CN115335245A - Air conditioner for vehicle - Google Patents

Air conditioner for vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115335245A
CN115335245A CN202180020507.1A CN202180020507A CN115335245A CN 115335245 A CN115335245 A CN 115335245A CN 202180020507 A CN202180020507 A CN 202180020507A CN 115335245 A CN115335245 A CN 115335245A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
heat medium
air
heat
heating
circuit
Prior art date
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Pending
Application number
CN202180020507.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
石关徹也
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Sanden Corp
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Sanden Corp
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Publication date
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Publication of CN115335245A publication Critical patent/CN115335245A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/22—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
    • B60K11/02—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with liquid cooling
    • B60K11/04—Arrangement or mounting of radiators, radiator shutters, or radiator blinds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • B60L58/15—Preventing overcharging
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
    • B60L58/32—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load
    • B60L58/34—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load by heating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells

Abstract

The vehicle air conditioner of the present invention consumes the electric power of the battery by the conventional components, thereby suppressing overcharge. Comprises a temperature control circuit (41) for circulating a temperature control heat medium and a refrigeration cycle circuit (12) for circulating an air conditioning heat medium. The temperature adjusting circuit (41) comprises a heater (43) for heating a temperature adjusting heat medium; a heat exchanger (47) that exchanges heat with an air conditioning heat medium; and a radiator (48) that exchanges heat with outside air. When the remaining capacity of a battery (45) that is regeneratively charged while the vehicle is running is greater than or equal to a threshold value th, a heater (43) is operated, and the heated temperature adjustment heat medium is circulated to either a heat exchanger (47) or a radiator (48) in accordance with the operation of a refrigeration cycle circuit (12).

Description

Air conditioner for vehicle
Technical Field
The present invention relates to an air conditioner for a vehicle.
Background
In an electric vehicle and a hybrid vehicle, a battery is charged by regeneration during traveling, but the battery is deteriorated by overcharge. Therefore, when the remaining capacity of the battery is high, power is consumed using a resistance circuit, or power is consumed by operating an electric load as shown in patent document 1.
Documents of the prior art
Patent document
Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open No. Hei 6-105405
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problems to be solved by the invention
In order to prevent overcharging of the battery, if a discharge means such as a resistance circuit or an electric load is used, a new component is added, and thus there is room for improvement.
The subject of the invention is to suppress overcharge by consuming battery power with conventional components.
Means for solving the problems
An air conditioner for a vehicle according to an aspect of the present invention is a vehicle mounted with a battery for supplying power to a motor, including: a heating circuit for circulating a heating medium; and a refrigeration cycle circuit for circulating a heating medium for air conditioning in order to condition air in the vehicle compartment, the heating circuit including: a heater for heating the heating medium; a heat exchanger for exchanging heat with an air conditioning heating medium in the refrigeration cycle; and a radiator provided in parallel with the heat exchanger and exchanging heat with outside air, the air conditioning device for a vehicle includes a circuit switching control unit that switches a circuit according to a remaining capacity of a battery that is regeneratively charged while the vehicle is traveling, and the circuit switching control unit operates the heater to circulate a heated heating medium through either the heat exchanger or the radiator according to an operation of the refrigeration cycle circuit when the remaining capacity of the battery that is regeneratively charged while the vehicle is traveling is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value.
Effects of the invention
According to the present invention, when the remaining capacity of the battery is above a predetermined threshold, the heater of the heating circuit is operated to consume the electric power of the battery. Heaters for heating circuits are increasingly commonly mounted on vehicles. Therefore, the electric power of the battery is consumed by the conventional components, and overcharge of the battery can be suppressed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram showing an air conditioning device for a vehicle.
Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating a heating operation.
Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating a dehumidification heating operation.
Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating the dehumidification cooling operation.
Fig. 5 is a diagram showing the cooling operation.
Fig. 6 is a block diagram of the air conditioner for a vehicle.
Fig. 7 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the discharge control process.
Fig. 8 is a diagram showing heating operation + heater operation.
Fig. 9 is a diagram showing cooling operation + heater operation.
Fig. 10 is a diagram showing the heating operation + the heater operation (radiator radiation).
Fig. 11 is a diagram illustrating a battery heating operation.
Fig. 12 is a diagram showing a battery cooling operation.
Fig. 13 is a diagram (heat generating core) showing a heating assist operation by the heater.
Fig. 14 is a diagram showing a motor cooling operation.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the drawings. The drawings are schematic and may be different from actual drawings. In addition, the following embodiments illustrate an apparatus and a method for realizing the technical idea of the present invention, and the configuration is not particularly limited to the following configuration. That is, the technical idea of the present invention can be variously changed within the technical scope described in the claims.
One embodiment
Structure (of the related Art)
Fig. 1 is a diagram showing an air conditioner for a vehicle.
The vehicle is a vehicle that can travel by charging the battery 45 with power from an external power supply, and driving the motor 46 with the power charged in the battery 45, such as an electric vehicle or a plug-in hybrid vehicle. The vehicle air conditioner 11 is mounted on a vehicle and is driven by electric power of the battery 45. The vehicle air conditioning device 11 includes a refrigeration cycle 12 and an HVAC unit 13, and performs air conditioning in the vehicle compartment by selectively performing various air conditioning operations, i.e., a heating operation, a dehumidifying and heating operation, a cooling operation, and a dehumidifying and cooling operation, by a heat pump using an air conditioning heat medium.
First, basic components of the refrigeration cycle 12 are explained.
The refrigeration cycle 12 includes a compressor 21, a radiator 22, an outdoor expansion valve 23, an outdoor heat exchanger 24, an indoor expansion valve 25, a heat absorber 26, and an accumulator 27.
The compressor 21 compresses a low-pressure air conditioning heat medium in a gas phase to increase the pressure of the compressed air conditioning heat medium to a high-pressure air conditioning heat medium that is easily liquefied, and is configured by, for example, a scroll compressor, a swash plate compressor, or the like. The driving source of the compressor 21 is, for example, a motor. The compressor 21 is of an oil supply type that is lubricated by oil that circulates together with the air conditioning heat medium, and the concentration of the oil with respect to the air conditioning heat medium is of the order of a few percent.
The radiator 22 is provided in the HVAC unit 13, and performs heat exchange between air passing around the radiating fins and an air conditioning heat medium (heating agent) passing through high temperature and high pressure inside the pipe. That is, the air conditioning heat medium in the pipe is condensed and liquefied by heat dissipation, and the air around the heat dissipation fins is heated.
The outdoor expansion valve 23 reduces the pressure of the liquid-phase, high-pressure air conditioning heat medium into a low-pressure air conditioning heat medium that is easily vaporized by atomizing the air conditioning heat medium and blowing out the air conditioning heat medium, and the opening degree can be adjusted from fully closed to fully open.
