KR102455962B1 - Method for preparing feed using flaxseed without hydrogen cyanide toxicity - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for producing a feed using flaxseed from which hydrogen cyanide toxicity has been removed. It relates to a method for producing a feed from which hydrogen cyanide toxicity is effectively removed.
To this end, the present invention comprises the steps of preparing a mixture by mixing flaxseed and perilla seed (S10); Putting the mixture into an extruder and processing at high temperature and high pressure (S20); and cooling the mixture heated to a high temperature to room temperature (S30).

Description

Manufacturing method of feed using flaxseed from which hydrogen cyanide toxicity has been removed

The present invention relates to a method for producing a feed using flaxseed from which hydrogen cyanide toxicity has been removed, and by extruding a mixture of flaxseed and perilla meal at high temperature and high pressure and then cooling the mixture to manufacture omega-3 fatty acids. It relates to a method for producing a feed that is rich, does not break flaxseed oil, and has improved safety by effectively removing hydrogen cyanide toxicity.

Flaxseed is an annual plant of the flax family, which is rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which can prevent various cardiovascular diseases and heart diseases.

In addition, flaxseed contains a large amount of lignan, which has anticancer effects, which is a kind of phytoestrogens that act similarly to female hormones in the body, and helps to relieve menopause synergism. It contains a lot of unsaturated fatty acids.

These flaxseeds are particularly rich in omega 3 and can be used as an animal feed additive to promote animal growth and inhibit disease.

However, flaxseed contains cyanide (cyanide), a natural toxic component, and must be removed before consumption. If you consume a large amount of flaxseed containing cyanide, you need to be careful because there is a risk of exposure to toxicity.

Even if flaxseed is pulverized into a powder state, hydrogen cyanide trapped in the flax seed chamber does not come out completely and remains inside. .

And in order to remove hydrogen cyanide from flaxseed, in general, a heating process such as roasting flaxseed at about 100℃ is carried out, but the hydrogen cyanide content of flaxseed itself is not constant and differs from each other. There is a problem that the hydrogen cyanide present in the captured state cannot be effectively removed.

In addition, since the hydrogen cyanide content standard for feed and food raw materials in Europe is less than 250 ppm, it is necessary to research and develop a feed that can be safely used by removing hydrogen cyanide from flaxseed to achieve this cyanide content standard.

Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-1389583 (2014.04.21.)

The present invention has been devised in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to effectively remove hydrogen cyanide contained in flaxseed so that livestock can safely consume it. will provide

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a feed using flaxseeds from which hydrogen cyanide toxicity has been removed, which uses omega 3 contained in flax seeds and perilla seeds to strengthen the immunity of livestock and has the effect of promoting growth and inhibiting diseases. will be.

According to a feature for achieving the object as described above, the step of preparing a mixture by mixing flaxseed and perilla seed; processing the mixture in an extruder at high temperature and high pressure; The step of discharging and cooling the vapor containing hydrogen cyanide while moving and dropping the mixture through a conveyor of a multi-layer structure; and the cooling step is made by rapidly heating the mixture heated to a high temperature to 200 to 300 ° C. A first cooling step of cooling to , and a second cooling step of slowly cooling the mixture rapidly cooled to 200 to 300 ℃ to room temperature may be formed.

And the mixture may include 40-50 parts by weight of flaxseed and 40-50 parts by weight of perilla seed.

In addition, in the processing step, the extruder is characterized in that the mixture is processed for 5 to 10 seconds at a pressure of 45 to 55 bar.

In addition, in the second cooling step, a plurality of conveyors having a plurality of through holes are arranged in a multi-layer structure to promote cooling of the mixture, and the dropped mixture is transferred from the upper conveyor to the lower conveyor. It is characterized in that the vapor and heat containing hydrogen cyanide are discharged to the outside through a duct while cooling the mixture by repeating transport and dropping in a repeated path.

