RU2269075C1 - Cavitation-turbulent heat generator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heat power engineering, applicable in liquid heating systems used for heating of residential buildings and industrial-purpose structures.

SUBSTANCE: the cavitation-turbulent heat generator has a body with feed and discharge branch-pipes, a stator is installed in the body, it has two annular disks perforated by through holes, and two rotors installed between the disks of the stator with a gap relative to each other and the disks of the stator installed on independent shafts having independent drives and rotating in the opposite directions. Each rotor is made in the form of a step-like disk with a thickened central part and a thinned peripheral part. Radially directed blades are installed on the outer plane of the rotor disk central part, they are closed by an annular plate forming a peripheral pump. The outer diameter of the annular plate equals the diameter of the thickened central part of the rotor, and the inside diameter exceeds the diameter of the drive shaft forming the inlet opening of the peripheral pump. The stator annular disks are installed in the body coaxially relative to the projections of the central parts of the rotor disks. The inlet branch-pipes are positioned on the side surfaces of the body opposite the inlet openings of the peripheral pumps, and the outlet branch-pipes are located on the peripheral surface of the body opposite the thinned peripheral disks of the rotors.

EFFECT: enhanced efficiency, of liquid heating due to the intensified heating process.

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Description

The invention relates to a power system and can be used in fluid heating systems used for heating residential buildings and industrial facilities.

Currently, heat pumps are increasingly being used as heat generators. When working in these devices, a reverse cycle is performed, i.e. there is an absorption of heat from the environment with subsequent transfer to its body with a higher temperature.

Known devices of heat pumps using changes in the physico-mechanical parameters of the medium, in particular pressure and volume, to produce thermal energy.

Known rotary heat pump, protected by RF patent No. 2159901 (published on 11.27.2000) and heat pump, protected by RF patent No. 2160417 (published on 12.12.2000), having a hollow body with a suction pipe for supplying a heated fluid and a discharge pipe for removing the heated liquids located inside the rotor body in the form of a centrifugal wheel with holes along the periphery and a stator with holes installed coaxially with the rotor.

Known cavitation-vortex heat generator, protected by the certificate of the Russian Federation for utility model No. 29127 (published 04/27/2003), having a housing with nozzles for supplying a heated fluid and the removal of heated fluid, located inside the rotor housing, made in the form of two coaxial perforated through holes of disks installed with a gap relative to each other on independent shafts having independent drives and rotating towards each other. For the prototype of the claimed invention, a cavitation-vortex heat generator was selected (application for the grant of a patent of the Russian Federation No. 2002119773/06, 7 F 24 J 3/00), comprising a housing having nozzles for supplying a heated fluid and removing heated fluid, a stator located inside the housing, made in in the form of one or more annular disks perforated through holes, a rotor made in the form of two disks perforated through holes mounted with a gap relative to each other on independent shafts with independent drives s and rotating towards each other.

The technical result, to which the claimed invention is directed, is to increase the heating efficiency due to the intensification of the heating process.

The indicated technical result is achieved in that the fluid is heated sequentially in several zones of fluid passage through the structural elements of the cavitation-vortex heat generator: in two swirl pumps, in two cavities between the starter grids and the rotor ring gratings, in the cavity between the rotor gratings.

The drawing shows a diagram of a cavitation-vortex heat generator.

The cavitation-vortex heat generator consists of a housing 1 with inlet 2 and outlet 3 nozzles, in which a stator is installed, consisting of two annular perforated through holes of the disks 4 and two coaxial rotors 5, mounted between the stator disks with a gap relative to each other and the stator disks, mounted on independent shafts 6 having independent independent drives and rotating in opposite directions. Each of the rotors 5 is made in the form of a stepped disk with a thickened central part 7 and a refined peripheral part 8. In this case, the annular disks of the stator are installed in the housing coaxially relative to the protrusions of the central parts 7 of the rotors. On the outer plane of the Central part 7 of the rotor disk mounted radially directed blades 9, closed by an annular plate 10, forming a vortex pump. The outer diameter of the annular plate 10 is equal to the diameter of the thickened central part of the rotor, and the inner diameter is made larger than the diameter of the drive shaft, forming the inlet opening 11 of the swirl pump. The inlet nozzles 2 are located on the side surfaces of the housing 1 opposite the inlet openings 11 of the swirl pumps, and the outlet nozzles 3 are located on the peripheral surface of the housing 1 opposite the thinned peripheral parts 8 of the rotor disks.