The outdoor heat exchanger 24 is disposed inside the front grill of the vehicle body, and exchanges heat between the outside air passing around the heat radiation fins and the air conditioning heat medium passing through the inside of the tubes. The outside air is mainly traveling wind, however, when sufficient traveling wind is not obtained, the outside air is blown to the heat dissipation fins by driving the blower 28. When heating or dehumidification heating is performed, the outdoor heat exchanger 24 functions as an evaporator, that is, as a heat absorber, and performs heat exchange between the outside air passing around the radiating fins and the low-temperature air conditioning heat medium (refrigerant) passing through the tubes. That is, the air conditioning heat medium in the pipe absorbs heat and evaporates and vaporizes. On the other hand, when dehumidification cooling or cooling is performed, the outdoor heat exchanger 24 is caused to function as a condenser, that is, a radiator, and heat is exchanged between the outside air passing around the heat radiation fins and the heat medium (heating medium) for high-temperature air conditioning passing through the inside of the tubes. That is, the air conditioning heating medium in the pipe is condensed and liquefied by radiating heat.
The indoor expansion valve 25 reduces the pressure of the liquid-phase high-pressure air-conditioning heat medium into a low-pressure air-conditioning heat medium that is easily vaporized by atomizing the air-conditioning heat medium and blowing out the air-conditioning heat medium, and the opening degree thereof can be adjusted from fully closed to fully open.
The heat absorber 26 is provided in the HVAC unit 13, and exchanges heat between air passing around the radiating fins and a low-temperature air conditioning medium (refrigerant) passing through the tubes. That is, the air conditioning heating medium in the pipe evaporates and vaporizes by absorbing heat, cools the air around the heat radiating fins, and generates condensation on the surfaces of the heat radiating fins to dehumidify the air.
The air conditioning heat medium is subjected to gas-liquid separation in the accumulator 27, and only the gas phase air conditioning heat medium is supplied to the compressor 21.
Next, the basic circuit configuration of the refrigeration cycle 12 will be described.
In the figure, the flow path of the air conditioning heat medium is shown by a solid line. The outlet of the compressor 21 communicates with the inlet of the radiator 22 via a pipe 31 a. The outlet of the radiator 22 communicates with the inlet of the outdoor heat exchanger 24 via a pipe 31b, and the outdoor expansion valve 23 is provided in the pipe 31 b.
The outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger 24 communicates with the inlet of the compressor 21 via a pipe 31c, and an on-off valve 32, a check valve 33, and an accumulator 27 are provided in the pipe 31c in this order from the outdoor heat exchanger 24 side toward the radiator 22 side. The on-off valve 32 opens or closes the pipe 31c. The check valve 33 allows passage from the on-off valve 32 side to the reservoir 27 side and prevents passage in the reverse direction.
A branch point 34 is present between the radiator 22 and the outdoor expansion valve 23 in the pipe 31b, the branch point 34 communicates with the inlet of the heat absorber 26 via a pipe 31d, and the switching valve 35 and the indoor expansion valve 25 are provided in this order from the branch point 34 side toward the heat absorber 26 side in the pipe 31d. The on-off valve 35 opens or closes the pipe 31d.
A branch point 36 is located between the outdoor heat exchanger 24 and the on-off valve 32 in the pipe 31c, and a branch point 37 is located between the on-off valve 35 and the indoor expansion valve 25 in the pipe 31d. The branch point 36 communicates with the branch point 37 via the pipe 31e, and the check valve 38 is provided in the pipe 31 e. Check valve 38 allows passage from the side of bifurcation 36 to the side of bifurcation 37 and prevents passage in the opposite direction.
In the pipe 31c, a branch point 39 is present between the open/close valve 32 and the check valve 33, and the outlet of the heat absorber 26 communicates with the branch point 39 via a pipe 31 f.
Next, a basic structure of the HVAC unit 13 will be described.
An HVAC unit 13 (HVAC) is disposed inside the instrument panel and is formed of a duct that introduces outside Air and inside Air from one end side and supplies Air into the vehicle compartment from the other end side. Inside the HVAC unit 13, a blower fan 14, a heat absorber 26, a radiator 22, and an air mixing damper 15 are provided. The blower fan 14 is provided at one end side of the HVAC unit 13, and draws in external air or internal air and discharges it to the other end side when driven. Heat absorber 26 is provided downstream of blower fan 14. All of the air blown from blower fan 14 passes through heat absorber 26. A flow path 16 that passes through the radiator 22 and a flow path 17 that bypasses the radiator 22 are formed inside the HVAC unit 13 and on the downstream side of the heat absorber 26. The flow paths 16 and 17 merge at the downstream side.
The air mixing damper 15 is rotatable between a position of opening the flow path 16 and closing the flow path 17 and a position of closing the flow path 16 and opening the flow path 17. When air mixing damper 15 is in a position to open flow path 16 and close flow path 17, all of the air passing through heat absorber 26 passes through radiator 22. When air mixing damper 15 is in a position to close flow path 16 and open flow path 17, the air passing through heat absorber 26 bypasses radiator 22 in its entirety. When the air mixing damper 15 is in a position where both the flow path 16 and the flow path 17 are open, a part of the air passing through the heat absorber 26 passes through the radiator 22, the remaining air bypasses the radiator 22, and the air passing through the radiator 22 is mixed with the air bypassing the radiator 22 on the downstream side of the HVAC unit 13.
Next, an additional configuration will be described.
The vehicle air conditioner 11 includes a temperature adjustment circuit 41, and adjusts the temperature of the battery 45 by circulating a temperature adjustment heat medium. Temperature regulation refers to adjusting or regulating the temperature. The temperature adjusting heat medium is, for example, water, but other fluids such as a refrigerant and a coolant may be used.
First, the main components of the temperature control circuit 41 will be described.
The temperature regulation circuit 41 includes a main pump 42, a heater 43, a heat generating core 44, a battery 45, a motor 46, a heat exchanger 47, a radiator 48, and a sub-pump 49.
The main pump 42 sucks the temperature regulation heat medium of the temperature regulation circuit 41 from one side and discharges it to the other side, thereby circulating the temperature regulation heat medium.
The Heater 43 is, for example, a water Heater (ECH: electric Coolant Heater) for heating a heat medium for temperature adjustment.
The heat generating core 44 is provided on the downstream side of the radiator 22 in the flow path 16, and performs heat exchange between the air passing around the heat dissipating fins and the temperature adjusting heat medium (heating agent) passing through the inside of the tube. When the heated temperature adjustment heating medium is supplied, the heat generation core 44 heats the air around the heat radiation fins.
The battery 45 is a storage battery that supplies power to the motor 46, and is, for example, a lithium ion battery. The temperature of the battery 45 is adjusted by flowing a temperature adjusting heat medium through a water jacket formed on the battery 45. The battery 45 is one of the power devices requiring temperature regulation, but is not limited thereto. As electric power equipment requiring temperature management, the present invention can be applied to a power supply system, a charger, an inverter, a high-voltage component, and the like.
The motor 46 is a motor for vehicle running. A heat medium for temperature adjustment flows through a water jacket formed in the motor 46, thereby storing heat in the motor 46 or cooling the motor 46.
The heat exchanger 47 includes a temperature adjustment heat medium flow path 47A through which the temperature adjustment heat medium passes and an air conditioning heat medium flow path 47B through which the air conditioning heat medium passes, and performs heat exchange between a part of the air conditioning heat medium in the refrigeration cycle circuit 12 and the temperature adjustment heat medium in the temperature adjustment circuit 41.
