KR102504735B1 - Feed using flaxseed without hydrogen cyanide toxicity - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a feed using flaxseed from which hydrogen cyanide toxicity has been removed, and is prepared by processing a mixture of flaxseed and perilla seed meal at high temperature and high pressure using an extruder method and then cooling the feed, which is rich in omega-3 fatty acids and has hydrogen cyanide toxicity It is about this effectively removed feed.
The present invention consists of a mixture mixed with 40 to 50 parts by weight of flaxseed and 40 to 50 parts by weight of perilla seed meal, the mixture is put into an extruder and processed at high temperature and high pressure, and the mixture processed at high temperature and high pressure is 200 to 50 parts by weight. It is characterized in that it is produced by rapidly cooling to 300 ° C. and slowly cooling to room temperature while discharging steam containing hydrogen cyanide.

Description

Feed using flax seeds from which hydrogen cyanide toxicity has been removed {FEED USING FLAXSEED WITHOUT HYDROGEN CYANIDE TOXICITY}

The present invention relates to a feed using linseed from which hydrogen cyanide toxicity has been removed, and is rich in omega-3 fatty acids by manufacturing a mixture of flaxseed and perilla seed meal by expansion processing at high temperature and high pressure using an extruding method and then cooling the mixture. It relates to a feed using flaxseed with improved safety because flaxseed oil is not damaged and hydrogen cyanide toxicity is effectively removed.

Flaxseed is the seed of flax, an annual plant of the flax family. It is rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which can prevent various cardiovascular diseases and heart diseases, and also helps prevent dermatitis through anti-inflammatory action.

In addition, flaxseed contains a large amount of lignans with anti-cancer effects, which are a kind of phytoestrogens that act similarly to female hormones in the body, helping to relieve menopausal transpiration, and are also rich in dietary fiber, which is good for constipation and diet. It contains large amounts of unsaturated fatty acids.

These flaxseeds are particularly rich in omega 3 and can be used as animal feed to promote animal growth and suppress disease.

However, since flaxseed contains cyanide (cyanide), which is a natural toxic component, it must be removed and consumed. In case of ingesting a large amount of cyanide-containing flaxseed, there is a risk of exposure to toxicity, so caution is required.

Even if linseed is pulverized into powder, hydrogen cyanide trapped in the flaxseed does not come out completely and remains inside. .

In addition, in order to remove hydrogen cyanide from flaxseed, a heating process such as roasting flaxseed at about 100 ° C is generally carried out, but the hydrogen cyanide content of flaxseed itself is not constant and varies, and heating at about 100 ° C There is a problem in that hydrogen cyanide present in a collected state cannot be effectively removed.

In addition, since the hydrogen cyanide content standard for feed and food raw materials in Europe is less than 250 ppm, research and development of feed that can be safely used by removing hydrogen cyanide from flax seeds is required to achieve this cyanide content standard.

Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-1389583 (2014.04.21.)

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to effectively remove hydrogen cyanide contained in flaxseed so that livestock can safely consume it. .

Another object of the present invention is to provide a feed using linseed from which hydrogen cyanide toxicity is removed, which strengthens the immunity of livestock by using omega 3 contained in flaxseed and perilla seeds, and has growth promoting and disease inhibiting effects.

According to the characteristics for achieving the above object, it comprises a mixture of 40 to 50 parts by weight of flaxseed and 40 to 50 parts by weight of perilla seed meal, and the mixture is put into an extruder and processed at high temperature and high pressure. , The mixture processed at high temperature and high pressure may be rapidly cooled to 200 to 300 ° C., and then gradually cooled to room temperature while discharging steam containing hydrogen cyanide.

In addition, the extruder is characterized in that the mixture is processed for 5 to 10 seconds at a pressure of 45 to 55 bar.

In addition, after the mixture is rapidly cooled to 200 to 300 ° C., the mixture is transferred from the upper conveyor through a plurality of conveyors provided with a plurality of through holes and arranged in a multi-layer structure to promote cooling of the mixture, and then the dropped mixture It is characterized in that steam and heat containing hydrogen cyanide are discharged to the outside through a duct while the mixture is gradually cooled to room temperature by repeating the transfer and fall in a repeated path of the conveyor located on the lower side.

In addition, the mixture may further include oat husk, and the mixture may include 40 to 45 parts by weight of flaxseed, 40 to 45 parts by weight of perilla seed meal, and 10 to 20 parts by weight of oat hull.

According to the feed using flaxseed from which hydrogen cyanide toxicity has been removed according to the present invention, the flaxseed is processed at high temperature and high pressure using an extruder and then cooled to remove the hydrogen cyanide content of flaxseed to less than 250mg/kg without a chemical pretreatment process As it can effectively remove toxicity, it has an eco-friendly and safe effect.

