JP7152417B2 - Method and apparatus for heating and purifying liquids - Google Patents

Description

The present invention is a cavitation installation for producing a heated or cooled liquid, comprising at least one engine, a house, a liquid to be heated and a porous body rotating in the liquid to be heated and driven by an external engine. The present invention relates to cavitation equipment including sex bodies.

The phenomenon of cavitation, which produces heat in liquids such as water, is well known in the art.

An example of a cavitation system using a rotating body to generate heated liquid is presented in US Pat. No. 3,720,372 to Jacobs. Other patented solutions using cavitation phenomena to generate heat were developed in the 1950s, especially in the United States. A well-known patent is US Pat. No. 4,424,797 to Perkins. This patent is a state-of-the-art development of the solution described in US Pat. No. 2,683,448 to Smith. Improvements are also disclosed in US Pat. No. 4,779,575, also to Perkins.

Cavitational devices are also described in US Pat. Nos. 5,188,090 and 5,385,298 to Griggs. In these devices, the housing of the device encloses a cylinder and the cloak is provided with a cavitational bore. The liquid to be heated is introduced into the cylindrical free space between the rotating body with cavitational holes and the inner cloak of the housing. While the cavitational body rotates, the temperature and pressure of the liquid increases. The Griggs patents are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.

Other cavitation devices are disclosed in US Pat. No. 6,164,274 to Giebeler, US Pat. No. 6,227,193 to Selivanov, and Russian Patent No. 2,262,644. Another approach from the cavitation point of view is presented in US Patent Application Publication No. 2010/0154772 to Harris. In this approach, the helical loops of the rotating rotor and the inner cloak of the housing together provide cavitational heat generation during rotation of the rotor. Fabian's patent WO2012/164322 A1 teaches a similar cavitation device.
EP-A-2918945 describes a method and apparatus for heating liquids. WO2012/164322 describes a cavitation device for producing heated liquids and a procedure for operating it.

The prior art systems described above have several drawbacks, including inefficiency and noise generation, primarily due to their concepts addressing the cavitation process as a two-dimensional process. One aim of the present invention is to eliminate the drawbacks of known solutions and deleterious cavitational effects in cavitation devices, eliminate destructive forces into the cavitation process, increase efficiency, and The goal is to reduce cavitation noise through a three-dimensional vector approach.

U.S. Pat. No. 3,720,372 U.S. Pat. No. 4,424,797 U.S. Pat. No. 2,683,448 U.S. Pat. No. 4,779,575 U.S. Pat. No. 5,188,090 U.S. Pat. No. 5,385,298 U.S. Pat. No. 6,164,274 U.S. Pat. No. 6,227,193 Russian Patent No. 2,262,644 U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2010/0154772 WO 2012/164322 A1 EP-A-2918945

One object of the present invention includes at least one engine, a housing, a liquid to be heated, and one or more porous cavitation bodies rotating within the liquid and driven by the engine, A cavitation device that provides a heated liquid sufficient for fluid purification and an alternative method of heat transfer. The present invention includes procedures for the operation of equipment. The solution according to the present invention advantageously eliminates the otherwise detrimental and erosive characteristics of cavitation while producing Cavitation bubbles are used to change the thermal state of liquids, mainly water.

More specifically, the invention is characterized in that a constricting form is introduced into the housing, the constricting structure comprising a cavitation step, a directional bumper and a rebound bumper, and a constriction structure and cavitation body. control of the velocity and direction of formed cavitation bubbles, which are critical to the integrity of the process, and the destructive effects associated with the cavitation process; Allows reduction/elimination of force. Methods for the use of cavitation equipment also form part of the present invention, as the multiple components of the overall cavitation system enhance noise reduction and processing efficiency.

1 is an exploded perspective view of one embodiment of the present invention; FIG. FIG. 2 is a top view of the device of FIG. 1 with portions cut away to show detail; Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view along line III of Figure 2; Figure 4 is an enlarged view of the cross-sectional view in Figure 3; Figure 5 is a further enlarged view of a portion of Figure 4; FIG. 10 is a diagram in standard two-dimensional fashion of dispense position and cavitation pore position versus motor speed, and calculated fluid velocities during dispense; FIG. 3B shows a typical cylindrical fluid path in the cavitation head in the third dimension; FIG. 3D shows in three dimensions the general arrangement of bumpers relative to each other to provide a uniform discharge velocity of fluid to the cavitation holes; Figure 9 is the cross-sectional view of Figure 8 at the entry point of the discharge funnel ; 9 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 8 looking into the discharge funnel ; FIG. 1 is a table of physical properties of water that change with temperature changes requiring rate control of the cavitation process. FIG. 4 is a diagram of overall system requirements to produce a controlled three-dimensional cavitation process without negative destructive forces.

