KR102486538B1 - Concrete floor finishing construction method using water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a concrete floor finishing construction method using a water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent, which has high durability and excellent integration with a concrete floor by finishing and constructing the concrete floor by using an inorganic filling repair agent and a nano-inorganic coating agent, and has excellent heat resistance, dust protection, and flame resistance while increasing construction precision by using a water-soluble coating agent made in a nano-size. According to the present invention, a floor surface constructed by the construction method has a nonflammable or a semi-nonflammable property which is not burned in a fire, has excellent chemical resistance, pollution resistance, slip resistance, salt water resistance, and wear resistance when constructed by using organic paint and organic/inorganic mixed coating agents, and has excellent resistance against sunlight, namely weather protection.

Description

Concrete floor finishing construction method using water-soluble nano inorganic coating {CONCRETE FLOOR FINISHING CONSTRUCTION METHOD USING WATER-SOLUBLE NANO-INORGANIC COATING AGENT}

The present invention relates to a concrete floor finishing construction method, and more particularly, after concrete floor construction, concrete floor finishing construction is performed using an inorganic filler and a water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent, thereby providing excellent unity with the concrete floor, durability and heat resistance, It relates to a concrete floor finishing construction method using a water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent with excellent dustproof and flame retardant properties.

In general, when constructing the floor of various buildings or structures with concrete, a finishing step is performed to supplement or improve the disadvantages of the concrete floor, such as chemical resistance, contamination resistance, and abrasion resistance, using a separate finishing material.

Floor finishing materials used to supplement and reinforce these concrete floors can be classified into organic floor finishing materials and inorganic floor finishing materials according to their main components. For organic floor finishing materials, products using epoxy, urethane or acrylic resin are typical. It has excellent texture, color can be realized as desired, crack occurrence is low, and maintenance after construction is easy.

However, despite the disadvantage that organic floor finishing materials are generally weak to ultraviolet rays and may peel off from inorganic concrete floors, floor finishing materials using epoxy, among organic series, have been most commonly used for concrete surface finishing construction.

In addition, organic floor finishing materials contain volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which not only have a harmful effect on the human body when used inside buildings or underground parking lots, but also emit toxic gases in the event of a fire. It is dwindling.

Inorganic floor finishing materials, which are increasingly replacing organic floor finishing materials, can be largely classified into powder hardeners, inorganic liquid hardeners, and polymer cement mortar.

Powder hardener is a cement that uses an abrasion resistant material such as iron, artificial silica sand, emery sand, and stone powder instead of sand, and may be used by mixing inorganic pigments that are not discolored by ultraviolet rays and have excellent alkali resistance for aesthetics. In the construction method using powder hardener, after pouring concrete and compacting it horizontally, when the concrete is completely hardened and the moisture is low enough to put on the scaffolding, powder hardener is evenly sprayed and finished with a finisher. It shows relatively excellent performance compared to the construction price, and has the advantage of excellent unity with the concrete floor and high durability.

Inorganic liquid hardeners include magnesium silicate fluoride (MgSiF ₈ ), zinc silicofluoride (ZnSiF ₈ ), sodium silicate (Na ₂ SiO ₂ ), potassium silicate (K ₂ SiO ₂ ), and lithium silicate (Li ₂ SiO ₂ ). , it chemically reacts with the free lime and alkali components of concrete to densify the concrete surface structure. In addition, the inorganic liquid hardener has the advantage of minimizing dust generation, enhancing wear resistance, and preventing neutralization by preventing carbonation of the surface of the concrete base and forming an insoluble film.

The construction method using the inorganic liquid hardener is to clean the concrete floor, such as washing if necessary, and then apply the liquid hardener evenly once or twice with a roller, rake, or rolling pin to finish. In this way, inorganic liquid hardeners are convenient for construction and have a good effect on enhancing the initial strength of general concrete, but if the substrate is poor, it is difficult to exert a great effect. There is a disadvantage that it cannot be said to be a fundamental solution to structural fragmentation. In addition, since it is a transparent liquid material, there is a disadvantage in that it is aesthetically disadvantageous, such as the color of the concrete itself or the contaminated surface being exposed as it is.

Polymer cement mortar is the most recently developed inorganic-based flooring material. Its basic composition is cement such as Portland cement, cement, ultra-fast alumina cement, etc., inorganic fillers such as silica sand and calcium carbonate, antifoaming agent, dispersing agent, water reducing agent, fluidizing agent, and accelerator. , and various additives such as a retardant are mixed. In order to improve physical properties such as adhesion, tensile strength, and watertightness, a certain amount of liquid or solid polymer is incorporated into the basic composition in the form of powder. The construction method is to coat the polymer emulsion-based undercoat once or twice, apply the above-mentioned mortar as an intermediate material to a thickness of about 3 to 10 mm once with a sheepskin or a dedicated sprayer, cure it, and select an appropriate top coat coating agent to finish. go through the steps

Polymer cement mortar has excellent construction efficiency, shortens the construction period, has excellent physical strength such as compressive strength, tensile strength, bending strength, and adhesive strength, as well as excellent impact resistance and freezing resistance. There are advantages to being able to. In addition, performance improvements such as chemical resistance, abrasion resistance, and water resistance can be expected by selecting an appropriate top coat coating agent.

However, since it is constructed on top of the existing concrete, if the contraction and expansion rates of the intermediate material and the existing concrete are different, the adhesive strength is lowered. There is a problem in that phenomena such as cracking, peeling, and dropping may occur. In addition, if an organic coating agent such as epoxy, urethane, or acrylic is used as a top coat coating agent, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are released during construction, polluting the environment and harming the human body.

Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1255191 includes a step of applying a penetrating concrete reinforcing agent including inorganic alkaline sodium silicate and a synthetic polymer and a step of spraying a silicon carbide material to obtain a smooth and semi-permanent gloss effect, dustproofing and Disclosed is a nanoplate polishing method having excellent water resistance.

