RU61852U1 - DRIVING CAVITATION HEAT AND STEAM GENERATOR - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of heat power and can be used in heating systems of buildings, industrial buildings, vehicles, water heating for domestic and industrial needs. Effect: provides rapid heating of the liquid to steam, while simplifying the design of the heat generator and using the internal potential energy of the steam and the steam-water mixture to drive the oppositionally rotating disks of the heat generator, and the use of valves to create a wide range of steam generator sets with the possibility of setting them with a fixed electric motor power heat and steam generator. The essence of the device: cavitation drive heat generator, containing a working body, consisting of a housing, covers, working disks of the heat generator, the first and second impellers, dividing walls, two check valves, a third thermal valve, an expansion unit for forming a steam-water mixture and a jet turbine, characterized in that heat generator disks are made with recesses in the form of spherical segments and guiding channels deposited on the ends of the disks, forming three vortex spiral channels from each Rhone disk, also the cylindrical surfaces of the discs at an angle of 15 degrees to their generatrix applied guide channels for guiding the steam Heat steam mixture along the axis towards the second impeller.

Description

Application area

The utility model relates to the field of heat power and can be used in heating systems of buildings, industrial buildings, vehicles, water heating for domestic and industrial needs.

State of the art

Currently, heat pumps are widely used, using changes in the physical and mechanical parameters of the medium to produce thermal energy. Known heat generator and a device for heating liquids, RF patent No. 2045715, IPC 6 F 25 V 29/00, from 04/26/1993 g, comprising a housing with a cylindrical part, a fluid accelerator made in the form of a cyclone, the end side of which is connected to the cylindrical part corps. At the base of the cylindrical part opposite the cyclone, a brake device is mounted.

Also known is a cavitation driving heat generator, RF patent No. 2201562, IPC 7 F 24 J 3/00, dated May 19, 1999, comprising a housing in which relatively movable working bodies are located, the input and output of which are hydraulically communicated through a circulation channel with a throttling element. The working bodies, at least one of which is connected with the drive motor, are made in the form of opposed disks installed with a guaranteed gap between their ends, provided with adjacent grooves located on the interacting working ends of the disks obliquely to each other.

The disadvantages of these technical solutions include the technologically complex manufacture of their elements. In particular, the use of a labyrinth seal is justified at high temperature, but its use to create high tightness is problematic.

The prior art claims for invention of the Russian Federation No. 2002119773 for a cavitation-vortex heat generator comprising a housing having nozzles for supplying a heated fluid and removing heated fluid, a perforated stator and a rotor located inside the housing, a discharge pump, a rotor drive, characterized in that the stator and the rotor is made in the form of coaxial disks perforated through holes, while the stator is made in the form of one or more annular disks,

and the rotor is made in the form of two coaxial disks installed with a gap relative to each other, while the rotor disks are mounted on independent shafts having independent independent drives and rotate towards each other. The disadvantage of this application is that this device requires the use of an additional drive to ensure the rotation of the rotor disks in opposite directions, which reduces the efficiency due to the use of a mechanical drive and complicates the stuffing box mechanism, and also requires the use of a pressure pump, which aims to create excess pressure for transmission heated fluid into the environment.

The claimed invention differs from this device in that the impellers are designed to ensure the removal of fluid from the housing, which reduces the pressure on the bearings (in this case, they are made in the form of sliding bearings based on graphite inlays and fluoroplastic seal rings, and this device does not use the accumulated potential the energy of the steam-water mixture, there are no bypass valves and an expansion unit, which does not ensure the operation of the device in a fairly wide range of temperatures and volumes with given by the working fluid (steam-water mixture) at the same power of the electric motor drive.

 The prior art claims for invention of the Russian Federation No. 2004132354 for a vortex heat generator of a hydraulic system containing a driving pump source of fluid flow, the output of which is connected to a nozzle located in the peripheral region of a larger diameter conical nozzle apparatus, at least one output channel of which is connected through an external hydraulic system with a suction channel of a pumping source of fluid flow, characterized in that the pumping source of fluid flow is made in the form of an impeller in the form of a centrifugal wheel of the pump with cover disks installed in the nozzle apparatus in the zone of its largest diameter, the output section of the impeller is blocked by a rim to form a peripheral annular high-pressure chamber inside the wheel, and the nozzle is made in at least one end wall of the annular chamber of the wheel at its periphery in the form dispersed throttling channels distributed over the peripheral diameter of the annular chamber.

