KR102575819B1 - The fermented fertilizer and the manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is a fermented fertilizer and a method for producing the same, wherein the fermented fertilizer is made by firing one or more materials selected from natural zeolite, coral, starfish, and shellfish to form cavities of several tens of nanometers to hundreds of micrometers therein. A natural porous nanostructure containing A carbon nanotube porous body in which one or more ions of substances composed of nitrogen, ammonium, potassium, phosphoric acid, and calcium are adsorbed by acid-treating the surface of a porous body made of carbon nanotubes and having micropores of several tens of nanometers to several tens of micrometers. , By-product powder obtained by drying and pulverizing at least one by-product of garlic seed bulbs, garlic peel, garlic stalks, garlic leaves, onion skins, and onion roots to a moisture content of 10 to 20% by weight, jade flour, rice bran, protein skin, soybean meal, molasses Among the dry powder of the cultured extract obtained by inoculating and culturing microorganisms in a mixed solution of mixed powder and water, and urea, diammonium phosphate, monoammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate, nitrogen phosphorus, ammonia superphosphate, ammonium nitrate, calcium ammonium, potassium chloride, and caustic potassium It includes any one or more selected chemical fertilizers.

Description

Fermented fertilizer and its manufacturing method {THE FERMENTED FERTILIZER AND THE MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF}

The present invention relates to a fermented fertilizer and a method for manufacturing the same, and more particularly, to a fermented fertilizer that improves soil quality by recycling previously discarded food by-products and natural porous materials and gradually releasing nutrients from the fertilizer into the soil. It relates to compositions and methods of preparing them.

Soil is the base on which plants grow, and plants absorb nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium from the soil and repeat growth and differentiation to be used as useful food ingredients for humans.

Because soil properties and nutrients are closely related to plant growth, chemical or biological nutrients are supplied as fertilizers to enhance soil fertility or substrate characteristics for plant growth.

These soil improvers use artificially developed chemical components in most farmhouses, but recently organic fertilizers have been developed that help to promote the growth of plants themselves by supplying bioactive substances in an eco-friendly and nature-friendly way or promoting the growth of microorganisms. .

However, active ingredients included in fertilizers or nutrients for plant growth have a problem in that they leak out of the soil over time or their physiologically active functions are reduced due to environmental factors. There is a need to develop fertilizer compositions so that the components are retained in the soil.

In addition, the materials used for these fertilizers need to be formulated not only to reinforce physiologically active substances so that plants can grow and survive for a long period of time, but also to prevent leakage or removal from the soil quickly, and furthermore, they are used for fertilizer materials. It is desirable that the materials to be used have high competitiveness and value by recycling discarded materials in terms of environmental and economic aspects.

Along with the research and development of such an eco-friendly and multifunctional fertilizer composition, the development of a soil improver, that is, fertilizer, which is inexpensive in terms of price competition and highly effective in terms of nutrients and physiological activity, is required, specifically, the sustained release of fertilizer components. There is an urgent need for research on how to recycle functional materials and low-cost active substances discharged as by-products that have not yet been utilized in the food industry.

A technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a fertilizer that enhances soil fertility or substrate characteristics and a manufacturing method thereof to enhance plant growth and survival in the long term.

Specifically, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is a fertilizer composition that has both physiologically active substances, nutrients, antioxidants, and sustained release functions of nutrients, and is particularly inexpensive and discarded as a by-product without being utilized in the food industry. It is to provide a high-value fertilizer and its manufacturing method in terms of environmental protection and price competitiveness by recycling materials.

In order to solve the above object, the fermented fertilizer according to an embodiment of the present invention is a natural porous nanostructure. It includes porous carbon nanotubes, dry powder of culture extracts, and chemical fertilizers.

These mixing ratios are not particularly limited, but are formulated with 90 to 100 parts by weight of the natural porous nanostructure, 90 to 100 parts by weight of the carbon nanotube porous body, 20 to 50 parts by weight of the dry powder of the culture extract, and 5 to 20 parts by weight of the chemical fertilizer. it is desirable

In the present invention, the natural porous nanostructure includes cavities of several tens of nanometers to hundreds of micrometers inside by firing one or more materials selected from natural zeolite, coral, starfish, and shellfish.

Specifically, the natural zeolite, coral, starfish, and shellfish were mixed in a weight ratio of 2:0.5 to 1:0.5 to 1:0.5 to 1, 10 to 20% by weight of wood flour was added to the total weight of the mixture, and distilled water was added. After being kneaded and fired, it is pulverized into a three-dimensional shape.

When preparing the natural porous nanostructure, the firing temperature is 500 to 800 ° C and the firing time may be 1 to 3 hours, but is not particularly limited.

In addition, the three-dimensional shape of the natural porous nanostructure may be spherical, elliptical or polyhedral, but is not particularly limited.

The three-dimensional particles of the natural porous nanostructure prepared in the embodiment of the present invention include fine cavities of several tens of nanometers to hundreds of micrometers therein. The particle diameter of the three-dimensional particles of the natural porous nanostructure is not particularly limited, but may be 1 to 15 mm.

