KR102374512B1 - Flooring materials for concrete floor having superior flame retardant, non-slippery, and noise-proof properties, comprising eco-friendly polyurethane resin, and constructing process by using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is scentless or odorless during construction and is eco-friendly to the extent that there is almost no generation of a harmful material to the human body, thereby being installed even in a closed space and having excellent flame retardancy and noise-blocking function. In particular, the present invention has excellent slip resistance even in the presence of moisture, thereby being used in a food processing factory or a kitchen and the like. In addition, the present invention has the advantage that leveling operation is easier due to self-leveling.

Description

Concrete flooring material with excellent flame retardancy, slip resistance and noise blocking function containing eco-friendly polyurethane synthetic resin, and a construction method using the same resin, and constructing process by using the same}

The present invention relates to a concrete flooring material excellent in flame retardancy, slip resistance and noise blocking function, including an eco-friendly polyurethane synthetic resin, and a construction method using the same.

Among commonly used interior finishing materials, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin is the most widely used synthetic resin flooring material. Polyvinyl chloride resin is a material widely used in various fields due to its excellent processability. However, because polyvinyl chloride resin contains chlorine (Cl), a large amount of smoke and chlorine gas are generated during combustion, which is fatal to the human body. Rather, it has a problem in that a large amount of dioxin, which is a harmful substance, is released, causing serious damage to the human body.

In addition, di- n -octyl phthalate (DOP) is added to the flooring material for processing the polyvinyl chloride resin material, which is an endocrine disrupting material, which is widely known as a so-called environmental hormone, greatly adversely affecting the safety of the human body. In addition, there is a serious problem affecting There is a growing demand for improvement.

Accordingly, in July 2013, for all flooring products manufactured using polyvinyl chloride resin, the Agency for Technology and Standards under the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy announced the notification of the Agency for Technology and Standards based on the Quality Management and Industrial Product Safety Management Act, and enforced content regulations on phthalate plasticizers. According to the recent eco-friendly trend, the demand for the development of building interior materials harmless to the human body is rapidly increasing. Therefore, there is a trend demanding that wood-based flooring, synthetic resin flooring, tiles, wallpaper, and carpet be used as eco-friendly materials for interior interior finishing materials.

As an alternative to polyvinyl chloride resin, non-PVC (non-PVC)-based ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), polypropylene, which are harmless to the human body It is a situation in which it is necessary to secure the source processing technology for eco-friendly resins such as (PP). The development of NON-PVC flooring materials considering the main characteristics required as a building flooring material such as elasticity, abrasion resistance, printability, flame retardancy, and dimensional stability is urgently requested.

Among them, in the case of Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU), since it has an excellent elastic effect, which is one of the main required characteristics, many research and development are being conducted not only in industrial applications but also in home interior fields.

However, the currently developed thermoplastic polyurethane not only does not have sufficient flame retardancy, noise barrier and slip resistance, but also has a problem in that the slip resistance is rapidly lowered, especially in high humidity conditions. However, there is a need to develop a polyurethane flooring material that can be applied to floors in places where there is no choice but to get wet, such as food processing plants or kitchens.

1. Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2016-0009247 2. Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2016-113890 3. Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1993-106330 4. US Registered Patent No. 07148287 5. US Patent No. 6870000

The present invention has been devised to solve the above problems, and since it is odorless or odorless during construction and eco-friendly to the extent that there is almost no generation of harmful substances to the human body, construction is possible even in a closed space, and has excellent flame retardancy and noise blocking function. , In particular, it has an advantage of being able to be used in a food processing plant or kitchen due to its excellent slip resistance even in the presence of moisture, and also aims to provide a flooring material having the advantage of easier flattening work by self-leveling.

One aspect of the present invention is (a) thermoplastic polyurethane, 90 to 93% by weight, (b) silica, alumina, zirconia, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, germanium oxide, indium oxide, and at least one first additive selected from tin oxide , 3 to 6% by weight, and (c) at least one second additive selected from polysilane and polysiloxane, relates to a flooring composition comprising 3 to 5% by weight.

Another aspect of the present invention is (a) thermoplastic polyurethane, 90 to 93% by weight, (b) silica, alumina, zirconia, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, germanium oxide, indium oxide and tin oxide at least one selected from the first additive , 3 to 6% by weight, and (c) at least one second additive selected from polysilane and polysiloxane, it relates to a concrete flooring, characterized in that it contains 3 to 5% by weight.

Another aspect of the present invention is (A) cleaning the floor of the construction surface, (B) masking the non-construction surface so that the flooring composition is not applied or sprayed, (C) oil and Applying or spraying a primer for blocking moisture, (D) applying or spraying other flooring compositions according to various embodiments of the present invention on the floor of the construction surface on which the oil and moisture blocking primer is applied or sprayed, (D) It relates to a floor construction method comprising the steps of rotating a spike roller on the floor of the construction surface on which the flooring composition is applied or sprayed to treat the spike, and (E) removing the masking and drying the floor.

The present invention is odorless or odorless during construction and eco-friendly to the extent that there is almost no generation of harmful substances to the human body, so it can be installed in a closed space. There is an advantage that it can be used in a processing plant or a kitchen, and also has the advantage of easier flattening work by self-leveling.

Hereinafter, various aspects and various embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail.

