KR102490810B1 - Methods and apparatus for heating and purifying liquids - Google Patents

Abstract

A fluid cavitation device includes a housing, an outer rotor having a cavitation bore on an outer surface, and a motor for rotating the outer rotor. The inner surface of the housing is spaced from the outer surface of the outer rotor to create a fluid cavitation zone. The inner surface of the housing is configured with a spiral tunnel section to improve the heat transfer properties of the fluid to be heated, cooled, and purified. The control system is to facilitate proper motor speed and fluid behavior to enhance the cavitation process.

Description

Methods and apparatus for heating and purifying liquids

The present invention relates to cavitation equipment for producing a heated or cooled liquid, comprising at least one engine, a house, a liquid to be heated, and a cavernous body that rotates within the liquid to be heated and is driven by an external engine. it's about

The phenomenon of cavitation, which produces heat in a liquid such as water, is well known in the art.

An example of a cavitation system that uses a rotating body to create a heated liquid is shown in US Pat. No. 3,720,372 to Jacobs. Other patent literature solutions for generating heat using cavitation were developed in the 1950's, particularly in the United States. A known patent document is US Pat. No. 4,424,797 to Perkins. This patent document was developed as a state-of-the-art version of the solution described in Smith's US Pat. No. 2,683,448. An improvement is also disclosed in US Pat. No. 4,779,575 to Perkins.

Cavitation devices are also disclosed in US Pat. Nos. 5,188,090 and 5,385,298 to Griggs. In these devices, a cylindrical body is placed within the housing of the device, and a cloak is provided with a cavity-like bore. The liquid to be heated is placed in the cylindrical free space between the rotating body with a cavity-like bore and the internal cloak of the housing, the pressure and temperature of the liquid increasing while the cavitation body is rotating. Griggs' patent document is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

Other cavitation devices are disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 6,164,274 to Giebeler, U.S. Patent No. 6,227,193 to Selivanov, and Russian Patent No. 2,262,644. Another approach from a cavitation perspective is disclosed in US Patent Application Publication No. 2010/0154772 to Harris. In this approach, while the rotor rotates, cavitation heat is generated due to the working together of the internal clock of the housing and the helical loop of the rotating rotor. Fabian's WO 2012/164322A1 teaches a similar cavitation device.

The aforementioned prior art systems suffer from a number of disadvantages, including being inefficient and noisy, primarily due to this concept of treating the cavitation process as a two-dimensional process. One object of the present invention is to eliminate the disadvantages and harmful cavitation effects of known solutions in cavitation devices, eliminate destructive forces inside the cavitation process, improve efficiency, and reduce cavitation noise through a three-dimensional vector approach.

One object of the present invention is to produce a sufficiently heated liquid for fluid purification comprising at least one engine, a housing, a liquid to be heated, and one or more cavitational cavitation bodies rotating within the liquid to be heated and driven by the engine. It is intended to provide an alternative method of transferring heat and cavitation devices that do.

The invention includes procedures for operating equipment. The solution according to the present invention uses the generated cavitation bubbles to change the thermal conditions of liquids, primarily water, for water purification, HVAC applications, and other similar processes requiring heat transfer while avoiding the other detrimental and erosive effects of cavitation. We want to remove the feature in our favor.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a device for heating a fluid using cavitation is fixed to a housing having an inlet for the heated fluid and an outlet for discharging the heated fluid from the housing, and a motor shaft, , an external rotor included in the housing and configured to rotate within the housing, the external rotor having a plurality of cavitation bores arranged on an outer surface of the external rotor, the external rotor comprising: disposed within the housing to form a fluid heating zone between an outer surface of the outer rotor and an inner surface of the housing facing the outer surface of the outer rotor, the inner surface of the housing facing the outer surface including the bore of the outer rotor is the inner surface of the housing having a plurality of first funnel sections spaced laterally along the first funnel section, each first funnel section terminating at a first discharge section, each first funnel section including a first ramp, each first funnel section including a first ramp; A first discharge zone is offset from an adjacent first discharge zone, and fluid entering the housing is driven by interaction of the first funnel zone with the first ramp, the bore of the outer rotor, and the rotation of the outer rotor. It is heated.