The fermented fertilizer according to an embodiment of the present invention contains these natural porous nanostructures, so that the nutrients of the fertilizer are collected in the internal microcavities and slowly released into the soil, or the fermented culture extract obtained by fermenting food by-products with microorganisms It can be given functional properties that are collected and slowly released into the soil.

Here, the natural porous nanostructure can also be prepared in a dry solid state by immersing the natural porous nanostructure in the liquid fermentation culture extract for 10 to 48 hours and then drying it at room temperature. The natural porous nanostructure of is sprinkled on the soil and can slowly release the fermentation culture extract, and when it rains, the nutrients of the fermentation culture extract discharged from the internal cavity structure can be better supplied to the soil.

On the other hand, the carbon nanotube porous body, which is the main material included in the fermented fertilizer of the present invention, is made of carbon nanotubes and has a structure including micropores of several tens of nanometers to several tens of micrometers.

The micropores generated in the structure in which the carbon nanotube clusters are entangled with each other greatly increase the specific surface area (surface area per unit mass) of the low-density carbon nanotube porous body, thereby capturing effective soil nutrients in the fermented fertilizer according to the present invention. It can be done and released slowly.

To this end, the carbon nanotube porous body of the fermented fertilizer according to the present invention is used by treating the surface with acid and adsorbing any one or more ions of substances composed of nitrogen, ammonium, potassium, phosphoric acid, and calcium.

Ionic substances such as nitrogen, ammonium, potassium, phosphoric acid, and calcium are nutrient active ingredients that enter plants through the soil and promote plant growth and differentiation.

In addition, as a sub-material of the fermented fertilizer of the present invention, the dry powder of the culture extract is included, which is a by-product of any one or more of garlic seeds, garlic skins, garlic stalks, garlic leaves, onion skins, and onion roots with a water content of 10 to 20% by weight. It is a dry powder of an extract obtained by inoculating and culturing microorganisms in a mixture of by-product powder dried and pulverized, corn powder, rice bran, protein skin, soybean meal, and molasses mixed powder with water.

The component ratio of the mixed powder is not particularly limited, but 90 to 100 parts by weight of the by-product powder, 90 to 100 parts by weight of jade powder, 180 to 200 parts by weight of rice bran, 20 to 50 parts by weight of protein skin, 20 to 50 parts by weight of soybean meal, and It contains 3-5 parts by weight of molasses.

In addition, the mixed solution is characterized in that water is included in 30 to 45 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the mixed powder, but is not necessarily limited thereto.

The microorganism is Lactobacillus casei , Lactobacillus acidophilus , Lactobacillus plantarum , Lactobacillus leuconostoc , Lactobacillus brevis , Streptococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtilis , Bacillus Putrificus , and Bacillus cereus may be a complex microbial agent containing the same amount of each strain. .

The microorganism is preferably inoculated with 1 to 2 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the mixed solution, but is not necessarily limited thereto.

In the fermented fertilizer of the present invention, one or more chemical fertilizers selected from urea, diammonium phosphate, monoammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate, nitrogen phosphorus, ammonia superphosphate, ammonium nitrate, calcium ammonium, potassium chloride, and caustic potassium are further included as auxiliary materials.

It supplements the soil nutrients in the fermented fertilizer of the present invention, while being manufactured as a liquid fertilizer or supplied to the soil, and then collected in the cavity of the natural porous structure or carbon nanotube porous body in a rainy environment and provided as an additional nutrient that is slowly released. It will be.

Meanwhile, the fermented fertilizer according to an embodiment of the present invention may be prepared by mixing the carbon nanotube porous body with a tannic acid solution of 5 to 15% by weight based on the weight of the carbon nanotube porous body. In this case, the fermented fertilizer of the present invention has liquid properties.

As another embodiment, the fermented fertilizer according to the present invention may be used in a liquid form by diluting a tannic acid solution of 5 to 15% by weight based on the total weight in water.

A method for producing a fermented fertilizer according to another embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of producing a natural porous nanostructure, producing a carbon nanotube porous body, producing a dry powder of a culture extract, and the natural porous nanostructure, It includes mixing the carbon nanotube porous body and the dry powder of the culture extract and adding and blending the chemical fertilizer.

The chemical fertilizer may be at least one selected from urea, diammonium phosphate, monoammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate, nitrogen phosphorus, ammonia superphosphate, ammonium nitrate, calcium ammonium, potassium chloride, and caustic potassium.

The step of generating a natural porous nanostructure is to add wood flour to any one or more materials selected from natural zeolite, coral, starfish, and shellfish, knead with distilled water, calcine it, and then process it into three-dimensional particles.

The step of generating a carbon nanotube porous body includes synthesizing carbon nanotubes on the surface of a carrier carrying a catalyst such as iron (Fe) or nickel (Ni) by chemical vapor deposition, and a plurality of the synthesized carbon nanotubes. Acid treatment of the surface of the porous body including micropores of tens of nanometers to tens of micrometers, and any one or more of substances composed of nitrogen, ammonium, potassium, phosphoric acid, and calcium in the polarly modified part due to the acid treatment and adsorbing material ions.