The phenomenon of cavitation and its use in heating liquids is well known in the prior art.

Cavitational vacuum bubbles are created within lower pressure portions of the liquid, primarily in regions of high velocity liquid flow. This phenomenon is common in the vicinity of major pumps and marine propellers or water turbines and can extensively erode the surface of the rotating propeller and all materials affected.

This phenomenon is accompanied by vibrations and knocking noises that distort the shape of the flow and reduce the efficiency of the associated engine. Regardless of the material from which propellers or turbine blades are made, cavitation erodes their respective surfaces by literally tearing through even the hardest alloys, creating microscopic holes and cavities in the surface. Cavitation means the formation of cavities, hence the name of this phenomenon. For the reasons given above, cavitation is usually a phenomenon to be ruled out.

Cavitational vacuum bubbles are generally small, only a few millimeters in size, and are created between liquid molecules due to a sudden drop in pressure in a high velocity liquid flow. Bubbles collapse when entering a high pressure region or burst when the pressure of the high pressure liquid suddenly drops, filling the space uniformly with droplets. Small cavities are created between the droplets and the droplet molecules, literally creating vacuum bubbles. Subsequent collapse of such a vacuum bubble is accompanied by low collapse sound and light emission. Collapse of large quantities of liquid molecules produces cracking, pitching, and rumbling noises. When the bubble collapses, the energy stored within the bubble is released in the form of significant thermal and light energy. The energy scatters at various frequencies and is absorbed by nearby molecules, thereby raising their temperature. In other words, the resulting gas reaches a state where the higher temperature and pressure of the saturated gas destroys the molecular adhesion, and the bubble suddenly breaks up. The resulting high temperature is absorbed by the surrounding fluid molecules, thus heating the fluid. The heat generated during the cavitation process is sufficient to remove any bacteria, viruses, heavy metals, and other contaminants from the fluid, thus providing additional cleaning benefits. In fact, purified fluids are ideal for controlling three-dimensional cavitation processes.

Again, the exploitation of this phenomenon to heat liquids has been known for many years. However, inducing cavitation (e.g., by using a rotating body driven by an electric engine) to heat a liquid is indirectly more expensive than heating the liquid by using electrical power directly. It's becoming On the other hand, the situation would be different if other economical sources of power (such as turbine engines, gasoline engines, or diesel engines) were somehow available. By using such a power source, purified and heated liquid can be produced directly.

In a system such as that shown in the Griggs patent above, in which a fluid is circulated at selected high velocities in a closed system and passed through a narrowing channel, the fluid passes through an expanding section (cavitation pore). The pressure is suddenly introduced into the atmosphere and the pressure required to cause cavitation occurs.

Cavitation is generally a detrimental phenomenon due to its destructive properties, excessive heat generation, high discharge pressures, and noise. However, the present invention provides a secondary fixed body between the rotating cavitational body and the interior surface of the housing containing the rotating cavitational body, and optionally the interior surface of the rotating cavitational body. Based on the understanding that an improved cavitational device can be created by placing a constriction or obstacle between the (stationary) rotor head. In this case, it is ensured that the vacuum bubble continuously bursts. By designing the interior of the housing with obstructions or constrictions, the liquid to be heated can surround the vacuum bubbles in the pores upon rupture, reducing noise due to cavitation and eliminating the detrimental effects of cavitation. can be reduced or eliminated.

The present invention, in one aspect, provides a heating system comprising at least one engine, a housing, a liquid to be heated, a rotating cavitation body rotating within the liquid to be heated and driven by the engine. and a cavitation device that produces a purified liquid. The engine may be an electric engine, but a steam or internal combustion engine, or a rotating shaft of a turbine may also be used to drive the cavitation installation. A stationary rotor head may be positioned inside the rotating cavitation body to form a second liquid heating zone. The present invention also includes a method for operation of the device, which generally comprises supplying a fluid, e.g. water, to the device for cavitation purposes and heating as is known in the art. and subsequent use of the fluid. The preferred fluid is water, but the device can be used to heat and purify any fluid if desired.