In addition, Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1703947 discloses a step of applying a penetrating primer, a step of applying an intermediate material composition composed of an organic/inorganic composite main material and an acrylic resin composition, and a step of applying an organic solvent type or water-soluble epoxy resin. Including, a floor construction method using an inorganic floor reinforcing agent composition having excellent adhesive strength and compressive strength is disclosed.

In addition, Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1758650 discloses concrete ceramic polishing with excellent processing precision and uniformity of the concrete floor surface, including a surface grinding step, a defect repair step, a surface density reinforcement step, and a ceramic coating step with an epoxy resin as the main component. The construction method is disclosed.

However, as the concrete floor construction methods disclosed in the above-mentioned patent documents perform finishing construction using components that are dissimilar to or less elastic than the concrete floor, the bonding force with the concrete floor is very low, resulting in a short durability period as well as continuous and frequent maintenance There was a problem with the need for repairs.

In addition, the concrete floor construction methods disclosed in the above patent documents have problems with high surface strength or excellent durability required for floors of external concrete structures such as parking lots, and excellent surface strength required for floors of indoor concrete structures including semiconductor clean rooms. There was a problem that it did not satisfy dustproofness, flameproofness, and high construction precision.

In addition, the concrete floor construction methods disclosed in the above-mentioned patent documents use organic-inorganic mixed-type fillers such as cement-based fillers or epoxy-based fillers with polymers added, and the coating agent applied on top of the concrete uses epoxy-based or organic-inorganic mixed-type coating agents. According to this, there is still a limitation that it is not environmentally friendly compared to the construction method that adopts a filling agent or coating agent consisting only of pure nano-inorganic components.

Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-1255191 (2013.04.10. Registration) Republic of Korea Patent No. 10-1703947 (2017.02.01. registration) Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-1758650 (registered on July 11, 2017)

The present invention is intended to solve the above-described problems, and by using an inorganic filler and a water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent to finish the concrete floor, it has excellent unity with the concrete floor and high durability, as well as specially processed water-soluble nano-size. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a concrete floor finishing construction method using a water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent with excellent heat resistance, dustproofness, and flame retardancy while increasing construction precision by using a coating agent.

A concrete floor finishing construction method using a water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent to solve the above-mentioned technical problems includes a surface cleaning step of removing foreign substances and contamination present on the concrete floor finishing construction target surface; Grinding the concrete floor finishing work surface for the first time using a metal grinder equipped with a metal grinding pad with a metal grit of 30 on a grinder equipment that can apply pressure to the floor surface with a load of 500Kg or more. After that, the surface primary grinding step of sequentially grinding the surface of the object using a metal grinder equipped with a metal polishing pad of 60 and 120 metal grit; Surface primary dust removal step of removing dust generated on the concrete floor finishing construction target surface after the surface primary grinding step; The surface penetrating agent, which is prepared by mixing 30 to 50% by weight of water, 5 to 15% by weight of surfactant, 10 to 30% by weight of silicone, and 30 to 50% by weight of silicate, penetrates the surface of the finished concrete floor from which dust has been removed. a surface penetration step of enhancing durability by increasing the surface density of the target surface; 20 to 30% by weight of cement, 5 to 20% by weight of calcium carbonate, 5 to 20% by weight of barium sulfate, 20 to 40% by weight of silica sand, and 20 to 40% by weight of a water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent. A surface filling step of filling and repairing defects of the concrete floor finishing construction target surface generated after the first surface grinding step; After the surface filling step, the surface to be finished for concrete floor finishing is first ground by using a ceramic resin grinder equipped with a ceramic pad of 50 ceramic resin grit on the grinder equipment, and then ceramic resin grit 100, 200, 400, 800, 1500 and 3000 ceramic pads sequentially used to precisely grind the surface of the object secondary surface grinding step; A secondary surface dust removal step of removing dust generated on the surface of the concrete floor finishing construction after the surface secondary grinding step; A surface masking step of protecting a portion where the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating is not to be applied to the surface of the concrete floor finishing construction that has been smoothly ground through the secondary surface grinding step using a masking member; After the surface masking step, a surface coating step of applying a water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent to the concrete floor finishing construction target surface; A masking member removal step of removing the masking member used in the masked portion in the surface masking step after the surface coating step; A surface drying step of curing the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating applied to the surface of the concrete floor finish to dry well, wherein the water-soluble nano-mineral coating contains 1 to 5% by weight of silicon, 10 to 20% by weight of silica sol, and 20% silane to 30% by weight, 20 to 40% by weight of distilled water and 0.1 to 1% by weight of plasticizer, 5 to 20% by weight of inorganic powder having a size of 150 to 950 nm, 1 to 5% by weight of an inorganic pigment having a size of 100 to 900 nm , Additives are mixed in a ratio of 0.1 to 5% by weight, and the additives are mixed in a ratio of 25% by weight of antifoaming agent, 15% by weight of surface control additive, 35% by weight of dispersant and 25% by weight of thickener.

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The present invention fills and repairs defects such as cracks on the concrete floor using an inorganic filling repair agent, and uses a water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent to apply and apply to the concrete floor finishing construction target surface, The inorganic nano-coating layer formed on the top of the concrete floor finish construction surface forms a strong bond with the concrete floor, resulting in excellent unity and durability, and high construction precision.

In addition, the present invention does not use organic coating agents such as epoxy, urethane, and acrylic as a top coat coating agent at all, but uses only a water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent to apply the concrete floor finish construction target surface, thereby providing an eco-friendly solution in which volatile organic compounds are not released at all. It is not only a construction method, but also has other advantages such as excellent heat resistance, dust resistance, flame resistance, and contamination resistance.