The carrier is not particularly limited, but magnesium oxide (MgO) may be used.

In addition, the material used for acid treatment of the surface of the porous body may be nitric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, etc., but is not necessarily limited thereto.

On the other hand, the step of producing a dry powder of the culture extract is a by-product powder obtained by drying and pulverizing one or more by-products of garlic seeds, garlic skins, garlic stalks, garlic leaves, onion skins, and onion roots to a moisture content of 10 to 20% by weight. For example, corn flour, rice bran, protein skin, soybean meal, and molasses are mixed, and 30 to 45 parts by weight of water is mixed with 100 parts by weight of the mixed powder, and then 1 to 2 parts by weight of microorganisms are inoculated with 100 parts by weight of the mixed solution. It is a process of culturing for 36 to 48 hours in a fermentation incubator at ~40 ° C, drying at room temperature for 24 to 48 hours, and then grinding to 20 to 80 mesh.

In the fermented fertilizer manufacturing method of the present invention, after the mixing step, a step of diluting a tannic acid solution of 5 to 15% by weight based on the total weight of the fermented fertilizer in water to prepare a liquid phase may be further added.

The fermented fertilizer according to the present invention is advantageous in price competition in the product market because it is eco-friendly and can lower the unit price of the final fertilizer product by recycling discarded food by-products.

In addition, the fermented fertilizer of the present invention can steadily increase fertility by slowly releasing nutrients from the fertilizer to the soil in a sustained release form and retaining nutrients in the soil for a long time.

In addition, in poor external environmental conditions such as drought or flood, it has the effect of rapidly improving soil quality by using fertilizers manufactured in solid powder or liquid form depending on the situation.

1 is a flow chart showing a method for producing a fermented fertilizer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily practice the present invention. However, the present invention may apply various transformations and may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. That is, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to specific embodiments and includes all conversions, equivalents, or substitutes included in the spirit and technical scope of the present invention.

The material of the fermented fertilizer according to an embodiment of the present invention is a natural porous nanostructure. They are carbon nanotube porous body, dry powder of culture extract, and chemical fertilizer.

These mixing ratios are not particularly limited, but are formulated with 90 to 100 parts by weight of the natural porous nanostructure, 90 to 100 parts by weight of the carbon nanotube porous body, 20 to 50 parts by weight of the dry powder of the culture extract, and 5 to 20 parts by weight of the chemical fertilizer. it is desirable

The fertilizer according to an embodiment of the present invention proposes a fermented fertilizer in which dry powder of culture extract and chemical fertilizer are mixed based on natural porous nanostructures and small particles of carbon nanotube porous body, or substances are collected in the pores of small particles. .

The natural porous nanostructure, which is the main material used here, refers to a product obtained by firing one or more materials selected from natural zeolite, coral, starfish, and shellfish. cavity) is formed.

Since natural zeolite has excellent heavy metal adsorption and ion exchange ability and high formability, it has characteristics that can be produced as porous ceramics when mixed with other materials and fired.

Natural zeolite is a generic term for minerals that are aluminum silicate hydrates of alkali and alkaline earth metals. In terms of crystal structure, the bond between each atom is loose, and the skeleton remains intact even when the moisture filling the gap between them is released at high heat. It can adsorb particulate matter.

In addition, starfish and shellfish widely exist in nature, but there is a problem due to waste that is discarded after use. In the present invention, starfish and shellfish are also materials that can be used as a porous structure.

Starfish, in particular, is a predatory marine organism that causes enormous damage to cage farms and shellfish farms, and is a by-product of the marine industry in large quantities every year. It can be expected to reduce environmental treatment costs and improve the environment.

Shellfish are composed of lime components containing abundant calcium, and in addition to the effect of slightly alkalizing the contaminated soil, they have the effect of coagulating and sinking heavy metals or pollutants, so they can perform a purification function to remove harmful substance solutions in the soil.

When natural zeolite, starfish, and shellfish are fired together with wood flour alone or in combination, the vaporization of the wood powder provides porosity to the ceramic mixture of each material, and the specific surface area of the natural porous nanostructure is greatly increased due to the micropores.

Preferably, the natural zeolite, coral, starfish, and shellfish are mixed in a weight ratio of 2:0.5 to 1:0.5 to 1:0.5 to 1, and 10 to 20% by weight of wood flour is added to the total weight of the mixture, After kneading and firing with distilled water, natural porous nanostructures can be obtained by pulverizing into a three-dimensional shape.

At this time, the firing temperature is 500 to 800 ° C., and the firing time may be 1 to 3 hours, but is not particularly limited.

The calcined natural porous nanostructure is cut into a particle size of 0.1 to 1.5 cm and mixed with the fermented fertilizer of the present invention. The three-dimensional shape of the pulverized natural porous nanostructures may be spherical, elliptical, or various polyhedral shapes, and the inside includes fine cavities of several tens of nanometers to hundreds of micrometers.

