the surrounding polyurethane resin, while voids ( Due to the characteristics of the foam with continuous open pores, the growth, irrigation, and drainage of plant roots within the module tissue are facilitated, while providing a wall greening method using foamed artificial soil that does not emit muddy water.

The above object of the present invention is to form a planting module by foaming and molding a foamed artificial soil planting module using polyurethane, planting a parasitic plant in a planting hole of the unit planting module, and planting the planted unit. This is achieved by a wall greening method using foamed artificial soil, which consists of fixing the planting module to a module foam mounting panel equipped with a fixing piece, and fixing the planted module foam mounting panel to a wall on which a mounting panel fixing net is installed. .

In the foam molding step of the foamed artificial soil, 350 to 380 parts by weight of water and 0.7 to 1.0 parts by weight of the curing agent are mixed and stirred, and 100 to 110 parts by weight of top soil and 100 parts by weight of liquid polyurethane are added and stirred to obtain a composition obtained by predetermined amount. It consists of injecting into a mold having the shape of and allowing foaming and hardening to occur. There are no particular restrictions on the ingredients or properties of the topsoil in the foaming composition, and most topsoils currently available on the market can be used as raw topsoil.

At this time, the composition before foaming is preferably stirred for about 10 seconds, and the elapsed time from when the stirred composition is injected into the mold to foaming and curing takes approximately 5 minutes.

The molded foam can be molded into the shape of a unit planting module in the foaming step, but it is more economical to mold the molded foam into a long rectangular or bar-shaped molded foam of approximately square cross-section with an inclined front face and then cut into a plurality of unit planting modules. .

The planting module of the present invention obtained through the above foam molding process is porous, and the topsoil particles are uniformly dispersed inside the polyurethane foam medium to form an integrated structure.

At this time, the size of the pores of the planting module is 0.01 to 0.1 mm, the density when air-dried is 0.15 to 0.25 g/cm3, and the volume ratio occupied by the pores in the total volume is 70 to 85%. In other words, in the present invention, the content range of water, curing agent, liquid polyurethane, and top soil, which are the components of the foam composition, is a range set to exhibit the physical characteristics of the planting module as described above.

The pore size of the planting module of the present invention is 0.01 to 0.1 mm. If it is less than 0.01 mm, it is difficult to smoothly water and drain the foam. Conversely, if the pore size exceeds 0.1 mm, the water irrigated may remain in the planting module. The problem of it not softening and immediately flowing down and being discharged follows.

In particular, the planting module according to the present invention allows the roots of planted plants to spread out without obstruction as the pores are connected to each other, and the entire outer peripheral surface of the topsoil particles contained in the polyurethane foam artificial soil is not completely wrapped. It is partially exposed on the pore passage and comes into direct contact with the plant roots.

In addition, in the planting module of the present invention, the topsoil particles contained in the foam are surrounded by polyurethane and restrained in a state in which movement is suppressed, so that the topsoil does not flow down together when the irrigation water is drained, thereby eliminating drainage of muddy water.

In other words, in the case of the wall greening method using the grow bag containing the soil of Registered Patent No. 10-1983016 as mentioned above, it is difficult to avoid sagging of the soil contained in the grow bag and drainage of muddy water during the action of gravity and the irrigation process. There is a problem that it is almost impossible, but in the planting module according to the present invention, the topsoil particles in the foam are fixed while maintaining their original position regardless of watering and drainage over time, so the conventional growback recording of the patent The same problems as in the method were not found.

Next, the air-dried density of the planting module according to the present invention is preferably 0.15 to 0.25 g/cm3. When the density is within this range, it is possible to maintain its own shape while maintaining the elasticity of the foam, and its own weight is reduced, so that it can be used on the wall surface. The advantages of convenience and lightweight construction can be maintained during the greening construction process.

In addition, the volume ratio of 70 to 85% of the total volume of the planting module foam according to the present invention is highly correlated with the size and density of the pores as seen above, and when it is within the above range, it is effective in terms of irrigation and drainage efficiency. In addition to being desirable, it has been observed to be advantageous in terms of lightening the foam and expanding the roots of planted plants.

In addition, due to the fact that the planting module according to the present invention is porous with a high porosity as described above, it can retain a lot of irrigated water, and the amount of evaporation of the retained water is high, so it exerts an excellent function in controlling indoor humidity. .

Meanwhile, the unit planting module is made of a lightweight, porous, elastic material and has a roughly hexahedral shape, but is preferably configured to have an inclined surface protruding forward on the front, and a planting hole is formed in the center of the inclined surface so that plants can be planted. do. At this time, the diameter and depth of the planting hole are made slightly smaller than the nursery container in which the roots were contained before transplanting the plant to be planted, so that the planted plant is firmly supported or fixed by utilizing the elasticity characteristics of the foam itself. do.