In addition, the mixture further includes oat hull, and the mixture may include 40 to 45 parts by weight of flaxseed, 40 to 45 parts by weight of perilla seed and 10 to 20 parts by weight of oat hull.

According to the method for producing a feed using flaxseed from which hydrogen cyanide toxicity has been removed according to the present invention, the flaxseed is processed at high temperature and pressure using an extruder and then cooled to reduce the hydrogen cyanide content of flaxseed to 250mg/kg without a chemical pretreatment process. Since it is possible to effectively remove the toxicity by removing it to less than a level, there is an effect that an eco-friendly and safe feed can be manufactured.

In addition, according to the present invention, since the vapor containing hydrogen cyanide can be effectively discharged using a duct in the process of cooling the compound processed at high temperature to room temperature by repeating transport and dropping through the multi-layered conveyor, from flaxseed It has the effect of effectively removing hydrogen cyanide.

In addition, according to the present invention, it is possible to prevent the denaturation of omega 3 and the destruction of flaxseed oil by applying the optimal process conditions in the extruder, so that it has excellent nutrition and effectively removes hydrogen cyanide, thereby improving safety. .

1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for preparing a feed using flaxseed from which hydrogen cyanide toxicity has been removed according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, a method for producing a feed using flaxseed from which hydrogen cyanide toxicity has been removed according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The terms, examples, etc. used in the present invention are merely exemplified to explain the present invention in more detail and help those of ordinary skill in the art to understand, and the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited thereto.

Technical terms and scientific terms used in the present invention represent meanings commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs, unless otherwise defined.

1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for preparing a feed using flaxseed from which hydrogen cyanide toxicity has been removed according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the method for manufacturing feed using flaxseed from which hydrogen cyanide toxicity has been removed according to the present invention is expanded and processed by high-temperature and high-pressure treatment by applying the extruder method, then cooled and contains hydrogen cyanide. A method for producing feed that can be safely consumed by livestock such as chickens, pigs, and cattle using flaxseed, which has effectively reduced hydrogen cyanide by discharging steam, is presented.

Through this, the present invention effectively removes the toxicity of hydrogen cyanide to provide a safe and safe method for producing a feed using flaxseed containing a large amount of omega 3.

To this end, the method for producing feed using flaxseed according to the present invention basically includes a step of preparing a mixture (S10), a step of processing (S20), and a step of cooling (S30).

First, the present invention starts the production of feed by mixing raw materials such as flaxseed and perilla meal (imjabak) to prepare a mixture (S10).

Here, the flaxseed is characterized by being rich in omega 3 fatty acids, but since it contains hydrogen cyanide, which is naturally toxic, when consumed in large amounts without removing toxicity, there is a problem that is harmful to health.

In addition, the perilla meal contains omega 3 fatty acids as by-products left after squeezing the oil, and has excellent omega 3 preservation performance and fat adsorption, so it is used as a source of omega 3 fatty acids, and contains more omega 3 than perilla. It is characterized by a lower price than perilla.

Here, the mixture may include 40-50 parts by weight of flaxseed and 40-50 parts by weight of perilla seed.

In addition, oat hull as well as flaxseed and perilla meal may be further added to the mixture.

Here, oat hull has a function of adsorbing fat like the perilla meal, and since it has an excellent digestibility and absorption rate (NDF) and is cheaper than the perilla meal, cost reduction is obtained if the mixture is composed of flaxseed, perilla meal, and oat hull.

However, if oat hull is added to the mixture excessively, a problem arises that the mixture has a mushy viscosity. Therefore, the optimal ratio that can obtain the same efficacy as when the mixture is made of only flaxseed and perilla meal and have an economic effect is preferably added.

For this purpose, when oat hull is further added to the mixture, it is preferable to include 40 to 45 parts by weight of flaxseed, 40 to 45 parts by weight of perilla meal, and 10 to 20 parts by weight of oat hull.