The fermented fertilizer according to an embodiment of the present invention contains these natural porous nanostructures, so that the nutrients of the fertilizer are collected in the internal microcavities and slowly released into the soil, or the fermented culture extract obtained by fermenting food by-products with microorganisms It can be given functional properties that are collected and slowly released into the soil.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the natural porous nanostructure is immersed in a fermentation culture extract obtained by microbial fermentation of food by-products before mixing with other materials of fermented fertilizer to prepare the natural porous nanostructure, thereby forming the culture extract in the porous microcavities. After this is infiltrated, an additional manufacturing process may be further performed to fix it through a drying process.

Specifically, the natural porous nanostructure may be prepared in a dry solid state by immersing the natural porous nanostructure in a liquid fermentation culture extract for 10 to 48 hours and then drying the natural porous nanostructure at room temperature.

In this case, when the natural porous nanostructure in a dry solid state is sprinkled on the soil, nutrients from the fermented culture extract trapped in the micropores can be slowly released into the ground due to moisture inside the soil. If it rains, the nutrients of the fermented culture extract discharged from the internal cavity structure can be better supplied to the soil.

On the other hand, the carbon nanotube porous body, which is another main material included in the fermented fertilizer of the present invention, is a porous body containing micropores for collecting chemicals.

Carbon nanotubes are impregnated nano-porous carbon materials useful as super-tough structural materials that can be used for storage or distribution of fluids.

In particular, the main commercial use is for use in fluid storage and delivery systems. Carbonaceous adsorbents adsorb and hold fluids in the adsorbed state, and release carrier gas to the adsorbed fluids by heating and reducing the pressure for thermal desorption of the fluids to reduce the concentration difference. It is also used to raise and release these fluids for dispensing in proper dispensing conditions.

The carbon nanotubes used in the fermented fertilizer of the present invention have excellent hardness, abrasion resistance and toughness, and include nano-porous carbon having a plurality of pores filled with materials.

Carbon may have nanoporosity, including pores with an average pore diameter of several nanometers to several tens of nanometers, and the pore size, pore size distribution, and the like may be varied in various forms.

A carbon nanotube porous body according to an embodiment of the present invention has a structure made of carbon nanotubes and including micropores of several tens of nanometers to several tens of micrometers.

The micropores generated in the structure in which the carbon nanotube clusters are entangled with each other greatly increase the specific surface area (surface area per unit mass) of the low-density carbon nanotube porous body, thereby capturing effective soil nutrients in the fermented fertilizer according to the present invention. It can be done and released slowly.

To this end, the carbon nanotube porous body of the fermented fertilizer according to the present invention is used by treating the surface with acid and adsorbing any one or more ions of substances composed of nitrogen, ammonium, potassium, phosphoric acid, and calcium.

In particular, ionic substances such as nitrogen, ammonium, potassium, phosphoric acid, and calcium are nutrient active ingredients that enter plants through soil and promote plant growth and differentiation.

Specifically, the method for producing a carbon nanotube porous body is to synthesize carbon nanotubes by chemical vapor deposition on the surface of a support using a catalyst such as iron (Fe) or nickel (Ni) using magnesium oxide (MgO) as a support. will be.

The synthesized plurality of carbon nanotubes are entangled with each other to form a porous body including fine pores of several tens of nanometers to several tens of micrometers. To this end, the surface of the carbon nanotube composite is acid-treated with nitric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, or the like.

When ions such as nitrogen, ammonium, potassium, phosphoric acid, calcium, etc. are adsorbed on the polarly modified part due to acid treatment, the nutrient substances of fertilizer can be slowly released from the carbon nanotube porous body, which continuously improves soil quality. can be performed.

On the other hand, in the fermented fertilizer according to an embodiment of the present invention, land nutrients are directly mixed as sub-materials to supplement the function of releasing land nutrients from the natural porous body and the carbon nanotube porous body in a sustained release manner.

On the other hand, the fermented fertilizer according to an embodiment of the present invention may be prepared by mixing the carbon nanotube porous body with a tannic acid solution of 5 to 15% by weight based on the weight of the carbon nanotube porous body. In this case, if the mixed solution is used as it is, the fermented fertilizer of the present invention may have semi-solid or liquid properties.

In some cases, it is possible to prepare a fertilizer component in a solid state by drying the carbon nanotube porous body and the tannic acid solution in a mixed state to have a moisture content of 20 to 30%.

One of the sub-materials of the fermented fertilizer according to the present invention is the dry powder of the culture extract.

This is a by-product powder obtained by drying and pulverizing at least one by-product of garlic seed bulbs, garlic skins, garlic stalks, garlic leaves, onion skins, and onion roots to a moisture content of 10 to 20% by weight, jade flour, rice bran, protein skin, soybean meal, It is a dry powder of an extract obtained by inoculating and culturing microorganisms in a mixture of molasses powder mixed with water. In addition, the mixed solution is characterized in that water is included in 30 to 45 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the mixed powder, but is not necessarily limited thereto.

As is widely known, garlic is one of the four major vegetables in Korea, and as a natural tonic, it is an effective ingredient that enhances appetite by enhancing antioxidant action and immunity, eliminating fishy smell, and improving the taste of food. These effective functions are contained in large amounts of active ingredients as they are in garlic by-products such as garlic bulbs, garlic peels, garlic stems, and garlic leaves.

