KR102496859B1 - Collet chuck - Google Patents

Abstract

Regarding the collet chuck,
a hollow rotary spindle; An operating space is provided at the center of the rear end, a collet operating protrusion is provided at the center of the front end, and a fixed base fixed to the front end of the rotating spindle; A chucking base in which a supporting portion having a small outer diameter is integrally provided at the front end of a fixing portion having a large outer diameter, and is fixed to the front end of the fixing base; A collet installed inside the chucking base to be movable in left and right directions; A chucking support member installed to be movable in the left and right directions inside the operating space of the fixed base and integrally connected to the chucking base; A chucking spring installed between the chucking support member and the fixing base and elastically supporting the chucking support member and the collet; Through a technical configuration including; an unchucking operating cylinder installed inside the rotating spindle
It is possible to chuck and unchuck the workpiece more conveniently, to minimize deformation or damage to the workpiece with a thin thickness or low strength during the chucking and unchucking process, and to set the chucking pressure very easily. And, it is possible to efficiently respond to the increase or decrease in the inner diameter of the workpiece, which is a chucking object.

Description

Collet Chuck {COLLET CHUCK}

The present invention relates to a collet chuck, and more particularly, enables a workpiece to be chucked simply and firmly through a collet elastically supported through a chucking spring, thereby minimizing deformation or damage of a workpiece having a thin thickness or low strength. It's about what made it happen.

In general, a collet chuck that fixes and rotates a workpiece or tool is a mechanical type that generates a fixing force on the workpiece by tightening the collet by the screw fastening force when the nut coupled to the collet body is fastened. Mainly used.

The mechanical collet chuck has the disadvantage of cumbersome chucking and unchucking because the operator has to tighten or loosen the nut, but since it can fix the workpiece with a strong pressing force, it is generally applied to fixing metal materials with high material strength. .

Accordingly, a number of collet chucks capable of automatically chucking and unchucking a workpiece using vacuum force, hydraulic pressure, or pneumatic pressure have been proposed.

The collet chuck using vacuum force can minimize deformation of the workpiece during the chucking and unchucking process, but due to the low clamping force generated from the vacuum force, workpieces with a small cross-section diameter, workpieces with a length longer than the diameter, and cross-sectional shapes are not uniform. It is difficult to apply in the case of unprepared workpieces, and when applied, the possibility that the workpiece may be separated during processing is very high.

Patent Document 1 below includes a collet chuck body having a vacuum cylinder; A piston formed to be movable in an axial direction according to the degree of vacuum of the vacuum cylinder; a fastening ring bound to the piston and movable in an axial direction along an outer surface of the collet chuck body; A collet chuck for processing using vacuum force including a collet formed to fix a workpiece by being tightened in a radial direction by movement of a tightening ring is disclosed.

Since the collet chuck of Patent Document 1 generates the clamping force of the collet that fixes the workpiece with vacuum force, it is possible to fix the workpiece with a constant force, and accordingly, the excessive clamping force of the collet is fundamentally blocked so that there is no fear of deformation or damage of the workpiece. It is possible to improve machining safety and machining precision by preventing breakaway phenomenon caused by damage to heavy workpieces.

Patent Document 2 below has a front surface provided with a through hole, and a spindle cap coupled to the front end of a spindle installed on a headstock of a CNC lathe; A chuck sleeve positioned inside the spindle to perform linear motion in the forward and backward directions, provided to rotate together when the spindle rotates, and having a built-in compression coil spring; A collet chuck having a rear end pushed forward by a compression coil spring, a front end passing through a through hole of the spindle cap, and a step caught on the front end of the spindle cap, and holding and releasing a workpiece when the chuck sleeve moves forward and backward; And while maintaining a state in contact with the rear end of the workpiece held by the fixed block coupled to the cutting oil supply pipe inside the spindle and the collet chuck, it is coupled to the fixed block to rotate with the workpiece to spray the cutting oil passing through the fixed block into the inside of the workpiece A cutting oil spray nozzle including a rotating block; A workpiece chucking device for a CNC lathe including a cutting oil spray nozzle is disclosed.

Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-1224859 (registered on January 16, 2013) Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-1620327 (registered on May 04, 2016)

The collet chuck according to the prior art, including Patent Documents 1 and 2, has a lot of required parts, so manufacturing is cumbersome, and in the case of a workpiece with a thin thickness or low strength, deformation of the workpiece is caused during the chucking or unchucking process, or the fixing force is not good. There was a problem that there was a high risk of separation of the workpiece during processing or other work processes.

In addition, the collet chuck according to the prior art has a problem in that it is difficult to set the chucking pressure for the workpiece and cannot efficiently cope with it because a large number of parts must be replaced when the diameter of the object to be chucked is changed.

The present invention is to solve the problems of the collet chuck according to the prior art, the object of which is a collet that can easily and firmly chuck and unchuck a workpiece with a small number of parts while minimizing deformation or damage to the workpiece. It is to provide a chuck.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a collet chuck that can easily set the chucking pressing force acting on a workpiece and can respond efficiently by replacing only a small number of parts when the diameter of a workpiece, which is a chucking target, changes. it is to do

In order to achieve the above object, the collet chuck according to the present invention includes a hollow rotary spindle; An operating space is provided at the center of the rear end, a collet operating protrusion is provided at the center of the front end, and a fixed base fixed to the front end of the rotating spindle; A chucking base in which a supporting portion having a small outer diameter is integrally provided at the front end of a fixing portion having a large outer diameter, and is fixed to the front end of the fixing base; A collet installed inside the chucking base to be movable in left and right directions; A chucking support member installed to be movable in the left and right directions inside the operating space of the fixed base and integrally connected to the chucking base; A chucking spring installed between the chucking support member and the fixing base and elastically supporting the chucking support member and the collet; It is characterized in that it includes; an unchucking operating cylinder installed inside the rotating spindle.

In the collet chuck according to the present invention, the collet has a form in which a connecting pipe is provided between the chucking head 141 at the front end and the connection flange at the rear end, and the collet operating protrusion of the fixing base penetrates the center of the connection flange of the collet. Through-holes are formed, and through a plurality of radially formed slits, close-inclination holes are formed at the center of the divided chucking head to correspond to the operation slopes provided at the tip of the collet operation protrusion.

In the collet chuck according to the present invention, a plurality of transfer guides penetrating the fixing base are radially provided between the front end of the chucking support member and the rear end of the connection flange portion of the collet, and the connection flange portion of the chucking support member and the collet separates each transfer guide. It is characterized in that it is fastened with a penetrating fastening bolt and integrated.

The collet chuck according to the present invention is characterized in that a pressing member spaced apart from the chucking support member is provided at the front end of the operating rod of the unchucking operating cylinder entering the inside of the operating space of the fixed base.

The collet chuck according to the present invention is characterized in that the unchucking operating cylinder is a hydraulic cylinder.

According to the collet chuck according to the present invention, it is possible to simply and firmly chuck the workpiece through the elastic force of the chucking spring, and minimize deformation or damage to the workpiece having a thin thickness or low strength during the chucking and unchucking of the workpiece You will be able to do it.

According to the collet chuck according to the present invention, it is possible to set the chucking pressure very easily by selectively using the chucking spring.

According to the collet jaw according to the present invention, it is possible to easily manufacture with a relatively small number of required parts, thereby reducing the cost, and replacing only some parts of the chucking base and the collet when the inner diameter of the workpiece to be chucked increases or decreases. This makes it possible to efficiently respond to changes in the inner diameter of the workpiece.

1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a main part of a collet chuck according to the present invention;
2 is an exploded cross-sectional view of the main part of the collet chuck according to the present invention;
3a to 3d are cross-sectional views showing processes of chucking and unchucking a workpiece of the collet chuck according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, a collet chuck according to the present invention will be described in detail based on the accompanying drawings. For reference, the size of components, the thickness of lines, etc. shown in the drawings referred to in describing the present invention may be somewhat exaggerated for convenience of understanding.

In addition, the terms used in the description of the present invention are defined in consideration of the functions in the present invention, and may vary depending on the user, operator's intention, convention, and the like. Therefore, the definition of this term deserves to be made based on the contents throughout this specification.