In this specification, expressions such as 'including', 'having', 'consisting', 'consisting', etc. may include other parts as long as 'only' is not used.

In addition, when a component is expressed in a singular in the present specification, a case of a plurality of components is also included unless otherwise explicitly stated.

In addition, the numerical values or numerical ranges described in the present specification are construed as including an error range even if there is no separate explicit description.

In addition, the expression "X to Y" representing a numerical range in the present specification means "X or more and Y or less".

One aspect of the present invention is (a) thermoplastic polyurethane, 90 to 93% by weight, (b) silica, alumina, zirconia, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, germanium oxide, indium oxide, and at least one first additive selected from tin oxide , 3 to 6% by weight, and (c) at least one second additive selected from polysilane and polysiloxane, relates to a flooring composition comprising 3 to 5% by weight.

If any one of the first additive and the second additive is not included, or even if both are included, when the content is out of the above range, flame retardancy, slip resistance, and noise blocking function may be deteriorated, which is not preferable.

Furthermore, only when the first additive and the second additive are included in the above range, it is preferable that the slip resistance under high humidity conditions does not decrease at all compared to the dry condition, whereas any of the first additive and the second additive Even if one or all of them are not included, if the content is out of the above range, the slip resistance under high humidity conditions may be lowered compared to dry conditions, which is not preferable.

The flooring composition of the present invention may include additional additives such as a water repellent, a stabilizer, a flame retardant, and a non-slip agent according to other needs.

Examples of the water repellent that can be used in the present invention include one or more selected from isobutyltrimethoxysilane, isobutyltriethoxysilane, isooctyltrimethoxysilane, and isooctyltriethoxysilane, but is not limited thereto.

Examples of stabilizers usable in the present invention include tetrakis methylene (3,5-di- tert -butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate methane, octadecyl-3- (3,5-di- tert -butyl- 4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, 2,2'-methylenebis(4-methyl-6- tert -butylphenol), 2,6-di- tert -butyl-4-methylphenol and hindered amine It may be one or more selected, but is not limited thereto.

In the present invention, phosphorus compounds and inorganic flame retardants commonly used as flame retardants can be used as flame retardants, and halogen compounds are mainly effective in gas phase reactions, whereas phosphorus flame retardants exhibit excellent flame retardant effects in solid phase reactions, especially containing a large amount of oxygen. It can be used for urethane flooring or paint and has a great flame retardant effect.

On the other hand, the phosphorus-based flame retardant first generates polyphosphoric acid by thermal decomposition, which is esterified and dehydrogenated to produce charcoal, and the charcoal thus produced blocks oxygen and heat. Polyphosphoric acid, a non-volatile polymer, forms a carbon layer to block oxygen and latent heat, thereby reducing the thermal decomposition reaction. In addition, when a substance such as phosphine is added to polyphosphoric acid, it helps to form charcoal, which prevents carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide from being oxidized, thereby reducing afterglow.

For this reason, it is preferable to use a phosphorus-based flame retardant in the present invention as well, and examples of the phosphorus-based flame retardant that can be used in the present invention include red phosphorous (P), phosphate, phosphine oxide, phosphine oxide diol. (phosphine oxide diol), phosphite, phosphonate, and the like, but are not limited thereto.

On the other hand, in the case of red phosphorus, the compound may be red due to the red color of the flame retardant itself, so its use is limited. Red phosphorus itself is not toxic and thermally stable, but the phosphine gas generated in contact with water is highly toxic and there is a risk of explosion in an enclosed space, requiring very high attention.

In addition, the phosphoric acid ester flame retardant includes trialkyl phosphate, alkyldiaryl phosphate, triaryl phosphate, etc. in the form of monomers, and resorcinol Bisphenyl Phosphate in the form of an oligomer. , RDP), and the like.

In addition, among the inorganic flame retardants, aluminum hydroxide, antimony oxide, magnesium hydroxide, and boron-containing compounds are the most used. emit Since most of these emissions are emitted through an endothermic reaction, in the gas phase, the combustible gas is diluted and the plastic surface is coated to prevent access to oxygen, and at the same time, the plastic cooling and the generation of pyrolysis products through the endothermic reaction on the surface of the solid phase are reduced. has a reducing effect.

In addition, in the case of the boron compound, there is an effect of blocking oxygen and heat by forming a protective layer on the glassy surface of the solid. Aluminum hydroxide is the most used among inorganic flame retardants because it is inexpensive and can be easily added.

Another aspect of the present invention is (a) thermoplastic polyurethane, 90 to 93% by weight, (b) silica, alumina, zirconia, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, germanium oxide, indium oxide and tin oxide at least one selected from the first additive , 3 to 6% by weight, and (c) at least one second additive selected from polysilane and polysiloxane, it relates to a concrete flooring, characterized in that it contains 3 to 5% by weight.

Another aspect of the present invention is (A) cleaning the floor of the construction surface, (B) masking the non-construction surface so that the flooring composition is not applied or sprayed, (C) oil and Applying or spraying a primer for blocking moisture, (D) applying or spraying other flooring compositions according to various embodiments of the present invention on the floor of the construction surface on which the oil and moisture blocking primer is applied or sprayed, (D) It relates to a floor construction method comprising the steps of rotating a spike roller on the floor of the construction surface on which the flooring composition is applied or sprayed to treat the spike, and (E) removing the masking and drying the floor.