Cavitation-vortex heat generator works as follows.

The liquid due to the rarefaction created in the swirl pumps from the supply nozzles 2 through the inlet openings 11, enters the inter-blade space (zone A), where the primary energy excitation of the molecular structures of the liquid occurs due to the occurrence of local swirl regions, cavitation zones, and high-speed reorientation of molecular structures and as a result, the first stage of heating.

Then, the fluid enters the cavity in front of the gratings (perforation) of the annular disks 4 of the stator (zone B), where there is fluid inhibition and excess pressure. Here, the molecular structures of the liquid tend to return to their original state, which also leads to the release of energy.

Further, the liquid rushes into the channels 12 of the gratings of the stator ring disks, through which it passes in a pulsed mode with the frequency of opening of the channels, which occurs when the perforation holes of the stator ring disks coincide with the holes of the rotor disk perforation, and enters the cavities between the movable rotor disks and the stationary ring stator disks zone B), where the primary vortex field arises.

In these cavities, the next stage in the reconstruction of the molecular structures of the liquid occurs. The fluid vortices formed in these cavities have a rotation speed around their axis of about 35,000 revolutions per second. Cavitation arising here also contributes to the release of energy, which is spent on heating the liquid.

Having passed through the open channels of the fixed gratings of the annular disks of the stator and the moving gratings of the rotors into the cavity between the rotor gratings rotating in opposite directions in parallel planes (zone D), the fluid acquires a strictly oriented rotational motion. Here, many “vortex cords-tornadoes” are formed, in which the molecular structures of the liquid, in addition to strict orientation, are affected by “disturbing” factors. This is a pulsating pressure change corresponding to the frequency of the opening of the channels of the gratings of the ring disks of the stator, as well as the interaction of the boundary layers of the tornado, where oriented molecular structures collide. All this leads to the release of a large amount of energy directed in the generator to heat the liquid.

According to the calculations, the “tornado vortices” formed here have a high rotation speed of more than 70,000 rpm. As a result of the centrifugal forces acting here, a rarefaction occurs along the axis of such “tornado cords”, leading to the formation of cavitation cavernous bubbles, i.e. cavitation that occurs with a frequency corresponding to the closure frequency of the channels of the gratings of the annular stator disks, i.e. lowering the pressure. The collapse of cavitation bubbles according to Rayleigh studies is accompanied by pressure surges in the boundary layers up to 10,000 atm and temperatures up to 5,000 ° C. The physicochemical changes taking place in this case, both of molecular structures and of the energy parameters of molecular interactions in a liquid, lead to the release of a large amount of energy.

Tornado Cords occupy the entire volume between the rotor grilles. As a result, a “cavitation vortex field” is formed, which, under the influence of centrifugal forces, rushes to the outer boundary of the rotor gratings and then to the generator outlet pipe. Due to the high speed of the processes taking place in the generator and the high velocity of the fluid, the "cavitation vortex field" does not affect the structural elements of the generator.

As a result of exposure to cavitation fluid of high-speed vortex flows of high-frequency pressure pulsation, the equilibrium (latent) state of the energy interaction of the liquid molecules is violated, which leads to the release of a large amount of energy.

Claims (1)

Cavitation-vortex heat generator, comprising a housing with inlet and outlet pipes, a stator located inside the housing, made in the form of two annular disks perforated through holes, rotors made in the form of two coaxial disks mounted with a gap relative to each other between the stator disks mounted on independent shafts having independent independent drives, and rotating towards each other, characterized in that each of the rotors is made in the form of a stepped disk with a thickened center The central part and the refined peripheral part, on the outer plane of the central part of the rotor disk, are mounted radially directed vanes, closed by an annular plate, forming a vortex pump, the annular stator disks are installed coaxially relative to the protrusions of the central parts of the rotor disks, inlet pipes are located on the side surfaces of the case in the region the inlet openings of the swirl pumps, and the outlet nozzles are located on the peripheral surface of the housing opposite the refined peripheral parts rotors.