The advantages of the present invention are magnified by having cavitation holes in the rotating cavitation body and, if present, in the rotor head. In the case of a rotating cavitational body, its outer surface is provided with cavitational holes, as seen in the Griggs patent. The holes and chambers between the rotating cavitational body and the surrounding housing form a cavitational flow zone. In embodiments using a fixed rotor head, the outer surface of the rotor head is also cavitation perforated to face the inner surface of the rotating cavitational body so that it is generally ring-shaped. . This creates an additional liquid cavitational flow zone between the inside of the rotating cavitational body and the rotor head to enhance fluid cavitation.

One embodiment of the invention is shown in FIGS. 1-10. The apparatus is indicated by reference numeral 10 and includes an external motor 1 for rotating a rotating cavitational body or outer rotor 5 through a direct drive shaft 3 including a shaft seal 7. used. The shaft 3 extends through an opening 6 in the end 8 of the housing 9 and an opening 12 in the outer rotor 5 . The outer rotor 5 may be rotated in any number of gears, depending on the viscosity of the fluid being heated. Typical speeds for optimal cavitation of fluids are 2500-4000 rpm, such speeds being similar to those disclosed in the Griggs patent. However, in order to improve upon the Griggs patent, and to precisely position the cavitation bubbles ejected into the cavitation holes 33, 37 in three dimensions, the motor speed is variable speed control in addition to the directional and rebound bumpers. By using the device 301 it is adjusted to the device 10 . This is extremely important in producing the correct shaft velocity S _V which determines the horizontal velocity V _X , vertical velocity V _Y , and tertiary velocity V _Z of the fluid in the discharge zone of the device 10 . Fluid is compressed in the discharge funnel, directed, and released at a particular velocity _FV , which can be obtained with a given _cavitation head at any particular motor speed. In determining the actual number of cavitation ejection zones, it is determined by the physical arc length L _A (FIG. 6) between the cavitation zones. The velocity _FV of the fluid can be adjusted so that the time required for the fluid molecules to travel along the path _LA can be determined and the horizontal and vertical components of the fluid in the ejection zones 31, 35 can be calculated. can do. Curvilinear motion horizontal velocity is determined as the function V _x =d _x /d ₁ , vertical velocity is determined as the function V _y =d _y /d ₁ , cubic velocity is determined as the function V _Z =d _z /d ₁ is determined as The directional and rebound bumpers are designed to _nullify the 3rd order velocity Vz by eliminating the _dz component, so by determining the values of _dx and _dy , With respect to time (ie motor speed), the positions of the cavitation 33, 37 and the distance _BA between the holes can be determined. Although FIG. 6 shows only two cavitation holes, it should be understood that the cavitation holes should extend along the outer circumference of the outer rotor as shown in FIG.

A rotor housing 9 without internal bearings is provided. The presence of internal bearings is a significant failure mode in the Fabian patent as well as in this design, the bearings being directly affected by fluid heat transfer to the bearings during the cavitation process. The shaft 3 of the motor 1 thus extends through the housing 9 and supports the outer rotor 5 for rotation in a cantilevered configuration. The motor has a longer than normal shaft 3 and internal bearings within the motor to support a balanced outer rotor 5 as the shaft 3 extends through the housing 9 . The housing 9 forms a cavity 11 shaped to receive the outer rotor 5 . A conventional shaft seal (not shown) is positioned between motor shaft 3 and housing 9 for sealing purposes. The cantilevered arrangement of the motor shaft and the bearings associated with the motor for shaft support eliminate the problem of bearing failure in prior art devices.

In operation, a fluid, such as water, is introduced into cavity 11 at a rate based on the speed of the motor optimally adjusted for the fluid during operation of device 10 . The outer surface 13 of the outer rotor 5 faces the inner surface 15 of the housing 9 when the outer rotor 5 is positioned within the housing. A gap 17 exists between these two surfaces 13 and 15 and this gap 17 becomes one fluid heating zone for the device 10 consisting of three lateral cavitation zones 215 .

