KR102539489B1 - Refrigeration container for electric refrigeratoe truck - Google Patents

Abstract

In the present invention, the flow direction of the hot gas is converted into a reverse cycle according to the refrigeration and warming mode settings to adjust the temperature, and also to maximize the temperature control and change range to transport various types of goods at the optimal temperature. Disclosed is a cooling and heating cabinet for an electric cooling and heating cabinet that can be used for general purpose without a predetermined purpose for a specific product, such as a water heater.

Description

Cooling and heating cabinet for electric cooling and heating cabinet {REFRIGERATION CONTAINER FOR ELECTRIC REFRIGERATOE TRUCK}

The present invention relates to a cooling/heating cabinet for an electric cooling/heating cabinet vehicle capable of maintaining the internal temperature within a certain range necessary according to the type of goods being transported, and more particularly, according to the setting of the refrigerating and heating modes, the flow direction of hot gas is controlled. Electric cooling and heating cabinet vehicle that can be used for general purposes without a predetermined purpose for a specific item, such as adjusting the temperature by converting it into a reverse cycle and maximizing the temperature control and change range to transport various types of items at the optimal temperature. It's about the heating and cooling tower.

In general, electric vehicles (EVs) generate driving force by supplying electrical energy from high-voltage batteries to electric motors, thereby reducing fine dust and greenhouse gases in the transport sector, alleviating air pollution problems and contributing to the improvement of energy use efficiency. Various support policies are being promoted for the distribution and expansion of electric vehicles.

In particular, if diesel trucks, which account for the majority of small trucks in Korea, are converted to electric trucks, it can greatly contribute to air pollution improvement and greenhouse gas reduction by reducing carbon dioxide emissions.

Electric trucks recently developed by major commercial vehicle manufacturers in Korea are equipped with high-capacity lithium polymer batteries and can travel 250 to 300 km on a single charge.

In addition, to charge the battery of the electric truck, the charger connector of the electric vehicle service equipment (EVSE) is connected to the vehicle-side charging socket (inlet) for rapid charging of DC power or slow charging of AC power. can do.

Among the so-called refrigerating and freezing trucks equipped with refrigerating and freezing devices in container-type loading boxes of these electric trucks, in the case of refrigerating and refrigerating devices to which a compressor cooling method is applied, a compressor is driven using an electric motor, and the power for driving the motor is a battery pack. supplied by generators, etc.

That is, a refrigeration/freezing tower vehicle typically has a compressor that compresses gaseous refrigerant, a condenser that condenses and liquefies the high-pressure refrigerant gas compressed by the compressor, and expands the refrigerant converted to liquid by the condenser to lower the temperature. It includes an expansion valve, an evaporator, etc. in which the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant absorbs heat inside the cooling and heating tower to rapidly lower the temperature. In particular, the compressor receives power from the electric motor to compress the refrigerant.

However, this is because the temperature control range suitable for the goods to be transported is inevitably limited due to the structural characteristics of the compressor cooling method, which uses the latent heat of evaporation of the refrigerant by directly supplying the refrigerant gas compressed from the compressor to the evaporator through the expansion valve after condensing it in the condenser. There is a limit that cannot be used universally for both items that need to maintain temperatures below -20℃, such as frozen foods and medicines, and items that need to maintain a stable temperature in the range of 10 to 20℃, such as tropical fruits, flowers, and fresh foods. there is.

The background art or prior art described above herein is information possessed by the present inventor or acquired in the process of deriving the present invention, and is only intended to help understand the technical significance of the present invention, prior to the filing of the present invention, the technology to which this invention belongs It should be noted that it does not mean widely known technologies in the field.

KR 10-2162926 B1(2020.09.28) KR 10-1186467 B1(2012.09.21) KR 10-2020-0031359 A(2020.03.24) KR 10-1917750 B1(2018.11.06)

Accordingly, the present inventor comprehensively considers the above-mentioned matters and reverses the flow direction of hot gas according to the setting of the refrigerating and warming modes in order to solve the technical limitations and problems of the existing cooling and heating system technology for electric vehicles ( Reverse Cyclic) to control the temperature and maximize the range of temperature control and change to transport various types of goods at the optimum temperature. In order to develop a cooling and heating cabinet for electric cooling and heating cabinet cars, the present invention was created as a result of continuous research with painstaking efforts.

Therefore, the technical problem and object to be solved by the present invention is to provide a cooling and heating cabinet for an electric cooling and heating cabinet vehicle that can be used universally according to the characteristics of various items without a specific use by maximizing the temperature control and change range.

Here, the technical problems and objects to be solved by the present invention are not limited to the technical problems and objects mentioned above, and other technical problems and objects that are not mentioned are the general knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention belongs from the description below. Those who have it will be able to clearly understand.