And in this application, terms such as 'include' and 'have' refer to the existence of a specific number, step, operation, component, part, or combination thereof described in the specification, but one or more other It should be understood that the presence or addition of features, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof is not precluded.

In addition, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below, but will be implemented in a variety of different forms, and only this embodiment makes the disclosure of the present invention complete, and the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. It is provided for complete information.

Therefore, since the present invention can have various changes and various forms, implementation examples (態樣, aspects) (or embodiments) will be described in detail in the specification. However, this is not intended to limit the present invention to a specific disclosed form, and it should be understood to include all changes, equivalents, and substitutes included in the technical spirit of the present invention, and the singular expression used in this specification is clearly different from the context. Include plural expressions unless otherwise indicated.

However, in describing the present invention, detailed descriptions of known or known functions or configurations will be omitted to clarify the gist of the present invention.

Hereinafter, "upward", "downward", "front" and "rearward" and other directional terms are defined based on the state shown in the drawings.

1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a main part of a collet chuck according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an exploded cross-sectional view of a main part of the collet chuck according to the present invention.

The collet chuck 100 according to the present invention includes a rotating spindle 110, a fixed base 120, a chucking base 130, a collet 140, a chucking support member 150, a chucking spring 160, and an unchucking operating cylinder. (170).

The rotation spindle 110 is a rotating part connected to a rotation drive motor (not shown), and has a hollow shape so that an operation rod 171 of an operation cylinder 170 to be described later can be inserted therein.

The fixed base 120 is a part that supports the chucking base 130 and is fixedly installed at the front end of the rotating spindle 110 .

The front end of the rotating spindle 110 means the side where the fixing base 120 and the chucking base 130 are installed.

An operating space 121 is provided from the end surface of the rear end of the fixed base 120 to the center, and a collet operating protrusion 122 is provided at the center of the front end.

The collet actuating protrusion 122 has a shape in which an actuating inclined surface 122a whose diameter decreases toward the distal end is provided on the outer circumference of the distal end.

The chucking base 130 is a part that supports the workpiece and is fixedly installed at the front end of the fixing base 120 .

The chucking base 130 has a hollow tube shape, and has a shape in which a supporting portion 132 having a small outer diameter is integrally provided at the front end of a fixing portion 131 having a large outer diameter.

The collet 140 is a part that presses and fixes the inner circumferential surface of the workpiece P, and is installed inside the chucking base 130 to be movable in the left and right directions.

The collet 140 has a shape in which a connecting pipe 142 is provided between the chucking head 141 at the front end and the connection flange 143 at the rear end, and the aforementioned fixing base 120 is provided inside the collet 140. The collet actuation protrusion 122 of is inserted.

A through hole 143a through which the collet operating protrusion 122 of the fixed base 120 passes is formed in the center of the connection flange portion 143 of the collet 140, and the chucking head portion 141 from the connection pipe portion 142 is formed. At the center of the chucking head portion 141 divided into a number through a plurality of slits formed radially up to , a contact inclined hole 141a corresponding to the operating inclined surface 122a of the collet operating protrusion 122 is formed.

The chucking support member 150 is a part that supports the collet 140 and is installed inside the operating space 121 of the fixed base 120 to be movable in the left and right directions.

Between the front end of the chucking support member 150 and the rear end of the connection flange 143 of the collet 140, a plurality of transfer guides 151 penetrating the fixed base 120 are radially provided, and the chucking support member 150 ) and the connection flange portion 143 of the collet 140 are integrated by fastening with fastening bolts 152 penetrating each transfer guide 151.

The chucking spring 160 is a part that applies elastic force to the collet 140 and the chucking support member 150 to chuck the workpiece P, and is interposed between the chucking support member 150 and the fixing base 120. It is installed, but the chucking spring 160 for elastically supporting the chucking support member 150 and the collet 140 at the central axis position is positioned.

The chucking spring 160 is installed between the front end surface of the chucking support member 150 and the inner front surface of the working space 121 of the fixed base 120 to elastically support the chucking support member 150 and the collet 140. Accordingly, an elastic force in the opposite direction to the collet operating protrusion 122 of the fixing base 120 acts on the chucking support member 150 and the collet 140 .