This device has great technical complexity, and is not justified, and the simultaneous use of acoustic and pulse generators with simultaneous mechanical stress with the presence of a large number of throttling valves in the presence of coaxial throttling valves inside

devices that require high enough precision control technology, just to get the effect of heating the liquid.

The system also uses a drive pump source of fluid flow as a drive, which also provides for the presence of an electric or other source of mechanical energy.

It should also be noted that this device does not use the internal already accumulated potential energy of the heated working fluid of the water (steam-water medium), which, as indicated above, significantly reduces the need for the consumption of electric energy to generate heat.

Also, the use of a fluid source pump source is used in this device to create a working body torque, that is, internal friction of the fluid against the walls of the device, and the known braking effects in curved channels significantly reduce the efficiency of this device compared to the claimed invention, where, as a working fluid for the vortex generator rotor drive uses a steam-water mixture, where the pressure is transmitted according to Pascal's law in all directions without change, and therefore the device a feed steam mixture, is reduced to form a circular hole in the casing Heat steam in the tangential direction towards the middle (center) of the reaction turbine blade.

That is, under equal conditions of obtaining thermal energy, the achievement of the heating effect in the present invention is achieved with greater efficiency, with a simpler and more technological solution, with minimal adjustments, without the use of environmentally hazardous acoustic and electromagnetic influences.

For a dielectric substance like water, the use of acoustic and electromagnetic effects to improve the effect of cavitation is more than doubtful.

Also, the spectrum of noise and electromagnetic radiation can be a limitation on the use of this device in various industries.

The patent of the Russian Federation No. 2165054 is known from the prior art for a method of generating heat by supplying water to a vortex heat generator, forming a vortex water flow therein and providing a cavitation mode of the vortex flow during resonant amplification of sound vibrations arising in this stream, with subsequent removal of heat received in the vortex heat generator the outgoing water flow to the consumer, characterized in that the temperature of the preheated water supplied to the vortex heat generator is 63-90 ° C.

This technical solution provides a cavitation mode for resonant amplification of sound vibrations arising in a vortex stream by selecting the pump rotation speed, or the length of the water column in front of the die, or the pressure of the water supplied to the heat generator, or the length of the water column in the vortex tube of the vortex heat generator.

The analysis of the invention shows that for each liquid heating system there is a rather large ambiguity in the system parameters and, therefore, the effect of the preferred priority technical solution is not obtained for this invention.

This technical solution in comparison with the claimed invention also, as indicated in the text, also generates a radiation background, which takes place to accumulate over time.

Such a device, after several years of operation, will require a rather complicated technology of destruction, as a system containing radioactive nucleotides.

Therefore, the implementation of this solution in practice requires appropriate radioactive surveillance and appropriate service and permits, which will lead to huge economic costs of applying this technical solution in comparison with the claimed invention.

The patent of the Russian Federation No. 2201561 for a cavitation-type heat generator in communication with a booster pump, the output of which is connected to the input channel of a vortex nozzle equipped with an axial output nozzle, characterized in that at least one axisymmetric chamber is arranged at the nozzle exit self-oscillation resonator.

This invention has the property of the occurrence of resonant oscillations inside the resonant cavities, which requires a certain elasticity of the medium before the cavitation phase. It is known that when resonant phenomena occur in confined spaces, the effect of water hammer and shock waves is observed.

In technology, hydraulic shocks lead to destruction and periodic stresses on connecting and other mechanical parts in the field of resonance effects.

Together with cavitation processes, this effect can lead to rapid aging and wear of elements and devices of the vortex generator.

In contrast to this invention, the claimed invention has increased wear resistance, durability and ease of repair and routine maintenance, which economically distinguishes it, also in the proposed

The invention uses the already accumulated potential energy of steam dissolved in an aqueous medium.

The prior art device according to RF patent No. 2212597 for a method of increasing the efficiency of a cavitation type heat generator operating in a closed circulation circuit, in which the flow rate of the liquid passing through the cavitation heat generator is set by a pump, characterized in that the pressure in the circulation circuit at the inlet the pump for the current operating temperature of the liquid in the circuit and the given geometry of the working channel of the heat generator set the maximum derivative dq / dt, where q is the amount of heat oschetchiku withdrawn from the heat source by limiting the minimum pressure at the pump inlet value bezkavitatsionnuyu ensures its operation for the working fluid temperature values in the circuit. This invention provides a complex system of compensation type of vector control (derivative of heat, time, temperature, determination of the optimal point of change, etc.), while, as you know, heat is determined by a scalar value and can be controlled by parametric control, but not compensation . In particular, in the present invention, at the maximum temperature of the steam-water mixture and the control bypass valves and the thermal valve, the maximum achievable thermal regime is established when the overheating condition is cut off and the heat is transferred, both along the internal and external circuits of the water heating system.