The radiator 48 is disposed on the downstream side of the outdoor heat exchanger 24, and exchanges heat between the temperature adjustment heat medium passing through the inside and the outside air passing through the periphery, thereby radiating the temperature adjustment heat medium in the pipe. The blower 28 is provided on the windward side of the outdoor heat exchanger 24, and blows air to the outdoor heat exchanger 24 and the radiator 48 by driving the blower 28 even when the vehicle is stopped or running at a low speed.
The pump 49 sucks the temperature adjustment heat medium in the temperature adjustment circuit 41 from one side and discharges the temperature adjustment heat medium to the other side, thereby circulating the temperature adjustment heat medium.
Next, the circuit structure of the temperature control circuit 41 will be described.
In the figure, the flow path of the temperature adjusting heat medium is indicated by a dashed line. The outlet of the main pump 42 communicates with the inlet of the heater core 44 via a pipe 51 a. The outlet of the heater core 44 communicates with the inlet of the main pump 42 via a pipe 51 b. The pipe 51a is provided with a heater 43 and a three-way valve 52 in this order from the main pump 42 side toward the heater core 44 side. The pipe 51b is provided with a branch point 53 and a branch point 54 in this order from the heater core 44 side toward the main pump 42 side.
The three-way valve 52 has an inlet communicating with the heater 43, an outlet communicating with an inlet of the heater core 44, and an outlet communicating with an inlet of the temperature adjusting heat medium passage 47A in the heat exchanger 47 via a pipe 51 c. The outlet of the temperature-adjusting heat medium flow path 47A in the heat exchanger 47 communicates with the branch point 54 via the pipe 51 d. The pipe 51c is provided with a three-way valve 61, a battery 45, a branch point 62, a three-way valve 63, a branch point 64, a motor 46, a three-way valve 65, and a branch point 66 in this order from the three-way valve 52 side toward the heat exchanger 47 side. The pipe 51d is provided with a three-way valve 68.
The three-way valve 61 has an inlet communicating with the three-way valve 52, an outlet communicating with the battery 45, and an outlet communicating with the branch point 62 via the pipe 51 e. The three-way valve 63 has an inlet communicating with the branch point 62, an outlet communicating with the branch point 64, and the other outlet communicating with the branch point 53 via the pipe 51 f. The pipe 51f is provided with a three-way valve 68. The three-way valve 68 has an inlet communicating with the three-way valve 63, one outlet communicating with the branch point 53, and the other outlet communicating with the branch point 66 via the pipe 51 g.
The outlet of the branch pump 49 communicates with the branch point 64 via a pipe 51 h. The inlet of the three-way valve 65 communicates with the motor 46, one outlet communicates with the branch point 66, and the other outlet communicates with the inlet of the slave cylinder 49 via the pipe 51 i. The pipe 51i is provided with a radiator 48 and a branch point 69 in this order from the three-way valve 65 side toward the branch pump 49 side. One inlet of the three-way valve 68 communicates with the temperature adjusting heat medium passage 47A in the heat exchanger 47, the other inlet communicates with the branch point 69 via the pipe 51j, and the outlet communicates with the branch point 54.
Next, additional components of the refrigeration cycle 12 will be described.
The refrigeration cycle 12 includes an expansion valve 55 and a heat exchanger 47.
The expansion valve 55 reduces the pressure of the liquid-phase high-pressure air-conditioning heat medium into a low-pressure air-conditioning heat medium that is easily vaporized by atomizing the air-conditioning heat medium and blowing out the air-conditioning heat medium, and the opening degree can be adjusted from fully closed to fully open.
Next, an additional circuit configuration of the refrigeration cycle 12 will be described.
A branch point 56 is present between the branch point 37 in the pipe 31d and the indoor expansion valve 25, and a branch point 57 is present between the check valve 33 and the accumulator 27 in the pipe 31c. The branch point 56 communicates with the inlet of the air conditioning heat medium passage 47B in the heat exchanger 47 via the pipe 31g, and the outlet of the air conditioning heat medium passage 47B in the heat exchanger 47 communicates with the branch point 57 via the pipe 31 h. The expansion valve 55 is provided in the pipe 31 g.
Next, the basic operation of the vehicle air conditioner 11 will be described.
The controller 71 is, for example, a microcomputer, and selectively executes various air conditioning operations such as a heating operation, a dehumidifying and heating operation, a cooling operation, and a dehumidifying and cooling operation in response to an operation request from a user, thereby performing air conditioning in the vehicle compartment. Here, the operation of the refrigeration cycle 12 and the operation of the HVAC unit 13 will be described in order to explain basic operations. That is, the controller 71 controls the driving of the compressor 21, the outdoor expansion valve 23, the on-off valve 32, the on-off valve 35, the indoor expansion valve 25, the expansion valve 55, the blower 28, the blower fan 14, and the air mix door 15.
[ heating operation ]
Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating a heating operation.
In the figure, a flow path through which a low-pressure air-conditioning heat medium passes is indicated by a thick broken line, a flow path through which a high-pressure air-conditioning heat medium passes is indicated by a thick solid line, an open/close valve that is opened is indicated by a margin, and an open/close valve that is closed is indicated by a black line.
When the heating operation is performed in the refrigeration cycle 12, the compressor 21 is driven with the outdoor expansion valve 23 slightly opened, the on-off valve 32 opened, the on-off valve 35 closed, the indoor expansion valve 25 closed, and the expansion valve 55 closed.
Thereby, the air conditioning heat medium circulates through the compressor 21, the radiator 22, the branch point 34, the outdoor expansion valve 23, the outdoor heat exchanger 24, the branch point 36, the switching valve 32, the branch point 39, the check valve 33, the branch point 57, and the accumulator 27 in this order. In the circulation path, the air-conditioning heat medium in a gas phase is compressed to a high pressure by the compressor 21, and is condensed and liquefied to a low temperature by dissipating heat at the radiator 22. The liquid-phase air conditioning heating medium is expanded to a low pressure at the outdoor expansion valve 23, and is evaporated and vaporized to a high temperature by absorbing heat at the outdoor heat exchanger 24.
On the other hand, the HVAC unit 13 drives the blower fan 14, and adjusts the ratio of passage through the radiator 22 while the flow path 17 is in a closed state by the air mix damper 15. The introduced air is thereby heated by the radiator 22, and warm air is supplied into the vehicle compartment.
Further, during the heating operation, the outdoor heat exchanger 24 functions as an evaporator, and therefore, the periphery of the outdoor heat exchanger 24 is cooled, so that moisture in the air is sublimated, and frost may form on the radiating fins. In addition, if the frost grows to block the ventilation path of the heat radiating fin, the heat exchange efficiency of the outdoor heat exchanger 24 is reduced. Therefore, when the occurrence of frost is detected from the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 24, the defrosting operation is performed. The defrosting operation is similar to the heating operation except that the blower fan 14 is stopped and the flow path 16 is blocked by the air mixing damper 15. Thereby, the heat radiation of the air conditioning heat medium at the radiator 22 is suppressed, and thus the air conditioning heat medium is supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger 24 while being kept at a high temperature, thereby melting the frost.