An embodiment of the present invention further includes a stationary rotor head, wherein the stationary rotor head is mounted on the housing and has an outer surface facing an inner surface of the external rotor, and the outer surface of the stationary rotor head An inner surface of the outer rotor forms a second fluid cavitation zone, an outer surface of the stationary rotor head includes a plurality of cavitation bores therein, and an inner surface of the outer rotor extends along the inner surface of the outer rotor. having a plurality of second funnel sections spaced apart in a direction, each second funnel section terminating at a second discharge section, each second funnel section including a second ramp, each second discharge section adjacent thereto; Fluid entering the second fluid cavitation zone is heated by interaction of the second funnel zone with the second ramp, the bore of the rotor head, and the outer rotor rotation.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the cavitation device has a horizontal longitudinal axis, each of the first discharge zones, when viewed in cross section transverse to the horizontal longitudinal axis, is at a 6 o'clock position for heating a fluid; 3 o'clock or 9 o'clock position for cooling.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the cavitation device has a horizontal longitudinal axis, and each of the first discharge zone and the second discharge zone, when viewed in a cross section transverse to the horizontal longitudinal axis, has a 6 o'clock position for heating a fluid. position, and at the 3 o'clock or 9 o'clock position for cooling fluid.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first funnel section of the first discharge section on the inner surface of the housing has a surface formed at right angles to the inner surface.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, each of the first funnel sections in the respective first discharge sections on the inner surface of the housing has a surface formed at right angles to the inner surface of the housing, and Each of the second funnel sections in each of the second discharge sections has a surface formed at right angles to an inner surface of the outer rotor.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a cavitation device system comprising: a) the device, b) an inlet water tank communicating with an inlet to the housing, c) the outlet water hammer tank communicating with an outlet of the housing, d) a motor shaft. A motor, wherein the external rotor is mounted on the motor shaft, e) a motor controller for controlling the speed of the motor, f) a temperature gauge monitoring the inlet and outlet fluids for the device, and g) the influent tank. and a crossover pipe between an inlet to the blowdown hammer tank and an outlet to the blowdown hammer tank.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the external rotor is a cavitation device system mounted on the motor shaft in a cantilever configuration so that the device does not have an internal bearing.

According to an embodiment of the present invention there is provided a method for thermally modifying a fluid using cavitation, comprising a) providing the device, b) introducing a fluid into the inlet, c) improving alignment of a bubble with a cavitation bore. heating the fluid by rotating the external rotor while controlling its speed; and d) discharging the thermally altered fluid from the outlet.

According to an embodiment of the present invention there is provided a method for thermally modifying a fluid using cavitation, a) providing the device, b) introducing the fluid into the inlet, c) improving the alignment of the cavitation bore and the bubble. heating the fluid by rotating the external rotor while speed-controlled to do so, d) discharging the thermally changed fluid from the outlet, and e) the control system.

According to an embodiment of the invention the fluid is water.

According to an embodiment of the invention the fluid is purified.

The present invention enables control of the velocity and direction of cavitation steps, directional and bounce bumpers, and formed cavitation bubbles, which are important for process integrity and/or reduction/elimination of destructive forces associated with cavitation processes, by means of shrinkage features installed in housings, It includes a free shrinking funnel for heating the liquid between the shrinking form and the cavitation body.

The present invention provides methods for using cavitation equipment forming an integral component of and/or part of an overall cavitation system to reduce noise and improve process efficiency.

1 shows an exploded perspective view of one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows a top view of the device of FIG. 1 with portions cut away to show details.
3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III of FIG. 2 .
Figure 4 shows an enlarged portion of the cross-sectional view of Figure 3;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 4 .
Figure 6 plots the ejection position and cavitation bore position versus the motor speed and the calculated fluid velocity upon ejection in a standard two-dimensional manner.
7 shows a three-dimensional view of a typical cylindrical fluid path within a cavitation head.
Figure 8 shows in three dimensions the general positioning of the bumpers relative to each other to provide a uniform discharge velocity of fluid to the cavitation bore.
Figure 8a shows the cross-section of Figure 8 at the entry point of the discharge tunnel.
Figure 8b shows the cross-section of Figure 8 towards the discharge tunnel.
Figure 9 shows a table of physical properties of water that vary with temperature change, which requires rate control of the cavitation process.
10 shows the overall system requirements for creating a controlled three-dimensional cavitation process without negative disruptive forces.

The phenomenon of cavitation and the use of cavitation in liquid heating are well known in the prior art.

Cavitation vacuum bubbles are created in the low-pressure part of the liquid, mainly in the region where the liquid flows at high speed. This phenomenon is common in central pumps and in the vicinity of ship propellers or water turbines, and can extensively erode the surface of the rotating propeller and any material affected.

This phenomenon, accompanied by noise such as vibration and knocking, distorts the flow pattern and reduces the efficiency of the associated engine. Regardless of the material a propeller or turbine blade is made of, cavitation literally eats away at even the hardest alloys, eroding each surface by creating microscopic holes and cavities in the surface. The phenomenon's name comes from the fact that cavitation means the creation of cavities. For the reasons mentioned above, cavitation is generally a phenomenon to be eliminated.