What provides both simplicity and reliability and operational efficiency at low costs for the use of the invention.

The patent of the Russian Federation No. 2234355 for an evaporative desalination plant is known, which contains an evaporator with a tank with a free liquid level communicated through a steam supercharger with a condensing device, a heating heat exchanger for desalination of cold sea water, distillate and brine outlet channels, characterized in that the tank with a free liquid level is equipped with at least one vortex chamber hydraulically connected to the output and input channels of the cavitation-vortex drive heat generator with rofessional circulation circuit desalination of liquid in the evaporator and at least one fluid communication with said circulation circuit separating chamber communicating with the brine outlet duct, wherein the condensing heat exchanger device for heat communicates with the circulation circuit desalination of water in the evaporator.

This invention aims to perform the functions of a desalination plant using thermal vortex heat generators. As a drive device for vortex heat generators, a distillate circulation pump is used, which is in heat communication with the circulation circuit of the desalinated liquid in the evaporator through the heat exchanger of the condensing device.

In practice, this means that the circuit of the processed body — the desalinated liquid and the distillate working fluid — is separated and the latter — the distillate is used as the working fluid for the steam blower, which is designed as a high-pressure drive hydraulic machine, for example, of a blade type.

In the claimed invention, the circuit of the working fluid and the heated fluid are in communicating circuits through two separation valves and a thermal valve and through an expansion unit for organizing the utilization of the process of vaporization, which greatly simplifies the design for generating steam and mechanical energy to drive the vortex heat generator. This solution reduces the number of elements to create a process of condensation of the steam-water mixture by means of an expander and a jet turbine while simultaneously utilizing the potential energy of the steam-water mixture.

Known RF patent No. 2235950, IPC 7 F 24 J 3/00, dated July 22, 2002, on a cavitation-vortex heat generator containing a housing having nozzles for supplying a heated fluid and removing heated fluid, perforated stator and rotor located inside the housing, injection pump, rotor drive, characterized in that the stator and rotor are made in the form of disks perforated through holes, the stator is made in the form of one or more annular disks, and the rotor is made in the form of two disks mounted with a gap relative to each other , Wherein the rotor discs are mounted on independent shafts having independent drives independent and rotate toward each other. The disadvantages of this design is that the disks of the stator and rotor are carried out from two electric motors of the heat generator. The presence of a gear in the form of a belt drive, a complex system of nozzles and low maintainability are also among the disadvantages of this heat generator. This technical solution was taken for the closest analogue (prototype).

The technical task of the claimed utility model is to create a device that provides quick heating of the liquid to steam, while simplifying the design of the heat and steam generator and the use of internal

potential energy of steam and steam-water mixture for driving oppositionally rotating disks of a heat generator and the use of valves to create a wide range of steam generator sets with the possibility of tuning them at a fixed power of the electric motor of the heat generator.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Figure 1 shows a structural device of a heat generator, which contains: a jet turbine 1, an expansion unit 2, a guide nozzle for a jet turbine 3, an exit for the first impeller of the return channel 4, a first entrance to the heat generator 5, a second entrance to the heat generator 6, an exit for the second impellers 7, the main outlet of the heat generator 8, the main entrance to the heat generator 9, the first separation wall 10, the first impeller 11, the second separation wall 12, the first disk of the heat generator 13, the third separation wall 14, the second di ck of the heat generator 15, the third disk of the heat generator 16, the fourth partition wall 17, the fourth disk of the heat generator 18, the fifth separation wall 19, the second impeller 20, the housing of the heat generator 21, the motor 22, the frame 23, 24 and 25 of the lid of the heat generator, 26 - the first check valve, 27 - the second non-return valve, 28 - the third thermal valve;

Figure 2 shows a jet turbine (end view);

Figure 3 shows the first dividing wall (end view);

Figure 4 shows the first impeller (end view);

Figure 5 shows the second impeller (end view);

Figure 6 shows the disks of a heat and steam generator attached to the shaft of the first impeller (end view);

Figure 7 shows the disks of a heat and steam generator attached to the shaft of the second impeller, end view;

On Fig shows the separation wall with bypass holes (end view);

Figure 9 shows the first dividing wall (end view);

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the cavitation drive heat generator contains a working body consisting of a housing, covers, working disks of a vortex generator, first and second impellers, separation walls, two check valves, a third thermal valve, an expansion block for forming a steam-water mixture and a jet turbine, heat generator disks are made with

recesses in the form of spherical segments and guide channels deposited on the ends of the disks, forming three spiral vortex channels on each side of the disk, guide channels are also applied along the cylindrical surface of the disks at an angle of 15 degrees to their generatrix, to direct the steam-water mixture along the axis of the heat generator towards the second impellers. These channels form a steady vortex motion of the steam-water mixture from the center to the periphery of the disks and a vortex motion along the surface of the working disks through holes in the dividing walls, which enhances cavitation processes.