Specific means according to an aspect of the present invention for effectively achieving a specific technical goal while embodying a new idea for solving the technical problem of the present invention as described above can protect internal cargo from the external environment. A container, the internal space of which is divided into a compartment and a cargo compartment, a compressor installed in the compartment of the container, sucking and compressing low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant gas and sending it out as high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas, and a flow of the refrigerant gas sent from the compressor. A four-way switching valve that selectively changes the direction and flow direction of the refrigerant gas sent from the outdoor and indoor units. It is installed outside the container and condenses and liquefies the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas sent through the four-way switching valve when used in the refrigeration mode. When used in the warming mode, the outdoor unit serves to inflow and evaporate the liquid refrigerant expanded by the first expansion valve to convert it into gas. A second expansion valve that reduces the pressure to the pressure causing evaporation and adjusts the flow rate by the action. It is installed in the cargo compartment of the container and evaporates the liquid refrigerant expanded by the second expansion valve when used in the refrigerating mode to enter the cargo compartment of the container. The indoor unit absorbs heat from the room to rapidly lower the temperature and condenses and liquefies the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas sent through the four-way switching valve when used in the warming mode. A first expansion valve that reduces the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant to a pressure that causes evaporation by throttling and adjusts the flow rate, and is installed in the middle of the first conduit connecting the outdoor unit and the indoor unit, and when used in the refrigeration mode, the outdoor unit A first check valve that prevents the high-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant from passing through the first conduit and prevents the liquid refrigerant from flowing backward when used in a warming mode; A second check valve that is installed midway and prevents the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant that has passed through the indoor unit from flowing into the second conduit when used in the warming mode and prevents the liquid refrigerant from flowing backward when used in the refrigerating mode, the outdoor unit and the indoor unit A first solenoid valve installed in the middle of the first conduit that connects the indoor unit and allowing the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant that has passed through the indoor unit to flow only in the direction of the first expansion valve when used in the warming mode, connecting the outdoor unit and the indoor unit. A second solenoid valve is installed in the middle of the second conduit and allows the high-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant that has passed through the outdoor unit to flow only in the direction of the indoor unit when used in the refrigerating mode. a battery pack that charges the compressor, the outdoor unit, the indoor unit, and the controller to supply power necessary for driving the controller, an inverter that converts DC power of the battery pack to AC power, and monitors the state of the battery pack and automatically manages its operation. A BMS that is electrically connected to the BMS to process processes related to charging and discharging of the battery pack, sets a refrigerating mode and a warming mode, and according to the set mode, the compressor, the four-way switching valve, the outdoor unit, the indoor unit, A cooling and heating cabinet for an electric cooling and heating cabinet vehicle, characterized in that it includes and employs a controller that controls the first and second solenoid valves, respectively.

Accordingly, according to the present invention, the temperature of the cargo compartment of the container can be adjusted by converting the flow direction of the hot gas into a reverse cycle according to the type of goods being transported or the setting of the refrigerating and warming mode. It can be used for general purposes without a predetermined purpose for a specific item, such as being able to be transported at an optimal temperature.

In addition, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when installed in the middle of the first conduit and used in a warming mode, the high-pressure refrigerant condensed and liquefied in the indoor unit is temporarily stored, and non-condensed refrigerant gas is removed to remind only the liquefied refrigerant. It is installed in the middle of the first receiver sent to the first expansion valve and the second conduit, and when used in the refrigeration mode, the high-pressure refrigerant condensed and liquefied in the outdoor unit is temporarily stored, and non-condensed refrigerant gas is removed to remove only the liquefied refrigerant. It may be configured to further include a second receiver sent to the second expansion valve.

Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outlet of the indoor unit is connected to the second expansion valve, and when used in the refrigeration mode, the pressure at the outlet of the indoor unit and the pressure inside the second expansion valve are balanced to balance the outdoor unit. A first equalizer that smooths the flow of refrigerant to the second receiver, the outlet of the outdoor unit and the first expansion valve are connected, and the pressure at the outlet of the outdoor unit and the pressure inside the first expansion valve are balanced when used in a warming mode. may further include a second equalizer for smoothing the flow of the refrigerant from the indoor unit to the first receiver.

In addition, a preferred embodiment of the present invention is a first receiver dryer installed in the middle of the first conduit between the first expansion valve and the first receiver and removing moisture and foreign substances in the liquefied refrigerant and the first receiver It may be configured to further include a second receiver dryer installed in the middle of the second duct between the second expansion valve and the second receiver and removing moisture and foreign substances in the liquefied refrigerant.

In addition, a preferred embodiment of the present invention is a temperature sensor that detects a temperature change inside the cargo compartment of the container and transmits an electrical signal to the controller, and a battery state of charge (SOC) received from the controller and operation of the indoor unit It may be configured to further include a temperature recorder for storing and displaying the state and temperature history information of the cargo compartment of the container.

In addition, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, through a gas sensor for detecting off gas (volatile organic compound) of the electrolyte component leaking from the battery pack in advance and transmitting it to the controller and a ventilation hole in the compartment of the container It is configured to further include a blower that circulates and regulates the temperature of outside air and operates according to the control signal of the controller to exhaust and ventilate the gas in the compartment of the container, thereby improving cooling and heating efficiency as well as operating performance (efficiency, output) of the battery pack. or capacity, energy consumption rate, etc.) and safety can be improved.

According to the technical idea and embodiment of the present invention on which a unique solution is based to solve the above technical problem, the flow direction of the hot gas is converted into a reverse cycle according to the set mode to reduce the temperature In addition, by maximizing the temperature control and change range, it can be used universally without a predetermined purpose for a specific item, such as transporting various types of items at an optimal temperature.

That is, when set to the refrigeration mode, items such as ice cream, frozen foods, and medicines can be maintained at an appropriate temperature below -20°C, and when set to the warm mode, items such as tropical fruits, flowers, and fresh foods can be kept within the range of 10 to 20°C. of can be maintained at the appropriate temperature.

Here, the effects of the present invention are not limited to the effects mentioned above, and other effects not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description of the claims.