1-10, there are six fluid heating zones for three sets of three discharge zones 31 for a similar configuration for heating zone 17 and heating zone 25, so that There are a total of 18 cavitation ejection zones 215 . This number can be increased or decreased by resizing the cavitation head for additional arc length _LA consistent with the selected motor speed. This is accomplished by providing the secondary rotor head 19 with a specific rotational pitch or configuration, and the secondary rotor head 19 has similar physical properties to the outer rotor 5 to enhance the energy within the fluid. have An outer surface 21 of rotor head 19 faces an inner surface 23 of outer rotor 5 with a gap therebetween. This gap forms another fluid heating zone 25 of the device 10 .

A housing cover 27 is also provided. Housing cover 27 mates with housing 9 using any known fastening technique to form a sealed cavitation chamber containing rotor head 19 and outer rotor 5 . The rotor head 19 is heated in any conventional manner to create a gap 25 as a second fluid heating zone between the outer or outer surface 21 of the rotor head 19 and the inner surface 23 of the outer rotor 5 . Attached to housing cover 27 . As an example of attachment, opening 26 may be used with appropriate fasteners.

The materials selected for outer rotor 5 and rotor head 19 and housing 9 and cover 27 are selected for optimum performance and safety. Examples of materials for housing 9 and cover 27 include polymers such as polyamide. The outer rotor 5 and rotor head 19 can be made from a metallic material such as aluminum or its alloys or stainless steel.

Fluid to be heated or purified is introduced into cavitation device 10 through inlet 29 located on housing cover 27 . The position of the intake 29 can vary, but is positioned so that the fluid enters a second fluid heating zone 25 (see FIG. 4) between the fixed inner rotor head 19 and the outer rotor 5. is preferred.

Cavitation zones 17 and 25 have special features that allow optimum cavitation to occur. FIG. 8 shows the location of these features. The inner surface 15 of the rotor housing 9 and the inner surface 23 of the outer rotor 5 have directional bumpers 201 and 203 and rebound bumpers 202 and 204, respectively, to direct water on its direction path. leading to ramp sections 31 and 35, respectively. These surface directional bumpers 201 and 203 are longer, while rebound bumpers 202 and 204 are shorter in length and in the natural fluid direction _Fd as shown in the cubic view of FIG. allow water to be directed along to the ramp zones 31 and 35 . Each set of these bumpers is offset with the inner row offset 212 with respect to the central row while the central row is offset 213 with respect to the outer row so that the fluid molecules undergo cylindrical motion. , resulting in cavitation zone velocity components V _X , V _Y , and V _Z in determining the positions of cavitation holes 33 and 37 . This allows the inner rotor 21 and the outer rotor 5 to follow standard manufacturing processes.

Furthermore, allowing the ejected fluid path to be three-dimensional presents geometrical manufacturing issues regarding the placement and formation of cavitational holes 33 and 37, and the fluid flow into cavitational holes 33 and 37. Vertical cross-sections 210, 211 of directional bumpers 201 and 203 and rebound bumpers 202 and 204 are provided to facilitate two-dimensional ejection of . Cavitation holes 33 and 37 have their tertiary velocity VZ _zeroed so that the distance between discharge zone 215 and cavitation holes 33, 37 is directly correlated to fluid velocity _FV . placed in By precisely positioning the dispensed fluid relative to the array of cavitation holes 33 and 37, destructive cavitation bubbles are prevented from uncontrolled release in sections that do not contain cavitation holes. This is achieved by the shape of the inner surface 23 of the outer rotor 5 in the funnel zone 205 between the directional bumper 201 and the rebound bumper 202 . This sloping surface has a helical shape indicated by the radial distance as measured from the central longitudinal axis A of the device 10 . Referring to FIG. 3 , one radius R3 measured from a point on the central axis of the device is less than another radius R4. This difference in radius and helical shape of the inner surface 23 of the outer rotor 5 creates a wave ramp 31 . This configuration provides a significant pressure differential for cavitation vacuum bubble formation in the wavy ramp 31 .