By recycling by-products such as garlic seeds, garlic stalks, garlic peels, and garlic leaves that can be discarded after harvesting garlic as fertilizer, it can give desirable positive effects in terms of environment and economy.

In the case of garlic seeds or garlic stems, since the spicy or astringent taste component remains and may have an unnecessary effect on the final fertilizer product, the process of removing or neutralizing the spicy taste may be performed in the process of using garlic by-products. Preferably, when washing, the spicy taste can be removed by boiling in boiling water for 3 to 10 seconds or immersing in room temperature water for 5 to 6 hours.

On the other hand, onion is also a vegetable belonging to the Liliaceae family, and has been widely used in cooking since ancient times due to its unique fragrance and spicy taste as a spice with many medicinal ingredients. In addition, it has been found to have various physiological functional properties such as antibacterial, antioxidant, blood pressure lowering, thrombolytic ability, antigout, and heavy metal removal ability, along with sulfur-containing compounds that give a unique spicy taste.

Onions are peeled and cooked, so onion skins are also thrown away as garbage as a by-product. As a result, a side effect of lowering the unit price of fertilizer can be expected.

By-products of garlic seeds, garlic stalks, garlic peel, garlic leaves, and onion peels can be crushed and used as needed, and when crushed, they can be made into powder with a size of 80 to 15 mesh using a crusher.

Preferably, in order to easily mix and stir in the subsequent fermented feed manufacturing process, by-products of garlic seeds, garlic stalks, garlic skins, garlic leaves, and onion skins are washed as they are, hot water extracted in boiling water, and the moisture content is 10 to 20% It is better to grind it after drying it so that it becomes .

In one embodiment of the present invention, the hot-water extract for by-products is the by-products of any one or more of the garlic bulbs, garlic skins, garlic stalks, garlic leaves, onion skins, and onion roots in water at 100 to 200 ° C. for 30 minutes to 3 hours. After boiling, it can be used cooled to room temperature.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the component ratio of the mixed powder for microbial fermentation is not particularly limited, but 90 to 100 parts by weight of the by-product powder, 90 to 100 parts by weight of jade powder, 180 to 200 parts by weight of rice bran, and 20 to 50 parts by weight of protein skin. , 20 to 50 parts by weight of soybean meal, and 3 to 5 parts by weight of molasses.

According to various embodiments, the grain component is not limited to jade flour, rice bran, protein skin, soybean meal, etc., and may be added or omitted.

Molasses can be used as an essential ingredient as a major nutrient source for microorganisms.

The mixing ratio of the mixture used as a microbial medium is not particularly limited, but based on 90 to 100 parts by weight of the by-product powder, 90 to 100 parts by weight of corn flour, 180 to 200 parts by weight of rice bran, 20 to 50 parts by weight of protein skin, and 20 to 50 parts by weight of soybean meal parts by weight, and 3 to 5 parts by weight of molasses.

According to another embodiment, the mixture enhances the physiological activity of microorganisms and replenishes various nutrients such as minerals, etc. , Cocoa beans, acorn meal, soju meal, goryang sake meal, or palm meal may be further added in an amount of 10 to 30 parts by weight based on 90 to 100 parts by weight of the by-product powder.

At this time, as the spawn microorganism to be inoculated, for example, Lactobacillus casei , Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus plantarum , Lactobacillus leuconostoc, Lactobacillus leuconostoc , Lactobacillus Bacillus brevis , Streptococcus faecalis , Bacillus subtilis , Bacillus Putrificus , and Bacillus cereus . . Each microorganism may be included in the same amount, and in some cases, only one microorganism may be selected and inoculated.

As an example, the seed microbial preparation may be inoculated with 1 to 2 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the fermentation medium mixture.

Inoculate the complex microbial agent by mixing the medium composition mixed with water in a weight ratio according to the above embodiment, and incubate for 1 to 3 days, more preferably 1 to 2 days at an appropriate culture temperature, preferably 30 to 40 ° C. can For the optimal fermentation process, the water content is controlled by supplying water at an appropriate culture temperature to maintain the water content at about 40 to 60%.

At this time, it is preferable to inoculate so that the total number of bacteria in the complex microbial agent to be inoculated is about 1x10 ⁵ to 1x10 ¹² cfu/g.

After inoculating the complex microbial agent, it is preferable to sufficiently stir for 8 to 10 hours in the initial stage so that the microbial agent is evenly mixed with the culture, and to stand and mature for the remaining 12 to 48 hours.

The fermented product obtained after the fermentation process is completed may be dried at room temperature for 1 to 2 days or dried with hot air at 100 to 150 ° C to obtain a dry powder of the culture extract.

On the other hand, as a sub-material in the fermented fertilizer of the present invention, one or more chemical fertilizers selected from urea, diammonium phosphate, monoammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate, nitrogen phosphorus, ammonia superphosphate, ammonium nitrate, calcium ammonium, potassium chloride, and caustic potassium are further included do.

Examples of chemical fertilizers used in the present invention are not limited, and various soil active substances may be added as nutrients.