Distinctive features of the claimed invention is that the exit of the second impeller through the third thermal valve is connected to the main output of the heat generator and to the expansion unit, inside which the second check valve and the third thermal valve are located, the output of the expansion unit is connected to the guide nozzle of the jet turbine, the first turbine shaft is located the impeller and disks of the heat generator, between the jet turbine and the first impeller there is a first dividing wall with an eccentric positioned by the hole, the output of the first impeller through the first non-return valve is connected to the second input of the heat generator, the first input of the heat generator is connected to the main entrance to the heat generator, the disks of the vortex generator are contained on the shaft of the second impeller and it is connected to the motor shaft, the disks of the vortex generator are made with recesses in the form of ball segments and guide channels deposited on the ends of the disks, forming three spiral vortex channels on each side of the disk, also along a cylindrical surface of the disks at an angle of 15 degrees to their generators, guide channels are applied, the disks attached to the shaft of the first impeller and the disks attached to the shaft of the second impeller have a mirror arrangement of the guide channels, forming three vortex spiral channels on each side of the disk and rotate in opposite directions, between the disks of the vortex generator are located dividing walls having peripheral holes for the formation of channels of movement of the steam-water mixture along the axis of the heat and steam generator from the second section tion wall to the second impeller, the second partition wall being continuous without holes.

 The heat and steam generator is characterized in that there is a jet turbine in the case and two impellers rotating in opposite directions, the first impeller rotates together with the jet turbine, and the second impeller from the electric motor.

 The heat and steam generator is characterized in that the output of the first impeller is connected to the second input of the heat generator through the first bypass valve, and the first entrance to

the heat generator is directly connected to the main input of the heat generator.

The heat and steam generator is characterized in that the output of the second impeller is connected via the third thermal valve to the main output of the heat and steam generator and is connected to the expansion block, in which the second check valve is located, the output of the expansion block is connected to the guide nozzle for the jet turbine. The heat and steam generator is characterized in that the disks attached to the shaft of the second impeller have a mirror arrangement of the guide channels, forming three vortex spiral channels on each side of the disk and rotate in opposite directions.

In the study of the distinguishing features of the claimed invention did not reveal any known similar solutions.

The analysis of the prior art by the applicant, including a search by patent and scientific and technical sources of information available to the applicant, identifying sources containing information about analogues of the claimed invention, made it possible to establish that no analogue was found, characterized by features identical to all the essential features of the claimed invention. The determination of the prototype analogues identified as the closest analogous set of essential features made it possible to identify the set of essential features in relation to the technical result perceived by the applicant as distinctive features in the claimed device set forth in the formula. Therefore, the claimed technical solution meets the criterion of "Novelty."

The principle of operation of the device

The heat and steam generator works as follows.

After filling the heating system with a working fluid (water), the electric motor drive 22 is turned on, which drives the working disks 16 and 18 (Fig. 6), which rotates with the fluid located in the cavity between the disc 15 (Fig. 7), the fourth 17 and fifth 19 (Fig. 8) by the separation walls and the housing 21, as well as the movement of the working disks 13 and 15 (Fig. 7) from the drive of the jet turbine 1 (Fig. 2), between the partition walls 12, 14 (Fig. 8).

In this case, the fluid moves from the central zone of the cavity to the periphery, twists, undergoes compression and rarefaction cycles - cavitation, the formation of which is promoted by: notches in the form of spherical segments of the disks 13, 15, 16, 18 and deposited on the ends of the disks 13, 15, 16, 18 guide channels formed by three

vortex spiral channels on each side of the disk 13, 15, 16, 18, and along the channels in the dividing walls 12, 14, 17, 19 (Fig. 8) and channels at an angle of 15 degrees to the generatrix of the cylindrical surface of the disks 13, 15, 16, 18 steam-water mixture moves along the axis of the heat generator towards the second impeller. Making recesses in the form of spherical segments on the dividing walls 12, 14, 17, 19, and applied to their ends of the guide channels formed by three spiral vortex channels on each side cause the formation of a stable vortex movement arovodyanoy mixture from the center to the periphery of the disc and a swirling motion along the surfaces of the disks 13, 15, 16, 18 through openings in the separation walls 14, 17, 19, which increases the cavitation process. Thousands of rarefaction and compression zones are created, friction occurs between the working disks 13, 15, 16, and 18, the housing 21 and the liquid.