1 is a side view showing a state in which a cooling and heating cabinet for an electric cooling and heating cabinet vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention is mounted on an electric truck.
2 is a perspective view schematically showing some of the main elements constituting a cooling and heating cabinet for electric cooling and heating cabinets according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is an enlarged longitudinal cross-sectional view of a part of a cooling and heating cabinet for electric cooling and heating cabinets according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a block diagram to help understand the operation of the cooling and heating cabinet for electric cooling and heating cabinets according to an embodiment of the present invention when used in a refrigerating mode.
FIG. 5 is a block diagram to help understand the operation of the cooling and heating cabinet for electric cooling and heating cabinets according to an embodiment of the present invention when used in a warming mode.
6 is a block diagram schematically showing configurations required when using the electric cooling and heating cabinet for electric cooling and heating cabinets according to an embodiment of the present invention in a refrigerating mode.
7 is a block diagram schematically showing configurations required when using the cooling and heating cabinet for electric cooling and heating cabinets in a heating mode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a block diagram schematically showing some of the main elements constituting a cooling and heating cabinet for an electric cooling and heating cabinet according to another embodiment of the present invention.
9 is a block diagram schematically showing some of the main elements constituting a cooling and heating cabinet for an electric cooling and heating cabinet according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Prior to this, the terms to be described below are defined in consideration of functions in the present invention, which specifies that they should be interpreted as concepts consistent with the technical spirit of the present invention and meanings commonly used or commonly recognized in the art.

In addition, if it is determined that a detailed description of a known function or configuration related to the present invention may obscure the gist of the present invention, the detailed description will be omitted.

The accompanying drawings may be exaggerated or simplified in part to help explain and understand the configuration and operation of the technology, and each component on the drawings does not exactly match the actual size and shape. reveal

In addition, in this specification, the term and / or is meant to include a combination of a plurality of related items described or any item among a plurality of related items described, and when a certain part includes a certain component, this is particularly the opposite. Unless otherwise stated, it means that other components may be further included rather than excluding other components.

That is, terms such as 'include' or 'have' described in this specification mean that a feature, number, step, operation, component, part, or combination thereof exists, but one or the It should be understood that the above does not preclude the possibility of the presence or addition of other features or numbers, step operating components, parts, or combinations thereof.

In addition, each step may occur in a different order from the specified order unless a specific order is clearly described in context. That is, each step may occur in the same order as specified, may be performed substantially simultaneously, or may be performed in the reverse order.

And the meaning of the terms "unit" and "unit" used in the present invention means a module type that plays a role or unit that processes at least one function or a certain operation for the purpose of the system, which is hardware or software or It can be implemented as a means through a combination of hardware and software, or as a device or assembly capable of performing an independent operation.

In addition, the meaning of the term "module" used in the present invention may mean a unit including one or a combination of two or more of hardware, software, or firmware, and may also mean a unit, logic It can be used interchangeably with terms such as logic, logical block, component, circuit, etc., and can be a minimum unit or part of an integrated component, It may be a minimum unit or part thereof that performs one or more functions, and may be implemented mechanically or electronically.

In addition, terms such as top, bottom, top, bottom, or top, bottom, top, bottom, front and rear, left and right are used for convenience to distinguish the relative positions of each component. For example, an upper part in the drawing may be named or referred to as an upper part, a lower part may be named or referred to as a lower part, a longitudinal direction may be named or referred to as a front-back direction, and a width direction may be named or referred to as a left-right direction.

Also, terms such as first and second may be used to describe various components. That is, terms such as first and second may be used for the purpose of distinguishing only one element from another element. For example, a first component may be referred to as a second component without departing from the scope of the present invention, and the second component may also be referred to as a first component.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the main elements constituting the cooling and heating cabinet for electric cooling and heating cabinet vehicles according to the embodiment of the present invention are the container 10, the compressor 20, the four-way switching valve 30, and the outdoor unit 40. ), second expansion valve 60, indoor unit 70, first expansion valve 80, first check valve 90, second check valve 100, first solenoid valve 110, second electronic valve Valve 120, battery pack 130, inverter 140, BMS 150, controller 160, first receiver 170, second receiver 180, first receiver dryer 190, A second receiver dryer 200 and a temperature sensor 210 are included.

The container 10 has an internal space and is formed in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped box with doors attached to at least a rear surface and one side.

That is, the container 10 has a structure in which insulated sandwich panels are assembled into a hexahedron box shape to prevent leakage of cold air by embedding an insulator to protect internal cargo from the external environment and to tightly block the inflow of outside air.

In addition, the inner space of the container 10 is divided into a front compartment 11 and a rear cargo compartment.

That is, the inner space of the container 10 is divided into two parts by the partition wall 12 blocking the space between the compartment 11 and the cargo compartment.

Here, the bulkhead 12 may be formed of an insulating sandwich panel that prevents loss and leakage of cold air and blocks heat from entering the compartment 11 into the cargo compartment, and the bulkhead 12 is provided for opening and closing the compartment 11. A door may be provided.

In particular, the compartment 11 of the container 10 can safely protect the battery pack 130 by maintaining a constant internal atmosphere and temperature.

In addition, an LED or display device may be provided on the outside of the container 10 to display settings and control information of the controller 160 to the outside.

For example, displaying the amount of charge or charge/discharge status of the battery pack 130 through an LED or display device, displaying information about the control performed by the controller 160 in the form of numerical values, diagrams, or graphs, current operating mode Status display, whether or not the operating state of the blower 240, etc. can be displayed.

A ventilation hole 13 is formed on the front of the container 10 to circulate air in the compartment 11 and control the temperature.

In addition, a blower 240 that operates according to a detection signal of the gas sensor 230 and a control signal of the controller 160 to exhaust and ventilate the gas in the compartment 11 is mounted on the vent 13.

In addition, the ventilation hole 13 is covered by a protective cap 14 to block rainwater or the like from entering the compartment 11 .

That is, the protective cap 14 blocks the inflow of rainwater or foreign substances into the compartment 11 through the ventilation hole 13 and adjusts and diverts the flow of air. It is attached to the front with a certain gap and space.