Cavitation vacuum bubbles, typically only a few millimeters in size, are created by a sudden decrease in the pressure of a high-velocity liquid stream between liquid molecules. Bubbles collide when entering the high-pressure region, or explode, evenly filling the space with droplets, if the pressure of the high-pressure fluid suddenly drops. Small cavities are created between the droplets and droplet molecules, literally creating vacuum bubbles. Subsequent collisions of these vacuum bubbles are accompanied by small collision noises and light emission. When large amounts of liquid molecules collide, cracks, splashes, and rattling noises occur. When the bubbles collide, the energy stored in the bubbles is released in the form of significant heat and light energy. The energy spreads out at various frequencies and is absorbed by neighboring molecules, raising the temperature of those molecules. In other words, the gas that is produced reaches a state where the high temperature and pressure of the saturated gas breaks molecular attachments and bubbles can suddenly break apart. As a result, the high temperature is absorbed by surrounding fluid molecules, heating the fluid. The heat generated during the cavitation process is sufficient to remove any bacteria, viruses, heavy metals, and other fluid contaminants from the fluid, providing the added benefit of purification. In fact, purified fluids are best suited for controlling three-dimensional cavitation processes.

In other words, using this phenomenon to heat liquids has been known for many years. However, generating cavitation to heat the liquid has been indirect, for example by using a rotating body operated by an electric engine, and is more expensive than heating the liquid directly using electricity. On the other hand, the situation is different if other economical power sources are available, such as turbines, petrol or engines. By using this power source, it is possible to directly produce a purified and heated liquid.

In a system as exemplified in the above-mentioned Griggs patent document, when fluid is circulated in a closed system at a selected high speed and passed through a narrow channel, the fluid is suddenly drawn into the expansion section (cavitation bore) and the pressure required to create cavitation is created. this happens

Cavitation is a generally detrimental phenomenon because of its destructive nature, excessive heat generation, high exhaust pressure, and noise. However, the present invention provides a rotating cavitation body, an inner surface of a housing accommodating the body, and optionally an inner surface of the rotating cavitation body and a secondary fixed rotor head by installing a contraction or interference portion between the improved cavitation It is based on the perception that the device can be manufactured. In this case, it is ensured that the vacuum bubbles burst continuously. By designing the interior of the housing with an interference portion or constriction portion, the liquid to be heated encloses the vacuum bubble in the bore upon explosion, cavitation noise can be reduced, and the detrimental effects of cavitation can be reduced or eliminated.

The present invention is, in one aspect, a cavitation device for producing a heated and purified liquid comprising at least one engine, a housing, a liquid to be heated, and a rotating cavitation body that rotates within the liquid to be heated and is driven by the engine. The engine may be an electric engine, but a steam or internal combustion engine or a rotating shaft of a turbine may also be used to drive the cavitation equipment. A stationary rotor head may be disposed inside the rotating cavitation body to form a second liquid heating zone. The present invention also includes a method of operating the device, which method includes extensively supplying a fluid, eg water, to the device for cavitation purposes and subsequent use of the heated fluid as is known in the art. Water is the preferred fluid, but the device can be used to heat and purify any fluid if desired.

The advantages of the present invention are amplified by having cavitation bores in the rotating cavitation body and the rotor head when present. In the case of the rotating cavitation body, the outer surface is fitted with a cavitation bore, which is very similar to the Griggs patent document. The bores and chambers between the rotating cavitation body and the peripheral housing form the cavitation flow zone. In the embodiment using the stationary rotor head, the outer surface of the rotor head is also fitted with a cavitation bore so as to face the inner surface of the rotating cavitation body, which is generally ring-shaped. This creates an additional fluid cavitation flow zone between the rotating cavitation body and the rotor head to enhance cavitation of the fluid.

One embodiment of the present invention is shown in Figures 1-10. The device, denoted by the reference number 10, comprises an external motor (1) used to rotate a rotating cavitation body or an external rotor (5) via a direct drive shaft (3) comprising a shaft seal (7). do. The shaft 3 extends through the opening 6 of the end 8 of the housing 9 and the opening 12 of the external rotor 5 . The external rotor 5 can be rotated at any number of speeds, depending on the viscosity of the fluid being heated. Typical speeds are between 2500 rpm and 4000 rpm to create optimal cavitation of the fluid, and these speeds are similar to those disclosed in the Griggs patent literature. However, in order to improve the Griggs patent literature and precisely position the cavitation bubbles discharged into the cavitation bores 33 and 37 in three dimensions, a variable speed controller 301 with a directional and bounce bumper is used for the device 10. Adjust motor speed. This is important to create an accurate shaft speed S _v which determines the horizontal velocity V _X , vertical velocity V _Y , and tertiary velocity V _Z of the fluid in the discharge zones 31 and 35 of the apparatus 10 . The fluid is compressed and directed within the discharge funnel, by the physical arc length L _A between the cavitation zones ( FIG. 6 ) in determining the actual number of cavitation discharge zones with cavitation heads at any particular motor speed. It is emitted at a specific rate F _V that is determined. Since the velocity F _V of the fluid can be adjusted, the time taken for the fluid molecules to travel along the path L _A can be determined, and the horizontal and vertical components of the fluid in the discharge zones 31 and 35 can be calculated. there is. The curvilinear motion horizontal speed is determined as the function V _X = d _x / d _t , while the vertical speed is V _y = d _y / d _t and the third order speed is V _Z = d _z / d _t . The directional and bounce bumpers are designed to bring the tertiary velocity V _Z to zero by removing the d _z component and thus solving for d _x and d _y , to adjust the position of the cavitation bores (33, 37) and the distance between the bores B _A versus time (ie, motor speed). Although FIG. 6 shows only two cavitation bores, it should be understood that the cavitation bores may extend along the circumference of the outer rotor as shown in FIG. 3 .