In addition, when the concrete floor is coated and constructed by adopting a water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent, the constructed floor surface has non-flammable or semi-inflammable properties that do not burn, and is better than when constructed using organic paints and organic-inorganic mixed coating agents. It has other advantages such as excellent chemical resistance, excellent resistance to sunlight, excellent weather resistance, stain resistance, slip resistance, salt water resistance and abrasion resistance.

1 is a flowchart showing a concrete floor finishing construction method using a water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a photograph of a metal grit used in the first surface grinding step.
3 is a photograph of a ceramic resin grit used in the surface secondary grinding step.
Figure 4 is a test report for the alkali resistance measurement test results of the quality inspection test of the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating.
Figure 5 is a test report for the acid resistance measurement test results of the quality inspection test of the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating.
Figure 6 is a test report for the results of the bending resistance measurement test during the quality inspection test of the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating.
7 is a test report for the results of the accelerated weathering resistance measurement test during the quality inspection test of the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent.
8 and 9 are test reports for the stain resistance measurement test results of the quality inspection test of the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent.
10 is a test report for the color measurement test results of the quality inspection test of the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent.
11 is a test report for the impact resistance measurement test results of the quality inspection test of the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent.
12 is a test report for the results of the adhesion measurement test during the quality inspection test of the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent.
13 is a test report for the test results of measuring the concealment rate during the quality inspection test of the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent.
14 is a test report for the diffuse reflectance measurement test results of the quality inspection test of the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent.
15 and 16 are test reports for the smoke toxicity index measurement test results of water-soluble nano-inorganic coatings.
17 to 19 are test reports for smoke density measurement test results of water-soluble nano-inorganic coatings.
20 is a graph of the smoke density characteristic measurement results of RFP composites for railway vehicle interior materials conducted by the Korea Railroad Research Institute.
21 and 22 are test reports for the semi-incombustibility measurement test results by the cone calorimeter method of water-soluble nano-inorganic coatings.
23 to 26 are test reports for the environmental mark certification test inspection results of water-soluble nano-inorganic coatings.
27 is a photograph showing the results of observing the surface state after finishing a concrete floor using a water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent prepared according to an embodiment of the present invention as a concrete floor finishing agent.

Embodiments according to the present invention disclosed below are exemplified for the purpose of clearly explaining the characteristics and effects of the present invention and methods for achieving them, and the present invention may be embodied in various forms of other embodiments. and is not limited to the embodiments described herein.

The accompanying drawings are only intended to facilitate understanding of the embodiments according to the present invention disclosed below, and the technical spirit of the present invention is not limited by the accompanying drawings, and is included in the technical spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be understood to include all modifications, equivalents or substitutes.

Terms used below are used only to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In this application, the terms "include" or "have" are intended to designate that there is a feature, number, step, operation, component, part, or combination thereof described in the specification, but one or more other features It should be understood that it does not preclude the possibility of the presence or addition of numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

Unless defined otherwise, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. Terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having meanings consistent with the meanings in the context of the related art, and unless explicitly defined in this application, they should not be interpreted in ideal or excessively formal meanings. don't

Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

Referring to Figure 1, the concrete floor finishing construction method using a water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent according to an embodiment of the present invention, the target surface cleaning step, the surface first grinding step, the first surface dust removal step, the surface penetration step, the surface It includes a filling step, a surface secondary grinding step, a surface secondary dust removal step, a surface masking step, a surface coating step, a masking member removal step, and a surface drying step.

The target surface cleaning step is a step of removing unnecessary foreign substances or contamination present on the target surface to be finished with the concrete floor using a water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent, such foreign substances or contamination are removed from the water-soluble nano-mineral coating agent and concrete It can be a factor that weakens the bonding strength between the surfaces of the floor finishing construction and the durability of the water-soluble inorganic nano-coating layer.

The first surface grinding step is a step of grinding the surface to be finished on the concrete floor using a metal grinder, which removes and flattens unnecessary protrusions such as lattice generated during concrete curing, and applies surface penetrating agents or water-soluble nanoparticles applied in the following process. It is to increase the permeability of the inorganic coating agent.

The first surface grinding step is performed by using a metal grinder equipped with metal grinding pads of different roughness, as shown in FIG. It is preferable to repeat the grinding process several times or more. In one embodiment of the present invention, first, the concrete floor finish construction target surface is first ground using a metal grinder equipped with a metal polishing pad of 30 metal grit. do it Then, use a metal grinder equipped with a metal abrasive pad of 60 metal grit for secondary grinding, and finally, use a metal grinder equipped with a metal abrasive pad of 120 metal grit for 3rd grinding. As a grinding process, that is, the surface grinding process is performed using a metal grinder equipped with a metal grit metal polishing pad in order of roughness from large to small roughness. At this time, it goes without saying that grinding is not performed only once with a metal polishing pad of the same roughness, but after performing the grinding operation two or more times, and then proceeding to the grinding operation of the metal polishing pad of the next roughness. In addition, by using grinder equipment capable of applying pressure to the floor surface with a load of 500 Kg or more in the first surface grinding step and the second surface grinding step, there is an advantage in that workability is excellent and grinding work can be performed quickly and evenly.

The first surface dust removal step removes the dust generated in the surface primary grinding step using an inhaler, etc., and the surface secondary dust removal step removes the dust generated in the surface secondary grinding step using an inhaler. As a step of removing, although it may be performed separately after finishing the first surface grinding step and the second surface grinding step, the first surface dust removal step is performed by using a device equipped with a grinding device and a suction device. Step and the surface secondary dust removal step may be performed simultaneously with the secondary surface grinding step. The surface dust removal step is to remove the factor that weakens the bonding force between the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent and the concrete floor finish construction target surface and the durability of the water-soluble inorganic nano-coating layer by dust, similar to the target surface cleaning step.