The unit planting module in which plants are planted through the planting holes is fixed on a module foam mounting panel equipped with a plurality of fixtures. The module form mounting panel has fixing pieces extending vertically from the base to maintain the fixed state while elastically compressing the four corners of the hexahedral-shaped unit planting module fixed thereto. In this case, a plurality of the fixing pieces are formed in a grid. Thus, multiple unit planting modules are mounted on one module foam mounting panel. The size of the planting module mounting panel, that is, the allowable number of unit planting modules within the mounting panel, is not particularly limited.

When installing a unit planting module by inserting it into the space surrounded by the fixing piece formed on the module form mounting panel, hold the unit planting module with your hand, press the corner to shrink it, and push it inside the fixing piece with your hand. When the is removed, even if no additional fixing means are used, the pressed foam is restored to its original state and stable elastic support is achieved while being pressed against the fixing piece.

When the installation of the unit planting module on the planting module mounting plate is completed, adjacent unit planting modules are in surface contact with each other without a gap, and the unit planting modules form a kind of single hair growth plate over the entire area of the mounting panel, thereby The roots of plants planted in one unit planting module form may extend to adjacent unit planting modules over time.

Meanwhile, when mounting the unit planting module planted on the planting module mounting panel as described above, the shape, size and color of the leaves of the plant are taken into consideration and planting is performed on the unit planting module, and the unit planting module mounted on the mounting panel is also considered. By selecting the location appropriately, it is possible to produce a variety of high-quality wall greening effects.

The planted planting module mounting panel is installed on the wall to be recorded. To install the mounting panel, the outer frame is fixed to the target wall in advance, and a fixing net is installed on the frame to attach the planting module mounting panel to the fixing net. This ensures that fixation is achieved.

At this time, the recording target wall may be the wall of an indoor movable installation or the wall of a building, and may also include the exterior wall of a building, the walls of various facilities, etc. In particular, if you want to green the exterior wall of a facility with a large area using the method of the present invention, you only need to increase the installation area of the fixing net installed on the target wall and fix the module foam mounting panel planted on it. The method of the invention is particularly advantageous for greening exterior walls of large areas.

Of course, the green wall according to the present invention can be equipped with an irrigation device using a pump as used in the conventional green wall system.

In the wall greening method of the present invention, plants are planted in porous planting modules containing topsoil for plant growth, so irrigation and drainage are smooth, long-term plant growth is possible without separate supply of nutrients, and nutrient solution is provided. This has the advantage of being able to promote plant growth almost permanently.

In addition, the topsoil particles in the planting module according to the present invention are partially exposed by the polyurethane resin around them and are surrounded and fixed with flexible polyurethane, while due to the characteristics of the foam with continuous open pores, they can be inserted into or within the module tissue. It has the advantage of activating the growth of plant roots to adjacent modules while preventing muddy water from coming out when draining.

In addition, in the method of the present invention, in the process of planting specific plants on each unit planting module and combining and mounting the planted unit planting modules on the planting module mounting panel, the green wall is maintained through the selection and appropriate placement of the planted plants. Various changes and elegant presentations can be made, and only some unit planting modules can be easily replaced if necessary after construction.

1 is a process diagram for the method of the present invention
Figure 2 is a photograph of a unit planting module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a front photo of the planting module mounting panel on which the unit planting module of Figure 2 is mounted.
Figure 4 is a rear view of the mounting panel of Figure 3
Figure 5 is a photograph of a green wall constructed according to the method of the present invention.

The detailed process for wall greening construction, including the constituent materials used to implement the above object of the present invention and the method of the present invention, will be explained in detail by the examples below. The embodiment described herein shows an exemplary method according to the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the described embodiment and can be constructed or implemented in various changes within the technical scope of the present invention. will be.

First, Figure 1 is a step-by-step process diagram for the method of the present invention, and the following description will be made in accordance with the step-by-step process sequence shown in the process diagram of Figure 1. Since the matters shown in the process chart of Figure 1 have already been mentioned in the previous paragraph, further description thereof will be omitted and an embodiment of the method of the present invention will be described immediately.

As a first step, to form a unit planting module, 0.8 parts by weight of a hardener was added to 360 parts by weight of water and stirred for 10 minutes, then 100 parts by weight of top soil and 100 parts by weight of liquid polyurethane were added and stirred for 10 seconds.

The above topsoil is commercially available, and the bulk density is 0.3 ton/㎥, the pH is 6, and the mixing ratio (wt%) of the topsoil composition is coco peat 51.5, peat moss 10, vermiculite 13, perlite 15, zeolite 10, Humic acid is 0.1 and fertilizer is 0.4.

The above mixed composition was injected into a mold to enable foaming and molding. Five minutes after injection of the mixed composition, the molded foam molded body was demolded. The mold was manufactured to have an internal volume that allows four unit planting modules to be obtained, and the foam molded body was cut according to specifications to obtain four unit planting modules for each molding operation.