A rotor housing 9 without internal bearings is provided. The presence of an internal bearing is a flawed form of the Fabian patent literature, and as in this design, the bearing is directly affected by the heat transfer of the fluid to the bearing during the cavitation process. Accordingly, the shaft 3 of the motor 1 extends through the housing 9 and supports the external rotor 5 to rotate in a cantilever configuration. The motor has a shaft 3 that is longer than the normal bearings and internal bearings of the motor to support a balanced external rotor 5 as the shaft 3 extends through the housing 9 . The housing 9 forms a cavity 11 having a shape for accommodating the external rotor 5 . A conventional shaft seal (not shown) is placed between the motor shaft 3 and the housing 9 for sealing purposes. By arranging the cantilever on the motor shaft and coupling the bearing with the motor for supporting the shaft, the bearing failure problem in prior art devices is eliminated.

During operation, a fluid, for example water, is introduced into the cavity 11 at a rate based on the optimum regulated speed of the motor relative to the fluid during operation of the device 10 . When the outer rotor 5 is placed in the housing, the outer surface 13 of the outer rotor 5 faces the inner surface 15 of the housing 9 . Between these two surfaces 13 and 15 there is a gap 17, which constitutes one fluid heating zone for the device 10 consisting of three lateral cavitation zones 215. .

In the embodiment of Figures 1-10 there are six fluid heating zones due to three discharge zones 31, 35 for heating zone 17 and three sets of identical configuration for heating zone 25. Accordingly, a total of 18 cavitation zones 215 exist. This number can be increased or decreased by changing the size of the cavitation head for an additional arc length L _A that matches the selected motor speed. This is achieved by providing a secondary rotor head 19 with a specific rotational pitch or configuration and having similar physical properties as the outer rotor 5 to enhance the energy of the fluid. The outer surface 21 of the rotor head 19 faces the inner surface 23 of the outer rotor 5 with a gap therebetween. The gap forms another fluid heating zone 25 of the device 10 .

Also, a housing cover 27 is provided. The housing cover 27 engages the housing 9 using any known fastening technique to form a sealed cavitation chamber containing the rotor head 19 and the outer rotor 5 . The rotor head 19 is conventionally configured to create a gap 25 as a second fluid heating zone between the outer surface or outer surface 21 of the rotor head 19 and the inner surface 23 of the outer rotor 5. is mounted on the housing cover 27 in an arbitrary manner. As an example of mounting, opening 26 may be used with suitable fasteners.

The materials chosen for the outer rotor 5 and rotor head 19 and the housing 9 and cover 27 are selected for optimum performance and safety. Examples of materials for the housing 9 and the cover 27 include, for example, polymers such as polyamide. The outer rotor 5 and the rotor head 19 may be made of a metal material such as aluminum or an alloy thereof or stainless steel.

The emulsion to be heated or purified is introduced into the cavitation device 10 through the intake port 29 located on the housing cover 27. The position of the intake port 29 can be changed, but it is preferred that it is positioned so that fluid enters the second fluid heating zone 25 located between the fixed inner rotor head 19 and the outer rotor 5. Preferably, please refer to FIG. 4 .

Cavitation zones 17 and 25 have special properties that allow optimum cavitation to occur. Figure 8 shows the location of these features. The inner surface 15 of the rotor housing 9 and the inner surface −23 of the outer rotor 5 are directional bumpers 201 so as to deliver water on a directional path to respective lamp parts 31 and 35 of the bumper. , 203) and bounce bumpers 202 and 204, respectively. The directional _bumpers 201 and 203 of these surfaces are long, while the bounce bumpers 202 and 204 are short in length, as shown in the third diagram of FIG. , 35). Each set of these bumpers is internal to accommodate the time variation for the fluid molecules to move in a cylindrical motion and thus apply the cavitation zone velocity components V _X , V _Y , V _Z in determining the cavitation zone 33, 37 position. The series to midrange series are offset by 212 while the midrange series to outer series are offset by reference numeral 213. This allows the inner rotor 21 and the outer rotor 5 to conform to standard manufacturing processes.