The surface penetration step is a step of infiltrating the surface penetrant into the dust-free concrete floor finishing construction target surface to increase the surface density of the target surface to enhance durability, 30 to 50% by weight of water, 5 to 15% by weight of surfactant, It is preferable to use a mixture of 10 to 30% by weight of silicon and 30 to 50% by weight of silicate. By using a surface penetrating agent, it is possible to increase surface density by filling numerous pores in concrete, thereby delaying neutralization of concrete and increasing surface strength, thereby preventing damage and deformation of concrete even when heavy objects such as forklifts pass through, extending the life of concrete. there is.

The surface filling step is a step of filling and repairing defects on the target surface, such as cracks or dents, which were originally formed on the concrete floor construction target surface using a filling repair agent or generated in the surface primary grinding step, The filler is composed of 20 to 30% by weight of cement, 5 to 20% by weight of calcium carbonate, 5 to 20% by weight of barium sulfate, 20 to 40% by weight of silica sand, and 20 to 40% by weight of a water-soluble nano-mineral coating agent. In particular, the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent contains 1 to 5% by weight of silicon, 10 to 20% by weight of silica sol, 20 to 30% by weight of silane, 20 to 40% by weight of distilled water and 0.1 to 1% by weight of plasticizer, and a size of 150 to 950 nm. 5 to 20% by weight of inorganic powder, 1 to 5% by weight of inorganic pigment having a size of 100 to 900 nm, and 0.1 to 5% by weight of additives, the additives being 25% by weight of antifoaming agent and 15% by weight of surface control additive %, it is preferable to use a composition mixed in a ratio of 35% by weight of the dispersant and 25% by weight of the thickener. This has the advantage of reducing the sense of difference with the concrete floor construction target surface by using the inorganic filler, which is a water-soluble nano-inorganic mixture.

In the filler repair agent, cement is added to give a kind of adhesive effect, and it is preferably mixed in an amount of 20 to 30% by weight. This is because, when mixed in an amount exceeding 30% by weight, the viscosity may be too high, resulting in a decrease in work efficiency.

In addition, calcium carbonate and barium sulfate in the filling agent are added to maintain appropriate viscosity by filling in the gaps in the silica sand due to their small and constant particles, and are preferably mixed in an amount of 5 to 20% by weight, respectively. However, this is inconvenient to use because calcium carbonate and barium sulfate are mixed in an amount of less than 5% by weight, respectively, due to low viscosity and poor flowability. because it can be bad.

In addition, in the filler repair agent, silica sand is added as a filler, and it is preferable to mix it in an amount of 20 to 40% by weight, which can cause a problem in that strength is weakened when silica sand is mixed in an amount of less than 20% by weight. This is because, when mixed in an amount exceeding 40% by weight, a problem of weakening the adhesion may occur.

In addition, it is preferable to mix the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent in the filling agent in an amount of 20 to 40% by weight, which means that when the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent is mixed in an amount of less than 20% by weight, the adhesion with cement is weak and the coating film is cracked. This is because there is a concern that this may occur, and when mixed at a ratio exceeding 40% by weight, the viscosity may increase too much, resulting in a decrease in work efficiency.

In the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent, silicon serves to smooth and lubricate the surface of the coating agent and increase gloss. If the content is less than 1% by weight, the coated floor surface feels rough and the gloss is low, and if the content exceeds 5% by weight, the coated floor surface is too slippery, and the gloss is too high, making it difficult to apply as a flooring material due to severe glare there is The silicone used may be characterized in that it is formed by mixing at least one of a polydimethylsiloxane mixture, a cyclosiloxane mixture, a methylsiloxane mixture, a cyclotetrasiloxane mixture, and an ethylsiloxane mixture. In addition, silica sol is a nano-silica aqueous solution having a size of 10 to 100 nm and serves to increase the strength of the coating agent. If the content is less than 10% by weight, the strength is lowered. can break Silane serves to increase adhesion, and if the content is less than 20% by weight, the adhesion is weak, and if it exceeds 30%, the unit price of the product increases and the storage property deteriorates. The silanes used are tetramethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane, methyltrimethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, ethyltrimethoxysilane, n-propyltrimethoxysilane, isobutyltriethoxysilane, isobutyltrimethoxysilane. Toxysilane, phenyltrimethoxysilane, n-octyltriethoxysilane, chloropropyltrimethoxysilane, chloropropyltriethoxysilane, decyltrimethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, aminoethylaminopropyltrimethoxy It may be characterized in that it is composed of at least one of silane, 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, and 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane. there is.

In addition, in the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent, distilled water refers to pure water prepared by heating tap water to generate water vapor and cooling the produced water vapor, and does not contain various organic substances and inorganic substances, and has a pH of 7.

In addition, in the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent, the plasticizer imparts flexibility to the coating agent to reduce cracks or cracks caused by impact. If the content is less than 0.1% by weight, the effect is insignificant, and if the content is more than 1% by weight, the scratch resistance is weak and the service life is shortened.

In addition, the inorganic powder having a size of 150 to 950 nm in the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent increases the coating film thickness of the inorganic coating agent and improves scratch resistance. If the content is less than 5% by weight, the volume of the coating agent is low, resulting in poor workability, and if the content exceeds 20% by weight, the viscosity is too high, resulting in poor workability. Inorganic powders include tourmaline, silicon oxide, alumina, loess, sericite, amethyst, raw ore, bamboo charcoal, Uiwang stone, gwiyang stone, obsidian stone, elvan, light stone, zirconia, cerium oxide, calcium carbonate, talc, silica sand, mica, kaolin, It may be characterized in that it is composed of any one or more of barium sulfate, limestone, peat, sepiolite, zinc oxide, and vermiculite.