[ dehumidification heating operation ]
Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating a dehumidification heating operation.
In the figure, a flow path through which a low-pressure air-conditioning heat medium passes is indicated by a thick broken line, a flow path through which a high-pressure air-conditioning heat medium passes is indicated by a thick solid line, an open/close valve that is opened is indicated by a margin, and an open/close valve that is closed is indicated by a black line. When the dehumidification and heating operation is performed in the refrigeration cycle 12, the compressor 21 is driven in a state where the outdoor expansion valve 23 is slightly opened, the on-off valve 32 is opened, the on-off valve 35 is opened, the indoor expansion valve 25 is slightly opened, and the expansion valve 55 is closed.
Thereby, the air conditioning heat medium circulates through the compressor 21, the radiator 22, the branch point 34, the outdoor expansion valve 23, the outdoor heat exchanger 24, the branch point 36, the switching valve 32, the branch point 39, the check valve 33, the branch point 57, and the accumulator 27 in this order. Further, a part of the air conditioning heat medium that has passed through radiator 22 is branched off from branch point 34, and merges via switching valve 35, branch point 37, branch point 56, indoor expansion valve 25, and heat absorber 26 to branch point 39. In these circulation paths, the air-conditioning heat medium in a gas phase is compressed to a high pressure by the compressor 21, and is condensed and liquefied to a low temperature by dissipating heat at the radiator 22. The liquid-phase air conditioning heat medium is expanded to a low pressure at the outdoor expansion valve 23, and is evaporated and vaporized to a high temperature by absorbing heat at the outdoor heat exchanger 24. A part of the liquid-phase air conditioning heat medium is expanded to a low pressure by the indoor expansion valve 25, absorbs heat by the heat absorber 26, evaporates and vaporizes, and becomes a high temperature.
On the other hand, the HVAC unit 13 drives the blower fan 14, and adjusts the ratio of passage through the radiator 22 while the flow path 17 is in a closed state by the air mix damper 15. Thus, the air introduced is dehumidified by heat absorber 26, and then heated by radiator 22, so that the dehumidified warm air is supplied into the vehicle compartment.
[ dehumidification/Cooling operation ]
Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating the dehumidification cooling operation.
In the figure, a flow path through which a low-pressure air-conditioning heat medium passes is indicated by a thick broken line, a flow path through which a medium-pressure air-conditioning heat medium passes is indicated by a thick dashed line, a flow path through which a high-pressure air-conditioning heat medium passes is indicated by a thick solid line, an open on-off valve is indicated by a margin, and a closed on-off valve is indicated by a black line. When the dehumidification cooling operation is performed in the refrigeration cycle 12, the compressor 21 is driven in a state where the outdoor expansion valve 23 is opened, the on-off valve 32 is closed, the on-off valve 35 is closed, the indoor expansion valve 25 is slightly opened, and the expansion valve 55 is closed.
Thus, the air conditioning heat medium circulates sequentially through the compressor 21, the radiator 22, the branch point 34, the outdoor expansion valve 23, the outdoor heat exchanger 24, the branch point 36, the check valve 38, the branch point 37, the branch point 56, the indoor expansion valve 25, the heat absorber 26, the branch point 39, the check valve 33, the branch point 57, and the accumulator 27. In the circulation path, the air-conditioning heat medium in a gas phase is compressed to a high pressure by the compressor 21, expanded to an intermediate pressure by the outdoor expansion valve 23, and condensed and liquefied to a low temperature by heat dissipation at the outdoor heat exchanger 24. The liquid-phase air conditioning heating medium is expanded to a low pressure at the indoor expansion valve 25, and is evaporated and vaporized to a high temperature at the heat absorber 26 by absorbing heat.
On the other hand, the HVAC unit 13 drives the blower fan 14, and adjusts the proportion of bypassing the radiator 22 while the air mix damper 15 causes the flow path 16 to be in the closed state. The introduced air is dehumidified and cooled by heat absorber 26, and the cooled air is supplied into the vehicle cabin.
[ Cooling operation ]
Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating a cooling operation.
In the figure, a flow path through which a low-pressure air-conditioning heat medium passes is indicated by a thick broken line, a flow path through which a high-pressure air-conditioning heat medium passes is indicated by a thick solid line, an open/close valve that is opened is indicated by a margin, and an open/close valve that is closed is indicated by a black line. When the refrigeration operation is performed in the refrigeration cycle 12, the compressor 21 is driven in a state in which the outdoor expansion valve 23 is fully opened, the open-close valve 32 is closed, the open-close valve 35 is closed, the indoor expansion valve 25 is slightly opened, and the expansion valve 55 is closed.
Thereby, the air conditioning heat medium circulates through the compressor 21, the radiator 22, the branch point 34, the outdoor expansion valve 23, the outdoor heat exchanger 24, the branch point 36, the check valve 38, the branch point 37, the branch point 56, the indoor expansion valve 25, the heat absorber 26, the branch point 39, the check valve 33, the branch point 57, and the accumulator 27 in this order. In the circulation path, the air conditioning heat medium in a gas phase is compressed to a high pressure by the compressor 21, and is condensed and liquefied to a low temperature by heat dissipation in the outdoor heat exchanger 24. The liquid-phase air conditioning heating medium is expanded to a low pressure at the indoor expansion valve 25, and is evaporated and vaporized to a high temperature at the heat absorber 26 by absorbing heat.
On the other hand, the HVAC unit 13 drives the blower fan 14, and adjusts the proportion of bypassing the radiator 22 while the air mix damper 15 closes the flow path 16. The introduced air is thereby cooled by heat absorber 26, and the cooled air is supplied into the vehicle cabin.
Next, a main control process of the vehicle air conditioner 11 will be described.
Fig. 6 is a block diagram of the air conditioner for a vehicle.
The vehicle air conditioner 11 includes a controller 71, an SOC acquisition unit 72, and a temperature sensor 73.
The SOC acquisition unit 72 acquires a State Of Charge (SOC) corresponding to the remaining capacity Of the battery 45. The state of charge of the battery 45 is acquired, for example, by measuring a charge-discharge current and a cell voltage in the battery 45. The temperature sensor 73 detects the temperature Tc of the temperature adjustment heat medium on the outlet side of the temperature adjustment heat medium flow path 47A of the heat exchanger 47. The respective signals are input to the controller 71.
The controller 71 executes a discharge control process, and performs drive control of the refrigeration cycle circuit 12, the HVAC unit 13, and the temperature regulation circuit 41. That is, the controller 71 controls the driving of the compressor 21, the outdoor expansion valve 23, the on-off valve 32, the on-off valve 35, the indoor expansion valve 25, the expansion valve 55, and the blower 28 of the refrigeration cycle 12. The controller 71 also controls the driving of the blower fan 14 and the air mix door 15 of the HVAC unit 13. The controller 71 drives and controls the main pump 42, the heater 43, the branch pump 49, the three-way valve 52, the three-way valve 61, the three-way valve 63, the three-way valve 65, the three-way valve 68, and the three-way valve 68 of the temperature control circuit 41.
Fig. 7 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the discharge control process.