The rotor head outer surface 21 is configured with a plurality of spaced apart cavitation holes of given depth and perimeter. The holes 33 cooperate with the undulating ramp 31 and helical shape of the inner surface 23 of the outer rotor 5 to cause continuous and growing vacuum bubbles in the regular array of cavitation holes 33 in the rotor head 19 . Heat is generated through the fluid cavitation process with substantially no destructive effect on the rotor head 19 or cavitation holes 33 . During operation, the outer rotor 5 rotates clockwise (see FIG. 4). The fluid is compressed during the rotation cycle of the outer rotor 5 and pressure builds up in the fluid cavitation zones 25 and 17 . The entrances to the wavy ramps 31 and 35 provide an area of expansion that causes a rapid pressure loss and this decompression also leads to the formation of cavitation bubbles and their subsequent rupture at cavitation holes 33 and 37. enable

After entering zone 25 , fluid exits zone 25 through a plurality of ports 34 in rear face 36 of outer rotor 5 . This exiting fluid then enters another fluid cavitation zone 17 formed in the space between the inner surface 15 of the housing 1 and the outer surface 13 of the outer rotor 5 . In short, the fluid is introduced into the secondary cavitation process, which, in the direction of flow of the rotating fluid, is located in the zone between the rotor head outer surface 21 and the inner surface 23 of the outer rotor 5. Opposite in direction to the first cavitation process occurring at 25 .

The housing 1 has a similar helical structure on its inner surface 15 with corresponding undulating ramps 35 formed by radial differences shown in FIG. That is, radius R1 is less than radius R3 so as to form a wavy ramp 35 within funnel zone 205 between directional bumper 203 and rebound bumper 204. FIG.

Outer rotor 5 includes cavitation holes 37 similar to those in rotor head 19 .

Fluid exiting the first heating zone 25 is introduced into the second heating zone or cavitation zone 17 . The fluid rotating therein is then introduced into a regular array of outer rotor cavitation holes 37 in the same manner as fluid is introduced into holes 33 in rotor head 19 . The difference between chambers 17 and 25 is the orientation of wavy ramps 31 and 35 . The wavy ramp 35 is configured in the opposite direction to the wavy ramp 31 .

In other words, also referring to FIG. 3, the spiral of increasing radius moves clockwise for the surface 23 of the outer rotor 5 from a short radius R3 to a longer radius R4. For surface 15 of housing 9, the increasing radius moves counter-clockwise from short radius R1 to longer radius R3. This means that the faces of the wavy ramps 31 and 35 are opposite each other. Referring to FIG. 5, wavy ramp 35 has faces 39 shown in a perpendicular arrangement. However, surface 39 may be angled. The helical structure ensures maximum vacuum bubble generation and consequent heat generating bubble bursting. The balanced dual cavitation processes in zones 17 and 25 occur simultaneously. Thus, during one rotation cycle of the motor and outer rotor 5, the fluid is processed twice due to cavitation.

It is also desirable for the cavitational heating process that the main undulating ramps 31 and 35 are aligned as shown in FIG. 3 at rest. That is, the wavy ramps 31 and 35 are at the 6 o'clock position.

Since the housing 1 is fixed and the device should be positioned so that the axis A is horizontal, this position of the wavy ramp 35 is not a problem. In order to bring the wavy ramp 31 of the outer rotor 5, which may be moved by its motor connection, to this position, one method is that the outer rotor 5 is on the inner wavy ramp 31 when the motor 1 is not providing power. and balancing the outer rotor 5 with a plurality of outlet ports 34 to return to the proper starting position against the outer wavy ramp 35 . This starting position achieves maximum heat generation of the fluid in the process. The wavy ramp position of the outer rotor can vary as high as 90 degrees to either side of the 6 o'clock position, but cavitation efficiency is reduced when deviating from the desired starting position. It is also preferred that the wavy ramps 31 and 35 are at the 6 o'clock position, but this is to facilitate activation of the device from a priming point of view (the device not only functions as a liquid cavitation device, but also Input port 29 is aligned with wavy ramp 31, as it also functions as a pump to draw into and expel the liquid into 10. Change from 6 o'clock to either 3 o'clock or 9 o'clock is a ramp. Reduce pressure drop across the channel and/or reduce cavitation.In conjunction with changing the arc length _LA , this placement of the cavitation zone 215 can be moved to alternate positions such as the 3 o'clock or 9 o'clock positions. By changing to a cavitation device, the cavitation device absorbed the heat of the fluid and provided a cooling effect while maintaining the nondestructive properties of the cavitation device.