That is, the mixture consisting of flaxseed, perilla meal, and oat hull as described above contains the same level of omega-3 fatty acids as the mixture consisting of flaxseed and perilla meal alone, while reducing the cost compared to the mixture consisting of flaxseed and perilla meal alone. .

Then, the step (S20) of processing the mixture at high temperature and high pressure by putting the mixture into an extruder is performed.

In the processing step (S20), the mixture may be put into an extruder and expanded and processed at high temperature and pressure by high temperature steam and pressure.

More specifically, the extruder method is a method that can continuously process each process, such as transport, grinding, mixing, kneading, reaction, compression, heating, and molding, of raw materials entering the machine in a short period of time. to be.

And through such an extruder, the mixture is heated at high temperature and pressure to expand and process, and the processed mixture has a very good digestibility and absorption rate (NDF) of 100%.

In the processing step (S20), the extruder has a pressure of 45 to 55 bar, so that the maximum temperature is preferably 400 to 600° C. using high-temperature steam and pressure.

Here, the steam may have a heat of 370 to 430°C and a maximum temperature of 400 to 600°C at the rear end of the extruder through a high pressure condition. In this case, the high-temperature steam has an effect of preventing agglomeration of the mixture during processing.

More specifically, it is preferable that the extruder is made of a pressure of 50 bar and the maximum temperature is 450 to 520° C. through high-temperature steam and pressure conditions.

More specifically, it is most preferable that the extruder is made at a temperature of 200 to 400°C at the middle of the screw, and at the rear end of the screw at a temperature of 450 to 520°C, which is the highest temperature by high-temperature steam and pressure. do.

In this case, the section having a temperature of 450 to 520° C. is preferably a section including 50 cm from the rear end.

In addition, the time for the mixture to expand and process in the extruder is 5 to 10 seconds, more specifically, preferably 7 to 8 seconds.

Here, when the mixture is made of softness or the content of flaxseed is relatively small, it is preferable to expand processing for 5 seconds, and when the content of flaxseed in the mixture is relatively high or moisture is relatively low, it is preferable to proceed for 10 seconds Therefore, it is preferable to selectively apply the extruder processing time within the range of 5 to 10 seconds.

In addition, when the time for processing the mixture through the extruder exceeds 10 seconds, omega 3 is denatured and flaxseed oil is destroyed, which is not preferable.

In particular, when flaxseed oil is destroyed, it is undesirable to use as feed because it degenerates into the same form as water and omega 3 is denatured.

After the step (S20) of processing using such an extruder is finished, the step of cooling the mixture heated to a high temperature to room temperature (S30) proceeds.

More specifically, the cooling step (S30) includes a first cooling step (S31) of rapidly cooling the mixture processed at a high temperature of 400 to 600° C. to 200 to 300° C., and is put into an auxiliary machine at 200 to 300° C. As the rapidly cooled mixture moves and falls through the multi-layered conveyor, it cools slowly to room temperature and may include a second cooling step (S32) of discharging the vapor containing hydrogen cyanide.

And in the second cooling step (S32), a plurality of conveyors having a plurality of through-holes are arranged in a zigzag multi-layer structure to promote cooling of the mixture, and the dropped mixture is transported from the upper conveyor to the lower conveyor. It is possible to cool the mixture by repeating the zigzag path transport and the falling structure in which the structure to be moved apart and transported in the opposite direction is repeated.

In addition, the first cooling step (S31) is transferred through a conveyor as described above and may be rapidly cooled, but is not limited thereto, and rapid cooling may be performed through a separate cooling device.

The auxiliary machine includes a conveyor comprising a belt that slides to transport the input mixture, and a roller that rotates to move the belt.

At this time, the belt is preferably made of a stainless steel mesh so as not to deform even when a high-temperature mixture is placed.

In addition, the rollers of the adjacent conveyors rotate in different directions, so that the lower conveyor is preferably arranged in a zigzag so as to protrude from the falling position of the mixture so that the mixture of the upper conveyor can be transported apart.