The unchucking actuating cylinder 170 is a part that unchucks the workpiece P by pressing and moving the chucking support member 150 and the collet 140 toward the collet actuating protrusion 122 of the fixing base 120, and the rotating spindle ( 110) is installed inside.

A pressing member 172 spaced apart from the chucking support member 150 is provided at the front end of the operating rod 171 of the unchucking operating cylinder 170 entering the inside of the operating space 121 of the fixed base 120. .

The unchucking actuating cylinder 170 may use a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder, or any other type of cylinder that is predictable.

3A to 3D are cross-sectional views showing processes of chucking and unchucking a workpiece of the collet chuck according to the present invention.

The collet chuck 100 according to the present invention easily and firmly chucks the workpiece P through the elastic force of the chucking spring 160. The process of chucking is described as follows.

Before chucking the workpiece P in the collet chuck 100 according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3A, the chucking support member 150 and the collet 140, on which the elastic force acts, move the chucking spring 160 toward the fixing base 120. It is in a moved state, and accordingly, the close inclined hole 141a of the chucking head part 141 of the collet 140 is toward the rear end of the operating inclined surface 122a of the collet operating protrusion 122 of the fixed base 120. position, the outer diameter of the chucking head part 141 of the collet 140 becomes the largest.

As shown in FIG. 3A, when the chucking spring 160 is extended by a predetermined length in the state where the chucking support member 150 and the collet 140 are moved toward the fixed base 120 by the elastic force, The pressing member 172 provided at the front end of the operating rod 171 of the unchucking operating cylinder 170 presses the chucking support member 150, and accordingly, the chucking spring 160 is compressed as shown in FIG. 3B to support chucking. The member 150 and the collet 140 move toward the front end of the chucking base 130 .

As shown in FIG. 3B, when the collet 140 moves toward the front end of the chucking base 130, the protruding length of the collet 140 becomes longer, and the close-inclined hole 141a of the chucking head 141 of the collet 140 is fixed. Since the collet operating protrusion 122 of the base 120 moves toward the front end of the operating inclined surface 122a, the outer diameter of the chucking head 141 of the collet 140 is reduced.

As shown in FIG. 3B, the workpiece P is inserted into the chucking head 141 of the collet 140 in a reduced diameter state, and the rear end of the workpiece P is in close contact with the front end surface of the chucking base 130. When the chucking actuating cylinder 170 is contracted and actuated, the actuating rod 171 of the actuating cylinder 170 and the pressing member 172 provided at the front end of the actuating cylinder 170 retreat to their original positions, and the pressing member 172 moves the chucking support member 150 ), and as the chucking spring 160, which has been compressed as shown in FIG. 3C, is extended, the chucking support member 150 and the collet 140 move to the opposite side of the collet operating protrusion 122 of the fixed base 120. will do

As shown in FIG. 3C, as the protruding length of the collet 140 is shortened, the close contact inclined hole 141a of the chucking head 141 of the collet 140 is formed on the operating inclined surface of the collet operating protrusion 122 of the fixed base 120 ( In the process of moving toward the rear end of 122a), the outer diameter of the chucking head 141 of the collet 140 is gradually enlarged, and the outer circumferential surface of the chucking head 141 of the collet 140 presses the inner circumferential surface of the workpiece P in close contact. Accordingly, the workpiece P is firmly chucked to the collet 140.

As shown in FIG. 3C, when the workpiece P is chucked and the workpiece P is to be processed, inspected, or measured, and then the workpiece P is to be retrieved, the unchucking operating cylinder 170 3d, the operating rod 171 of the unchucking operating cylinder 170 and the pressing member 172 provided at the front end thereof move toward the chucking support member 150 to press the chucking support member 150. Then, as the chucking spring 160 is compressed, the chucking support member 150 and the collet 140 move toward the front end of the chucking base 130.

As shown in FIG. 3D, when the collet 140 moves toward the front end of the chucking base 130, the protruding length of the collet 140 becomes longer. ) moves toward the front end of the operating inclined surface 122a of the collet operating protrusion 122 of the fixed base 120, so the outer diameter of the chucking head 141 of the collet 140 is gradually reduced, and accordingly, the collet 140 Since the outer circumferential surface of the chucking head 141 is separated from the inner circumferential surface of the workpiece P, the workpiece P can be separated from the collet 140.

