KR101224859B1 - Vacuum collet chuck and processing apparatus having the same - Google Patents

Abstract

A collet chuck for fixing a workpiece for work is disclosed. Collet chuck for processing related to the present invention, the collet chuck body is formed vacuum cylinder; A piston movably formed in an axial direction according to the degree of vacuum of the vacuum cylinder; A tightening ring that is constrained to the piston and is formed to be axially movable along an outer surface of the collet chuck body; And a collet formed to fix the workpiece by being tightened in the radial direction by the movement of the tightening ring. Since the tightening force of the collet for fixing the workpiece is basically obtained from the vacuum force, the workpiece can be fixed with a constant force at all times. Therefore, by blocking the excessive tightening force of the collet inherently, there is no fear of deformation or breakage of the workpiece to prevent the phenomena caused by the breakage of the workpiece during machining can improve the processing safety and processing precision. Excessive deformation of the workpiece that can occur in the mechanical collet chuck fixing method can be solved by adjusting the collet chuck tightening force by the fine adjustment of the vacuum force. The workpiece is installed inside the collet chuck and the vacuum force is converted into the mechanical tightening force of the collet chuck to fix the workpiece, thereby preventing the workpiece from falling off due to the lack of fixing force.

Description

Processing collet chuck using vacuum force and processing apparatus including the same {VACUUM COLLET CHUCK AND PROCESSING APPARATUS HAVING THE SAME}

The present invention relates to a collet chuck for holding a workpiece for processing.

To machine a workpiece, a clamping force is required to fix the workpiece from the cutting force applied. As a representative method of fixing the workpiece during machining, when the nut 3 coupled to the collet body 2 is fastened as shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, the collet 4 is tightened by the screw tightening force to the workpiece. As a method of generating a fixing force, it is generally applied to fixing a metal material having high material strength.

When the workpiece fixing method is applied to the metal material by the mechanical collet chuck 1, the metal material has high strength, so that no deformation occurs or a slight deformation occurs. On the other hand, when the mechanical collet chuck is applied to fixing a low strength material such as a polymer material, a lot of deformation occurs due to the low material strength compared to the metal material, and there is a possibility that the material may be damaged in severe cases. Therefore, the case of fixing the polymer material with a mechanical collet chuck is very limited.

Another method of securing workpieces to process low strength materials is to use vacuum forces. The fixing method using the vacuum force is a method of fixing by applying a vacuum force to the cross section of the workpiece to be fixed. The larger the cross-sectional area or the higher the degree of vacuum, the larger the fixing force can be applied to the workpiece. It is widely applied to relatively light weight polymer materials. The use of a vacuum method on low-strength materials minimizes the occurrence of deformation, but due to the low holding force generated from the vacuum force, workpieces with smaller cross-sectional diameters, longer workpieces than diameters, and workpieces with non-uniform cross-sectional shapes It is difficult to apply in the case of, and there is a high possibility that the workpiece can be released during machining.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object thereof is to provide a collet chuck for machining using a vacuum force that overcomes existing limitations and increases machining precision and safety in a method of fixing a workpiece.

In order to solve the above problems, the processing collet chuck according to the present invention, the vacuum cylinder is formed collet chuck body (11); A piston 17 formed to be movable in the axial direction according to the degree of vacuum of the vacuum cylinder; A tightening ring (12) which is constrained to the piston and is formed to be axially movable along an outer surface of the collet chuck body; And a collet 14 formed to fix the workpiece by being tightened in the radial direction by the movement of the tightening ring.

The vacuum degree of the vacuum cylinder may be formed to be adjustable to adjust the fixing force according to the material of the workpiece.

As an example related to the present invention, the workpiece may be applied to low strength materials, such as gunpowder or polymeric materials, which are accompanied by deformation as the fixing force is increased.

The vacuum cylinder is formed to be coupled to the rotary shaft lower structure, the sealing cap 15 may be fastened to the lower portion of the vacuum cylinder.

A through hole 16 may be formed in the sealing cap to remove air in the vacuum cylinder.

A compression spring 19 may be further provided between the bottom surface of the piston and the sealing cap so as to return the piston when the vacuum cylinder is released from the vacuum cylinder.