In addition, by allowing the discharged fluid path to be three-dimensional, it presents a geometric manufacturing problem related to the positioning and formation of the cavitation bores 33 and 37, and the two-dimensional discharge of the fluid into the cavitation bores 33 and 37. Vertical sections 210 of the directional bumpers 201 and 203 and the bounce bumpers 202 and 204 are provided to facilitate this. The cavitation bores 33 and 37 are located in a two-dimensional plane, because the tertiary velocity V _Z is induced to zero, and at this time, the distance between the discharge zone 215 and the cavitation bores 33 and 37 is the fluid The velocity F _V is directly correlated. By accurately positioning the evacuating fluid relative to the alignment of the cavitation bores 33, 37, destructive cavitation bubbles are prevented from being uncontrollably ejected into sections without cavitation bores. This is achieved by the shape of the inner surface 23 of the outer rotor 5 in the funnel region 205 between the directional bumper 201 and the bounce bumper 202 . This ramp face has a spiral shape, exemplified by the radial distance measured from the center and longitudinal axis A of the device 10 . Referring to Fig. 3, one radius R3 as measured from the point on the central axis of the device is such that the radius R3 is smaller than the other radius R4. This difference in radius and spiral shape of the inner surface 23 of the outer rotor 5 creates a wave ramp 31. This configuration creates a pressure differential that is important for the formation of cavitation vacuum bubbles in the Par ramp 31 .

The rotor head outer surface 21 consists of a number of spaced apart cavitation bores 33 of a given depth and circumference. The bores 33 are continuous and grow in regular arrangement of the cavitation bores 33 of the rotor head 19 in cooperation with the wave ramp 31 and the spiral shape of the inner surface 23 of the outer rotor 5. creates a vacuum bubble that Heat is generated through the process of cavitation of the fluid without substantially destructive effect on the rotor head (19) or the cavitation bore (33). During operation, the external rotor 5 is rotating clockwise, see FIG. 4 . The fluid is compressed during the rotation cycle of the external rotor (5) and the pressure increases in the fluid cavitation zones (25 and 17). The entry into the wave ramps 31 and 35 presents an expansion region that produces a rapid pressure loss, which allows the formation of cavitation bubbles and subsequent explosions in the cavitation bores 33 and 37.

After entering the zone 25, the fluid exits the zone 25 through a number of ports 34 at the rear surface 36 of the external rotor 5. Subsequently, the fluid flowing out enters another fluid cavitation zone 17 formed in the space between the inner surface 15 of the housing 1 and the outer surface 13 of the external rotor 5. In effect, the fluid flows in the secondary direction opposite to the direction of the rotating fluid flow into the first cavitation process, which takes place in the zone 25 between the outer surface 21 of the rotor head and the inner surface 23 of the outer rotor 5. introduced into the cavitation process.

The housing 1 has a similar spiral configuration on the inner surface 15 with corresponding wave ramps 35 formed by radial differentials shown in FIG. 3 . That is, the radius R1 is smaller than the radius R2 to form the wave ramp 35 in the tunnel zone 205 between the directional bumper 203 and the bounce bumper 204 .

The outer rotor 5 includes cavitation bores 37 as well as cavitation bores in the rotor head 19 .

The rapeseed from the first heating zone (25) is introduced into the second heating or cavitation zone (17). The rotating fluid therein is then introduced into the regular array of outer rotor cavitation bores 37 in the same way as fluid is introduced into the bores 33 of the rotor head 19. . The difference between chamber 17 and chamber 25 is the orientation of wave 31 and wave 35. The par ramp 35 is configured in the opposite direction to the par ramp 31 .

In other words, referring to Fig. 3, the helix of increasing radius moves clockwise relative to the surface 23 of the outer rotor 5, i.e. from the minor radius R3 to the major radius R4. For the surface 15 of the housing 9, the increasing radius moves counterclockwise from the short radius R1 to the long radius R2. This means that the faces of the par ramps 31 and 35 are opposite to each other. Referring to FIG. 5 , a par ramp 35 has face 39 shown in a right angle configuration. However, face 39 may also be inclined. The spiral configuration ensures maximum vacuum bubble generation and consequent heat generating bubble burst. The dual balanced cavitation processes of zones 17 and 25 occur simultaneously. Thus, through a single rotation cycle of the motor and external rotor 5, the fluid is treated twice for cavitation.

Also, as shown in Fig. 3, it is preferable for the cavitation heating process that the main wave lamps 31 and 35 are aligned in a stationary state. That is, the par lamps 31 and 35 are at the 6 o'clock position.