Figure 2 is a photograph showing the unit planting module obtained through the above process. It is approximately a hexahedron with square surfaces except for the front, and the front has a slope that slightly protrudes forward. This sloping upper surface forms a triangle when viewed from the side, with the upper surface sloping downward and the lower surface sloping upward so that the two slopes meet, and the border where they meet is biased toward the bottom.

In addition, a planting hole for planting green plants is formed at the inclined front center of the unit planting module toward the inner center of the form.

The size of the pores in the planting module was 0.01 to 0.1 mm, the density when air-dried was 0.2 g/cm3, and the volume ratio occupied by the pores in the total volume was 81%.

Next, Figure 3 is a front photo of the planting module mounting panel on which the unit planting module of Figure 2 is mounted. As it is, the planted unit planting module is mounted on the planting module mounting plate, but the structure of the mounting panel and the unit planting module is mounted thereon. This photo was taken to explain the process.

As shown in the photo in Figure 3, the planting module mounting panel is made of plastic and is configured to allow the mounting of 9 unit planting modules on one mounting panel. It is formed on four corners around the square hole of a flat base with a square hole formed inside. The fixed piece extends vertically, and the unit planting module, which is an elastic porous material, is elastically coupled to the extended piece to maintain the installed state.

In this embodiment, the planting module mounting panel is formed for mounting 9 unit planting modules, but may be manufactured in various other specifications.

Meanwhile, Figure 4 is a photograph of the rear of the planting module mounting panel of Figure 3, and the back of the flat base is provided with a fixing clip for installing the mounting panel on the wall to be recorded. That is, the planting module mounting panel is fixed to the fixing net already installed on the recording target wall using the fixing clip.

Figure 5 is a photograph of the state in which the planting module mounting panel equipped with the planted unit planting module is installed on the wall to be greened, and greening construction on the wall is completed. Figure 5 shows that it was installed on an indoor movable wall, and even if it is installed on an outdoor wall or the interior and exterior walls of a building, the level is almost the same except for the difference in greening area.

As described above, the growth condition of the green wall was observed over a period of about 3 months according to the method of the present invention. Drip irrigation was performed on the green wall, but no other nutrient solution was added.

As a result of observing the drainage of the irrigated water, it was confirmed that only clear water was drained without muddy water, and as a result of measuring the humidity of the room where the green wall was installed, the humidifier was used even in winter due to the moisture evaporated from the unit planting module where the irrigated water stays. It is evaluated to have excellent indoor humidity control performance to the extent that it does not require separate moisture supply. In addition, the relevant testing agency was asked to determine whether heavy metals were detected in the drained water, and it was confirmed that no harmful heavy metals were detected.

Next, by the end of the three months of growth observation, none of the plants planted on the green wall had died, and one unit planting module located in the middle was separated from the planting module mounting panel and placed inside the form. When checking the root development and growth status, it was observed that the roots spread out in all directions inside the foam, and some of them extended to the adjacent planting module.

Claims (10)

In a wall greening method using foamed artificial soil containing topsoil particles in polyurethane foam;
350 to 380 parts by weight of water and 0.7 to 1.0 parts by weight of hardener are mixed and stirred, 100 to 110 parts by weight of top soil and 100 parts by weight of liquid polyurethane are added and stirred, and the resulting composition is injected into a mold to foam and harden. Forming a unit planting module;
planting plants in the planting holes of the unit planting module;
Mounting the planted unit planting module on a planting module mounting panel in which a fixing piece for elastically fixing the four corners of the unit planting module extends vertically from the base, and
The step of fixing the planting module mounting panel to the recording target wall on which the mounting panel fixing net is installed, at this time;
The unit planting module is made of a lightweight, porous, elastic material with a pore size of 0.01 to 0.1 mm, an air-dried density of 0.15 to 0.25 g/cm3, a volume ratio of pores to the total volume of 70 to 85%, and the unit planting module. A wall greening method using foamed artificial soil, wherein the module is square on all sides except for the sloping front, which is provided with a planting hole of a triangular cross-section protruding toward the front. delete delete The method of claim 1, wherein the pores of the unit planting module are made of open pores connected to each other, and the topsoil particles contained in the polyurethane foam are surrounded by the polyurethane medium, preventing movement, and are partially exposed on the pore passage. A wall greening method using foamed artificial soil, characterized by: delete delete delete The wall greening method using foamed artificial soil according to claim 1, wherein the unit planting module mounted on the planting module mounting panel forms surface contact with an adjacent unit planting module without a gap. The wall recording method using foamed artificial soil according to claim 1, wherein the mounting panel fixing net is a metal net fixed to a frame installed on the wall surface to be recorded. The wall recording method using foamed artificial soil according to claim 1, wherein a fixing clip fastened to the mounting panel fixing net is provided on the back of the planting module mounting panel.

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