In addition, the inorganic pigment having a size of 100 to 900 nm in the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent expresses the color of the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent. It is steamed and does not express the natural texture. Raw materials used can express colors such as chromium oxide (green), iron oxide (reddish brown), titanium oxide (white), copper chromium oxide (black), and cobalt oxide (blue).

In addition, in the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent, the additive is added to improve the workability and physical properties of the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent. Additives are added at a ratio of 25% by weight of antifoaming agent, 15% by weight of surface control additive, 35% by weight of dispersant and 25% by weight of thickener, and additive manufacturers include BYK, EFKA, AFCONA, Evonik (tego), Dow, and Sanopco. is being used a lot. BYK-017 was used as the antifoaming agent, BYK-333 as the surface control additive, DISPERBYK-194N as the dispersant, and LAPONITE RD as the thickener.

Such a water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent is also used for the purpose of a water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent, and by coating the surface of a concrete floor finishing construction, it can be strongly bonded with the concrete floor to increase integrity and anti-vibration. In addition, by adding nano-sized inorganic powder, construction precision can be achieved, durability, heat resistance, and flame retardancy can be improved, and concrete floors of various colors can be realized by adding nano-sized inorganic pigments.

The secondary surface grinding step is a step of flattening the concrete floor construction target surface by removing unnecessary protrusions generated after the surface filling step. As shown in FIG. 3, in this step, pressure is applied to the floor surface with a load of 500 Kg or more. Use a ceramic resin grinder equipped with a ceramic resin pad instead of a metal grinder in the available grinder equipment to perform grinding work once or twice or more. Even after the surface secondary grinding step, the surface dust removal step of removing dust generated during the grinding operation may be performed again.

The ceramic resin grinder has seven types of ceramic resin grit 50, 100, 200, 400, 800, 1500, and 3000. The lower the number, the greater the roughness, and the higher the number, the lower the roughness, so it feels soft when touched by hand. . Equipment for measuring the roughness of the floor surface after completing the secondary surface grinding step includes mitutoyo SJ-310, TAYLOR HOBSON's surtronic Duo II, BOWERS' IPX-104, and TIME's TR-3200.

As the ceramic resin grinder used in the secondary surface grinding step, it is preferable to use a ceramic resin grinder equipped with a ceramic pad of 50 ceramic resin grit. This is because the coating bonding strength with the nano-inorganic coating agent is strong, so it can be damaged by impact, and if the ceramic resin grit is higher than 50, the roughness is lowered, and the coating bonding strength with the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent is weak, which can cause the film to fall off.

The surface masking step is a step of protecting a part of the surface of the surface of the concrete floor finishing construction that is not to be coated with a water-soluble nano-inorganic coating or other structures such as a wall surface near the target surface using a masking member. The masking member is masking Use tape or covering tape. Of course, if there is no part to be protected from the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent, the surface masking step can be omitted.

The surface coating step is a step of uniformly applying a water-soluble nano-mineral coating agent to the surface of the concrete floor finishing construction, and the water-soluble nano-mineral coating agent can be sprayed using a spray or applied directly to the target surface using a roller. There will be, but at least once the application work is to be carried out.

The masking member removal step is a step of removing the masking member used in the surface masking step, and if the surface masking step is omitted, the execution of the operation can also be omitted, and if necessary, the next step, the surface drying step You may be able to work on it later.

The surface drying step is a step of curing the water-soluble nano-mineral coating applied to the surface of the concrete floor finishing construction to dry well, and going through a drying process for a certain period of time depending on the thickness or area of the water-soluble nano-mineral coating applied and other surrounding environments. let it be

Hereinafter, the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent according to an embodiment of the present invention can be more clearly understood by referring to the following examples. These examples are only for helping the understanding of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to these examples in any sense.

Preparation of water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent

According to an embodiment of the present invention, water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agents for the experimental group and the control group were prepared as shown in Table 1 below.

Water-soluble nano-inorganic coatings of the experimental group were prepared according to one embodiment of the present invention.

On the other hand, control groups 1 to 8 were prepared according to one embodiment of the present invention, but were prepared by making any one of the added raw materials different from the mixing ratio defined in the present invention. That is, the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent of Control 1 was prepared by excessively mixing the content of silicon, unlike the conditions defined in the present invention. The water-soluble nano-inorganic coating of Control 2 was prepared by mixing a smaller amount of silica sol than the conditions defined in the present invention. In addition, the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent of Control 3 was prepared by excessively mixing the content of silane, unlike the conditions defined in the present invention. In addition, the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating of Control 4 was prepared by excessively mixing distilled water, unlike the conditions defined in the present invention. In addition, the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent of Control 5 was prepared by excessively mixing the plasticizer content, unlike the conditions defined in the present invention. In addition, the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent of Control 6 was prepared by excessively mixing the content of the inorganic powder, unlike the conditions defined in the present invention. In addition, the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent of Control 7 was prepared by excessively mixing the content of the inorganic pigment, unlike the conditions defined in the present invention. In addition, the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating of Control 8 was prepared without adding additives, unlike the conditions defined in the present invention.

ingredient control group 1 control group 2 control group 3 control group 4 control group 5 control group 6 control group 7 control group 8 experimental group silicon 10 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 silica sol 13 5 13 14 15 14 15 16 16 Silane 26 28 40 25 27 23 25 28 26 Distilled water 30 39 27 45 31 25 30 35.5 35 plasticizer 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 minerals
powder 15 20 12 10 15 30 15 15 15 inorganic pigment 3 3 3 3 3 3 10 3 3 additive 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2 2.5 2.5 0 2.5 Sum 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