That is, the conveyors of each layer are arranged in a zigzag so that the mixture can fall on the conveyor located below, and the conveyors of the adjacent layers can transport the mixture in different directions, drop it, and dry-clean it.

More specifically, after the mixture of the conveyor located on the upper side is transferred to one side and dropped from one end, the mixture of the conveyor located on the lower side is transferred to the other side and dropped from the other end, repeating the process of dry cleaning.

At this time, the number of layers of the conveyor is not limited, but it is preferable to apply a 3 to 5 stage structure, and it is most preferable to have a conveyor having a 5 stage structure in order to effectively remove hydrogen cyanide from the mixture.

Here, it is preferable that one layer of the conveyor is made of 90 to 110 cm and has a falling space of 20 cm or more at the end of the conveying direction.

In this case, the mixture may be uniformly dry-cleaned by repeating the transfer and dropping processes.

In addition, the auxiliary machine for cooling may further include a blower and a duct capable of forcibly discharging steam as well as a conveyor.

Through this, in the first cooling step (S31) and the second cooling step (S32), the steam and heat containing hydrogen cyanide discharged from the mixture through a blower and a duct can be forcibly discharged to the outside.

And the duct functions to suck the heat of the mixture to help cool the mixture.

In addition, the auxiliary machine may be further provided with a windless cooler to supply cold air to cool the mixture, but not to blow the mixture.

Through this, it is possible to cool the mixture without wind by using a windless cooler that supplies windless cooling air in the cooling step (S32), and the belt of the conveyor on which the mixture is placed has a through hole with a smaller diameter than the mixture. Thus, the structure allows for air flow.

That is, the mixture is cooled using the cooling air introduced through the through hole, and while the vapor containing hydrogen cyanide can be easily discharged through the through hole, a uniform amount of the mixture is transported through the conveyor, hydrogen cyanide removal and cooling This can be done effectively.

In addition, steam and heat are discharged to the outside through the blower and the duct, and as the flow of air occurs, convection is generated in which external air at a relatively low temperature is introduced into the inner space of the auxiliary machine.

Due to this flow of air, external air at a relatively lower room temperature than the internal temperature of the auxiliary device is introduced into the inner space of the auxiliary device, so that the temperature of the inner space of the auxiliary machine can be effectively lowered and the mixture is used with a windless cooler Since it is possible to cool the, there is an effect that can reduce energy consumption and increase the cooling efficiency.

In addition, if the heat of the mixture heated to 400 to 600 ℃ is rapidly cooled to room temperature, there may be a problem in that hydrogen cyanide is not discharged from the flaxseed and remains, and the cause of the cost increase is because the energy consumption such as refrigerant and power is high Therefore, it is preferable to have a structure that can be cooled gradually.

That is, the cooling step of the present invention comprises a first cooling step of rapidly cooling and a second cooling step of slowly cooling, and the second cooling step moves and falls through a multi-layered structure arranged in a zigzag pattern. As it is cooled slowly over many repetitions, hydrogen cyanide can be removed more reliably and effectively, and there is an energy saving effect.

In addition, the conveyor is not limited to a zigzag multi-layer structure, and the lower conveyor can transport the mixture dropped from the upper conveyor and can be configured as a multi-layer conveyor arranged along the longitudinal direction so that it can be transported in the same direction as the upper conveyor. .

In addition, the dry-cleaned mixture through the cooling step (S30) is made at a temperature of 20 to 25 ℃, wherein the hydrogen cyanide content of the flaxseed contained in the mixture is characterized in that less than 250ppm.

When sows ingested a feed containing omega 3 rich flaxseed and perilla seeds prepared through the above steps, the immunity and milk flow of the sow and the immunity of the piglets were improved, resulting in a survival rate of 90%. has the effect of being

In addition, when the feed prepared according to the present invention is consumed by the laying hens, there is an advantage in that the egg yolk is thick, the elasticity is improved, and the flavor is increased.