In addition, according to the present invention, steam containing hydrogen cyanide can be effectively discharged using a duct in the process of repeatedly transporting and dropping the compound processed at high temperature through a multi-layered conveyor and cooling it to room temperature, so that It has the effect of effectively removing hydrogen cyanide.

In addition, according to the present invention, it is possible to prevent denaturation of omega 3 and destruction of flax oil by applying optimal process conditions in the extruder, thereby improving safety by effectively removing hydrogen cyanide while maintaining excellent nutrition.

The feed using linseed from which hydrogen cyanide toxicity has been removed according to the present invention will be described in detail.

The terms, examples, etc. used in the present invention are merely exemplified to explain the present invention in more detail and help the understanding of those skilled in the art, and the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited thereto.

Technical terms and scientific terms used in the present invention represent meanings commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs, unless otherwise defined.

The feed using flaxseed from which hydrogen cyanide toxicity has been removed according to the present invention is made of flaxseed and perilla seed meal, expanded by high-temperature and high-pressure treatment by applying an extruder method, cooled, and steam containing hydrogen cyanide. Suggest feed that livestock such as chickens, pigs, and cows can safely consume by using flaxseed with hydrogen cyanide effectively reduced by emission.

Through this, the present invention effectively removes hydrogen cyanide toxicity and proposes a feed using flaxseed that is safe and contains a large amount of omega-3.

To this end, the feed according to the present invention basically consists of a compound containing flaxseed and perilla seeds (imjabak).

Here, the flaxseed is characterized by being rich in omega-3 fatty acids, but since it contains hydrogen cyanide, which is naturally toxic, there is a problem that is harmful to health when ingested in large amounts without removing toxicity.

In addition, the perilla meal contains omega-3 fatty acids as a by-product left after oil is squeezed, and has excellent omega-3 preservation performance and fat adsorption, so it is used as a source of omega-3 fatty acids, and contains more omega-3 than perilla seeds. It is characterized by a lower price than perilla.

Here, the mixture may include 40 to 50 parts by weight of flaxseed and 40 to 50 parts by weight of perilla seed.

In addition, oat hulls may be further added to the mixture as well as flax seeds and perilla seeds.

Here, the oatmeal functions as fat adsorption like the perilla meal, but since the digestion and absorption rate (NDF) is excellent and cheaper than the perilla meal, cost reduction is obtained if the mixture is composed of flaxseed, perilla meal, and oatmeal.

However, if oat hulls are excessively added to the mixture, the mixture becomes mushy and viscous, so the optimal ratio that can obtain the same effect as when the mixture consists of only flaxseed and perilla seed meal and has an economical effect It is preferably added as

For this purpose, when oat husk is further added to the mixture, it is preferable that the mixture includes 40 to 45 parts by weight of flaxseed, 40 to 45 parts by weight of perilla meal, and 10 to 20 parts by weight of oat husk.

That is, the mixture composed of flaxseed, perilla seed meal, and oat hull has the characteristic of being able to reduce the cost compared to the mixture composed only of flaxseed and perilla seed meal while containing an equal level of omega-3 fatty acids and the mixture composed only of flaxseed and perilla seed meal. there is.

In addition, the mixture may be put into an extruder and expanded at high temperature and high pressure by steam and pressure.

More specifically, the extruder method is a method that can continuously process each process such as transportation, grinding, mixing, kneading, reaction, compression, heating, and molding of raw materials entered into the machine in a short period of time. am.

In addition, the mixture is heated at high temperature and high pressure through the extruder and subjected to expansion processing, and the processed mixture has very excellent characteristics such as a digestion rate (NDF) of 100%.

The extruder, which expands the mixture at high temperature and high pressure, preferably has a pressure of 45 to 55 bar and a maximum temperature of 400 to 600 ° C using high-temperature steam and pressure.

Here, the steam may have a heat of 370 to 430°C and a maximum temperature of 400 to 600°C at the rear end of the extruder through a high-pressure condition. At this time, the high-temperature steam has an effect of preventing aggregation of the mixture during processing.

More specifically, it is preferable that the extruder has a pressure of 50 bar and a maximum temperature of 450 to 520 ° C through high-temperature steam and pressure conditions.

More specifically, the extruder is most preferably made at a temperature of 200 to 400 ° C. at the middle of the screw, and at the highest temperature of 450 to 520 ° C. at the rear end of the screw by high-temperature steam and pressure. do.

At this time, the section consisting of a temperature of 450 to 520 ° C. is preferably a section including 50 cm from the rear end.

In addition, the expansion processing time of the mixture in the extruder is preferably 5 to 10 seconds, more specifically 7 to 8 seconds.