Here, the blower 240 may adopt an automatic opening and closing ventilation fan that automatically opens its wings when the power is turned off to prevent the inflow of external dust or insects, or a shutter-integrated ventilation structure in which the opening and closing unit is automatically closed when not in use.

The compressor 20 is installed in the compartment 11 of the container 10 to suck and compress the low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant gas and send it out as high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas.

That is, when the compressor 20 is used in the refrigeration mode, it compresses the low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant from the indoor unit 70 functioning as an evaporator, converts it into high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas, and sends it to the outdoor unit 40 functioning as a condenser, When used in the warming mode, the low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant is compressed from the outdoor unit 40 functioning as an evaporator, converted into high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas, and sent to the indoor unit 70 functioning as a condenser.

Also, the compressor 20 is connected to the four-way switching valve 30 through two refrigerant lines.

That is, the refrigerant moves through a refrigerant line connecting the outlet of the compressor 20 and the inlet of the four-way selector valve 30, and the inlet of the compressor 20 and the outlet of the four-way selector valve 30, respectively.

The four-way switching valve 30 serves to selectively change the flow direction of the refrigerant gas sent from the compressor 20 and the flow direction of the refrigerant gas sent from the outdoor unit 40 and the indoor unit 70 .

The four-way switching valve 30 is connected to the outdoor unit 40 and the indoor unit 70 through refrigerant lines, respectively.

Here, the four-way switching valve 30 may be formed of a slenoid valve for automatically operating by opening and closing the flow of refrigerant gas by an electric signal.

The outdoor unit 40 is installed outside the container 10 to condense and liquefy the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas sent through the four-way switching valve 30 when used in the refrigerating mode, and when used in the warming mode, the first expansion valve 80 ), it introduces the liquid refrigerant expanded by evaporation and turns it into a gas.

That is, the outdoor unit 40 evaporates the liquid refrigerant reduced to a low temperature and low pressure through the first expansion valve 80, exchanges heat with the surrounding space or an object to be cooled, and removes the heat absorbed in the cargo compartment of the container 10. It is mounted on the front of the container 10 to be discharged to the outside.

Here, the outdoor unit 40 may adopt a structure that prevents overcooling by adjusting the rotational speed of the axial fan.

For example, the outdoor unit 40 may have an air-cooled condenser structure in which outdoor air is forcibly circulated at the wind speed of an axial flow fan to cool and condense the refrigerant gas in the coil with air.

At this time, the outdoor unit 40 functions as a condenser when used in a refrigerating mode, and functions as an evaporator when used in a warming mode.

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When used in the refrigerating mode , the second expansion valve 60 serves to reduce the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant condensed and liquefied in the outdoor unit 40 and sent out to a pressure causing evaporation by throttling and to control the flow rate.

That is, the second expansion valve 60 is installed in the middle of the second conduit P2 connecting the outdoor unit 40 and the indoor unit 70 .

When the indoor unit 70 is installed in the cargo compartment of the container 10 and used in the refrigerating mode, the liquid refrigerant expanded by the second expansion valve 60 is evaporated to absorb heat inside the cargo compartment of the container 10 to rapidly lower the temperature. When used in the warming mode, it serves to condense and liquefy the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas sent through the four-way switching valve 30.

That is, the indoor unit 70 evaporates the liquid refrigerant reduced to a low temperature and low pressure through the second expansion valve 60 and exchanges heat with a surrounding space or an object to be cooled to absorb heat inside the cargo compartment of the container 10. Cooled and absorbed heat is mounted on the ceiling surface inside the cargo compartment of the container 10 to be released to the outside through the outdoor unit 40 .

Here, the indoor unit 70 may adopt a structure that prevents overcooling by adjusting the rotational speed of the axial flow fan.

For example, the indoor unit 70 may adopt an air-cooled evaporator structure that directly cools by evaporating the refrigerant in the coil and forcibly circulates indoor air at the wind speed of an axial flow fan.

At this time, the indoor unit 70 functions as an evaporator when used in a refrigerating mode, and functions as a condenser when used in a warming mode.

The first expansion valve 80 serves to reduce the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant that is condensed and liquefied in the indoor unit 70 and sent out to a pressure at which evaporation occurs by throttling and to control the flow rate when used in the warming mode.

That is, the first expansion valve 80 is installed in the middle of the first conduit P1 connecting the outdoor unit 40 and the indoor unit 70 and transfers the high-pressure refrigerant sent from the first receiver dryer 190 to the outdoor unit 40. It serves to reduce the pressure to a low pressure before sending it to the refrigerant and to control the flow rate of the refrigerant.

The first check valve 90 prevents the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant that has passed through the outdoor unit 40 from flowing into the first conduit P1 when used in the refrigerating mode and prevents the reverse flow of the liquid refrigerant when used in the warming mode. It is installed in the middle of the first conduit (P1) connecting the outdoor unit (40) and the indoor unit (70).

The second check valve 100 prevents the high-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant that has passed through the indoor unit 70 from flowing into the second conduit P2 when used in the warming mode and prevents the reverse flow of the liquid refrigerant when used in the refrigerating mode. It is installed in the middle of the second conduit P2 connecting the outdoor unit 40 and the indoor unit 70.

The first solenoid valve (110) is installed in the middle of the first conduit (P1) connecting the outdoor unit (40) and the indoor unit (70) to remove the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant that has passed through the indoor unit (70) when used in the warming mode. 1 serves to flow only in the direction of the expansion valve (80).

That is, the first solenoid valve 110 is installed to allow the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant that has passed through the indoor unit 70 to flow through the first pipe line P1 instead of the second pipe line P2.