The above masking may be performed using a tape, and the step of removing the masking may be performed by removing the masked tape, and the above spiking treatment is performed for defoaming (removing air bubbles) and enhancing adhesion.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail, however, it is natural that the scope of the present invention cannot be construed as being limited by the following description.

In general, polyurethane is a polymer having a continuous urethane structure, and consists of a soft segment and a hard segment. , plastics, etc.

The polyurethane can be controlled in a wide range of physical properties according to the content of each segment, and the soft segment mainly uses a polyol having a weight average molecular weight of 500 to 5,000, and the hard segment is a di having an aromatic ring structure. Isocyanate is used, and stiffness is controlled by changing the type and molecular weight of such isocyanate.

The polyol used in the production of polyurethane is a material that forms the soft segment of polyurethane, has a low melting point and secondary transition temperature, and has a weight average molecular weight of 500 to 5,000, preferably 1,000 to 3,000. It means a diol having a relatively high molecular weight. do. In the present invention, a polyether-based, polyester-based, or polycarbonate-based polyol may be used.

Examples of the polyether-based polyol include polytetramethylene ether glycol, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyoxyethylene ether glycol, polyoxypropylene ether glycol, polytetramethylene ether- co -3-methyl-tetramethylene ether glycol, and poly Tetramethylene ether- co -2,3-dimethyl-tetramethylene ether glycol, and the like, but is not limited thereto.

Examples of the polyester-based polyol include, but are not limited to, polyethylene adipate glycol, polybutylene adipate glycol, polyhexamethylene amipate glycol, and polycaprolactone glycol.

Examples of the polycarbonate-based polyol include, but are not limited to, polybutylene carbonate glycol, polyhexamethylene carbonate glycol, polypentane-1,5-carbonate diol, and polyhexane-1,6-carbonate diol.

In the present invention, it is most preferable to use polytetramethylene ether glycol in consideration of the physical properties of the manufactured flooring material as the polyol. In addition, the weight average molecular weight may be 1,000 to 3,000, preferably 1,500 to 2,000.

Preferably, the polyol may have a hydroxyl value of 30 to 90 mg KOH/g, and more preferably 50 to 60 mg KOH/g. If it is less than 30 mg ㅇKOH/g, it is difficult to induce a urethane bond by reaction with isocyanate, and there is a risk that the molecular weight of the polyurethane may be lowered. It can be difficult to control.

In addition, the polyol may further add a bio-polyol. The bio-polyol is a polyhydric alcohol manufactured based on renewable resources such as natural oil without using petroleum-based raw materials, and can be prepared based on animal and vegetable oils, and may include polyether polyols, polyester polyols, vegetable oil polyols, etc. can

The animal and vegetable oil is a natural oil, and may preferably mean a vegetable oil. Examples of animal oil may include fish oil, cow oil, pork oil, sheep oil, and the like, and may include mixtures thereof. Meanwhile, examples of vegetable oils include sunflower seed oil, canola oil, palm oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, rapeseed oil, linseed oil, safflower seed oil, oat oil, olive oil, palm oil, peanut oil, rapeseed oil, rice bran oil, flaxseed oil, sesame oil , soybean oil, castor oil, etc., more typically soybean oil, castor oil, palm oil, and the like, and may also include mixtures thereof, but the present invention is not limited to the types listed above.

For example, in the case of pizza horse oil, it is an oil obtained by pressing the seed of castor bean (Rucinus communis). About 45% of this oil is contained in the seeds, and the oil content percentage is higher than that of other seeds. Oil and fat as a whole has a triester (triglyceride) structure of fatty acids and glycerin. Castor oil is similarly characterized in that about 90% of triesters of glycerin or fatty acids are composed of ricinoleic acid. The rest may contain oleic acid, linoleic acid, and the like.

In the present invention, the bio-polyol may be prepared through a hydroxylation reaction. In the manufacturing method of the bio-polyol according to the present invention, for example, ESO (epoxidized soybean oil), methanol, and formic acid are slowly added to the reactor under N ₂ purge conditions so as to be sufficiently stirred while paying attention to heat generation. The temperature of the stirred mixture is raised and maintained at 40 to 80 °C for 6.5 to 13 hours until it has a target hydroxyl value by performing a hydroxylate reaction. When the target acid value is reached, the reaction under reduced pressure and solvent recovery are carried out at 60 °C. Thereafter, the solvent, unreacted raw material, and water are removed through temperature rise and high vacuum reaction at 120° C. for 5 hours to prepare biopolyol.

In the present invention, the biopolyol preferably has a hydroxyl value of 45 to 180 mg KOH/g, more preferably 50 to 80 mg KOH/g. When the hydroxyl value is less than 45 mg o KOH/g, it is difficult to increase the molecular weight of the polyurethane, and when it exceeds 180 mg o KOH/g, crosslinking is promoted by a rapid reaction during manufacture, making it difficult to control the reaction.

In the present invention, when the bio-polyol is mixed with a general polyol, it is preferable to mix the bio-polyol and the general polyol in a weight ratio of 5 to 7: 3 to 5. In the above range, mechanical properties such as surface hardness and tensile strength can be secured, and when it is out of the above range, crosslinking is promoted due to a rapid reaction, and excessive viscosity increase can cause defects in the flooring coating process.