The fluid being cavitated then leaves cavitation device 10 at low pressure (<1 atmosphere) through outlet port 41 in cover 9 . For maximum efficiency and to eliminate the destructive elements of cavitation, the overall system should include, as a minimum, a variable speed motor controller 301, a discharge water hammer tank 303, and lead-in reservoir 304 . Outlet water hammer tank 303 is set at 12-15 psi to ensure adequate noise control of the heating water, while incoming reservoir 304 allows cavitation device 10 to operate in ambient fluid flow. Since the physical properties of each fluid change with increasing temperature, as shown in the chart of FIG. 9 for water, the motor speed should be constantly adjusted for speed control to ensure the cavitation process. In particular, it is important that the distance from the discharge zone 215 to the cavitation holes 33, 37 is controlled. By adjusting the motor speed to the physical properties of the fluid at any given temperature or other change, it ensures that the distance from the funnel zone 205 to the cavitation holes 33, 37 is maintained for non-destructive cavitation. guarantee that it will be An additional control board 302 monitors the fluid temperature at the inlet and outlet probes 307 of the cavitation device 10 to ensure optimization of the cavitation process for the fluid under process. Also, a control valve 306 may be deployed with a crossover pipe 308 to enhance system performance for certain applications such as purification. The heated fluid can be used in any known application that uses heated fluids.

The present invention has the purpose of having a cavitational fluid heating system without the known problems of prior art cavitational heating systems. , directional bumper 203 , and rebound bumper 204 , and similar constrictions or obstacles such as wavy ramp 31 , directional bumper 201 , and rebound bumper 202 between rotor head outer surface 21 and outer rotor inner surface 23 . It is recognized that this can be achieved by having constrictive structures or obstructions within the zones or chambers 17 and 25, including the . By designing the inner surface 15 of the housing 1 and the inner surface 23 of the outer rotor 5 in this way, it can be continuously ensured that the vacuum bubble bursts. The design of the spiral surfaces 15 and 23 that channel the liquid to be heated, the directional bumpers 201 and 203, and the rebound bumpers 202 and 204 to surround the vacuum bubble within the hole when the liquid to be heated bursts. In addition to mitigating or eliminating other detrimental effects of cavitation, such as corrosion of components, cavitational noise is reduced by ensuring .

In a significant variation on Fabian's design, the two chamber or zone design of FIGS. It should be understood that The rotor head 6 may thus be made without cavitation holes and serve only as a conduit for supplying liquid to the zone 17 between the housing 1 and the outer rotor 5 . In a still further embodiment, the rotor head 6 comprises an outer rotor 5 including cavitation holes 37, a housing 9 including a specially configured inner surface 15, and appropriate inlet and outlet ports for heating the fluid. can be excluded so as to interact with This adaptation of the invention allows for a wide variety of sized applications, with a variety of motor sizes adaptable to the cavitation device 10 for energy efficiency specific to the desired application.

The single-chamber apparatus provides heated liquid without many of the problems associated with cavitation in prior art devices, but the outer rotor is mounted with a fixed rotor head 19 and the rotor head 19 It is more advantageous to use the embodiment of FIGS. 1-10, in which additional cavitational holes 33 are applied to the outer surface of the. This configuration, together with the associated system components, allows the rotor pump to produce thermal energy with a significantly increased ratio of energy utilization to energy consumption, as well as a sonic sound wave ( noise), bearing failure, and high discharge pressure energy loss, which are typical problems of conventional systems can be overcome.

The present invention releases thermal energy for use in delivering fluids for heating or cooling systems, purifying and separating fluids, and any fluid processing that requires heat to complete a process. directed to do. Additionally, the present invention releases energy through a cavitation process that uses less power than conventional boiler systems or furnaces, and significantly improves the energy and installation costs of similarly capable purification systems. The balanced inner fixed rotor 19, outer rotor 5, wave ramps 31 and 35, directional bumpers 201 and 203 and rebound bumpers 202 and 204, and matching housing 1 and cover 27 maintain thermal properties. while providing unique physical properties for generating heat with enhanced energy consumption recovery.

The present invention possesses these unique component properties in a manner such that heat generated fluid is retained for extended periods of time, thereby requiring fewer cycles of energy consumption.