Since the housing 1 is fixed and the device will be positioned such that shaft A is horizontal, having the par ramp 35 in this position is not a problem. In order to have the wave ramp 31 of the outer rotor 5 movable because of the motor connection in this position, one way is that, if the motor 1 is not providing power, the outer rotor 5 can move the inner wave ramp (31) and balancing the external rotor (5) by means of a plurality of outlet ports (34) to return to the proper starting position for the external wave ramp (35). In this start-up position, maximum heating of the fluid in the process is achieved. Although the outer rotor's far ramp position can vary from the 6 o'clock position and even 90 degrees to either side, the cavitation efficiency is lowered when varied from the preferred starting position. Also, the par lamps 31 and 35 are preferably at the 6 o'clock position, as this facilitates the start-up of the device from a priming point of view (the device introduces liquid into the device 10 as well as the liquid cavitation device). It also functions like a pump that pumps and discharges, so the input 29 is aligned with the par ramp 31). Varying from the 6 o'clock position to the 3 o'clock or 9 o'clock direction reduces the pressure drop in the ramp and/or reduces cavitation. By changing this configuration of the cavitation zone 215 to another position, such as the 3 o'clock or 9 o'clock position, together with the variable arc length L _A , the cavitation device absorbs the heat of the fluid to generate a cooling effect, while non-destructive of the cavitation device. maintain hostility.

The fluid being cavitated then exits the cavitation device 10 through the outlet port 41 in the cover 9 at low pressure (<1 atm). In order to achieve maximum efficiency and eliminate the destructive element of cavitation, the overall system should include a minimum of variable speed motor controller 301, discharge water hammer tank 303, and inlet storage tank 304. The outlet water hammer tank 303 is set at 12 psi to 15 psi ensuring proper noise control of the water being heated, while the inlet storage tank 304 allows the cavitation device 10 to operate in atmospheric fluid flow. As can be seen from the chart in Figure 9 for water, since the physical properties of each fluid vary with temperature rise, it is important to continuously adjust the motor speed for speed control to ensure the cavitation process, especially for the cavitation bore Controls the distance to the discharge zone 215 to (33, 37). By adjusting the motor speed to match the physical properties of the fluid at any given temperature or other variable, it is ensured that the distance from the funnel section 205 to the cavitation bores 33, 37 is maintained for non-destructive cavitation. A further control panel 302 will ensure optimization of the cavitation process for the fluid under treatment by monitoring the fluid temperature at the probes 307 of the suction and discharge of the cavitation device 10 . Control valve 306 can also be collocated with crossover 308 to improve system performance for certain applications, such as tablets. The heated fluid can be used in any known application that uses a heated emulsion.

The present invention is a zone or chamber comprising a par ramp 35, a directional bumper 203, and a bounce bumper 204 between the rotating outer rotor outer surface 13 and the inner surface 15 of the housing 9 ( 17, 25) and the wave ramp 31 between the rotor head outer surface 21 and the outer rotor inner surface 23, the directional bumper 201, and the bounce bumper 202 It is based on the realization that the object of providing a cavitation fluid heating device free from the known problems of prior art cavitation heating devices can be achieved by having a constriction or interference portion. By designing the inner surface 15 of the housing 1 and the inner surface 23 of the outer rotor 5 in this way, it is possible to continuously ensure that the vacuum bubble explodes. By positively designing the spiral surfaces 15 and 23, the directional bumpers 201 and 203, and the bounce bumpers 202 and 204, which move the liquid to be heated by the funnel, to surround the vacuum bubbles in the bore during explosion, cavitation noise is reduced. and also reduces or eliminates other detrimental effects of cavitation, such as erosion of components.

In a substantial variation of the Fabian design, it should be understood that the two chamber or zone design of FIGS. 1-10 is only a one chamber design and can be modified to still function fully using a single drive motor. Thus, the rotor head 6 can be manufactured without cavitation bores and can function only as a conduit for supplying liquid to the zone 17 between the housing 1 and the outer rotor 5 . In another embodiment, the rotor head 6 comprises an outer rotor 5 with cavitation bores 37, a housing 9 with a specially configured inner surface 15, and suitable inlet and outlet ports for fluid can be removed to interact with it to heat it. This configuration of the present invention allows multiple size application configurations with different motor sizes that can adapt the cavitation device 10 for specific energy efficiency for the desired application.

While single chamber devices provide heated liquid without many of the problems associated with cavitation in prior art devices, it is more advantageous to use the embodiment of FIGS. installed, and an additional cavitation bore 33 is inserted into the outer surface of the rotor head. By using this configuration together with associated system components, the rotor pump is able to generate thermal energy at a significantly increased ratio of energy use to consumption, while generating large amounts of sonic (noise), bearing failure, and discharge pressure energy. Existing prior art problems such as losses can be overcome.