The discharge control process is executed as a timer interrupt process at predetermined time intervals.
In step S101, it is determined whether or not the remaining capacity of the battery 45 is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value th. The threshold value th is a value slightly lower than the full charge, for example, about 90%. Here, when the remaining capacity of the battery 45 is smaller than the threshold th, it is determined that the regenerative charging is possible, and the routine returns to the predetermined main routine. On the other hand, when the remaining capacity of the battery 45 is equal to or greater than the threshold th, it is determined that the regenerative charging cannot be performed any more, and the process proceeds to step S102.
In step S102, the heater 43 is operated.
Next, in step S103, it is determined whether or not the refrigeration cycle 12 is performing the heating operation. Here, when the refrigeration cycle 12 is performing the heating operation, the process proceeds to step S103. On the other hand, when the refrigeration cycle 12 is not performing the heating operation, that is, when the cooling operation or the air-conditioning operation is stopped, the process proceeds to step S106. Here, for simplicity of explanation, only whether or not the heating operation is performed is determined, but since the heating operation and the dehumidifying heating operation are the same in terms of heating the vehicle compartment, it is also determined whether or not either the heating operation or the dehumidifying heating operation is performed.
In step S104, it is determined whether or not the temperature Tc of the temperature adjustment heat medium on the outlet side of the temperature adjustment heat medium flow path 47A of the heat exchanger 47 is less than a predetermined threshold value T1. The threshold value T1 is, for example, about 40 ℃ to 50 ℃. Here, when the temperature Tc of the temperature adjusting heat medium is less than the threshold value T1, it is determined that the heat exchanger 47 has sufficiently dissipated heat, and the process proceeds to step S105. On the other hand, when the temperature Tc of the temperature adjusting heat medium is equal to or higher than the threshold value T1, it is determined that the heat exchanger 47 is not radiating sufficiently, and the process proceeds to step S106.
In step S105, the heating operation is performed by the refrigeration cycle 12, and the temperature adjustment heat medium heated by the heater 43 is radiated through the temperature adjustment heat medium passage 47A of the heat exchanger 47, and the routine returns to the predetermined main routine. Specifically, in the refrigeration cycle 12, the compressor 21 is driven in a state where the outdoor expansion valve 23 is slightly opened, the on-off valve 32 is opened, the on-off valve 35 is opened, the indoor expansion valve 25 is closed, and the expansion valve 55 is slightly opened. On the other hand, in the temperature control circuit 41, the main pump 42 is driven with the heater 43 activated, the branch pump 49 is stopped, and the temperature control heat medium is circulated. The three-way valves are controlled so that the temperature-adjusting heat medium circulates through the main pump 42, the heater 43, the three-way valve 52, the three-way valve 61, the pipe 51e, the branch point 62, the three-way valve 63, the three-way valve 68, the branch point 66, the temperature-adjusting heat medium flow path 47A of the heat exchanger 47, the three-way valve 67, and the branch point 54 in this order.
In step S106, the temperature adjustment heat medium heated by the heater 43 is radiated to the radiator 48 regardless of whether the refrigeration cycle 12 is operating, and the routine returns to the predetermined main routine. Specifically, in the temperature control circuit 41, the main pump 42 is driven, and the branch pump 49 is stopped, thereby circulating the temperature control heat medium. The three-way valves are controlled so that the temperature-adjusting heat medium circulates through the main pump 42, the heater 43, the three-way valve 52, the three-way valve 61, the pipe 51e, the branch point 62, the three-way valve 63, the three-way valve 68, the branch point 66, the three-way valve 65, the radiator 48, the branch point 69, the three-way valve 67, and the branch point 54 in this order.
Next, a main operation mode of one embodiment will be described.
[ heating operation + Heater operation ]
Fig. 8 is a diagram showing the heating operation + the heater operation.
In the figure, a flow path through which a low-pressure air-conditioning heat medium passes is indicated by a thick broken line, a flow path through which a high-pressure air-conditioning heat medium passes is indicated by a thick solid line, an open/close valve that is opened is indicated by a margin, and an open/close valve that is closed is indicated by a black line. In addition, a flow path through which the temperature adjusting heat medium passes is indicated by a thick dashed line.
Here, an operation for performing the heating operation and operating the heater 43 will be described. When the heating operation is performed in the refrigeration cycle 12, the compressor 21 is driven with the outdoor expansion valve 23 slightly opened, the on-off valve 32 opened, the on-off valve 35 closed, the indoor expansion valve 25 closed, and the expansion valve 55 closed. On the other hand, in the temperature control circuit 41, the heater 43 is operated to drive the main pump 42, the branch pump 49 is stopped, and the temperature control heat medium is circulated. The three-way valves are controlled so that the temperature-adjusting heat medium circulates through the main pump 42, the heater 43, the three-way valve 52, the three-way valve 61, the pipe 51e, the branch point 62, the three-way valve 63, the three-way valve 68, the branch point 66, the temperature-adjusting heat medium flow path 47A of the heat exchanger 47, the three-way valve 67, and the branch point 54 in this order.
Thereby, the air conditioning heat medium circulates sequentially through the compressor 21, the radiator 22, the branch point 34, the outdoor expansion valve 23, the outdoor heat exchanger 24, the branch point 36, the open/close valve 32, the branch point 39, the check valve 33, the branch point 57, and the accumulator 27. The air-conditioning heat medium that has passed through the radiator 22 is partially branched from the branch point 34, and merges with the branch point 57 via the on-off valve 35, the branch point 37, the branch point 56, the expansion valve 55, and the air-conditioning heat medium flow path 47B of the heat exchanger 47. In these circulation paths, the air conditioning heat medium in a gas phase is compressed to a high pressure by the compressor 21, and is condensed and liquefied to a low temperature by heat dissipation at the radiator 22. The liquid-phase air conditioning heating medium is expanded to a low pressure at the outdoor expansion valve 23, and is evaporated and vaporized to a high temperature by absorbing heat at the outdoor heat exchanger 24. The liquid-phase air-conditioning heat medium is partially expanded to a low pressure in the expansion valve 55, absorbs heat in the air-conditioning heat medium flow path 47B of the heat exchanger 47, evaporates and vaporizes, and becomes a high temperature.
The temperature-adjusting heat medium circulates through the main pump 42, the heater 43, the three-way valve 52, the three-way valve 61, the pipe 51e, the branch point 62, the three-way valve 63, the three-way valve 68, the branch point 66, the temperature-adjusting heat medium flow path 47A of the heat exchanger 47, the three-way valve 67, and the branch point 54 in this order. In the circulation path, the temperature adjusting heat medium absorbs heat in the heater 43 to become high in temperature, and dissipates heat in the temperature adjusting heat medium flow path 47A of the heat exchanger 47 to become low in temperature.
On the other hand, the HVAC unit 13 drives the blower fan 14, and adjusts the ratio of passage through the radiator 22 while the flow path 17 is in a closed state by the air mix damper 15. The introduced air is thereby heated by the radiator 22, and warm air is supplied into the vehicle compartment.
[ refrigerating operation + Heater operation ]
Fig. 9 is a diagram showing cooling operation + heater operation.