The present invention initiates a multi-stage cavitation process through a fixed primary cavitation rotor head, with the outer rotor acting both as a centrifugal source for the initial process and as a second stage cavitation element. It is a unique thing that can be completed by Both the outer rotor and rotor housing have wavy ramps to enhance the cavitation process. This allows the system to maximize the energy released from the cavitation process while maintaining a low discharge pressure so that energy is not lost by changing the state of the fluid to gas. The configuration of the present invention is such that the noise normally associated with cavitation processes is minimized and controlled.

As noted above, the helical structure of surfaces 15 and 23, including directional bumpers 201 and 203 and rebound bumpers 202 and 204, is an important feature of the present invention. This structure allows the creation and growth of vacuum bubbles within holes 33 and 37 . Within pores 33 and 37 a vacuum bubble is created between the molecules and surrounded by the fluid to be heated. The bubbles actually collapse rather than burst when they reach cavitation holes 33 and 37 .

According to the method, the outer rotor 5 is arranged in the housing 1 and rotated by the drive engine 1 . During rotation, the fluid to be heated is injected into housing 1 through inlet 29 . Rotation is used to create continuously growing vacuum bubbles between the liquid molecules in the holes 33 of the rotor head 6 if present and in the holes 37 of the outer rotor 5 . When the vacuum bubble reaches cavitation step 31 or 35, it collapses. Otherwise, the fluid to be heated is continuously flowed through chambers 25 and 17 and the vacuum bubbles collapse in the expanding liquid after passing through funnel zone 205 . In response to the collapse, liquid molecules traveling in opposite directions explode. The heat generated during the explosion is absorbed by the surrounding liquid and the heated liquid is eventually drawn out through outlet 41 .

An advantage of the cavitation device according to the invention is that the use of flow channels designed for the liquid to be heated and the use of procedures for the operation of the installation successfully counteract the detrimental effects of the cavitation phenomenon. To eliminate or reduce.

Referring back to the embodiments described above, one embodiment of the present invention uses a single rotating cavitation body having holes that open toward the outer surface of the cavitation body. is doing. The cavitation body rotates within the housing and interacts with cavitation steps located on the inner surface of the housing. During this rotation, vacuum bubbles are created within the holes in the rotating body. The bubbles eventually grow until they are no longer trapped in the pores and collide with the cavitation step. This collision causes the liquid molecules to explode, which is the energy release that results in the heating of the water.

In another embodiment, there are two sets of holes, one set of holes on the outer surface of the rotating body and the other set of holes located in the rotating body in a second stationary position. on the outer surface of the component. In this double hole embodiment, the cavitation steps or corrugations for the holes on the outer surface of the rotor are present on the inner surface of the housing. Cavitation steps for holes on the outer surface of the fixed rotor head are present on the inner surface of the rotating body.

The system configuration of the present invention enables the cavitation device to significantly increase the ratio of energy utilization to energy consumption to produce thermal energy, while reducing acoustic wave (noise), bearing failure, and high discharge pressure energy losses. make it possible to overcome the customary problems of conventional systems of A system of control valves 306 , including control panel 302 , variable speed motor controller 301 , discharge water hammer tank 303 , lead-in reservoir 304 , and transfer piping 308 enhances the performance of cavitation system 10 .

The present invention produces water heated through a balanced cavitation furnace via mechanical means with a 30-70% lower energy consumption rate (depending on the volume of fluid in the system).

Another aspect of the present invention is the ability of the device to densify a heated fluid, such as water. Increasing the density of water helps increase the efficiency of the fluid heating process, as it is known that less energy is required to heat more dense water.

Tests were conducted to monitor the heating effect of the device of the present invention. This test was carried out by moving the cavitation device using various volumes of water to be heated, inlet water temperature, water flow rate, outlet water temperature of the cavitation device, temperature of the water supplied to the device, power of the drive motor, electricity consumption. monitoring volume, power value, power consumption, and ambient temperature. This test showed high efficiency in terms of the amount of heating done to the water compared to the power used to run the device.

Accordingly, the invention has been disclosed in terms of preferred embodiments which satisfy any and all of the objects of the invention presented above and which provide a new and improved fluid heating apparatus using cavitation.