In addition, according to the method for producing a feed using flaxseed from which hydrogen cyanide toxicity has been removed according to the present invention, a physical method, not chemical decomposition, to evaporate the hydrogen cyanide present in the captured state inside the raw material by applying high temperature and high pressure to the flaxseed. Since it is discharged into the air through the

As such, the method for producing a feed containing flax seeds according to the present invention effectively removes hydrogen cyanide toxicity to less than 250 ppm of European standards, and is safe and contains a large amount of omega 3 fatty acids to enhance immunity of livestock such as pigs, chickens, and cattle. There is an advantage.

[ Example One]

Prepare a mixture by preparing flaxseed, perilla meal, and oat hull containing 250ppm hydrogen cyanide as raw materials for feed, and mixing 45g of flaxseed, 45g of perilla meal, and 10g of oat hull.

Then, the mixture was put into an extruder, high-temperature steam and pressure of 50 bar were applied to form a condition of a maximum temperature of 490° C., and expansion processing was performed once under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions for 7 seconds.

The mixture in a high temperature state after high-temperature expansion processing using the extruder method was rapidly cooled to 200°C.

Then, the mixture at 200°C is put into a 5-stage conveyor, a windless cooler, and an auxiliary machine equipped with a duct, moves along the conveyor, and falls until 25°C while discharging the hydrogen cyanide-containing vapor by repeating the process of falling 5 times. It was cooled slowly.

Through this, the dry-cleaning mixture was discharged to the outside of the auxiliary machine to complete the production of feed.

[ Example 2]

Flaxseed, perilla meal, and oat hull containing 300ppm hydrogen cyanide were prepared as raw materials for feed, and a mixture was prepared by mixing 45g of flaxseed, 45g of perilla meal, and 10g of oat hull, except for the hydrogen cyanide content of flaxseed in Examples It was prepared under the same conditions and method as in 1.

[ Example 3]

Flaxseed, perilla meal, and oat hull containing 350ppm hydrogen cyanide were prepared as raw materials for feed, and a mixture was prepared by mixing 45g of flaxseed, 45g of perilla meal, and 10g of oat hull, except for the hydrogen cyanide content of flaxseed in Examples It was prepared under the same conditions and method as in 1.

[ test example One] in the example Comparison of the amount of hydrogen cyanide detected in flaxseed according to

division before processing
Detected amount of hydrogen cyanide (ppm) After completion of the process
Detected amount of hydrogen cyanide (ppm) Example 1 253 202 Example 2 302 221 Example 3 354 240

In Test Example 1, the final hydrogen cyanide content of Examples 1 to 3 in which the processing and cooling processes were completed using flaxseed having a different hydrogen cyanide content before processing was measured.

As shown in Table 1, in Examples 1 to 3, hydrogen cyanide was detected at less than 250 ppm, confirming that it was safe by satisfying all European standards (less than 250 ppm).

That is, even when flaxseed containing a lot of hydrogen cyanide is used as in Example 3, hydrogen cyanide toxicity is effectively removed by releasing hydrogen cyanide into the air through the conditions of processing at high temperature and high pressure using an extruder and cooling step. I could confirm that I was doing it.

[ test example 2] in the extruder Comparison of removal of hydrogen cyanide toxicity according to difference in maximum temperature of processing

division Maximum processing temperature (℃) Hydrogen cyanide before processing
Detection amount (ppm) After completion of the process
Detected amount of hydrogen cyanide (ppm) Example 2 490 302 221 Comparative Example 1 390 302 252 Comparative Example 2 290 302 265 Comparative Example 3 190 302 280

In Test Example 2, in order to compare the toxicity removal effect of hydrogen cyanide according to the difference in the maximum temperature of the expansion processing in the extruder, the pressure of the extruder was adjusted for the flaxseed of the same lot as in Example 2, and the maximum processing temperature was was changed to proceed with the test example.