Here, a diol-based chain extender may be further added separately from the polyol. The diol-based chain extender serves as a chain extender inducing intermolecular bonding when forming the polyurethane by reaction of a hydroxyl group (-OH) group located at the terminal. A decrease in hardness may occur when increasing or decreasing the amount used.

Examples of the diol-based chain extender include diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, butylene glycol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 2-methylpentanediol, 1,5- and pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, hexylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, 4-cyclohexanedimethanol, trimethylol propane, pentaerythritol, and mixtures thereof, but is not limited thereto.

The diol-based chain extender does not limit the amount added, and can be freely adjusted within a range that does not impair the physical properties of the present invention.

In the present invention, the diisocyanate is a material that forms a hard segment of the polyurethane to be manufactured, and determines the chemical structure of the hard segment.

As the diisocyanate in the present invention, for example, p-phenylene diisocyanate, m-phenylene diisocyanate, 2,4-torylene diisocyanate, 2,6-torylene diisocyanate, 1,5-naphthalene diisocyanate, hexamethylene di Isocyanate, 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 4-methyl-1,3-phenylene diisocyanate, 1-isocyanato-4-[(4-isocyanatophenyl)methyl]benzene, 1 -isocyanato-4-[(4-isocyanatophenyl)methyl]benzene and a mixture of 1-isocyanato-2-[(4-isocyanatophenyl)methyl]benzene, 1,4 -diisocyanatobenzene, 1,3-diisocyanatoxylylene, 1,4-diisocyanatoxylylene, 2,6-naphthalene diisocyanate, 5-isocyanato-1-(isocyane Itomethyl)-1,3,3-trimethylcyclohexane, 1,1'-methylenebis(4-isocyanatocyclohexane), 2,4-diisocyanato-1-methylcyclohexane, 2,6 -Diisocyanato-1-methylcyclohexane, octahydro-1,5-naphthalene diisocyanate, 1,4-diisocyanatocyclohexane, any one selected from bis(isocyanatomethyl)cyclohexane; Two or more may be used, and 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate is most preferable in consideration of reactivity with polyols and polymer properties.

The diisocyanate compound is preferably added in an amount of 1.5 to 2.0 moles based on 1 mole of the polyol. When added in an amount of less than 1.5 moles, the elongation of the elastic fiber may be excellent but strength may be reduced. When added in excess of 2.0 moles, the strength may be excellent but the elongation may be lowered, and the viscosity stability of the polymer may be deteriorated.

If necessary, the flooring composition in the present invention may include a reinforcing material. Reinforcing material is included to increase the strength, heat resistance and durability of the flooring material and to reduce the manufacturing cost. .

As the reinforcing material usable in the present invention, it is preferable to use cotton fibers, hemp fibers and wool fibers, natural fibers, glass fibers, carbon fibers, and the like. In particular, natural fibers are biodegradable and more environmentally friendly than other reinforcing materials by absorbing greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide.

As a reinforcing material usable in the present invention, it is more preferable to use a mixture of hemp fiber, glass fiber and carbon fiber, and most preferably, it is good to mix glass fiber and carbon fiber as hemp fiber.

In the present invention, the glass fiber has a small specific gravity, elongation, diameter, and tensile strength, which gives mechanical properties to the flooring material, and has excellent surface properties such as weathering resistance, chemical resistance, and surface electrical resistance, so that the weather resistance of the flooring material can be improved.

In addition, the carbon fiber is a fiber with a carbon content of 90% or more obtained by heating a precursor, and it varies depending on the type of precursor such as PAN, pitch, rayon, heating conditions, and whether or not stretching, but has a small specific gravity It has a higher tensile strength and tensile modulus compared to the above, and can improve the heat resistance of the flooring material due to its characteristics such as a low coefficient of thermal expansion and high chemical resistance.

The glass fiber and carbon fiber are preferably limited in fineness and length in order to strengthen the physical properties of the composition by strengthening the entanglement between the fiber and the fiber or between the fiber and the mixture. Specifically, the glass fiber and carbon fiber may have a fineness of 30 to 100 dtex, and a fiber length of 0.1 to 5 cm. When the fineness is less than 30 dtex, breakage occurs by external force, and the tensile strength and tear strength of the entire composition or coating film may drop, and when added in excess of 100 dtex, the aspect ratio (single fiber length / single fiber diameter) is As it becomes smaller, mechanical properties such as tensile modulus of elasticity may decrease. In addition, if the fiber length is less than 0.1 cm, the hardness of the coating film may decrease and abrasion resistance may decrease. can escape

In the present invention, the reinforcing material is preferably used by mixing hemp fiber, glass fiber, and carbon fiber in a weight ratio of 1: 0.1 to 0.5: 0.1 to 0.5, respectively. In addition, it is good that the reinforcing material is included in an amount of 10 to 50 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic polyurethane in the total composition to enhance mechanical properties such as tensile strength and breaking strength.

In the present invention, the water repellent is to provide hydrophobicity to the composition to block the penetration of moisture and increase moisture resistance, and a silane-based or siloxane-based agent may be used. Examples thereof include isobutyltrimethoxysilane, isobutyltriethoxysilane, isooctyltrimethoxysilane and isooctyltriethoxysilane, and one or a mixture of two or more thereof may be used.