The upper end of the piston and the tightening ring 12 may be coupled by a pin (13). In this case, the upper end of the collet chuck body 26 may be formed so that the pin can be moved.

As an example related to the present invention, the collet chuck body may further include an adjustment bar 21 to enable adjustment of the reference position of the workpiece. In this case, the outer surface of the lower end of the adjusting rod and the upper inner surface of the collet chuck body may each include a screw thread so as to adjust the reference position by the rotation of the adjusting rod. In addition, the lower end of the adjusting rod 21 is formed with a slot 22 of the horizontal form, the adjustment bolt 23 passing through the slot vertically for fixing the position of the adjusting rod can be fastened.

According to the collet chuck for processing using a vacuum force related to the present invention, since the tightening force of the collet for fixing the workpiece is basically obtained from the vacuum force, the workpiece can be fixed with a constant force at all times regardless of the shape and material of the workpiece. Therefore, by blocking the excessive tightening force of the collet inherently, there is no fear of deformation or breakage of the workpiece to prevent the breakage phenomenon due to the workpiece breakage and deformation during machining can improve the processing safety and processing precision. In particular, when processing a workpiece of a soft material such as high explosives or polymer materials, it is highly useful in minimizing deformation or damage and performing stable work.

In addition, the collet chuck for processing using the vacuum force related to the present invention can solve the problems of the respective methods as a method of combining the conventional mechanical collet chuck method and the method by the vacuum force. In other words, excessive deformation of the workpiece that can occur in the mechanical collet chuck fixing method can be solved by adjusting the collet chuck tightening force by the fine adjustment of the vacuum force, the lack of fixing force by the vacuum force generated in the vacuum force fixing method and thus Workpiece separation phenomenon can be prevented due to lack of fixing force because the workpiece is installed inside the collet chuck and the vacuum force is converted into the mechanical tightening force of the collet chuck to fix the workpiece.

According to an example related to the present invention, by enabling fine control of the vacuum force, it is possible to process suitable for a variety of materials or shapes. For example, tapered and curved workpieces and workpieces with irregular cross-sectional shapes can be fixed with a constant tightening force.

According to an example related to the present invention, when the vacuum is removed, the piston 17 is raised by the compression spring, so that the workpiece is easily separated.

In addition, according to an example related to the present invention, by providing the adjusting rod 21, it is possible to constantly manage the fixed position for each workpiece.

The collet chuck related to the present invention is applicable to general metal materials in addition to gunpowder and polymer materials.

1 is a front view of a processing collet chuck according to the prior art
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view AA of the collet chuck according to the prior art of Figure 1
3 is a perspective view of the collet chuck of FIG.
Figure 4 is a front view of the processing collet chuck using a vacuum force related to the present invention
5 is an exploded perspective view of the collet chuck for processing using the vacuum force of FIG.
6 is a sectional view BB of the collet chuck for processing using the vacuum force of FIG.
7 is a front view showing a state in which the work collet chuck using the vacuum force of FIG.
Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of the front view showing the collet chuck for processing using the vacuum force of Figure 7 installed on the rotary face plate of the processing equipment and the workpiece is fixed to the collet chuck

Hereinafter, a collet chuck for processing using a vacuum force related to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 4 is a front view of the processing collet chuck using a vacuum force associated with the present invention, Figure 5 is an exploded perspective view of Figure 4, the collet chuck, Figure 6 is a B-B cross-sectional view of the processing collet chuck using the vacuum force of FIG.

As shown in these figures, the collet chuck 10 of the present illustration includes a collet body 11 equipped with a vacuum cylinder 11a. The vacuum cylinder 11a is formed to be coupled to the rotary shaft lower structure 40, and the sealing cap 15 having the through hole 16 is fastened to the lower end of the vacuum cylinder 11a.

Inside the vacuum cylinder (11a) is provided with a piston 17 which can be moved in the axial direction by the vacuum force generated as the air is removed through the through-hole 16. O-ring 18 is installed on the outer surface of the piston 17 for the sealing action of the piston 17 during the movement. Therefore, when the air between the sealing cap 15 and the piston 17 is removed, the piston 17 moves downward. The compression spring 19 may be provided between the piston 17 and the sealing cap 15 so that the piston 17 returns to the upper position upon release of the vacuum.