Here, the first solenoid valve 110 may be formed of a solenoid valve operated by the control of the controller 160 .

The second solenoid valve 120 is installed in the middle of the second conduit P2 connecting the outdoor unit 40 and the indoor unit 70, and when used in the refrigerating mode, the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant passing through the outdoor unit 40 is transferred to the indoor unit. It serves to flow only in the direction of (70).

That is, the second solenoid valve 120 is installed to allow the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant that has passed through the outdoor unit 40 to flow through the second duct P2 instead of the first duct P1.

Here, the second solenoid valve 120 may be formed of a solenoid valve operated by the control of the controller 160 .

The battery pack 130 supplies power required for driving the outdoor unit 40 and the indoor unit 70 by charging power through a separate charging socket, and is stored in isolation in the compartment 11 of the container 10. .

Here, the battery pack 130 may be composed of a secondary battery having an output voltage of, for example, DC 200 to 400V and being easily charged and discharged.

In addition, the battery pack 130 may include a power module that receives a control signal from the BMS 150 and measures power on/off operation and current.

The inverter 140 serves to convert DC power into AC power when the battery pack 130 is discharged.

That is, the compressor 20 and the controller 160 may be driven by AC power of 220V supplied from the battery pack 130 through the inverter 140 .

Here, the inverter 140 converts high-voltage direct-current power (DC) from the battery pack 130 into low-voltage alternating current power (AC) suitable for driving the compressor 20 and GRID (system power) or LOAD. A power control circuit such as a step-up/step-down converter is applied.

The BMS (Battery Management System) 150 monitors the state of charge (SOC) of the battery pack 130, such as voltage, current, and temperature, and automatically manages the operation to maintain an optimal state.

The controller 160 is electrically connected to the BMS 150 to process processes related to charging and discharging of the battery pack 130, sets a refrigerating mode and a warming mode, and operates the compressor 20 and the four-way switching valve according to the set modes. 30, the outdoor unit 40, the indoor unit 70, the first and second solenoid valves 110 and 120, and the inverter 140 are respectively controlled.

In addition, the controller 160 is electrically connected to the BMS 150 and an Electric Vehicle Communication Controller (EVCC) for processing the charging of the battery pack 130 .

In addition, the controller 160 includes a communication interface for stabilizing data communication timing and charging sequence.

That is, when the charger connector of the electric vehicle charging facility (EVSE) is connected to the charging socket in order to charge the battery pack 130, a communication interface mounted on the BMS 150 and a communication interface mounted on the controller 160 are connected to each other. The charging process is performed while exchanging the defined message format.

Meanwhile, when the charging termination condition is satisfied, the controller 160 transmits a wake-up off signal from the BMS 150 and terminates CAN communication after terminating charging.

In addition, the controller 160 can process data by interworking and synchronizing with the vehicle in real time by electrical signals, and also through the inverter 140, BMS 150, EVCC of the vehicle and CAN (Controller Network Area) communication. They can connect and communicate with each other.

In addition, the controller 160 may receive various control commands or data including a user's manipulation signal through a separate control device or user interface device such as a remote control or a touch screen.

Here, the controller 160 may include a processor that performs a processing function and a memory that stores data, which include ASICs (Application Apecific Integrated Circuits), DSPs (Digital Signal Processors), DSPDs (Digital Signal Processing devices), PLDs ( It may be implemented using at least one of Programmable Logic Devices (FPGAs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), processors, controllers, micro-controllers, and micro-processors.

The first receiver 170 is installed in the middle of the first conduit P1 and, when used in the warming mode, temporarily stores the high-pressure refrigerant condensed and liquefied in the indoor unit 70 and removes the non-condensed refrigerant gas to liquefy the refrigerant. It serves to send only a certain amount to the first expansion valve (80).

The second receiver 180 is installed in the middle of the second conduit P2, and when used in the refrigeration mode, the outdoor unit 40 temporarily stores the condensed and liquefied high-pressure refrigerant and removes the non-condensed refrigerant gas to liquefy the refrigerant It serves to send only a certain amount toward the second expansion valve (60).

The first receiver dryer 190 is installed in the middle of the first conduit P1 between the first expansion valve 80 and the first receiver 170, and passes through the first conduit P1 when used in the warming mode. It serves to remove moisture and foreign substances in the liquefied refrigerant.

The second receiver dryer 200 is installed in the middle of the second conduit P2 between the second expansion valve 60 and the second receiver 180, and passes through the second conduit P2 when used in the refrigeration mode. It serves to remove moisture and foreign substances in the liquefied refrigerant.

The temperature sensor 210 detects a temperature change inside the cargo compartment of the container 10 and transmits an electrical signal to the controller 160 .

Meanwhile, the first conduit (P1) serves as a main flow path connecting the outdoor unit (40) and the indoor unit (70), and the second conduit (P2) is diverged from the first conduit (P1) and connects to the first conduit (P1). It serves as a branching passage that connects again after paralleling.

The main actions and operating principles of the electric cooling and heating cabinet for electric cooling and heating cabinets according to the embodiment of the present invention configured as described above will be described below.

First, referring to FIG. 4, when used in the refrigerating mode, the first refrigerant gas is sucked and compressed by the compressor 20 to become a high-temperature, high-pressure gas, and is passed through the four-way switching valve 30 connected to the compressor 20 to the outdoor unit. Enter (40).

At this time, the outdoor unit 40 serves as a condenser to condense and liquefy the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas.

The refrigerant liquefied in the outdoor unit 40 flows into the second expansion valve 60 through the second conduit P as the second solenoid valve 120 opens and rapidly expands, changing from a high-pressure liquid state to a low-temperature/low-pressure fog state. and enters the indoor unit (70).