In the present invention, it is preferable to add 1 to 10 parts by weight of the water repellent based on 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic polyurethane. When less than 1 part by weight is added, the effect of adding the water repellent is insignificant, and when it is added more than 10 parts by weight, the miscibility of the composition is lowered due to the excessive addition of the water repellent, and mechanical properties after coating may decrease.

In the present invention, the stabilizer is to prevent oxidation or to prevent deformation and destruction of the composition from ultraviolet rays, and is a kind of plastic stabilizer.

In the present invention, both primary and secondary antioxidants may be used as the antioxidant, and preferably, sulfur-containing phenol, bisphenol, polyphenol, and the like may be used as phenol-based antioxidants, such as aromatic amine-based, phosphite-based, and sulfur ester-based antioxidants. More preferably, dibutyl hydroxy toluene (butylated hydroxy toluene), nonyl phenyl phosphite (tris (nonylphenyl) phosphite), etc. are preferably used.

In the present invention, the UV stabilizer may be both a UV absorber and a quencher, and preferably a benzophenone-based, benzotriazole-based, salicylate-based, cyanoacrylic-based, oxanilide-based, hindered amine (HALS)-based agent. , a metal complex salt system, etc. can be used, and more preferably TiO ₂ , HALS system is used.

In the present invention, the stabilizer is preferably added in an amount of 1 to 5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic polyurethane. When added in less than 1 part by weight, the effect of adding the stabilizer is insignificant, and when added in excess of 5 parts by weight, mechanical properties of the composition may be reduced.

In addition, to the composition, any one or a plurality of metal oxides selected from copper, manganese, nickel, platinum, iron, rubidium, vanadium, gold, silver, tin, zinc and bismuth may be further added.

The metal oxide is for more effectively improving the mechanical properties and chemical resistance of the flooring composition, and acts as a kind of reinforcing material.

Examples of the metal in the metal oxide include copper, manganese, nickel, platinum, iron, rubidium, vanadium, gold, silver, tin, zinc and bismuth, and these may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

In the present invention, although the manufacturing method and size of the metal oxide are not specified, the metal oxide is preferably prepared by a sol-gel method, and may form a network structure having an average particle diameter of 20 to 200 nm.

In the present invention, the metal oxide is preferably added in an amount of 0.1 to 1 part by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic polyurethane. When added in an amount of less than 0.1 part by weight, mechanical properties may be deteriorated, and when added in an amount exceeding 1 part by weight, it may act as an impurity in the composition and, rather, mechanical properties may decrease.

In addition, the flooring composition may further include a self-healing composition to further increase scratch resistance. Specifically, the self-healing composition may include a prepolymer having an isocyanate group.

In the present invention, the prepolymer has an isocyanate group having a fast curing rate in the presence of moisture. In particular, when exposed to moisture in the atmosphere, the isocyanate group reacts with water to form an amino group while releasing carbon dioxide. The amino group thus formed reacts with the surrounding isocyanate groups in a chain reaction to form a urea bond, which cures quickly to remove scratches.

To explain this in more detail, when scratches occur on the flooring material, the isocyanate fills in the dented area where the scratches occur while in contact with the air, and at the same time, the reaction rate with moisture increases through the metal oxide present nearby, and the solid polymer It can express self-healing properties by being transformed into

However, it is important to block the isocyanate from moisture because it can harden quickly when in contact with moisture in the air. Therefore, while maintaining the isocyanate in a liquid state, it is preferable to put it in a microcapsule and mix it with the composition. Through this, when scratches occur after the construction of the flooring material, the microcapsules contained in the flooring material are broken so that the liquid isocyanate flows out and reacts naturally.

In the present invention, the isocyanate may include diphenylmethane diisocyanate prepolymer. The diisocyanate prepolymer reacts with moisture in the air to increase the crosslinking density, to have excellent adhesion to the old flooring material, and to have good hardness and excellent durability.

The isocyanate group does not limit the content of the isocyanate group (-NCO), but if the content of the isocyanate group is increased, the flexibility and abrasion resistance of the coating film may be improved, but the hardness may be decreased. The content of the group is preferably 5 to 20% by weight, preferably 10 to 15% by weight, based on 100% by weight of the total isocyanate.

In addition, the self-healing composition may further include a reactive single molecule as a chain extender in order to strengthen the bond between the isocyanate molecules. The chain extender is, for example, a diol such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, diethylene glycol, a triol such as glycerin, trimethylol propane, tetraol such as pentaerythritol, polyoxy Diamine, diethanolamine, such as propylenediamine, ethylenediamine, propylenediamine, butylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine, 1,4-cyclohexyldiamine, tetramethylpropylenediamine, tetramethylhexamethylenediamine, m-phenylenediamine, toluenediamine Any one or two or more selected from amino alcohols such as , triethanolamine, etc. may be used.

In the present invention, the self-healing composition is a melamine-formalin resin, urea-formalin resin, polyurethane resin, and silica, titania, zirconia, alumina, zinc oxide nanoparticles, etc. selected from the isocyanate or the chain extender. It may be provided by being accommodated inside the wall material including any one or two or more materials. In particular, melamine-formalin resins and urea-formalin resins are preferable in consideration of heat resistance and ease of encapsulation among the above wall materials.