The upper end of the collet body 11 is assembled with a tightening ring 12, collet 14, the adjusting rod 21 and the like. Hereinafter, these structures and actions will be described in order.

The tightening ring 12 is formed to enclose the upper end of the collet body 11 and is formed to be axially moved along the outer surface of the upper end of the collet body 11. The inner surface of the upper end of the tightening ring 12 includes an inclined surface to tighten the collet 14 in the process of moving the tightening ring 12 downward.

The tightening ring 12 is connected to the piston 17 by a pin 13 so that the movement of the tightening ring 12 can be controlled by the vacuum force generated in the vacuum cylinder 11a and the piston 17. The long hole 26 for guiding the movement of the pin 13 is formed in the collet body 11 so that the movement of the tightening ring 12 is not limited. Accordingly, the fastening ring 12 can also be moved in the axial direction by the movement of the piston 17.

The collet 14 is formed to be tightened in the radial direction by the downward movement of the tightening ring 12. To this end, the collet 14 includes a plurality of radially formed slots 24, and the opening hole 25 is formed at the end of each slot 24 to facilitate deformation. The outer surface of the collet 14 is tapered to receive radial force from the tightening ring while the tightening ring 12 moves downward.

The adjusting rod 21 is formed to adjust the fixed position of the workpiece to be fixed by the collet 14. That is, the upper surface of the adjustment bar 21 is a position where the workpiece is in contact, the lower portion of the adjustment bar 21 is formed to be able to adjust the position by the rotation with respect to the collet body (11). To this end, the outer surface of the lower end of the adjusting rod 21 and the inner surface of the upper end of the collet body 11 are each formed with a thread. In the state in which the adjusting rod 21 is set at a specific position in the collet body 11, the lower end of the adjusting rod 21 may have a slot 22 having a horizontal shape so that the adjusting rod 21 is not arbitrarily rotated. The upper and lower portions of the adjusting rod 21 around the slot 22 are fastened by the adjusting bolt 23. Tightening the adjusting bolt 23 provides a powerful friction force to the thread formed on the outer surface of the adjusting rod 21, the adjusting rod 21 is limited in rotation.

A compression spring 19 may be provided between the piston 17 and the sealing cap 15 so that the piston 17 can be returned to its original position when the vacuum is removed. However, the compression spring 19 is one example, of course, other forms that can provide a similar elastic force is also possible.

Hereinafter, the operation of the collet chuck by such a configuration will be described. 7 is a front view showing the collet chuck for processing using the vacuum force of Figure 4 installed on the rotary face plate of the processing equipment and the workpiece is fixed to the collet chuck, Figure 8 is a machining collet chuck using the vacuum force of Figure 7 CC sectional view of the front view showing the state where the workpiece is fixed to the collet chuck and installed on the rotating faceplate of the equipment.

As shown in these drawings, the collet chuck for processing using vacuum force is bolted and installed using the T-slot of the face plate and the side hole 28 of the collet body 11 on the rotary face plate 40 of the processing equipment. When the workpiece 30 is placed inside the collet 14 and a vacuum is formed in the vacuum cylinder 11a, the piston 17 is moved downward by the vacuum. The tightening ring 12, which is constrained by the pin 13, is also moved downward with the piston 17, and the collet 14, which is in contact with the tightening ring 12, is deformed in a radial direction to the workpiece 30. Apply a clamping force. At this time, basically the force that the tightening ring 12 is moved in the downward direction and the tightening force of the tightening ring 12 are all derived from the vacuum force of the vacuum cylinder (11a), regardless of the shape of the workpiece 30 While the tightening force corresponding to the vacuum force of the vacuum cylinder 11a is continuously applied, the force for fixing the workpiece does not exceed the vacuum force. Therefore, this feature can be protected from deformation or breakage of the workpiece 30 due to the fixing of the workpiece 30 or the cutting resistance applied to the workpiece 30 while machining the workpiece 30. On the other hand, since the vacuum force of the vacuum cylinder (11a) is finally converted to a mechanical tightening force using a wedge action, the fixing force necessary to secure the workpiece 30 is secured, and the phenomenon that the workpiece is released due to the lack of fixing force can be prevented. have.