This is an additional nutrient that replenishes soil nutrients in the fermented fertilizer of the present invention, is produced as liquid fertilizer or supplied to the soil, and then is captured in the cavity of a natural porous structure or carbon nanotube porous body in a rainy environment and then slowly released. that is provided

On the other hand, the fermented fertilizer according to another embodiment of the present invention may be used in a semi-solid or liquid form by diluting a tannic acid solution of 5 to 15% by weight based on the total weight of the mixture of all fermented fertilizers in water.

When the tannic acid solution is mixed and dried again to have a water content of 20 to 30%, the physical properties of the fermented fertilizer of the present invention can be provided in a solid form.

The fermented fertilizer of the present invention containing a tannic acid solution functions to adsorb and precipitate contaminants such as heavy metals and harmful gases when used in soil with high humidity or in a wetland environment. It can exert an excellent effect on environmental preservation and improvement.

Hereinafter, a method for producing fermented fertilizer according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1 .

Referring to FIG. 1, the method for producing a fermented fertilizer of the present invention includes generating a natural porous nanostructure (S1), generating a carbon nanotube porous body (S2), and producing a dry powder of a microbial culture extract (S3). ), and mixing the materials of the natural porous nanostructure, the carbon nanotube porous body, and the dry powder of the culture extract and adding a chemical fertilizer (S4).

The steps of S1 to S3 are not limited to sequential ones, and each compounding material may be manufactured in a separate process.

In addition, when preparing a liquid or semi-solid fertilizer rather than a solid fertilizer, a liquid product manufacturing step (S5) of fermented fertilizer in which liquid nutrients or a tannic acid solution are mixed and stirred may be added.

Finally, the fermented fertilizer is packaged (S6) and the product is shipped (S7).

Specifically, in the step (S1) of generating a natural porous nanostructure, as described above, wood flour is added to any one or more materials selected from among natural zeolite, coral, starfish, and shellfish, kneaded with distilled water, and calcined to form three-dimensional particles. to be processed with

According to one embodiment, corals, starfish, and shellfish are mixed at an equal ratio of 0.5 parts by weight to 1 part by weight of natural zeolite, and then pulverized into powder form.

Again, the mixed powder and wood flour are mixed at a certain ratio, distilled water is added, kneaded, and molded into an appropriate shape such as a flat disk or sphere, and air-dried for 24 hours.

This is fired at 800° C. for 2 hours using an electric furnace.

After the firing process is finished, it is cooled to room temperature and pulverized into a three-dimensional shape suitable for mixing with fertilizer. Preferably, it can be processed into a sphere having a particle diameter of 0.5 to 1 cm.

The three-dimensional three-dimensional natural porous nanostructure processed after drying may be used as the main material of the fermented fertilizer of the present invention as it is, but in another embodiment, the liquid microorganism culture extract mixed with the fermented fertilizer material of the present invention is added for 10 to 48 hours. After immersion, it can be used after drying at room temperature.

In the step (S2) of generating the carbon nanotube porous body, specifically, the carbon nanotubes are synthesized superimposedly by chemical vapor deposition using magnesium oxide (MgO) as a support and using a catalyst such as iron (Fe) or nickel (Ni). let it As the carbon nanotube polymer is stacked, micropores having a high specific surface area are included therein.

A plurality of carbon nanotubes (carbon nanotube polymers) are entangled with each other to form a porous body including fine pores of several tens of nanometers to several tens of micrometers. Since the carbon nanotube polymer is manufactured using a generally known method, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

Ions such as nitrogen, ammonium, potassium, phosphoric acid, calcium, etc. are adsorbed on the portion whose surface is polarized by acid treatment to finally create a carbon nanotube porous body.

The method of doping ionic materials into the carbon nanotube porous body also uses a general method. Hydroxide ions or carboxyion ions on the surface of micropores will combine

Specifically, the step of producing a dry powder of the microbial culture extract (S3) is to dry any one or more by-products of garlic seeds, garlic skins, garlic stalks, garlic leaves, onion skins, and onion roots to a moisture content of 10 to 20% by weight crush

Then, the by-product powder, corn flour, rice bran, protein skin, soybean meal, and molasses are mixed, and 30 to 45 parts by weight of water is mixed with 100 parts by weight of the mixed powder. Inoculate 1 to 2 parts by weight of microorganisms against 100 parts by weight of the mixed solution, incubate in a fermentation incubator at 30 to 40 ° C for 36 to 48 hours, dry at room temperature for 24 to 48 hours, and then grind to 20 to 80 mesh.

At this time, the microorganism is Lactobacillus casei , Lactobacillus acidophilus , Lactobacillus plantarum , Lactobacillus leuconostoc , Lactobacillus brevis, Lactobacillus brevis , Streptococcus faecalis , Bacillus subtilis ( Bacillus subtilis ), Bacillus putrificus ( Bacillus Putrificus ), and Bacillus cereus ( Bacillus cereus ) is a complex microbial agent containing the same amount of each strain.

After inoculating the microorganism, the fermented material in the fermentation incubator may be stirred at a low speed to perform uniform fermentation, and the fermented material may be evenly mixed.