The method for preparing the self-healing composition in the present invention is not limited. For example, it may be prepared using a known in-situ method, and will be described in detail as follows.

First, an aqueous emulsifier solution is prepared as a first step. The emulsifier is very useful for improving the viscosity and particle size distribution of capsules. Examples of the emulsifier in the present invention include alkali metal sulfates such as sodium dodecyl sulfate, alkali metal salts of fatty acids such as alkali metal salts of octadecanoic acid, sodium dodecyl ether sulfate such as sodium dodecyl ether sulfate, anionic emulsifiers such as higher aliphatic hydrocarbons Cationic emulsifier, polyethylene glycol, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate, Nonionic emulsifiers such as polyoxyethylene sorbitan tristearate and polyoxyethylene glyceryl monostearate may be used alone or in combination of two or more. The emulsifier aqueous solution can be obtained by putting an emulsifier and conventional water such as distilled water in an emulsifier (homomixer) and stirring at a temperature of 20 to 40° C., and it is usually preferably prepared at a concentration of 1 to 15% by weight. If the amount of the emulsifier is less than 1% by weight, the emulsification is unstable and it is difficult to make an emulsion of a desired particle size, and if it exceeds 15% by weight, the viscosity of the capsule slurry produced with economic problems increases, so it may be difficult to use.

As a second step, after adding an appropriate amount of isocyanate or a chain extender to be an internal material of the capsule to the aqueous emulsifier solution prepared in the emulsifier, the emulsifier rotation speed is 20 to 60 at a temperature of 20 to 40 ° C. at a speed of 4,000 to 10,000 rpm. A fine-sized emulsion mixture is prepared by high-speed stirring for minutes.

As a third step, put water in a separate reactor, add melamine and formalin or urea and formalin, and react at a temperature of 50 to 70° C. for 20 to 60 minutes to prepare a melamine-formalin or urea-formalin prepolymer.

As a fourth step, the melamine-formalin or urea-formalin prepolymer is added to the emulsified mixture contained in the emulsifier, and the polymerization is performed while stirring for 1 to 2 hours at a temperature of 50 to 70° C. at a rotation speed of 200 to 1,000 rpm in the emulsifier. After further advancing the reaction, a microcapsule slurry is obtained.

As a fifth step, the obtained microcapsule slurry is dried through a dryer such as a spray dryer to obtain microcapsules.

In the present invention, the size of the microcapsule is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 100 μm in average particle diameter, preferably in the range of 0.1 to 10 μm. If the average particle diameter is less than 0.01 μm, since the wall material thickness of the microcapsules is not proportionally extremely thin, the content of self-healing substances per microcapsule weight is ultimately low, and there is a risk of ultimately reducing the self-healing effect, and when the average particle diameter exceeds 100 μm The surface roughness of the flooring material may be increased so that the microcapsules may be separated from the flooring material.

In the present invention, the self-healing composition is preferably added in an amount of 1 to 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the polyurethane. When adding less than 1 part by weight, it is difficult to secure self-healing properties, and when adding more than 10 parts by weight, mechanical properties of the flooring material may be deteriorated.

The flooring material according to the present invention may further include additives containing at least one selected from the group consisting of lubricants, processing aids, colorants, and combinations thereof. In this case, the additive is preferably included in an amount of 0.1 to 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the polyurethane, and when two or more are added, it is preferable in terms of effects and economical aspects of each additive to satisfy the above ranges, respectively.

Specifically, the lubricant increases the fluidity of the composition and may include stearic acid or rosin. In this case, the processing temperature of the flooring material is lowered, the effect of shortening the processing time can be realized, and the workability of the flooring material manufacturing process can be improved.

The processing aid is added to improve processability and moldability of the flooring material, and may specifically include a methyl methacrylate (MMA)-based material, and the methyl methacrylate-based material has a weight average molecular weight of about 100,000 to It can be 3,000,000. When the single layer includes the processing aid, it is possible to shorten the melting time during the manufacturing process and improve the melt strength. In addition, by using the processing aid, the components of the single layer can be uniformly mixed, and as a result, the mechanical properties of the flooring can be improved.

The colorant is for imparting color to the flooring material, and preferably a pigment or disperse dye is used.

In addition to this, one or more of an acrylic, rubber, silicone, and styrene-based anti-slip agent may be applied to the surface of the constructed flooring material. More preferably, a styrene copolymer is used. This is to prevent the operator from slipping and create a safe operating environment.

The anti-slip agent used for the surface of the flooring material is not limited to viscosity, and preferably, when the anti-slip agent is treated on the surface, the coefficient of slip resistance (Coefficient of Slip Resistance Barefeet, CSRB) is preferably 0.7 or more, more preferably CSRB It is preferable that is 0.7 to 2.0 or more.

In addition, the flooring composition may further include at least two or more types of silica sand having different sizes to improve air permeability. Specifically, by including at least two types of silica sand having different sizes in the flooring composition, voids may be generated between the flooring compositions, thereby improving the air permeability of the flooring composition after construction.

In addition, the flooring composition may further include a silver nano pigment for dissipating anions. Specifically, it is possible to emit negative ions from the floor after construction by including the silver nano pigment in the flooring composition, thereby purifying air, sterilizing, increasing immunity, which are the effects of negative ions, stabilizing autonomic nerves, relieving insomnia, recovering from fatigue, It may have pain relief, mental stability, etc.