Here, Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were performed by changing the maximum temperature of the extruder among the process conditions of Example 2, and all other conditions except for the conditions of the extruder were the same, and Examples 2 and 1 to 3 The amount of hydrogen cyanide detected before silver processing was the same as 302 ppm.

And the maximum processing temperature in the extruder of Example 2 was 490°C, Comparative Example 1 was 390°C, Comparative Example 2 was 290°C, and Comparative Example 3 was 190°C, and the maximum processing temperature was gradually lowered.

As a result, as shown in Table 2, the hydrogen cyanide content of Example 2 was less than 250 ppm, which satisfies the European food addition standard (less than 250 ppm), but Comparative Examples 1 to 3 exceeded 250 ppm and it was confirmed that hydrogen cyanide was not effectively removed. did.

It was confirmed that the most important condition for removing hydrogen cyanide was the temperature in the extruder.

[ test example 3] Flaxseed on the extruder Check flaxseed oil deterioration according to processing time when inputting and processing

division processing time Is flaxseed oil altered? Examples 1-3 7 seconds X Example 4 8 seconds X Example 5 9 seconds X Example 6 10 seconds X Comparative Example 4 11 seconds O Comparative Example 5 12 seconds O

In Test Example 3, the processing time was changed in order to check the deterioration of flaxseed oil with time when flaxseed was put into the extruder and processed.

To this end, Examples 4 to 6 and Comparative Examples 4 to 5 were carried out by changing only the extruder processing time in Example 1, and all other conditions were applied the same to prepare a feed.

As a result, as shown in Table 3, in Comparative Examples 7 to 8 in which the processing time in the extruder exceeded 10 seconds, it was confirmed that the flaxseed oil was deteriorated like water, and when the flaxseed oil was altered, the omega 3 was denatured. Since it is not preferable, it was confirmed that the extruder processing time was preferably 10 seconds or less.

As described above, the rights of the present invention are not limited to the embodiments described above, but are defined by the claims, and those of ordinary skill in the art may make various modifications and adaptations within the scope of the claims. It is self-evident that you can

Claims (5)

Preparing a mixture by mixing flaxseed and perilla seeds having a hydrogen cyanide content of 250 ppm or more (S10);
Putting the mixture into an extruder and processing it for 5 to 10 seconds at 490° C. and 45 to 55 bar high-temperature and high-pressure conditions (S20); and
and cooling the mixture heated to high temperature to room temperature (S30);
The cooling step (S30) is,
The first cooling step (S31) of rapidly cooling the mixture heated to a high temperature to 200 to 300 ° C., and the mixture rapidly cooled to 200 to 300 ° C. Slowly cooling to room temperature while moving and falling through the multi-layered conveyor, cyanidation A method for producing a feed using flaxseed from which hydrogen cyanide toxicity is removed, characterized in that it comprises a second cooling step (S32) of discharging hydrogen-containing vapor.
According to claim 1,
The mixture is a method for producing a feed using flaxseed from which hydrogen cyanide toxicity is removed, characterized in that it comprises 40-50 parts by weight of flaxseed and 40-50 parts by weight of perilla seed.
delete According to claim 1,
The second cooling step (S32),
A plurality of conveyors having a plurality of through holes are arranged in a multi-layer structure to promote cooling of the mixture, and after transporting from the upper conveyor, the dropped mixture is transferred to the lower conveyor. A method of manufacturing a feed using flaxseed from which hydrogen cyanide toxicity has been removed, characterized in that the vapor and heat containing hydrogen cyanide are discharged to the outside through a duct while cooling the mixture by repeating the fall.
According to claim 1,
The mixture further includes oat hulls,
The mixture, 40 to 45 parts by weight of flaxseed, 40 to 45 parts by weight of perilla meal, 10 to 20 parts by weight of oat hulls A method for producing a feed using flaxseed from which hydrogen cyanide toxicity is removed.

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