Here, when the mixture is soft or the content of flaxseed is relatively small, it is preferable to expand the process for 5 seconds, and when the content of flaxseed is relatively high or the moisture content is relatively low in the mixture, it is preferable to proceed with expansion processing for 10 seconds. Therefore, it is preferable to selectively apply the extruder processing time within the range of 5 to 10 seconds.

In addition, when the processing time of the mixture through the extruder exceeds 10 seconds, omega 3 is denatured and linseed oil is destroyed, which is not preferable.

In particular, when flaxseed oil is destroyed, it is undesirable to use it as feed because it deteriorates into a water-like form and omega 3 is denatured.

As described above, the mixture processed to a high temperature of 400 to 600 ° C through the extruder method is rapidly cooled to 200 to 300 ° C and then put into an auxiliary machine, moving and falling through a multi-layered conveyor, containing hydrogen cyanide It is preferable to slowly cool down to room temperature while discharging steam.

In the auxiliary machine, a plurality of conveyors having a plurality of through holes are arranged in a zigzag multi-layer structure to promote cooling of the mixture, and the mixture dropped after being transferred from the upper conveyor falls to the lower conveyor and is transported in the opposite direction The mixture may be cooled by repeating the zigzag-shaped path transfer and drop in which the structure is repeated.

The auxiliary machine includes a conveyor comprising a belt that slides to transport the input mixture and a roller that rotates to move the belt.

At this time, it is preferable that the belt is made of a stainless steel net so that it is not deformed even when a hot mixture is placed thereon.

Rollers of adjacent conveyors rotate in different directions so that the mixture on the upper conveyor can be transported apart, so that the conveyor on the lower side protrudes from the drop position of the mixture.

That is, the conveyors of each layer are arranged in a zigzag pattern so that the mixture can fall on the lower conveyor, and the conveyors of the adjacent layers transfer and drop the mixture in different directions to perform dry cleaning.

More specifically, the mixture on the upper conveyor is transferred to one side and dropped from one end, and then the mixture on the lower conveyor is transferred to the other side and dropped from the other end, and the dry cleaning process is repeated.

At this time, the number of layers of the conveyor is not limited, but it is preferable to apply a 3 to 5-step structure, and it is most preferable to have a 5-step conveyor structure in order to effectively remove hydrogen cyanide from the mixture.

Here, the conveyor of one layer is made of 90 to 110 cm, and it is preferable to have a drop space of 20 cm or more at the end of the conveying direction.

At this time, the mixture is characterized in that it can be uniformly dry-cleaned by repeating the transfer and dropping process.

In addition, the auxiliary machine for cooling may further include a blower and a duct capable of forcibly discharging steam as well as a conveyor.

Through this, while the mixture heated to high temperature and high pressure and expanded is transported through the conveyor, steam and heat containing hydrogen cyanide discharged from the mixture discharged from the mixture can be forcibly discharged to the outside through a blower and a duct.

At this time, the duct serves to cool the mixture by inhaling heat from the mixture as well as hydrogen cyanide discharged from the mixture.

In addition, the auxiliary machine may further include a windless cooler to supply cold air to cool the mixture, but not to blow the mixture.

Through this, the mixture can be cooled without wind using a windless cooler that supplies cooling air of no wind, and the belt of the conveyor on which the mixture is placed has a through hole made of a smaller diameter than the mixture so that air flow is possible. structure is made

That is, the mixture is cooled using the cooling air introduced through the through hole, and the vapor containing hydrogen cyanide can be easily discharged through the through hole, while a uniform amount of the mixture is transported through the conveyor, removing and cooling hydrogen cyanide This can be done effectively.

In addition, steam and heat are discharged to the outside through the blower and the duct, and as air flows, convection occurs in which relatively low-temperature external air is introduced into the inner space of the auxiliary machine.

Due to this flow of air, external air at room temperature relatively lower than the internal temperature of the auxiliary device is introduced into the inner space of the auxiliary device, so that the temperature of the inner space of the auxiliary machine can be effectively lowered, and in addition, the air-free cooler can be used to cool the mixture. Since it can be cooled, there is an effect of reducing energy consumption and increasing cooling efficiency.

In addition, when the heat of the mixture heated to 400 to 600 ° C is rapidly cooled to room temperature, there may be a problem that hydrogen cyanide remains without being emitted from the flaxseed, and energy consumption such as refrigerant and power is high. Therefore, it is preferable to have a structure capable of gradually cooling.

That is, the mixture in a high temperature state after being expanded by the extruder method is not rapidly cooled at once, but the mixture heated to 400 to 600 ° C is rapidly cooled to 200 to 300 ° C and then gradually cooled to 20 to 25 ° C. will be.