The present invention relates to the release of thermal energy for use in transferring fluids for heating or cooling systems, fluid purification and separation, and any fluid processing that requires heat to complete its process. In addition, the present invention releases energy through a cavitation process that consumes less power than conventional boiler systems or furnaces, and significantly improves the energy and installation costs of similarly functional purification systems. Balanced inner fixed rotor (19), outer rotor (5), par ramps (31 and 35), directional bumpers (201 and 203), bounce bumpers (202 and 204), and matching housing (1) and cover (27) provides unique physical properties to generate heat at an increased rate of return on energy consumption while maintaining thermal properties.

The present invention incorporates these unique component properties in such a way that the heated fluid is maintained for a long time and thus requires low cycles of energy consumption.

The present invention is unique in that the multi-stage cavitation process is initially completed via a stationary primary cavitation rotor head, with an external rotor serving as the centrifugal force source for the initial process and also as a cavitation element for the second stage. Both the outer rotor and rotor housing have wave ramps to enhance the cavitation process. This allows the system to maximize the energy released in the cavitation process while maintaining a low discharge pressure so that no energy is lost by changing the state of the fluid to gas. An aspect of the present invention is to minimize and control noise normally associated from the cavitation process.

As noted above, the helical configuration of surfaces 15 and 23 with directional bumpers 201 and 203 and bounce bumpers 202 and 204 is an important feature of the present invention. This configuration allows the creation and growth of vacuum bubbles in the bores 33 and 37. Within the bores 33 and 37, vacuum bubbles are created intermolecularly and are surrounded by the fluid to be heated. The bubbles do not actually explode, but collide upon reaching the cavitation bores 33, 37.

According to this method, an external rotor 5 is placed within the housing 1 and rotated by the drive engine 1 . During rotation, the fluid to be heated is injected into the housing 1 through the inlet 29 . With the help of rotation, a vacuum continuously develops in the bores 37 of the external rotor 5 and between the liquid molecules in the bores 33 of the rotor head 6, if present. Bubbles are created. Once the vacuum bubbles reach the cavitation step 31 or 35, they collide. The fluid to be heated otherwise flows continuously through the chambers 25 and 17, with the vacuum bubbles impinging on the expanding liquid after passing through the funnel section 205. Upon impact, liquid molecules traveling in opposite directions explode. The heat generated during the explosion is absorbed by the surrounding liquid, and the heated liquid is eventually extracted through the outlet (41).

An advantage of the cavitation device according to the invention is that the detrimental effects of cavitation phenomena are successfully eliminated or reduced by using flow channels designed for the liquid to be heated and by using procedures for the operation of the equipment.

Referring again to the foregoing embodiment, one embodiment of the present invention uses a single rotating cavitation body having bores, which bores are open to the outer surface of the cavitation body. This cavitation body rotates within the housing and interacts with the cavitation step located on the inner surface of the housing. During this rotation, vacuum bubbles are created in the bores of the rotating body. The bubble eventually grows to impinge on the cavitation step and is no longer confined to the bore. These collisions cause the liquid molecules to explode, releasing energy that causes the water to heat up.

In another embodiment, there are two sets of bores, one set on the outer surface of the body of rotation and the other set on the outer surface of a stationary second component located within the body of rotation. In this double-bore embodiment, the cavitation step or wave form to the bores on the outer surface of the rotating body is on the inner surface of the housing. The cavitation steps to the bores on the outer surface of the fixed rotor head are on the inner surface of the rotating body.

The system configuration of the present invention allows the cavitation device to generate thermal energy at a significantly increased ratio of energy use to consumption, while reducing the existing conventional effects such as sound waves (noise), bearing failures, and large losses of exhaust pressure energy. Technical difficulties can be overcome. The system consisting of a control panel (302), a variable speed motor controller (301), a discharge water hammer tank (303), an inlet storage tank (304), and a control valve (306) with a crossover (308) is a cavitation device (10). improve the function of

The present invention, through mechanical means, produces heated water through a balanced cavitation furnace with a 30% to 70% reduced energy consumption (depending on the fluid volume in the system).

Another aspect of the present invention is the ability of the device to increase the density of a fluid being heated, for example water. Increasing the density of water helps to increase the efficiency of the fluid heating process, as it is known that less energy is required to heat dense water.

A test was conducted to monitor the heating effect of the apparatus of the present invention. This test operates the cavitation device using different volumes of water to be heated, inlet water temperature, water volume flow rate, outlet water temperature of the cavitation device, temperature of the water supplied to the device, power of the drive motor, electricity consumption, power value, power Consumption, and ambient temperature monitoring. This test showed high efficiency in terms of the amount of heat applied to the water compared to the power used to operate the device.