In the figure, a flow path through which a low-pressure air-conditioning heat medium passes is indicated by a thick broken line, a flow path through which a high-pressure air-conditioning heat medium passes is indicated by a thick solid line, an open/close valve that is opened is indicated by a margin, and an open/close valve that is closed is indicated by a black line. In addition, a flow path through which the temperature adjusting heat medium passes is indicated by a thick dashed line.
Here, an operation when, for example, cooling operation is performed as an operation other than heating, power is consumed by the heater 43, and heat is radiated to the radiator 48 will be described. When the refrigeration cycle 12 performs the cooling operation, the compressor 21 is driven in a state in which the outdoor expansion valve 23 is fully opened, the on-off valve 32 is closed, the on-off valve 35 is closed, the indoor expansion valve 25 is slightly opened, and the expansion valve 55 is closed. On the other hand, in the temperature control circuit 41, the heater 43 is operated to drive the main pump 42, the sub-pump 49 is stopped, and the temperature control heat medium is circulated. The three-way valves are controlled so that the temperature-adjusting heat medium circulates sequentially through the main pump 42, the heater 43, the three-way valve 52, the three-way valve 61, the pipe 51e, the branch point 62, the three-way valve 63, the three-way valve 68, the branch point 66, the three-way valve 65, the radiator 48, the branch point 69, the three-way valve 67, and the branch point 54. Here, the cooling operation is described as an operation other than heating, but the heating operation also includes a case where the air conditioning operation is stopped.
Thereby, the air conditioning heat medium circulates through the compressor 21, the radiator 22, the branch point 34, the outdoor expansion valve 23, the outdoor heat exchanger 24, the branch point 36, the check valve 38, the branch point 37, the branch point 56, the indoor expansion valve 25, the heat absorber 26, the branch point 39, the check valve 33, the branch point 57, and the accumulator 27 in this order. In the circulation path, the air-conditioning heat medium in a gas phase is compressed to a high pressure by the compressor 21, and is condensed and liquefied to a low temperature by heat dissipation in the outdoor heat exchanger 24. The liquid-phase air conditioning heating medium is expanded to a low pressure at the indoor expansion valve 25, and is evaporated and vaporized to a high temperature at the heat absorber 26 by absorbing heat.
The temperature-adjusting heat medium circulates through the main pump 42, the heater 43, the three-way valve 52, the three-way valve 61, the pipe 51e, the branch point 62, the three-way valve 63, the three-way valve 68, the branch point 66, the three-way valve 65, the radiator 48, the branch point 69, the three-way valve 67, and the branch point 54 in this order. In the circulation path, the temperature adjusting heat medium absorbs heat in the heater 43 to become high in temperature, and dissipates heat in the radiator 48 to become low in temperature.
On the other hand, the HVAC unit 13 drives the blower fan 14, and adjusts the proportion of bypassing the radiator 22 while the air mix damper 15 causes the flow path 16 to be in the closed state. The introduced air is thereby cooled by heat absorber 26, and the cooled air is supplied into the vehicle compartment.
[ heating operation + Heater operation (radiator radiation) ]
Fig. 10 is a diagram showing the heating operation + the heater operation (radiator radiation).
In the figure, a flow path through which a low-pressure air-conditioning heat medium passes is indicated by a thick broken line, a flow path through which a high-pressure air-conditioning heat medium passes is indicated by a thick solid line, an open/close valve that is opened is indicated by a margin, and an open/close valve that is closed is indicated by a black line. In addition, a flow path through which the temperature adjusting heat medium passes is indicated by a thick dashed line.
Here, an operation when the heater 43 consumes electric power and radiates heat to the radiator 48 while the heating operation is performed will be described. When the refrigeration cycle 12 performs the heating operation, the compressor 21 is driven in a state in which the outdoor expansion valve 23 is slightly opened, the open/close valve 32 is opened, the open/close valve 35 is closed, the indoor expansion valve 25 is closed, and the expansion valve 55 is closed. On the other hand, in the temperature control circuit 41, the heater 43 is operated to drive the main pump 42, the sub-pump 49 is stopped, and the temperature control heat medium is circulated. The three-way valves are controlled so that the temperature-adjusting heat medium circulates through the main pump 42, the heater 43, the three-way valve 52, the three-way valve 61, the pipe 51e, the branch point 62, the three-way valve 63, the three-way valve 68, the branch point 66, the three-way valve 65, the radiator 48, the branch point 69, the three-way valve 67, and the branch point 54 in this order.
Thereby, the air conditioning heat medium circulates through the compressor 21, the radiator 22, the branch point 34, the outdoor expansion valve 23, the outdoor heat exchanger 24, the branch point 36, the switching valve 32, the branch point 39, the check valve 33, the branch point 57, and the accumulator 27 in this order. In the circulation path, the air-conditioning heat medium in a gas phase is compressed to a high pressure by the compressor 21, and is condensed and liquefied to a low temperature by dissipating heat at the radiator 22. The liquid-phase air conditioning heat medium is expanded to a low pressure at the outdoor expansion valve 23, and is evaporated and vaporized to a high temperature by absorbing heat at the outdoor heat exchanger 24.
The temperature-adjusting heating medium circulates sequentially through the main pump 42, the heater 43, the three-way valve 52, the three-way valve 61, the pipe 51e, the branch point 62, the three-way valve 63, the three-way valve 68, the branch point 66, the three-way valve 65, the radiator 48, the branch point 69, the three-way valve 67, and the branch point 54. In the circulation path, the temperature adjusting heat medium absorbs heat in the heater 43 to become high in temperature, and dissipates heat in the radiator 48 to become low in temperature.
On the other hand, the HVAC unit 13 drives the blower fan 14, and adjusts the ratio of passage through the radiator 22 while the flow path 17 is in a closed state by the air mix damper 15. The introduced air is thereby heated by the radiator 22, and warm air is supplied into the vehicle compartment.
Next, the other operations will be described supplementarily.
[ Battery heating operation ]
Fig. 11 is a diagram illustrating a battery heating operation.
In the figure, a flow path through which the temperature adjusting heat medium passes is indicated by a thick dashed line. Here, the battery heating operation performed when the temperature of the battery 45 is lower than a predetermined threshold value will be described. The refrigeration cycle 12 functions independently, and a description thereof is omitted. In the temperature control circuit 41, the heater 43 is operated to drive the main pump 42, the sub-pump 49 is stopped, and the temperature control heat medium is circulated. Further, the respective three-way valves are controlled so that the temperature-adjusting heat medium circulates via the main pump 42, the heater 43, the three-way valve 52, the three-way valve 61, the battery 45, the branch point 62, the three-way valve 63, the three-way valve 68, the branch point 53, and the branch point 54 in this order. In the circulation path, the temperature adjusting heat medium is heated to a high temperature by absorbing heat in the heater 43, and is cooled to a low temperature by dissipating heat in the battery 45. Thereby, the battery 45 is heated by the temperature adjusting heat medium.
[ Battery Cooling operation ]
Fig. 12 is a diagram showing a battery cooling operation.