The present invention includes a method of constructing a flooring material using the composition for floor coating as described above. Specifically, the construction method of the flooring material may vary depending on the construction location and purpose of the flooring, but in general,

(A) cleaning and drying the floor of the construction surface;

(B) masking the non-construction surface so that the flooring composition is not applied or sprayed;

(C) forming a primer layer by applying or spraying a primer for blocking oil and moisture on the floor of the prepared construction surface, wherein the primer can use a mixture of an epoxy-based primer and a solvent in a certain ratio;

(D) applying or spraying the flooring composition on the floor of the construction surface on which the oil and moisture blocking primer is applied or sprayed, and drying or curing it;

(D) Spike treatment by rotating a spike roller on the floor of the construction surface on which the flooring composition is applied or sprayed, and

(E) removing the masking and drying

In the present invention, the construction surface may be typically composed of a concrete or asphalt structure, or a mixture thereof.

It is preferable that the construction surface be cleaned of impurities or irregularities before applying the primer layer. Specifically, it is better to spray water on the surface and planarize the surface with a grinder or the like. After leveling, it is recommended to dry the surface to remove residual moisture.

The primer layer is positioned on the upper surface of the construction surface to improve adhesion between the flooring material and the construction surface and is formed by curing the primer, but is not limited to the primer layer, but 1 to 10% by weight of acetone, 25 to xylene 40% by weight, 20 to 35% by weight of toluene, 20 to 50% by weight of polyamide resin or epichlorohydrin-bisphenol A resin, and ethylene glycol monoethyl ether or 2,4,6-tris[(dimethylamino)methyl] It is preferable to form by coating a composition in which an epoxy-based primer containing 1 to 10% by weight of phenol and a diluent are mixed in a weight ratio of 1:0.9 to 1.1.

The diluent may use a conventional paint thinner (thinner), and it may be more preferable to contain 65 to 70% by weight of toluene and 1 to 10% by weight of solvent naphtha (petroleum, heavyarom) in the total composition. Such thinner is commercially available under the trade name of Ecoport 1000 thinner of Samhwa Paint Industry Co., Ltd.

The primer layer does not limit the thickness to be formed, for example, it is preferable to harden the primer composition after coating to have a thickness of 1 to 5 mm. In this case, depending on the purpose of use of the flooring material, it may be applied after arranging reinforcing materials such as glass fiber and wire before forming the primer layer.

Next, the flooring composition may be applied on the top of the primer layer. At this time, the flooring composition may be used according to various embodiments of the present invention.

Since the flooring composition is fast-setting, it is better to use it by quickly applying the composition after mixing it. The process time and temperature are not limited, but the working time in the overall process is preferably performed within 1 hour at -10 to 10° C., particularly within 40 minutes.

The flooring material according to the present invention maximizes mechanical properties by including natural fibers as reinforcing materials, and at the same time suppresses the generation of harmful gases by using vegetable natural fibers, which are renewable resources, and is eco-friendly, and additionally uses metal oxides or self-healing compositions By including more, it is possible to improve scratch resistance and significantly increase the life of the flooring material.

Hereinafter, the flooring material according to the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples. The embodiments introduced below are provided as examples so that the spirit of the present invention can be sufficiently conveyed to those skilled in the art.

Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments presented below and may be embodied in other forms, and the embodiments presented below are only described to clarify the spirit of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

At this time, if there is no other definition in the technical terms and scientific terms used, it has the meaning commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs, and in the following description, it may unnecessarily obscure the subject matter of the present invention. Descriptions of possible known functions and configurations will be omitted.

Also, the singular forms used in the specification and appended claims may also be intended to include the plural forms unless the context specifically dictates otherwise.

Example

Example 1

Thermoplastic polyurethane (Kony Urethane ^TM , Kolon Industries), silica powder having an average particle diameter of 200 μm, and polysiloxane were introduced into a reactor to prepare a first composition, and then isobutyltrimethoxysilane water repellent, dibutylhydroxy toluene After the stabilizer and the phosphate flame retardant were additionally added, the mixture was stirred at 180° C. for 30 minutes and extruded to complete the flooring specimen.

Thermoplastic polyurethane, silica powder, and polysiloxane were added in a weight ratio of 92: 4: 4, and isobutyltrimethoxysilane water repellent, dibutylhydroxy toluene stabilizer, and phosphate flame retardant were each based on 100 parts by weight of the first composition 1 part by weight, 1.5 parts by weight, and 0.05 parts by weight were added.

Comparative Example 1

A flooring specimen was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 above, except that the first composition was prepared by adding the input weight ratio of the thermoplastic polyurethane, silica powder, and polysiloxane in a weight ratio of 95:2.5:2.5.

Comparative Example 2

A flooring specimen was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 above, except that the first composition was prepared except for the silica powder.

Comparative Example 3

A flooring specimen was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 above, except that the first composition was prepared except for polysiloxane.

Comparative Example 4

A flooring specimen was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 above, except that the first composition was prepared except for silica powder and polysiloxane.