At this time, the indoor unit 70 acts as an evaporator to take heat from the surrounding air, cool the inside of the cargo compartment of the container 10, and then turn the foggy refrigerant into a gaseous state. 30) flows.

In addition, the first conduit P1, which is a main flow path connecting the outdoor unit 40 and the indoor unit 70, is maintained in a closed state by the first solenoid valve 110 and the first check valve 90, and the second expansion The reverse flow of the refrigerant is prevented by the second check valve 100 installed between the valve 60 and the indoor unit 70, and the circulation process returning to the compressor 20 is performed when the detection signal of the temperature sensor 210 reaches the set temperature. The cooling action is performed by automatically controlling by the control of the controller 160 until

On the other hand, referring to FIG. 5 , when used in the warming mode, the refrigerant flows into the indoor unit 70 first by inducing the flow of the refrigerant in the four-way switching valve 30 in the opposite direction.

At this time, the indoor unit 70 serves as a condenser and dissipates heat into the cargo compartment of the container 10 while condensing the refrigerant into a high-pressure liquid state.

The refrigerant condensed in the indoor unit 70 enters the first expansion valve 80 through the first conduit P1 and rapidly expands, thereby entering the outdoor unit 40 from a high-pressure liquid state to a low-temperature and low-pressure fog state.

At this time, the outdoor unit 40 serves as an evaporator to turn the misty refrigerant into a gaseous state, and then the refrigerant passes through the four-way switching valve 30 and returns to the compressor 20. The temperature sensor 210 ) is automatically controlled by the control of the controller 160 until the detection signal reaches the set temperature, thereby performing the warming action.

In this process, the second conduit P2, which is a branched conduit that diverges from the first conduit P1, which is the main conduit connecting the outdoor unit 40 and the indoor unit 70, runs parallel to the first conduit P1, and is connected again. The closed state is maintained by the second solenoid valve 120 and the second check valve 100.

As such, the cooling and heating tower for electric cooling and heating cabinet cars according to an embodiment of the present invention converts the flow direction of hot gas into a reverse cycle according to the set mode to adjust the temperature, thereby maximizing the range of temperature control and change. .

Due to this, it can be used universally without a predetermined purpose for a specific item, such as transporting various types of items at an optimal temperature.

For example, when set to the refrigerating mode, items such as ice cream, frozen foods, and medicines can be kept at an appropriate temperature below -20°C, and when set to the warming mode, items such as tropical fruits, flowers, and fresh foods can be kept at a temperature of 10 to 20 °C. It is possible to maintain an appropriate temperature in the range of ℃.

In addition, power efficiency can be maximized by independently receiving and operating power necessary for driving for refrigerating and warming from the battery pack 130 separate from the vehicle isolated in the compartment 11 of the container 10 .

On the other hand, the controller 160 analyzes the driver's or manager's command input through the temperature recorder 220 and performs a temperature control operation if the command corresponds to the temperature control signal, and if the command corresponds to the temperature recording signal, based on time information If the command corresponds to the data output signal, the result of the temperature control operation and the recorded value of the temperature data are combined and output to the printer. If the command corresponds to the data correction signal, temperature setting, temperature recording It performs operations such as interval change, license plate number correction, and time information change.

The temperature recorder 220 stores and displays operating state information of a driver or manager, a battery charge state (SOC) received from the controller 160, and operating state and temperature history information of the monitored indoor unit 70 .

For example, the thermometer 220 displays battery charge completion, remaining charging time, expected usage time, battery remaining amount, battery charging required alarm, etc. through an LCD or LED display module, or prints operating status and temperature history information on thermal paper. can do.

Here, the temperature recorder 220 may set a storage interval in units of minutes, may set a data output method in a table or graph, etc., and may output data at time intervals set in the storage interval.

In addition, the temperature recorder 220 sets the operation, temperature and monitoring environment of the indoor unit 70 according to input manipulation by a driver or manager.

For example, the temperature recorder 220 turns on/off the discharge of the battery pack 130, turns on/off the operation of the indoor unit 70, sets a temperature range, sets a printer's printing method, or data through a USB port. output can be set.

Here, the temperature record output can be output to a printer and USB according to the set print method, and can be output in units of time, all data stored in the temperature recorder, or only specified date data according to the print method menu selection.

That is, the temperature recorder 220 can directly control and monitor driving, temperature control, environment setting, and monitoring environment setting of the controller 160, as well as collect information according to the setting environment.

The gas sensor 230 detects off gas (volatile organic compound) of an electrolyte component leaking from the battery pack 130 in advance, transmits the detected gas to the controller 160, and is isolated and stored in the compartment 11 of the container.

That is, according to the detection signal of the gas sensor 230 and the control signal of the controller 160, the blower 230 operates to introduce outside air into the compartment 11 to discharge the internal gas, and also to discharge the internal gas. It circulates outside air to keep the temperature and humidity constant.

For example, when off-gas is discharged from the battery pack 130 or the atmospheric pressure in the compartment 11 rises above a set value, the blower 240 operates according to the detection signal of the gas sensor 230 and the control of the controller 160. and release the gas

In addition, off-gas generated in the compartment 11 of the container 10 is discharged through the blower 230 and the ventilation hole 13 to thermal runaway in which the temperature inside the battery cells of the battery pack 130 rapidly rises. Fire and explosion accidents can be prevented in advance.

Meanwhile, as shown in FIG. 6 , the first equalizer 250 connecting the outlet of the indoor unit 70 and the second expansion valve 60 is used in the refrigerating mode, and the pressure at the outlet of the indoor unit 70 and the second expansion valve ( 60) It serves to smooth the flow of refrigerant from the outdoor unit 40 to the second receiver 180 by balancing the internal pressure.