Of course, various alterations, modifications and alterations can be devised from the teachings of this invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the intended spirit and scope of this invention. It is intended that the invention be limited only by the terms of the appended claims.

Claims (12)

A device for heating a fluid using cavitation, comprising:
a housing having an inlet for a fluid to be heated and an outlet for discharging said heated fluid from said housing;
An outer rotor adapted to be fixed on an axially extending motor shaft, said outer rotor being received within said housing and adapted to rotate within said housing, said outer rotor being adapted to rotate within said housing; The outer rotor has a plurality of cavitation holes disposed in its outer surface, and the outer rotor has fluid heating between the outer surface of the outer rotor and an inner surface of the housing facing the outer surface of the outer rotor. an outer rotor disposed within the housing to form a zone, the inner surface of the housing extending in the axial direction and the housing circumferential direction;
has
said inner surface of said housing having a plurality of directional bumpers and a plurality of rebound bumpers;
the inner surface of the housing facing the outer surface containing the cavitation holes of the outer rotor having a plurality of first funnel zones extending circumferentially along the inner surface of the housing; The plurality of first funnel zones are axially spaced from each other, each first funnel zone terminating in a first discharge zone, each first funnel zone extending from the inner surface of the housing. Each first discharge zone is circumferentially offset from the adjacent first discharge zone such that fluid entering the housing is directed to the first discharge zone. heated by the interaction of the funnel zone and the first ramp, the cavitation holes in the outer rotor, and the rotation of the outer rotor ;
The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said first funnel zone in said first discharge zone on said inner surface of said housing has a first surface formed at an angle to said inner surface . further comprising a secondary rotor head, said secondary rotor head mounted within said housing and having an outer surface facing an inner surface of said outer rotor, said inner surface of said outer rotor comprising: extending axially and circumferentially of the outer rotor, the outer surface of the secondary rotor head and the inner surface of the outer rotor forming a second fluid cavitation zone; includes a plurality of cavitation holes therein, and the inner surface of the outer rotor defines a plurality of second funnel zones extending circumferentially along the inner surface of the outer rotor. wherein said plurality of second funnel zones are axially spaced from each other, each second funnel zone terminating in a second discharge zone, each second funnel zone extending from said outer rotor; a second ramp sloping to rise from said inner surface , each second discharge zone being circumferentially offset from said adjacent second discharge zone to said second fluid cavitation; - fluid entering the zone is heated by the interaction of said second funnel zone and said second ramp, cavitation holes in said secondary rotor head and outer rotor rotation, said outer rotor (5); said inner surface (23) of has a plurality of directional bumpers (201, 203) and a plurality of rebound bumpers (202, 204) ;
The second funnel zone in the second discharge zone on the inner surface of the outer rotor has a second surface formed at an angle to the inner surface of the outer rotor. Item 1. The device according to item 1. 2. The device of claim 1, wherein said first surface is formed perpendicular to said inner surface. 3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein said second plane is formed perpendicular to said inner surface of said outer rotor. a) a device according to claim 1;
b) a draw-in water tank in communication with said inlet to said housing;
c) a jetting water hammer tank in communication with said outlet of said housing;
d) a motor having a motor shaft to which said outer rotor is attached;
e) a motor controller for controlling the speed of said motor;
f) a thermometer for monitoring fluid entering and exiting the device;
g) A cavitation device system having a transition line between an inlet to said lead-in water tank and an outlet to said discharge water hammer tank. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein the outer rotor is attached to the motor shaft in a cantilevered configuration such that there are no internal bearings within the device. A method of thermally changing a fluid using cavitation, comprising:
a) providing a device according to claim 1;
b) introducing a fluid into said inlet;
c) rotating the outer rotor using a controlled speed to heat the fluid to improve the alignment of bubbles with cavitation holes;
d) discharging said thermally altered fluid from said outlet. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein said fluid is water. A method of thermally changing a fluid using cavitation, comprising:
a) providing a device according to claim 2;
b) introducing a fluid into said inlet;
c) rotating the outer rotor using a controlled speed to heat the fluid to improve the alignment of bubbles with cavitation holes;
d) discharging said thermally altered fluid from said outlet. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein said fluid is water. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein said fluid is purified. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein said fluid is purified.

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