KR102523560B1 - 리튬 함유 폐액으로부터 탄산리튬을 제조하는 방법 - Google Patents
리튬 함유 폐액으로부터 탄산리튬을 제조하는 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- KR102523560B1 KR102523560B1 KR1020210099315A KR20210099315A KR102523560B1 KR 102523560 B1 KR102523560 B1 KR 102523560B1 KR 1020210099315 A KR1020210099315 A KR 1020210099315A KR 20210099315 A KR20210099315 A KR 20210099315A KR 102523560 B1 KR102523560 B1 KR 102523560B1
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- lithium
- carbonate
- aqueous solution
- waste liquid
- lithium carbonate
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- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000527 sonication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 4
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002354 inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 4
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000625 lithium cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)cobalt Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Co]=O BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003548 Li(Ni,Co,Mn)O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010707 LiFePO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910014689 LiMnO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000572 Lithium Nickel Cobalt Manganese Oxide (NCM) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FBDMTTNVIIVBKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[Mn+2].[Co+2].[Ni+2].[Li+] Chemical compound [O-2].[Mn+2].[Co+2].[Ni+2].[Li+] FBDMTTNVIIVBKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium carbonate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]C([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HHSPVTKDOHQBKF-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium;magnesium;dicarbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O HHSPVTKDOHQBKF-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013401 experimental design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hcl hcl Chemical compound Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002642 lithium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910002102 lithium manganese oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VLXXBCXTUVRROQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido-oxo-(oxomanganiooxy)manganese Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Mn](=O)O[Mn]=O VLXXBCXTUVRROQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000011118 potassium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- -1 preferably Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005297 pyrex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B26/00—Obtaining alkali, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- C22B26/10—Obtaining alkali metals
- C22B26/12—Obtaining lithium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01D—COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM
- C01D15/00—Lithium compounds
- C01D15/08—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
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- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/005—Preliminary treatment of scrap
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- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/04—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
- C22B3/06—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching in inorganic acid solutions, e.g. with acids generated in situ; in inorganic salt solutions other than ammonium salt solutions
- C22B3/08—Sulfuric acid, other sulfurated acids or salts thereof
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- C22B3/06—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching in inorganic acid solutions, e.g. with acids generated in situ; in inorganic salt solutions other than ammonium salt solutions
- C22B3/10—Hydrochloric acid, other halogenated acids or salts thereof
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Abstract
본 발명에 따른 리튬 함유 폐액으로부터 탄산리튬을 제조하는 방법은 리튬함유폐액의 pH를 제어하여 불순물을 침전 및 여과시켜 제거하는 불순물 제거단계(S100);와 불순물이 제거된 리튬함유폐액에 염산을 첨가하여 염화리튬 수용액을 제조하는 염화리튬 수용액 제조단계(S200);와 상기 염화리튬 수용액을 증발농축시키는 증발농축단계(S300);와 증발농축된 염화리튬 수용액에 탄산나트륨 또는 이산화탄소를 첨가하고 초음파 처리를 통해 탄산리튬을 합성하는 합성단계(S400)를 포함한다.
Description
도 2는 본 발명에 따른 리튬 함유 폐액으로부터 탄산리튬을 제조하는 방법의 합성단계(S400) 다른 실시예.
구 분 | |||||
Li | Al | Fe | Cu | Na | S |
2,532 | 210 | 310 | 152 | 5,110 | 72 |
단위: mg/L |
구 분 | |||||
Li | Al | Fe | Cu | Na | S |
2,529 | ND | ND | ND | 5,520 | 72 |
단위: mg/L |
구 분 | |||||
Li | Al | Fe | Cu | Na | S |
8,015 | ND | ND | ND | 17,230 | 225 |
단위: mg/L |
실험조건 | 염화리튬액량 (ml) |
농도 (ppm) |
리튬함량 (g) |
이론수득량 (g) |
실제수득량 (g) |
회수율 (%) |
초음파 | 500 | 8,015 | 4.01 | 21.33 | 19.40 | 90.9 |
종래 | 500 | 8,015 | 4.01 | 21.33 | 15.10 | 70.8 |
실험조건 | Li2CO3 (%) |
As Li (%) |
Al (mg/L) |
Fe (mg/L) |
Cu (mg/L) |
Na (mg/L) |
S (mg/L) |
초음파 | 99.16 | 18.63 | ND | ND | ND | 9,120 | 150 |
종래 | 97.14 | 18.25 | ND | ND | ND | 20,150 | 218 |
구 분 | 탄산리튬석출 이론량(kg) |
실제수득량 (kg) |
회수율 (%) |
||
비교예 1 | 보조 반응조→주 반응조 | 초음파 인가 off | 426 | 345 | 81 |
실시예 1 | 보조 반응조→주 반응조 | 초음파 인가 on | 426 | 405 | 95 |
비교예 2 | 주 반응조 | 초음파 인가 off | 426 | 256 | 60 |
실시예 2 | 주 반응조 | 초음파 인가 on | 426 | 388 | 91 |
100 : 주 반응조
10 : 초음파 발생장치
Claims (4)
- 리튬함유폐액에 pH 9 내지 13을 갖도록 알칼리 화합물을 첨가하여 불순물을 침전 및 여과시켜 제거하는 불순물 제거단계(S100);와
불순물이 제거된 리튬함유폐액에 염산을 첨가하여 염화리튬 수용액을 제조하는 염화리튬 수용액 제조단계(S200);와
상기 염화리튬 수용액을 증발농축시키는 증발농축단계(S300);와
증발농축된 염화리튬 수용액에 탄산나트륨 또는 이산화탄소를 첨가하고 초음파 처리를 통해 탄산리튬을 합성하는 합성단계(S400)를 포함하며,
상기 합성단계(S400)는
보조 반응조에서 증발농축된 염화리튬 수용액에 탄산나트륨 또는 이산화탄소를 첨가 및 초음파를 처리를 통해 탄산리튬결정을 포함하는 반응물을 형성하며,
상기 반응물을 증발농축된 염화리튬 수용액이 수용된 주 반응조에 투입하고, 상기 주 반응조에서 탄산나트륨 또는 이산화탄소를 첨가 및 초음파 처리를 통해 탄산리튬을 합성하고,
상기 보조 반응조에서 주 반응조로 주입되는 반응물은 주 반응조 내 수용액의 리튬 또는 탄산리튬의 농도구배가 기설정된 농도구배 범위를 벗어나는 경우 주입량을 달리하여 공급되는 것을 특징으로 하는
리튬 함유 폐액으로부터 탄산리튬을 제조하는 방법.
- 제 1항에 있어서,
상기 합성단계(S400)는
증발농축된 염화리튬 수용액 100중량부에 대하여, 탄산나트륨 10 내지 30 중량부를 첨가하는 것을 특징으로 하는
리튬 함유 폐액으로부터 탄산리튬을 제조하는 방법.
- 제 1항에 있어서,
상기 합성단계(S400)는
주파수 15 내지 90kHz, 출력 1 내지 300 W/L 의 초음파를 가하는 것을 특징으로 하는
리튬 함유 폐액으로부터 탄산리튬을 제조하는 방법.
- 제 1항에 있어서,
상기 합성단계(S400) 이후에
탄산리튬 고형물을 분리하여 120 내지 350 ℃의 온도에서 건조하는 건조단계(S500)를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는
리튬 함유 폐액으로부터 탄산리튬을 제조하는 방법.
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