That is, when the pressure loss of the indoor unit 70 is large, the first equalizer 250 balances the pressure at the outlet of the indoor unit 70 and the pressure inside the second expansion valve 60 and maintains the cooling degree within a certain range. .

In addition, the second expansion valve 60 controls the amount of refrigerant by adjusting the degree of opening of the passage according to the adjustment of the first thermocouple 62 that detects the temperature of the refrigerant at the outlet of the indoor unit 70.

That is, the first thermostat 62 can detect the degree of superheat at the outlet of the indoor unit 70 and adjust the amount of refrigerant corresponding to the load.

Meanwhile, as shown in FIG. 7 , the second equalizer 260 connecting the outlet of the outdoor unit 40 and the first expansion valve 80 measures the pressure at the outlet of the outdoor unit 40 and the first expansion valve 80 when used in the warming mode. ) It serves to smooth the flow of refrigerant from the indoor unit 70 to the first receiver 170 by balancing the internal pressure.

That is, when the pressure loss of the outdoor unit 40 is large, the second equalizer 260 balances the pressure at the outlet of the outdoor unit 40 and the pressure inside the first expansion valve 80 and maintains the cooling degree within a certain range. .

In addition, the first expansion valve 80 controls the amount of refrigerant by adjusting the degree of opening of the passage according to the adjustment of the second thermostat 81 that detects the temperature of the refrigerant at the outlet of the outdoor unit 40 .

That is, the second thermostat 81 can detect the degree of superheat at the outlet of the outdoor unit 40 and adjust the amount of refrigerant corresponding to the load.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 8 , the cooling and heating cabinet for an electric cooling and heating cabinet vehicle according to another embodiment of the present invention includes a thermistor 270 detecting a temperature change of the battery pack 130 and outputting the temperature change to the controller 160, and a battery pack. It is configured to further include an LDC 280 that steps down the voltage of 130, and a drive unit 290 that converts the output voltage of the LDC 280 into AC voltage and applies it to a motor for driving the cooling fan 300.
In particular, the cooling fan 300 serves to cool the heat of the battery pack 130 by inducing air flow in the compartment 11 of the container 10 .

In addition, the controller 160 compares the temperature of the battery pack 130 received in real time from the thermistor 270 with a predetermined threshold value, and controls the cooling mode when the temperature exceeds the threshold value, that is, drives the battery pack 130 with the voltage. By controlling the rotational speed of the electric motor by controlling the unit 290, the cooling fan 300 is driven, and the heat of the battery pack 130 is discharged to the outside through the ventilation hole 13 with the air flow generated by the cooling fan 300, and the battery pack Adjust the temperature of (130) appropriately.

At this time, the controller 160 simultaneously operates the blower 240 to introduce fresh outdoor air into the compartment 11 and discharge hot air inside to the outside, thereby increasing cooling efficiency.

Therefore, the internal atmosphere and state of the compartment 11 of the container 10 are kept constant to safely protect the battery pack 130 to ensure electrical safety and reliability. Of course, operational performance (efficiency, output or capacity, energy consumption rate, etc.) can improve

Here, the LDC 280 may be a converter circuit that steps down the voltage of the battery pack 130, and the drive unit 290 may rotationally drive the cooling fan 300 fixed to the rotation shaft by applying AC voltage to the motor. there is.

Meanwhile, as shown in FIG. 9 , in the cooling and heating cabinet for electric cooling and heating cabinet vehicles according to another embodiment of the present invention, the refrigerant line L connecting the indoor unit 70 and the four-way switching valve 30 is It can be piped so that it circulates via the receiver 180.

That is, when used in the refrigerating mode, the low-temperature refrigerant flowing from the indoor unit 70 to the compressor 20 through the four-way switching valve 30 passes through the second receiver 180 along the refrigerant line L, and In the process, the cooling efficiency can be increased by preliminary cooling the refrigerant passing through the second receiver 180 by exchanging heat with the high-temperature refrigerant introduced from the outdoor unit 40 into the second receiver 180 .

On the other hand, the present invention is not limited by the above-described embodiments (embodiment) and the accompanying drawings, and can be variously modified and applied in various ways not illustrated within the scope without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention, as well as each It is clear to those of ordinary skill in the art that the components can be widely applied by substitution of components and changes to other equivalent embodiments.

Therefore, contents related to the modification and application of the technical features of the present invention should be interpreted as being included within the technical spirit and scope of the present invention.

10: container 20: compressor
30: four-way switching valve 40: outdoor unit
60: second expansion valve
70: indoor unit 80: first expansion valve
90: first check valve 100: second check valve
110: first solenoid valve 120: second solenoid valve
130: battery pack 140: inverter
150: BMS 160: Controller
170: first receiver 180: second receiver
190: first receiver dryer 200: second receiver dryer
210: temperature sensor 220: temperature recorder
230: gas sensor 240: blower

Claims (4)