Physical property test results of water-soluble nano-inorganic coatings

Table 2 below shows the results of physical property experiments such as viscosity, specific gravity, solution state, drying time, complete drying time, flowability, and composition for the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent prepared according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in Table 2 below, the control group 1 has an excessive silicon content, resulting in a slippery floor surface and high gloss, resulting in severe glare, and the control group 2 has a low content ratio of silica sol, so that the coating durability is lowered and cracks occur. , In the control group 3, the content of silane is too high, so the bond between silane and other raw materials, that is, the siloxane bond (-Si-O-Si-) is formed strongly and the adhesion is improved, but the storage property is reduced and long-term storage is impossible. In the control group 4, the content of distilled water was too high, so it flowed down during painting, resulting in poor workability and a long drying time. The control group 5 has too high a plasticizer content, so it is vulnerable to scratch resistance and its service life is shortened. In the control group 6, the content ratio of the amount of inorganic powder is too high, so the adhesion is reduced, and the viscosity is too high, so the workability is not good. On the other hand, wear resistance and heat resistance can be improved. In the control group 7, the content of inorganic pigment is too high, so the concealment is good, but the color is too thick, so the bottom and natural look are not good, and the viscosity is too high, which partially causes crettering and poor workability. In the control group 8, there are a lot of bubbles because there are no additives among the additives, and the wettability of the concrete surface is insufficient during painting because there is no surface control additive. The color is not consistently expressed, and the viscosity is low because there is no thickener, so the workability is poor, and the storage is not good, so it precipitates and clumps. In the experimental group, the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent was prepared within the mixing ratio defined in the present invention, and the viscosity was suitable for work and the workability was excellent.

As a result, it was confirmed that the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating of the experimental group prepared according to an embodiment of the present invention had an appropriate mixing ratio of raw materials, so that the finally prepared coating was stabilized, and had excellent adhesion and wear resistance.

Test Items Viscosity
(cp/25℃) importance solution state drying time completely dry
hour flow Workability control group 1 82 0.98 Good 97 seconds 24 hours Good Good control group 2 72 0.97 Good 95 seconds 24 hours Good Good control group 3 80 1.01 Good 90 seconds 24 hours Good Good control group 4 79 1.01 Good 91 seconds 48 hours Good Good control group 5 98 1.03 Good 93 seconds 24 hours Good Good control group 6 230 1.15 Good 65 seconds 24 hours error error control group 7 150 1.11 Good 72 seconds 24 hours error error control group 8 95 1.03 Good 92 seconds 24 hours Good Good experimental group 93 1.03 Good 90 seconds 24 hours Good Good

Quality test results of water-soluble nano-inorganic coatings

In order to use it as a concrete floor finishing construction agent for the experimental group in which the physical properties of the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent showed the best according to Example 2 above, a quality inspection was conducted by requesting the Korea Conformity Laboratories, and the results are shown in the table below. 3 and FIGS. 4 to 14.

Quality tests for the water-soluble nano-inorganic coatings of the experimental group were conducted for alkali resistance, acid resistance, bending resistance, accelerated weather resistance, stain resistance, color, impact resistance, adhesion, hiding rate, and diffuse reflectance. confirmed to indicate

Test Items Test method and test environment test institute Test result alkali resistance KS M ISO 2812-1:2012
(Immersed in 5% NaOH for 168 hours,
Temperature 23±2℃, Humidity 45±5% RH) Korea construction life
Environmental Testing Research Institute clear acid resistance KS M ISO 2812-1:2012
(Immersed in 5% H ₂ SO ₄ for 168 hours,
Temperature 23±2℃, Humidity 45±5% RH) clear bending resistance KS M 5000 : 2014
(10mm, temperature 23±2℃, humidity 45±5% RH) clear accelerated weathering Exterior KS M ISO 4892-3:2012, KS M 5000:2009
(UVA-340, 600 hours, temperature 23±2℃) clear Color difference (ΔE) KS M ISO 4892-3:2012, KS A 0063:2015
(UVA-340, 600 hours, temperature 23±2℃) 1.0ΔE gloss retention rate
(%) KS M ISO 4892-3:2012, KS D 8303:2009
(UVA-340, 600 hours, temperature 23±2℃) 90 stain resistance
(ΔL) soybean oil KS M 3802:2014
(temperature 23±2℃, humidity 45±5% RH) 0.1 lubricant 0.5 95% ethanol 0.0 cement
paste 0.1 10% aqueous ammonia solution 0.2 milk 0.0 5% acetic acid 0.1 5% hydrochloric acid 0.4 kerosene 0.4 soy sauce 0.1 color KS M 5000:2014
(temperature 23±2℃, humidity 45±5% RH) clear impact resistance KS M ISO 6272-1:2013
(50cm, 300g, temperature 23±2℃) clear adhesion KS M ISO 2409:2013
(Cut thickness 2mm, temperature 23±2℃,
Humidity 45±5% RH) 0 Concealment rate (%) KS M ISO 2814:2002
(temperature 23±2℃, humidity 45±5% RH) 100 45°, 0° diffuse reflectance (%) KS M 5000:2014 95

Smoke toxicity measurement test results of water-soluble nano-inorganic coatings

In order to use it as a concrete floor finishing agent for the experimental group in which the physical properties of the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent were most excellent according to Example 2 above, a smoke toxicity test was conducted by requesting the Korea Railroad Research Institute, and the results are shown in Table 4 below. And as shown in Figures 15 and 16.

The smoke toxicity test of the water-soluble nano-inorganic coatings of the experimental group was conducted for CO ₂ , CO, NO _X , SO ₂ , HCl, HCN, HBr and HF, and the test method was BS 6853 Annex B.2:1999. and the toxicity index (R) was found to be 0.35.