As such, the present invention has been disclosed with respect to a preferred embodiment of the present invention which meets each of the objectives of the present invention as described above and provides a new and improved fluid heating apparatus utilizing cavitation.

Of course, those skilled in the art may consider various changes, modifications, and adaptations from the teachings of the present invention without departing from the intended spirit and scope of the present invention. The invention is intended to be limited only by the appended claims.

Claims (14)

A device for heating a fluid using cavitation, comprising:
a housing having an inlet for heated fluid and an outlet for discharging the heated fluid from the housing;
an external rotor secured to an axially extending motor shaft, contained in the housing, and configured to rotate within the housing;
The outer rotor has a plurality of cavitation bores arranged on an outer surface of the outer rotor, the outer rotor includes: an outer surface of the outer rotor, an outer surface of the outer rotor, an inner surface of a housing extending in an axial direction, and a housing circumference. disposed within the housing to form a fluid heating zone between an inner surface of the housing facing the direction;
An inner surface of the housing facing the outer surface including the bore of the outer rotor has a plurality of first funnel sections extending along the inner surface in a housing circumferential direction, the plurality of first funnel sections extending in a lateral direction in an axial direction. spaced apart from each other, each first funnel section terminating in a first discharge section, each first funnel section including a first ramp, each first discharge section adjacent to a first discharge section. is offset from
wherein fluid entering the housing is heated by interaction of the first funnel section with a first lamp, a bore of the outer rotor, and outer rotor rotation. According to claim 1,
Further comprising a secondary rotor head,
The secondary rotor head is mounted on the housing and has an inner surface of the outer rotor, an inner surface of the outer rotor extending in an axial direction, and an outer surface facing in a circumferential direction of the outer rotor, the inner surface forms a second fluid cavitation zone;
An outer surface of the secondary rotor head includes a plurality of cavitation bores therein, and an inner surface of the outer rotor includes a plurality of second funnels extending along the inner surface of the outer rotor and extending in a circumferential direction of the outer rotor. have an area,
The plurality of second funnel sections are spaced apart from each other in the axial direction,
each second funnel section terminates in a second discharge section;
each second funnel section includes a second ramp;
Each second discharge zone is offset from an adjacent second discharge zone in a circumferential direction of the outer rotor.
The fluid entering the second fluid cavitation zone is heated by interaction of the second funnel zone with the second ramp, the cavitation bore of the secondary rotor head, and the outer rotor rotation. Device. According to claim 1,
the apparatus for heating a fluid using cavitation has a horizontal longitudinal axis, each of the first discharge zones, viewed in cross section transverse to the horizontal longitudinal axis, at a 6 o'clock position for heating a fluid; A device, at the 3 o'clock or 9 o'clock position, for cooling the fluid. According to claim 2,
The apparatus for heating a fluid using cavitation has a horizontal longitudinal axis, each of the first discharge zone and the second discharge zone, when viewed in a cross section transverse to the horizontal longitudinal axis, has a 6 for heating a fluid. device at the o'clock position, at the 3 o'clock or 9 o'clock position for cooling the fluid. According to claim 1,
wherein the first funnel section in the first discharge section on the inner surface of the housing has a surface formed at right angles to the inner surface. According to claim 2,
Each of the first funnel sections in each of the first discharge zones on the inner surface of the housing has a surface formed at right angles to the inner surface of the housing, and in each of the second discharge zones on the inner surface of the external rotor. wherein each second funnel section having a surface formed at right angles to an inner surface of the outer rotor. As a cavitation device system,
a) the apparatus of claim 1;
b) an influent tank communicating with the inlet to the housing;
c) a drain water hammer tank communicating with the outlet of the housing;
d) a motor having a motor shaft, wherein the external rotor is mounted on the motor shaft;
e) a motor controller for controlling the speed of the motor;
f) temperature gauges monitoring the inlet and outlet fluids for the device; and
g) a crossover pipe between the inlet to the inlet tank and the outlet to the blowdown hammer tank. According to claim 7,
The external rotor is mounted to the motor shaft in a cantilever configuration such that the device has no internal bearings. A method of thermally changing a fluid using cavitation, comprising:
a) providing the apparatus of claim 1;
b) introducing a fluid into the inlet;
c) rotating the external rotor at controlled speed to heat the fluid to improve alignment of the bubbles with the cavitation bores; and
d) discharging the thermally altered fluid from the outlet. According to claim 9,
wherein the fluid is water. A method of thermally changing a fluid using cavitation, comprising:
a) providing the apparatus of claim 2;
b) introducing a fluid into the inlet;
c) rotating the external rotor at controlled speed to heat the fluid to improve alignment of the bubbles with the cavitation bores; and
d) discharging the thermally altered fluid from the outlet. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the fluid is water. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the fluid is purified. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the fluid is purified.

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