A container 10 formed to protect internal cargo from the external environment and having an internal space separated into a compartment 11 and a cargo compartment;
a compressor (20) installed in the compartment (11) of the container (10) for suctioning and compressing the low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant gas and sending it out as high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas;
a four-way switching valve (30) for selectively switching the flow direction of the refrigerant gas sent from the compressor (20) and the flow direction of the refrigerant gas sent from the outdoor unit (40) and the indoor unit (70);
When installed outside the container 10 and used in the refrigerating mode, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas sent through the four-way switching valve 30 is condensed and liquefied, and when used in the warming mode, the first expansion valve 80 an outdoor unit (40) that introduces and evaporates the expanded liquid refrigerant into gas;
a second expansion valve (60) for reducing the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant that is condensed and liquefied in the outdoor unit (40) and then sent out to a pressure that causes evaporation by a throttling action and adjusting the flow rate when used in a refrigerating mode;
It is installed in the cargo compartment of the container 10 and when used in the refrigerating mode, the liquid refrigerant expanded by the second expansion valve 60 is introduced and evaporated to absorb heat inside the cargo compartment of the container 10 to lower the temperature. an indoor unit (70) that condenses and liquefies the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas sent through the four-way switching valve (30) when used in a warming mode;
a first expansion valve (80) for reducing the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant that is condensed and liquefied in the indoor unit (70) and sent out to a pressure at which evaporation occurs by a throttling action and adjusting the flow rate when used in a warming mode;
It is installed in the middle of the first conduit (P1) connecting the outdoor unit (40) and the indoor unit (70), and when used in the refrigeration mode, the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant passing through the outdoor unit (40) passes through the first conduit ( A first check valve (90) that prevents flow to P1) and prevents the liquid refrigerant from flowing backward when used in a warming mode;
It is installed in the middle of the second conduit (P2), which diverges from the first conduit (P1) and is connected again. A second check valve (100) that prevents flow to P2) and prevents the liquid refrigerant from flowing backward when used in a refrigerating mode;
A first solenoid valve (110) installed in the middle of the first conduit (P1) and allowing the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant that has passed through the indoor unit (70) to flow only in the direction of the first expansion valve (80) when used in a warming mode. ;
a second solenoid valve (120) installed in the middle of the second conduit (P2) and allowing the high-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant that has passed through the outdoor unit (40) to flow only in the direction of the indoor unit (70) when used in a refrigerating mode;
Power necessary for driving the compressor 20, the outdoor unit 40, the indoor unit 70, and the controller 160 by being stored in isolation in the compartment 11 of the container 10 and charged with power through a charging socket. A battery pack 130 that supplies;
an inverter 140 converting DC power of the battery pack 130 into AC power;
BMS (150) for monitoring the state of the battery pack 130 and automatically managing the operation;
It is electrically connected to the BMS 150 to process processes related to charging and discharging of the battery pack 130, sets a refrigerating mode and a warming mode, and according to the set mode, the compressor 20 and the four-way switching valve ( 30), a controller 160 controlling the outdoor unit 40, the indoor unit 70, the first solenoid valve 110 and the second solenoid valve 120, respectively;
When installed in the middle of the first conduit (P1) and used in the warming mode, the high-pressure refrigerant condensed and liquefied in the indoor unit 70 is temporarily stored and non-condensed refrigerant gas is removed to provide only a certain amount of the liquefied refrigerant to the first expansion valve ( 80) to the first receiver 170;
When installed in the middle of the second conduit (P2) and used in the refrigerating mode, the high-pressure refrigerant condensed and liquefied in the outdoor unit 40 is temporarily stored and non-condensed refrigerant gas is removed, and only a certain amount of liquefied refrigerant is supplied to the second expansion valve ( 60) to the second receiver 180;
a first receiver dryer (190) installed in the middle of the first conduit (P1) between the first expansion valve (80) and the first receiver (170) and removing moisture and foreign matter from the liquefied refrigerant;
a second receiver dryer (200) installed in the middle of the second conduit (P2) between the second expansion valve (60) and the second receiver (180) and removing moisture and foreign matter from the liquefied refrigerant;
The outlet of the indoor unit 70 is connected to the second expansion valve 60, and when used in the refrigeration mode, the pressure at the outlet of the indoor unit 70 and the pressure inside the second expansion valve 60 are balanced so that the outdoor unit a first equalizer (250) for smooth flow of refrigerant from (40) to the second receiver (180);
The outlet of the outdoor unit 40 is connected to the first expansion valve 80, and when used in a warming mode, the pressure at the outlet of the outdoor unit 40 and the pressure inside the first expansion valve 80 are balanced to balance the indoor unit a second equalizer (260) for smooth flow of the refrigerant from (70) to the first receiver (170);
a thermistor 270 detecting a temperature change of the battery pack 130 and outputting the detected temperature change to the controller 160;
an LDC (280) stepping down the voltage of the battery pack (130);
a cooling fan 300 cooling the heat of the battery pack 130 by inducing air flow in the compartment 11 of the container 10;
a drive unit 290 that converts the output voltage of the LDC 280 into AC voltage and applies it to a motor for driving the cooling fan 300;
a first temperature sensing tube (62) which detects the temperature of the refrigerant at the outlet of the indoor unit (70) and adjusts the degree of opening of the passage of the second expansion valve (60); and
a second temperature sensing tube (81) which detects the temperature of the refrigerant at the outlet of the outdoor unit (40) and adjusts the degree of opening of the passage of the first expansion valve (80);
Including,
The refrigerant line (L) connecting the indoor unit (70) and the four-way switching valve (30) is piped so that the refrigerant circulates through the second receiver (180), so that when used in the refrigeration mode, the refrigerant passes through the second receiver (180). A cooling and heating cabinet for electric cooling and heating cabinet cars, characterized in that it circulates via the receiver (180).
delete delete According to claim 1,
a temperature sensor 210 detecting a temperature change inside the cargo compartment of the container 10 and transmitting an electrical signal to the controller 160; and
a temperature recorder 220 for storing and displaying a battery state of charge (SOC) received from the controller 160, an operating state of the indoor unit 70, and temperature history information of the cargo compartment of the container 10;
An electric cooling and heating cabinet for a vehicle further comprising a.

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