In the guideline on safety standards for railroad vehicles, detailed standards for fire performance of vehicle body structures, exterior materials, and interior facilities (related to Article 4) <Amended on October 29, 2008> are shown in Table 5 below. Looking at the fire performance requirements of flooring materials, the toxicity index (R) of hazard grades [1] to [4] is ≤5.0 to ≤3.0, whereas the toxicity index (R) of the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating is 0.35, which is very low, , When used as a flooring material, it is an eco-friendly paint that is superior to previously used epoxy, urethane, and acrylic resins. have a characteristic

test institute Korea Railroad Research Institute Test Methods BS 6853 Annex B.2:1999 test environment Temperature 22.4±0.5℃, Humidity 47±1%.R.H. Sample thickness / weight 15.5mm / 154.2g Test result Test Items Reference value(g/㎡) Measures r(x) 1 time Episode 2 3rd time Average _CO2 14000 1636 1636 1800 1690 0.121 CO 280 1.56 1.56 1.56 1.56 0.006 _NOX 7.6 1.71 1.71 1.71 1.71 0.225 SO ₂ 53 N.D* N.D. N.D. - - HCl 15 N.D. N.D. N.D. - - HCN 11 N.D. N.D. N.D. - - HBr 20 N.D. N.D. N.D. - - HF 4.9 N.D. N.D. N.D. - - R (toxicity index) 0.35

*N.D : Not Detected

fire performance
Requirements Test Methods test item The acceptance criteria test standard Hazard Class [1] Hazard level [2] Hazard level [3] Hazard level [4] flooring ISO 4589-2 oxygen index
(LOIs) ≥24 ≥26 ≥28 ≥28 ISO 5658-2 CFE (kW/㎡) ≥4.5 ≥4.5 ≥7 ≥7 ASTM E 662 DS(1.5min) - - - ≤100 ASTM E 662 Ds(4.0min) ≤400 ≤300 ≤250 ≤200 BS 6853
Annex B.2 Toxicity index (R) ≤5.0 ≤4.0 ≤3.0 ≤3.0

Smoke density measurement test results of water-soluble nano-inorganic coatings

According to the above Example 2, the smoke density test was conducted by requesting the Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology to use as a concrete floor finishing agent for the experimental group in which the physical properties of the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent were most excellent, and the results are shown in Table 6 below. And as shown in Figures 17 to 19.

The smoke density test of the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating of the experimental group was conducted for thickness, weight before heating, weight after heating, heating loss, maximum smoke density, smoke density test for the time when the maximum smoke density was measured and the maximum corrected smoke density.

The Korea Railroad Research Institute conducted a test on "Smoke Density Characteristics of FRP Composites for Railroad Vehicle Interior Materials" and is shown in FIG. 20 below. Looking at the test results according to ASTM E 662, the smoke density (max, 9 minutes) of epoxy was 140. In contrast, the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating has a relatively very low average value of maximum smoke density (max Ds) of 2.15, indicating that it is safer from the risk of fire.

test institute Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology Test Methods ASTM E 662:2009 test environment Temperature 23±2℃, relative humidity 50±5%.R.H. Test result division G-stone-1 G-stone-2 G-stone-3 Average note Thickness (mm) 14.2 15.3 17.0 15.50 Weight before heating (g) 143.27 150.22 161.40 151.63 Boiled after heating (g) 137.10 143.74 153.51 144.78 Heat loss (g) 6.17 6.48 7.89 6.85 Maximum Smoke Density (Max Ds) 1.63 3.49 1.34 2.15 maximum smoke density
Measured time (sec) 3456 3598 3590 3548 maximum calibrated smoke density
(Corrected Max. Ds) 0.13 0.08 0.11 0.11

Quasi-inflammability measurement test results of water-soluble nano-inorganic coatings

According to the above Example 2, the Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology was commissioned to conduct a semi-incombustibility test by the cone calorimeter method in order to use it as a concrete floor finishing agent for the experimental group in which the physical properties of the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent were most excellent. As a result, Is shown in Table 7 and FIGS. 21 and 22 below.

The cone calorimeter method (KS F ISO 5660-1) is presented as a test method for performance standards for semi-noncombustible materials (quality recognition and management standards for building materials, Chapter 6 performance standards for building finishing materials and fire spread prevention structures). In addition, the test method stipulates that the total heat release after heating is started is 8 MJ/m2 or less, and the maximum heat release rate for 10 minutes does not exceed 200KW/m2 continuously for more than 10 seconds.

As shown in Table 7, it can be seen that the total heat release rate is 0, and the time (s) when the heat release rate continuously exceeds 200KW/m2 is 0 seconds. That is, it satisfies the test for semi-incombustible materials.

According to a press release by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport (March 5, 2021), the use of non-combustible and semi-non-combustible finishing materials that are resistant to fire was made mandatory outside buildings with 6 floors or more in 2015, and from 2019, the application target for buildings with 3 floors or more was expanded. The ‘Regulations on Standards for Evacuation and Fire Protection Structures of Buildings’ revised and enforced this month mandates ‘full model testing’ of building finishing materials. Accordingly, in the event of a large-scale fire accident, as flammable building finishing materials such as insulation materials are pointed out as the cause of increasing damage, the government is strengthening fire safety performance standards for building finishing materials, and related industries are working to develop building finishing materials that are resistant to fire. Efforts are in full swing, and in particular, attention is focused on semi-non-combustible materials with enhanced fire safety functions compared to existing non-flammable materials.

test institute Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology Test Methods KS F ISO 5660-1:2008 (cone calorimeter method) test environment Temperature 23±2℃, relative humidity 50±5%.R.H. Test result Test Items test specimen 1 test specimen 2 test body 3 Total heat release rate (MJ/㎡) 0.0 0.0 0.1 Time when the heat release rate continuously exceeded 200 kW/m2 (s) 0 0 0 Changes such as total melting of the core material, penetrating cracks and holes, etc. None None None

Environmental label certification test test results for water-soluble nano-inorganic coatings

In order to use it as a concrete floor finishing construction agent for the experimental group in which the physical properties of the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent were most excellent according to Example 2 above, an eco-label certification test was conducted by requesting the Korea Environmental Industry and Technology Institute, and the results are as follows Table 8 and Figures 23 to 26 are the same.