When the temperature of the liquid (water) 95-105 degrees Celsius at the exit of the second impeller (Figure 5), the third thermal valve 28. and through the second check valve 27. the liquid (water) enters the expansion unit 2., where there is a sharp boiling of liquid (water) and, accordingly, a sharp increase in pressure, at which the second non-return valve 27. closes, and the steam-water mixture at the critical temperature of vaporization - Tkr and critical pressure Pkr comes from the expansion unit 2 through the guide nozzle for jet turbine s 3 to reactive turbine 1 (2), which rotates. When converting the potential energy of superheated steam into the mechanical energy of rotation of a jet turbine 1, the temperature of the steam decreases and the pressure decreases, the steam turns into a water finely dispersed mixture (fog), which enters through the first separation wall 10 (Figure 3), through an eccentrically placed hole in its lower part to the region of the first impeller 11 (Figure 4), a finely dispersed mixture (fog) is collected in the lower part of the region of the first impeller 11 (Figure 4).

The rotation of the impeller 11, due to centrifugal forces, ensures the removal of the finely dispersed mixture (fog) and the resulting water through the first non-return valve 26. and the second entrance to the heat generator in the area between the disks 15 and 16 of the heat generator. From the heating system at the main entrance to the heat generator 9, through the first entrance to the heat generator 5, liquid (water) enters the region between the second dividing wall 12 (Fig. 9), and the disk 15 of the heat generator. When the disks 13 and 15 of the heat generator rotate, a process similar to the processes occurring between the disk 15 and the fifth dividing wall 19 occurs — the heating process.

In the claimed technical solution there are three well-known physical phenomena: friction during the rapid rotation of water; cavitation bubbles in a stream of water; synthesis of water molecules, i.e. their connection to associates. It was found that when 10% of water molecules are combined into associates, water instantly boils. Thus, intense heating of the liquid and / or the formation of steam occurs, depending on the speed, the number of recesses on the working surfaces of the working disks, dividing walls and the housing.

For unloading the heat and steam generator during its operation, a third thermal valve 28, a second check valve 27, an expansion unit 2 are provided, through which, when the internal energy of superheated steam is selected by conversion into mechanical energy on the jet turbine 1, and the return of the water cooled on the jet turbine 1 through the first check valve 26 to the second entrance to the heat generator 6. The resulting mechanical energy on the jet turbine 1 is used (utilized) in the heat generator itself, th It saves electric power to extend or 22 processes vaporization power band by adjusting the parameters of the first check valve 26, second check valve 27 and the thermo-valve 28 treteo.

The claimed invention is used in heating systems of buildings, industrial buildings, for heating, disinfection of water for domestic and industrial needs. In the future, it is planned to use it in vehicles, which will ensure the production of hot water and steam in an environmentally friendly way, since not accompanied by the release of toxic substances or radioactive emissions into the atmosphere. Based on the foregoing, the claimed technical solution meets the criterion of "Industrial applicability".

Claims (5)

1. Cavitation drive heat-generating steam generator, comprising a working body consisting of a housing, covers, heat-generating steam working disks, first and second impellers, dividing walls, two check valves, a third thermal valve, an expansion block for forming a steam-water mixture and a jet turbine, characterized in that the disks the heat and steam generator is made with recesses in the form of spherical segments and guiding channels deposited on the ends of the disks, forming three vortex spiral channels on each side of the disk, along the cylindrical surface of the disks at an angle of 15 ° to their generatrix, guide channels are applied to direct the steam-water mixture along the axis of the heat and steam generator towards the second impeller. 2. The heat and steam generator according to claim 1, characterized in that a jet turbine and two impellers are rotated in opposite directions, the first impeller rotates together with the jet turbine, and the second impeller rotates from the electric motor. 3. The heat generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the output of the first impeller is connected to the second input of the heat generator through the first bypass valve, and the first entrance to the heat generator is directly connected to the main input of the heat generator. 4. The heat generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the output of the second impeller is connected through the third thermal valve to the main output of the heat generator and is connected to an expansion block in which the second check valve is located, the output of the expansion block is connected to a guide nozzle for a jet turbine. 5. The heat generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the disks attached to the shaft of the second impeller have a mirror arrangement of the guide channels forming three vortex spiral channels on each side of the disk and rotate in opposite directions.