In the state in which the workpiece (P) that has been worked is separated from the collet 140, another workpiece (P) to be newly worked is inserted into the chucking head part 141 of the collet 140 having a reduced diameter, and then the unchucking operation cylinder ( 170 is contracted, the elastic force of the chucking spring 160 makes it possible to firmly chuck another workpiece P to be newly worked into the collet 140.

The collet chuck 100 according to the present invention easily and firmly chucks a workpiece P through the elastic force of the chucking spring 160 that elastically supports the chucking support member 150 and the collet 140, the chucking process And during the unchucking process, it is possible to minimize deformation or damage of the workpiece P having a thin thickness or low strength.

The collet chuck 100 according to the present invention has a type in which the chucking pressing force increases or decreases according to the increase or decrease of the elastic force of the chucking spring 160, and accordingly, when a desirable chucking pressing force is to be set, the chucking spring 160 having an elastic force corresponding thereto ), it is possible to set the chucking pressure very easily.

The collet jaw 110 according to the present invention can be easily configured with a relatively small number of required parts, and chucking without replacing all parts when the inner diameter of the workpiece P to be chucked increases or decreases within a certain range. By replacing only some parts of the base 130 and the collet 140, it is possible to efficiently respond to the increase or decrease in the inner diameter of the workpiece P.

Although the invention made by the present inventors has been specifically described according to the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and can be changed in various ways without departing from the gist of the invention.

100: collet chuck
110: rotating spindle
120: fixed base
122: collet operating protrusion
130: chucking base
140: collet
150: chucking support member
160: chucking spring
170: unchucking operating cylinder

Claims (5)

A hollow rotary spindle 110;
A fixed base 120 provided with an operating space 121 from the end face of the rear end to the center, a collet operating protrusion 122 provided at the center of the front end, and fixed to the front end of the rotating spindle 110;
A chucking base 130 in which a supporting portion 132 having a small outer diameter is integrally provided at the front end of the fixing portion 131 having a large outer diameter, and fixedly installed to the front end of the fixing base 120;
A collet 140 installed inside the chucking base 130 to be movable in the left and right directions;
A chucking support member 150 that is movably installed in the operation space 121 of the fixed base 120 and is integrally connected to the chucking base 130 in the left and right directions;
A chucking spring 160 installed between the chucking support member 150 and the fixing base 120 and elastically supporting the chucking support member 150 and the collet 140 at the central axis position;
Including; an unchucking operation cylinder 170 installed inside the rotating spindle 110;
The collet 140 has a connecting pipe portion 142 provided between the chucking head portion 141 at the front end and the connection flange portion 143 at the rear end,
A through hole 143a through which the collet operating protrusion 122 of the fixing base 120 passes is formed at the center of the connection flange portion 143 of the collet 140, and the chucking head portion 141 from the connection pipe portion 142 A contact inclined hole 141a corresponding to the operating inclined surface 122a provided at the front end of the collet operating protrusion 122 is formed at the center of the chucking head portion 141 divided into a plurality through a plurality of slits radially formed to ,
Between the front end of the chucking support member 150 and the rear end of the connection flange 143 of the collet 140, a plurality of transfer guides 151 penetrating the fixed base 120 are radially provided, and the chucking support member 150 ) And the connection flange portion 143 of the collet 140 are integrated by fastening with fastening bolts 152 penetrating each transfer guide 151,
A pressing member 172 spaced apart from the chucking support member 150 is provided at the front end of the operating rod 171 of the unchucking operating cylinder 170 entering the inside of the operating space 121 of the fixed base 120, During unchucking, the pressing member 172 faces the chucking support member 150 and presses the chucking support member 150 and the collet 140 toward the front end of the chucking base 130, and during chucking, the operating cylinder 170 This contraction moves the chucking support member 150 and the collet 140 toward the rear end of the chucking base 130, while the pressing member 172 moves away from the chucking support member 150,
The unchucking operating cylinder 170 is a collet chuck, characterized in that the hydraulic cylinder. delete delete delete delete

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