The component ratio of the microbial culture is 90 to 100 parts by weight of one or more of the by-products of garlic seed, garlic peel, garlic stalk, garlic leaf, onion skin, and onion root, 90 to 100 parts by weight of jade flour, 180 to 200 parts by weight of rice bran, and 20 protein skin. -50 parts by weight, 20-50 parts by weight of soybean meal, and 3-5 parts by weight of molasses, and 30-45 parts by weight of water based on 100 parts by weight of the total mixed powder.

The complex microbial agent is again inoculated with 1 to 2 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the mixed solution.

The mixing ratio of the microbial culture according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown in Table 1 below.

Raw material Blending amount (kg) mixed medium By-products such as garlic and onion 200 jade powder 195 rice bran 380 protein blood 75 soybean meal 80 molasses 10 Alcoholic Bak (Makgeolli Gourd) 50 mixed medium weight 990 water 440 mixture weight 1430 spawn microorganism Complex microbial agent 20 total weight 1450

Next, in step S4, all of the dry powders of the natural porous nanostructure, carbon nanotube porous body, and microbial culture extract prepared in steps S1 to S3 are all mixed, and chemical fertilizers are added thereto.

The added chemical fertilizer may be at least one selected from urea, diammonium phosphate, monoammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate, nitrogen phosphorus, ammonia superphosphate, ammonium nitrate, calcium ammonium, potassium chloride, and caustic potassium.

The chemical fertilizer component added according to the current state of the soil to which the fertilizer is applied, the breed and characteristics of the breeding plant, the climatic environment, etc. is not limited to the above and may vary.

Preferably, the added chemical fertilizer is blended to be included within 5 to 8% by weight based on the total weight of the total fermented fertilizer.

The state in which all the components of the fertilizer are mixed is a solid fertilizer, but in some cases, when preparing a semi-solid or liquid state, step S5 may be added.

Specifically, step S5 is to add and stir a tannic acid solution of 5 to 15% by weight relative to the total weight of the fermented fertilizer, which can be prepared in liquid form by adding more water to produce a product with desired properties.

Since the fertilizer components to be formulated have low dispersibility, liquid fertilizers may precipitate during storage. Therefore, after purchasing the product, when using it, shake it well and stir it well before applying it to the soil.

After the product of the fermented fertilizer is completed, the product is shipped through the step of individually distributing (S6).

The above description of the present invention is for illustrative purposes, and those skilled in the art can understand that it can be easily modified into other specific forms without changing the technical spirit or essential features of the present invention. will be.

Therefore, the embodiments described above should be understood as illustrative in all respects and not limiting. For example, each component described as a single type may be implemented in a distributed manner, and similarly, components described as distributed may be implemented in a combined form. The terms used herein are merely specific implementations. They are used to illustrate examples and are not intended to limit the invention. In the present invention, terms such as "comprise" or "having" are intended to designate that there is a feature, number, step, operation, component, part, or combination thereof described in the specification, but one or more other features It should be understood that the presence or addition of numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof is not precluded.

The scope of the present invention is indicated by the following claims rather than the detailed description above, and all changes or modifications derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and equivalent concepts should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention. do.

Claims (15)