As shown in Table 8, the four major heavy metals (lead, cadmium, mercury, and hexavalent chromium) were not detected, and also VOCs (volatile organic compounds), VACs (toluene, ethylbenzene, p-xylene, isopropylbenzene, 2, 2,4-trimethylbenzene, 1,2,4,5-tetramethylbenzene) were not detected, and tests for total volatile organic compounds, toluene, and formaldehyde in the indoor air quality process test standard (Ministry of Environment Notice No. 2010-24) The results are within the limits of detection.

Test Items unit Test result detection limit Test Methods test institute Lead (Pb) mg/Kg N.D* 20 KS M ISO 3856-1 Korea environment
Industrial Technology Institute Cadmium (Cd) mg/Kg N.D. 0.5 KS M ISO 3856-4 Mercury (Hg) mg/Kg N.D. 0.2 KS M ISO 3856-7 Hexavalent Chromium (Cr6+) mg/Kg N.D. One KS M ISO 3856-5 VOCs content g/L not detected - KS M ISO 3856-2 VACs content toluene % N.D. 0.1 ASTM D 3257 Korea environment
Industrial Technology Institute ethylbenzene % N.D. 0.1 p-xylene % N.D. 0.1 isopropylbenzene % N.D. 0.1 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene % N.D. 0.1 1,2,4,5-tetramethylbenzene % N.D. 0.1 total volatility
organic compounds
(TVOC) mg/(㎡.h) 0.007 0.0017 indoor air quality
Fair test standard
(Ministry of Environment notice
No. 2010-24)
ES 02131.1
ES 02601.1
ES 02602.1 toluene mg/(㎡.h) 0.001 0.0004 formaldehyde mg/(㎡.h) 0.001 0.0029

*N.D : Not Detected

Concrete floor finish using water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent

According to Example 2, the surface state was observed after finishing the concrete floor using the concrete floor finishing agent for the experimental group in which the physical properties of the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent were most excellent, and the results are shown in FIG. 27.

After 28 days of concrete pouring, it was confirmed that a sense of unity with the concrete floor was excellent and durability was increased after the finish coating operation using the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent prepared according to one embodiment of the present invention.

S110 - Target surface cleaning step
S120 - 1st surface grinding step
S130 - 1st surface dust removal step
S140 - Surface Penetration Step
S150 - Surface filling step
S160 - 2nd surface grinding step
S170 - Second surface dust removal step
S180 - Surface masking step
S190 - Surface coating step
S200 - Masking member removal step
S210 - Surface drying step

Claims (7)

A target surface cleaning step of removing foreign substances and contamination present on the concrete floor finishing construction target surface;
Grinding the concrete floor finishing work surface for the first time using a metal grinder equipped with a metal grinding pad with a metal grit of 30 on a grinder equipment that can apply pressure to the floor surface with a load of 500Kg or more. After that, the surface primary grinding step of sequentially grinding the surface of the object using a metal grinder equipped with a metal polishing pad of 60 and 120 metal grit;
Surface primary dust removal step of removing dust generated on the concrete floor finishing construction target surface after the surface primary grinding step;
The surface penetrating agent, which is prepared by mixing 30 to 50% by weight of water, 5 to 15% by weight of surfactant, 10 to 30% by weight of silicone, and 30 to 50% by weight of silicate, penetrates the surface of the finished concrete floor from which dust has been removed. a surface penetration step of enhancing durability by increasing the surface density of the target surface;
20 to 30% by weight of cement, 5 to 20% by weight of calcium carbonate, 5 to 20% by weight of barium sulfate, 20 to 40% by weight of silica sand, and 20 to 40% by weight of a water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent. A surface filling step of filling and repairing defects of the concrete floor finishing construction target surface generated after the first surface grinding step;
After the surface filling step, the surface to be finished for concrete floor finishing is first ground by using a ceramic resin grinder equipped with a ceramic pad of 50 ceramic resin grit on the grinder equipment, and then ceramic resin grit 100, 200, 400, 800, 1500 and 3000 ceramic pads sequentially used to precisely grind the surface of the object secondary surface grinding step;
A secondary surface dust removal step of removing dust generated on the surface of the concrete floor finishing construction after the surface secondary grinding step;
A surface masking step of protecting a portion where the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating is not to be applied to the surface of the concrete floor finishing construction that has been smoothly ground through the secondary surface grinding step using a masking member;
After the surface masking step, a surface coating step of applying a water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent to the concrete floor finishing construction target surface;
A masking member removal step of removing the masking member used in the masked portion in the surface masking step after the surface coating step;
Including, a surface drying step of curing the water-soluble nano-inorganic coating applied to the surface of the concrete floor finishing construction so that it dries well,
The water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent contains 1 to 5% by weight of silicon, 10 to 20% by weight of silica sol, 20 to 30% by weight of silane, 20 to 40% by weight of distilled water and 0.1 to 1% by weight of plasticizer, having a size of 150 to 950 nm 5 to 20% by weight of inorganic powder, 1 to 5% by weight of inorganic pigment having a size of 100 to 900 nm, and 0.1 to 5% by weight of additives, the additives being 25% by weight of antifoaming agent and 15% by weight of surface control additive , Concrete floor finishing construction method using a water-soluble nano-inorganic coating agent, characterized in that mixed in a ratio of 35% by weight of the dispersant and 25% by weight of the thickener. delete delete delete delete delete delete

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