Test Example 1: Eco-friendliness evaluation

In order to evaluate the eco-friendliness of the flooring specimens prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4, the upper flooring specimens were placed in a closed space and total volatile organic compounds ((Total Volatile Organic Compounds) , TVOC) emission amount, formaldehyde emission amount, and toluene emission amount were measured.

As a result, based on the evaluation criteria presented in Table 1 below, both the flooring specimens prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 showed less than the standard emission of harmful substances, confirming that all of them showed excellent eco-friendliness (◎) did

[Table 1]

Test Example 2: Flame Retardant Evaluation

In order to evaluate the flame retardancy of the flooring specimens prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4, the burner was adjusted to emit a flame at an angle of 45° based on the UL 94 horizontal combustion method, and after applying for 30 seconds, the specimen was 1 The length at which the specimen burned for 1 minute was measured within a 3-inch section by measuring from after burning in inches.

As a result, based on the evaluation criteria shown in Table 3 below based on the specimen having a thickness of 3 mm, the flooring specimen of Example 1 was excellent (◎), the flooring specimen of Comparative Example 1 was good (○), and Comparative Example 2 It was confirmed that the flooring specimens of Figures 3 and 3 showed flame retardancy of normal (Δ), and the flooring specimen of Comparative Example 4 showed poor (X) flame retardancy.

[Table 2]

Test Example 3: Slip resistance evaluation

Based on the test method according to KS F 2375:2001, the sliding resistance of the flooring specimens prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 was evaluated.

As a result, the flooring of Example 1 showed 47 BPN, which greatly exceeded the flooring quality standards (40 BTN or more), whereas the flooring materials prepared in Comparative Examples 1 to 4 had 42 BTN, 41 BTN, 39 BTN, and 32 BTN, respectively. As a result, it was confirmed that the sliding resistance was significantly lowered compared to the flooring material of Example 1.

In addition, in order to evaluate the slip resistance of the wet floor state, after spraying deionized water evenly over the flooring specimens prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 for 5 minutes with a sprayer for 5 minutes, KS F 2375:2001 Slip resistance was evaluated according to the test method of

As a result, in the flooring of Example 1, no reduction in sliding resistance was observed in the above results, whereas the flooring prepared in Comparative Examples 1 to 4 showed a decrease of 5.4%, 12.3%, 11.2%, and 31.6%, respectively, in the above results. showed results.

Test Example 4: Evaluation of noise blocking function

Based on the test method according to KS F 2810, the noise blocking function of the flooring specimens prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 was evaluated.

Specifically, the floor impact sound level was measured as follows by applying the first part (method by standard lightweight impact source, 2001) and second part (method by standard weight impact source, 2001) of the on-site measurement method for floor impact sound barrier performance. .

First, a test structure was constructed so that a sound-receiving room was formed inside, a concrete layer was installed on the upper part of the structure, and the flooring materials prepared in Examples 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were installed thereon. The generator was installed. Impact sound generators were installed at a total of 5 points including the center and edge of the finishing layer, and 5 microphones for measuring the average sound pressure level were installed in the sound receiving room.

As a result, as shown in Table 3, it was confirmed that the flooring specimen of Example 1 showed a very good noise blocking function compared to the flooring specimens prepared in Comparative Examples 1 to 4.

[Table 3]

The present invention described above is not limited by the above-described embodiments, and various substitutions, modifications and changes are possible within the scope without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention. It will be clear to you.

Claims (3)

(a) a thermoplastic polyurethane, 90 to 93% by weight;
(b) at least one first additive selected from silica, alumina, zirconia, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, germanium oxide, indium oxide and tin oxide, 3 to 6 wt%, and
(c) at least one second additive selected from polysilane and polysiloxane, comprising 3 to 5 wt%,
Concrete flooring composition, characterized in that it further comprises 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of at least one third additive selected from lubricants, processing aids, and colorants based on 100 parts by weight of the polyurethane. (a) a thermoplastic polyurethane, 90 to 93% by weight;
(b) at least one first additive selected from silica, alumina, zirconia, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, germanium oxide, indium oxide and tin oxide, 3 to 6 wt%, and
(c) at least one second additive selected from polysilane and polysiloxane, comprising 3 to 5 wt%,
Concrete flooring, characterized in that it further comprises 0.1 to 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the polyurethane of at least one third additive selected from a lubricant, a processing aid, and a colorant. (A) arranging the floor of the construction surface;
(B) masking the non-construction surface so that the flooring composition is not applied or sprayed;
(C) applying or spraying a primer for blocking oil and moisture on the floor of the prepared construction surface;
(D) applying or spraying the concrete flooring composition on the floor of the construction surface on which the oil and moisture blocking primer is applied or sprayed;
(D) rotating the spike roller on the floor of the construction surface on which the flooring composition is applied or sprayed to perform a spike treatment, and
(E) as a concrete floor construction method comprising the step of removing the masking and drying,
The concrete flooring composition is
(a) a thermoplastic polyurethane, 90 to 93% by weight;
(b) at least one first additive selected from silica, alumina, zirconia, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, germanium oxide, indium oxide and tin oxide, 3 to 6 wt%, and
(c) at least one second additive selected from polysilane and polysiloxane, comprising 3 to 5 wt%,
Concrete floor construction method, characterized in that it further comprises 0.1 to 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the polyurethane of at least one third additive selected from lubricants, processing aids and colorants.