The vacuum in the vacuum cylinder 11a is performed by removing air through a space where the through hole 16 of the sealing cap 15 and the hole formed in the shaft center of the rotating face plate and the hole 42 of the rotary joint are connected. . Accordingly, by adjusting the degree of vacuum, processing suited to various materials and shapes is possible.

When the workpiece 30 is applied to the vacuum cylinder 11a while the workpiece 30 is located in the collet 14, the workpiece 30 is automatically positioned on the upper surface of the set adjusting rod 21. That is, the process of deforming the upper end of the collet 14 by the vacuum to be collected in the center direction, while pressing the workpiece 30 fixed to the collet in the center direction, and moves finely in the lower direction. The work piece 30 moved downwards is stopped by contacting the upper surface of the adjusting rod 21 in which the position is fixed. Therefore, in a repetitive and continuous work, the fixed position of each work piece 30 always remains constant. Can be.

When the vacuum is removed, the piston 17 is restored upward by the action of the compression spring 19. As a result, the tightening ring 12 is also moved upwards, and the tightening of the collet 14 pressed by the tightening ring 12 is also released, so that the workpiece 30 is easily separated.

The processing collet chuck using the vacuum force described above is not limited to the configuration and method of the embodiments described. The above embodiments may be configured by selectively combining all or some of the embodiments so that various modifications can be made.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. Accordingly, the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications and improvements using the basic concept of the present invention as defined in the following claims also fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (11)

A collet chuck body having a vacuum cylinder formed thereon;
A piston movably formed in an axial direction according to the degree of vacuum of the vacuum cylinder;
A tightening ring which is constrained to the piston and is formed to surround an outer circumferential surface of the collet chuck so that an outer surface thereof is exposed to the outside and is movable in an axial direction along an outer surface of the collet chuck body and has a predetermined cross section;
A collet disposed in the inner space, formed of a plurality of slits, and having a workpiece disposed at the center of the plurality of slits to fix the workpiece by a force for collecting the plurality of slits; And
A control rod coupled to the collet chuck body to be movable in position and formed to provide a reference position of the workpiece;
The outer surface of the collet is formed in a tapered shape so that the cross section of the collet becomes wider downward along the axial direction.
One end of the tightening ring is formed to be in contact with the outer surface of the collet so that the one end of the tightening ring in the tapered shape of the collet when the tightening ring moves downward along the axial direction in response to the movement of the piston according to the vacuum degree Move downward along the outer surface and the plurality of slits receive the gathering force,
The outer surface of the lower end of the adjusting rod and the upper inner surface of the collet chuck body each include a screw thread so as to adjust the reference position by the rotation of the adjusting rod.
The lower end of the adjusting rod is formed with a slot of the horizontal form, the collet chuck for processing using a vacuum force, characterized in that the adjustment bolt passing through the slot vertically to tighten the width of the slit for fixing the position of the adjusting rod . The method of claim 1,
Collet chuck for processing using a vacuum force, characterized in that the vacuum degree of the vacuum cylinder can be adjusted to adjust the fixing force according to the material of the workpiece. The method of claim 1,
A sealing cap is fastened to the end of the vacuum cylinder,
Collet chuck for processing using a vacuum force, characterized in that the vacuum force is provided from the lower portion of the sealing cap. The method of claim 3,
Collet chuck for processing using a vacuum force, characterized in that the through-hole is formed in the sealing cap to remove the air in the vacuum cylinder. 5. The method of claim 4,
Collet chuck for processing using a vacuum force, characterized in that the compression spring is further provided between the bottom surface of the piston and the sealing cap so as to return the piston when the vacuum release of the vacuum cylinder. The method of claim 1,
Collet chuck for processing using a vacuum force, characterized in that the upper end of the piston and the tightening ring is coupled by a pin. The method according to claim 6,
The upper end of the collet chuck body is processed collet chuck using a vacuum force, characterized in that the long hole is formed so that the pin can move. delete delete delete A processing apparatus comprising the collet chuck of any one of claims 1 to 7.

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