In the figure, a flow path through which the temperature adjusting heat medium passes is indicated by a thick dashed line. Here, the battery cooling operation performed when the temperature of the battery 45 is higher than a predetermined threshold value will be described. The refrigeration cycle 12 functions independently, and the description thereof is omitted. In the temperature control circuit 41, the heater 43 is stopped, the main pump 42 is driven, the slave pump 49 is stopped, and the temperature control heat medium is circulated. Further, the three-way valves are controlled such that the temperature adjusting heat medium circulates sequentially via the main pump 42, the heater 43, the three-way valve 52, the three-way valve 61, the battery 45, the branch point 62, the three-way valve 63, the three-way valve 68, the branch point 66, the three-way valve 65, the radiator 48, the branch point 69, the three-way valve 67, and the branch point 54. In the circulation path, the temperature adjusting heat medium absorbs heat in the battery 45 to become high in temperature, and dissipates heat in the radiator 48 to become low in temperature. Thereby, the battery 45 is cooled by the temperature adjusting heat medium.
Heating auxiliary operation by heater
Fig. 13 is a diagram illustrating a heating assist operation performed by the heater.
In the figure, a flow path through which a low-pressure air-conditioning heat medium passes is indicated by a thick broken line, a flow path through which a high-pressure air-conditioning heat medium passes is indicated by a thick solid line, an open/close valve that is opened is indicated by a margin, and an open/close valve that is closed is indicated by a black line. In addition, a flow path through which the temperature adjusting heat medium passes is indicated by a thick dashed line.
Here, the heating assist operation by the heater 43 will be described. When the refrigeration cycle 12 performs the heating operation, the compressor 21 is driven in a state in which the outdoor expansion valve 23 is slightly opened, the open/close valve 32 is opened, the open/close valve 35 is closed, the indoor expansion valve 25 is closed, and the expansion valve 55 is closed. On the other hand, in the temperature control circuit 41, the heater 43 is operated to drive the main pump 42, the sub-pump 49 is stopped, and the temperature control heat medium is circulated. Further, the respective three-way valves are controlled so that the temperature-adjusting heat medium circulates through the main pump 42, the heater 43, the three-way valve 52, the heat generating core 44, the branch point 53, and the branch point 54 in this order.
Thereby, the air conditioning heat medium circulates through the compressor 21, the radiator 22, the branch point 34, the outdoor expansion valve 23, the outdoor heat exchanger 24, the branch point 36, the switching valve 32, the branch point 39, the check valve 33, the branch point 57, and the accumulator 27 in this order. In these circulation paths, the air-conditioning heat medium in a gas phase is compressed to a high pressure by the compressor 21, and is condensed and liquefied to a low temperature by dissipating heat at the radiator 22. The liquid-phase air conditioning heating medium is expanded to a low pressure at the outdoor expansion valve 23, and is evaporated and vaporized to a high temperature by absorbing heat at the outdoor heat exchanger 24.
The temperature-adjusting heat medium is circulated through the main pump 42, the heater 43, the three-way valve 52, the heat-generating core 44, the branch point 53, and the branch point 54 in this order. In the circulation path, the temperature adjusting heat medium is heated to a high temperature by absorbing heat in the heater 43, and is cooled to a low temperature by dissipating heat in the heat generating core 44.
On the other hand, the HVAC unit 13 drives the blower fan 14, and adjusts the ratio of passage through the radiator 22 while the flow path 17 is in a closed state by the air mix damper 15. Thereby, the introduced air is heated at the radiator 22 and heated at the heat generating core 44, and warm air is supplied into the vehicle compartment.
[ Motor Cooling operation ]
Fig. 14 is a diagram showing a motor cooling operation.
In the figure, a flow path through which the temperature adjusting heat medium passes is indicated by a thick dashed line. Here, the motor cooling operation performed when the temperature of the motor 46 is higher than a predetermined threshold value will be described. The refrigeration cycle 12 functions independently, and the description thereof is omitted. In the temperature control circuit 41, the heater 43 is stopped, the main pump 42 is stopped, the sub-pump 49 is driven, and the temperature control heat medium is circulated. Further, the three-way valves are controlled so that the temperature-adjusting heat medium circulates through the branch pump 49, the branch point 64, the motor 46, the three-way valve 65, the radiator 48, and the branch point 69 in this order. In the circulation path, the temperature adjusting heat medium becomes high in temperature by absorbing heat at the motor 46, and becomes low in temperature by dissipating heat at the radiator 48. Thereby, the motor 46 is cooled by the temperature adjusting heat medium.
As described above, the temperature regulation circuit 41 corresponds to a "heating circuit", the refrigeration cycle circuit 12 corresponds to a "refrigeration cycle circuit", the heater 43 corresponds to a "heater", the heat exchanger 47 corresponds to a "heat exchanger", and the radiator 48 corresponds to a "radiator". The processing in steps S101 to S106 corresponds to a "circuit switching control unit". The battery 45 corresponds to "power equipment" and "battery". The temperature-adjusting heat medium corresponds to a "heating heat medium".
Action
Next, the main operation and effect of one embodiment will be described.
The battery 45 is charged by regeneration during running, but since the battery 45 is deteriorated by overcharge, regeneration cannot be performed any more when the battery 45 is fully charged. In order to prevent overcharge of the battery 45, a discharge means such as a resistance circuit or an electric load is generally used, but there is room for improvement because a new component is added.
Therefore, the heater 43 of the temperature adjusting circuit 41 that adjusts the temperature of the battery 45 is used. That is, when the remaining capacity of the battery 45 is equal to or greater than the threshold th (yes in step S101), the heater 43 is operated (step S102). When the remaining capacity of the battery 45 is equal to or greater than the threshold value th, the heater 43 of the temperature control circuit 41 is operated to consume the electric power of the battery 45. The heater 43 of the temperature control circuit 41 is generally mounted on an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle. Therefore, the electric power of the battery 45 can be consumed by the existing constituent components, and overcharge of the battery 45 can be suppressed. The temperature adjusting heat medium heated by the heater 43 is radiated at the heat exchanger 47 or at the radiator 48. Since the heat exchanger 47 and the radiator 48 are usually attached to the temperature control circuit 41, heat can be reliably radiated by the conventional components.
When the refrigeration cycle 12 performs heating (yes in step S103), the temperature adjustment heat medium heated by the heater 43 is radiated to the temperature adjustment flow path 47A of the heat exchanger 47 (step S105).
On the other hand, when the refrigeration cycle 12 is stopped or the cooling operation is performed (no in step S103), the temperature adjustment heat medium heated by the heater 43 is radiated at the radiator 48 (step S106). This allows the circulation path of the temperature adjustment heat medium to be switched according to the operation of the refrigeration cycle circuit 12, and thus the temperature adjustment heat medium can be appropriately radiated.
In the normal heating operation, heat is absorbed in the outdoor heat exchanger 24, but frost formation is more likely to occur as the amount of heat absorbed in the outdoor heat exchanger 24 increases. However, if the heater 43 is used to assist the heating operation, the amount of heat absorbed by the outdoor heat exchanger 24 can be reduced accordingly. Therefore, there is an effect of delaying the frost formation of the outdoor heat exchanger 24.