In fermented fertilizer,
Natural porous nanostructures containing cavities of several tens of nanometers to hundreds of micrometers inside by firing one or more materials selected from natural zeolite, coral, starfish, and shellfish;
A carbon nanotube porous body in which one or more ions of substances composed of nitrogen, ammonium, potassium, phosphoric acid, and calcium are adsorbed by acid-treating the surface of a porous body made of carbon nanotubes and having micropores of several tens of nanometers to several tens of micrometers. ;
By-product powder obtained by drying and pulverizing at least one by-product of garlic seed bulbs, garlic peel, garlic stalks, garlic leaves, onion skins, and onion roots to a moisture content of 10 to 20% by weight, jade flour, rice bran, protein skin, soybean meal, and molasses Dry powder of a culture extract cultured by inoculating microorganisms in a mixed solution of mixed powder and water; and
One or more chemical fertilizers selected from urea, diammonium phosphate, monoammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate, nitrogen phosphorus, ammonia superphosphate, ammonium nitrate, calcium ammonium, potassium chloride, and caustic potassium;
The natural porous nanostructure is formulated in a weight ratio of 2:0.5 to 1:0.5 to 1:0.5 to 1 of the natural zeolite, coral, starfish, and shellfish, and 10 to 20% by weight of wood powder relative to the total weight of the mixture. It is prepared by adding, calcining and kneading with distilled water, and then pulverizing into a three-dimensional shape,
The prepared natural porous nanostructure is immersed in the liquid culture extract for 10 to 48 hours, dried at room temperature, and forms a natural porous nanostructure in a dry solid state,
The carbon nanotube porous body is prepared in a solid state by mixing with a tannic acid solution of 5 to 15% by weight based on the weight of the carbon nanotube porous body, and then drying to a moisture content of 20 to 30%,
The fermented fertilizer is 90 to 100 parts by weight of the natural porous nanostructure in a dry solid state, 90 to 100 parts by weight of a carbon nanotube porous body in a solid state, 20 to 50 parts by weight of dry powder of a culture extract, 5 to 20 parts by weight of a chemical fertilizer A fermented fertilizer characterized in that it is formulated in parts by weight. delete According to claim 1,
Fermented fertilizer, characterized in that the firing temperature is 500 ~ 800 ℃ and the firing time is 1 to 3 hours. delete According to claim 1,
The mixed powder includes 90 to 100 parts by weight of the by-product powder, 90 to 100 parts by weight of jade powder, 180 to 200 parts by weight of rice bran, 20 to 50 parts by weight of protein skin, 20 to 50 parts by weight of soybean meal, and 3 to 5 parts by weight of molasses. Fermented fertilizer, characterized in that it comprises. According to claim 1,
The mixed solution is a fermented fertilizer, characterized in that 30 to 45 parts by weight of water is included relative to 100 parts by weight of the mixed powder. According to claim 1,
The microorganism is Lactobacillus casei , Lactobacillus acidophilus , Lactobacillus plantarum , Lactobacillus leuconostoc , Lactobacillus brevis , Characterized in that each strain consisting of Streptococcus faecalis , Bacillus subtilis , Bacillus Putrificus , and Bacillus cereus is included in equal amounts. Fermented fertilizer made with According to claim 1,
Fermented fertilizer, characterized in that the microorganism is inoculated in 1 to 2 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the mixed solution. delete According to claim 1,
The fermented fertilizer is a fermented fertilizer, characterized in that the tannic acid solution of 5 to 15% by weight relative to the total weight is diluted in water and used in liquid form. delete Natural zeolite, coral, starfish, and shellfish were mixed in a weight ratio of 2:0.5 to 1:0.5 to 1:0.5 to 1, 10 to 20% by weight of wood powder was added to the total weight of the mixture, and kneaded with distilled water. After firing, processing into a three-dimensional shape to produce a natural porous nanostructure;
Carbon nanotubes are synthesized on the surface of a carrier carrying a catalyst by chemical vapor deposition to produce a porous body containing micropores of several tens of nanometers to several tens of micrometers made of carbon nanotubes, and the surface of the porous body is acid-treated to obtain nitrogen, generating a carbon nanotube porous body by adsorbing ions of one or more of materials composed of ammonium, potassium, phosphoric acid, and calcium;
By-product powder obtained by drying and pulverizing at least one by-product of garlic seed bulbs, garlic peel, garlic stalks, garlic leaves, onion skins, and onion roots to a moisture content of 10 to 20% by weight, jade flour, rice bran, protein skin, soybean meal, and molasses Mix 30 to 45 parts by weight of water with respect to 100 parts by weight of the mixed powder, inoculate 1 to 2 parts by weight of microorganisms with respect to 100 parts by weight of the mixture, incubate in a fermentation incubator at 30 to 40 ° C for 36 to 48 hours, and incubate at room temperature for 24 to 48 hours. After drying for 48 hours, grinding to 20-80 mesh to produce a dry powder of the culture extract;
The natural porous nanostructure is immersed in a fermentation culture extract obtained by microbial fermentation of the by-product for 10 to 48 hours to allow the culture extract to permeate into the porous microcavities, and then to be fixed through a drying process to prepare a natural porous nanostructure in a dry solid state. doing;
mixing the carbon nanotube porous body with a tannic acid solution of 5 to 15% by weight based on the weight of the carbon nanotube porous body, and then drying to prepare a moisture content of 20 to 30% to prepare a solid state; and
The natural porous nanostructure in a dry solid state, the carbon nanotube porous body in a solid state, and dry powder of the culture extract are mixed, and urea, diammonium phosphate, monoammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate, nitrogen phosphorus, ammonia superphosphate, ammonium nitrate, Adding and blending any one or more chemical fertilizers selected from calcium ammonium, potassium chloride, and caustic potassium; including,
In the blending step, 90 to 100 parts by weight of the natural porous nanostructure in a dry solid state, 90 to 100 parts by weight of a carbon nanotube porous body in a solid state, 20 to 50 parts by weight of dry powder of a culture extract, 5 to 50 parts by weight of chemical fertilizer A method for producing a fermented fertilizer, characterized in that it is formulated in 20 parts by weight. According to claim 12,
After the blending step, a method for producing a fermented fertilizer that further adds a step of diluting a tannic acid solution of 5 to 15% by weight relative to the total weight of the fermented fertilizer in water to prepare a liquid phase. According to claim 12,
The method of producing a fermented fertilizer, characterized in that the three-dimensional particles of the natural porous nanostructure contain cavities of tens of nanometers to hundreds of micrometers therein and have a spherical or polyhedral structure with a particle diameter of 1 to 15 mm. According to claim 12,
The microorganism is Lactobacillus casei , Lactobacillus acidophilus , Lactobacillus plantarum , Lactobacillus leuconostoc , Lactobacillus brevis , Characterized in that each strain consisting of Streptococcus faecalis , Bacillus subtilis , Bacillus Putrificus , and Bacillus cereus is included in equal amounts. A method for producing a fermented fertilizer.