Even when the heating operation is performed in the refrigeration cycle 12 (yes in step S103), if the temperature Tc of the temperature adjustment heat medium on the outlet side of the temperature adjustment heat medium flow path 47A of the heat exchanger 47 is equal to or higher than the threshold value T1 (no in step S104), the temperature adjustment heat medium heated by the heater 43 is radiated to the radiator 48 (step S106).
If the temperature Tc of the temperature adjustment heat medium on the outlet side of the temperature adjustment heat medium flow path 47A of the heat exchanger 47 is high, this means that sufficient heat radiation is not possible. At this time, the temperature of the temperature adjusting heat medium can be reliably lowered by radiating the temperature adjusting heat medium at the radiator 48.
The temperature control circuit 41 is a circuit for circulating a temperature control heat medium to assist in heating the refrigeration cycle circuit 12. Such a temperature control circuit 41 is generally mounted on an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle. Therefore, the electric power of the battery 45 can be consumed by the conventional components, and overcharge of the battery 45 can be suppressed.
The temperature control circuit 41 is also a circuit for circulating the temperature control heating medium to heat the battery 45. Such a temperature control circuit 41 is generally mounted on an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle. Therefore, the electric power of the battery 45 can be consumed by the existing constituent components, and overcharge of the battery 45 can be suppressed.
Modifications of the invention
In the present embodiment, the structure for heating or cooling the battery 45 is described, but the present invention is not limited to this. That is, in the present embodiment, since at least the battery 45 needs to be heated, a structure for cooling the battery 45 may be omitted.
In the present embodiment, the flow of the temperature adjustment heat medium is switched by the three-way valve in the temperature adjustment circuit 41, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, instead of providing a three-way valve, a two-way valve that can be opened and closed may be provided in each of the respective flow paths, and the other one of the flow paths may be closed when one side is opened and opened when the other side is closed.
In the present embodiment, the configuration in which the outdoor expansion valve 23 is fully opened during cooling is described, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, a bypass passage that bypasses the outdoor expansion valve 23 may be provided, and the bypass passage may be configured to be openable and closable. Thus, if the outdoor expansion valve 23 is closed and the bypass flow path is opened during cooling, the pressure loss can be reduced.
While the above has been described with respect to a limited number of embodiments, the scope of the claims is not limited thereto and variations to the embodiments disclosed above will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Description of the reference symbols
11\8230, air conditioner for vehicle 12 \8230, refrigerating circulation loop 13 \8230, HVAC unit 14 \8230, blower fan 15 \8230, air mixing air door 16 \8230, flow path 17 \8230, flow path 21 \8230, compressor 22 \8230, radiator 23 \8230, outdoor expansion valve 24 \8230, outdoor heat exchanger 25 \8230, indoor expansion valve 26 \8230, heat absorber 27 \8230, liquid reservoir 28 \8230blower31 a \8230, piping, 31B \8230, a piping 31c \8230, a piping 31d \8230, a piping 31e, a piping 31f \8230, a piping 31g \8230, a piping 31h \8230, a piping 32 \8230, a switching valve 33 \8230, a check valve 34 \8230, a bifurcation point 35 \8230, a switching valve 36 \8230, a bifurcation point 37 \8230, a bifurcation point 38 \8230, a check valve 39 \8230, a bifurcation point 41 \8230, a temperature regulation loop 42 \8230, a main pump 43 \8230, a heater 44 \8230, a heating core, 45 \8230, 46 \ 8230battery, 46 \ 8230motor, 47 \8230heatexchanger, 47A \8230, heat medium flow path for temperature regulation, 47B \8230, heat medium flow path for air conditioner, 48 \8230, radiator, 49 \8230, sub-pump, 51a \8230, piping, 51B \8230, piping, 51c \8230, piping, 51d \8230, piping, 51e \8230, piping, 51f \8230, piping, 51g 8230, piping, 51h \8230, piping, 51i \8230, piping, 51j \8230, piping, 52 method 8230, a three-way valve, 53 method 8230, a branch point, 54 method 8230, a branch point, 55 method 8230, an expansion valve, 56 method 8230, a branch point, 57 method 8230, a branch point, 61 method 8230, a three-way valve, 62 method 8230, a branch point, 63 method 8230, a three-way valve, 64 method 8230, a branch point, 65 method 8230, a three-way valve, 66 method 8230, a branch point, 67 method 8230, a three-way valve, 68 method 8230, a three-way valve, 69 method 8230, a branch point, 71 method 8230, a controller, 72 method 8230, an SOC acquisition portion, 73 method 8230and a temperature sensor.

Claims (5)

1. An air-conditioning device for a vehicle,
a vehicle equipped with a battery for supplying power to a motor includes:
a heating circuit for circulating a heating medium; and
a refrigeration cycle circuit for circulating a heating medium for air conditioning in order to condition air in a vehicle compartment,
the air conditioning device for a vehicle is characterized in that,
the heating circuit includes:
a heater for heating the heating medium;
a heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the air conditioning heat medium in the refrigeration cycle; and
a radiator provided in parallel with the heat exchanger and exchanging heat with external air,
the vehicle air conditioner includes a circuit switching control unit that switches a circuit according to a remaining capacity of the battery that is regeneratively charged while the vehicle is running,
the circuit switching control unit operates the heater to circulate the heated heating medium to either the heat exchanger or the radiator in accordance with operation of the refrigeration cycle circuit when a remaining capacity of the battery that is regeneratively charged while the vehicle is running is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value.
2. An air conditioning device for a vehicle according to claim 1,
the circuit switching control unit circulates the heated heating medium to the heat exchanger when the refrigeration cycle circuit performs heating, and circulates the heated heating medium to the radiator when the refrigeration cycle circuit performs cooling.
3. The air conditioning device for a vehicle according to claim 2,
the circuit switching controller may circulate the heated heating medium to the radiator when the operation of the refrigeration cycle circuit is heating and the temperature of the heating medium passing through the heat exchanger is equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold value.
4. The vehicular air-conditioning apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
the heating circuit is a circuit that circulates the heating medium to assist in heating the refrigeration cycle circuit.
5. The vehicular air-conditioning apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
comprises electric equipment which is mounted on a vehicle and needs heating,
the heating circuit is a circuit that circulates the heating medium to heat the electric power equipment.
CN202180020507.1A 2020-03-27 2021-02-19 Air conditioner for vehicle Pending CN115335245A (en)

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JP2020-058006 2020-03-27
JP2020058006A JP7431637B2 (en) 2020-03-27 2020-03-27 Vehicle air conditioner
PCT/JP2021/006339 WO2021192761A1 (en) 2020-03-27 2021-02-19 Vehicle air conditioner

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WO (1) WO2021192761A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2023075845A (en) * 2021-11-19 2023-05-31 サンデン株式会社 Vehicular air-conditioner

Family Cites Families (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6056789B2 (en) 2014-02-26 2017-01-11 株式会社デンソー Electric vehicle regenerative braking control device
JP6351301B2 (en) 2014-02-27 2018-07-04 ダイハツ工業株式会社 Vehicle control device
JP6596774B2 (en) 2017-12-28 2019-10-30 本田技研工業株式会社 Vehicle with electric motor

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