More specifically, the mixture cooled rapidly to 200 to 300 ° C., in the second cooling step, moves and falls repeatedly through a zigzag multi-layer structure conveyor and gradually cools down hydrogen cyanide more reliably and It can be effectively removed and has an energy saving effect.

In addition, the mixture heated to 400 to 600 ° C. may be transported and cooled through the conveyor as described above in order to rapidly increase the mixture to 200 to 300 ° C., but is not limited thereto, and may be rapidly cooled through a separate cooling device.

In addition, the conveyor is not limited to a zigzag multilayer structure, and the lower conveyor can transport the mixture falling from the upper conveyor and may be configured as a multilayer conveyor disposed along the longitudinal direction so that the mixture is transported in the same direction as the upper conveyor.

In addition, the dry-cleaned mixture after the extruder method is made at a temperature of 20 to 25 ° C. At this time, since the hydrogen cyanide content of the flaxseed contained in the mixture is less than 250 ppm, the toxicity of hydrogen cyanide is removed so that livestock can safely consume it. can

When the feed according to the present invention is ingested by the sow, the immunity and milk flow of the sow are improved and the immunity of the piglet is improved through the abundant omega 3, so that the survival rate is improved to a level of 90%.

In addition, when the laying hens consume the feed according to the present invention, the egg yolk is thick, the elasticity is improved, and the taste is more fragrant.

As such, the flaxseed-containing feed according to the present invention effectively removes hydrogen cyanide toxicity below the standard value, is safe, and contains a large amount of omega-3 fatty acids, thereby increasing the immunity of livestock such as pigs, chickens, and cattle.

[Example 1]

As raw materials for the feed, flaxseed, perilla meal, and oat hull containing 250 ppm of hydrogen cyanide were prepared, and a mixture was prepared by mixing 45 g of flaxseed, 45 g of perilla meal, and 10 g of oat hull.

Then, the mixture was put into an extruder, and high-temperature steam and a pressure of 50 bar were applied to form a condition of a maximum temperature of 490 ° C.

The high-temperature mixture subjected to high-temperature expansion processing by the extruder method was rapidly cooled to 200°C.

Then, the mixture at 200℃ is put into an auxiliary machine equipped with a 5-stage conveyor, a wind-free cooler, and a duct, moves along the conveyor, and then repeats the process of falling 5 times to discharge steam containing hydrogen cyanide up to 25℃. cooled slowly.

Through this, the dry-cleaned mixture was discharged to the outside of the auxiliary machine to complete the manufacture of feed.

[Example 2]

As raw materials for feed, flaxseed, perilla meal, and oatmeal containing 300 ppm of hydrogen cyanide were prepared, and a mixture was prepared by mixing 45g of flaxseed, 45g of perillameal, and 10g of oatmeal, except for the content of hydrogen cyanide in flaxseed. It was prepared under the same conditions and method as in 1.

[Example 3]

As raw materials for feed, flaxseed, perilla meal, and oatmeal containing 350 ppm of hydrogen cyanide were prepared, and a mixture was prepared by mixing 45g of flaxseed, 45g of perillameal, and 10g of oatmeal, except for the content of hydrogen cyanide in flaxseed. It was prepared under the same conditions and method as in 1.

[ test example One] in the examples Comparison of hydrogen cyanide detection in flax seeds

division before processing
Detected amount of hydrogen cyanide (ppm) After process completion
Detected amount of hydrogen cyanide (ppm) Example 1 253 202 Example 2 302 221 Example 3 354 240

In Test Example 1, the final hydrogen cyanide content of Examples 1 to 3 after processing and cooling was measured using linseeds having different hydrogen cyanide contents before processing.

As shown in Table 1, in Examples 1 to 3, hydrogen cyanide was detected at less than 250 ppm, and it was confirmed that it was safe by satisfying all European standards (less than 250 ppm).

That is, even if linseed containing a lot of hydrogen cyanide is used as in Example 3, hydrogen cyanide is released into the air through the process of processing at high temperature and high pressure using an extruder and the process of cooling to effectively remove hydrogen cyanide toxicity. I was able to confirm that

[ test example 2] on the extruder Comparison of hydrogen cyanide toxicity removal according to the difference in maximum processing temperature

division Maximum processing temperature (℃) Hydrogen cyanide before processing
Detection amount (ppm) After process completion
Detected amount of hydrogen cyanide (ppm) Example 2 490 302 221 Comparative Example 1 390 302 252 Comparative Example 2 290 302 265 Comparative Example 3 190 302 280

In Test Example 2, in order to compare the toxicity removal effect of hydrogen cyanide according to the difference in the maximum temperature of the expansion processing in the extruder, the pressure of the extruder was adjusted for the same lot of flaxseed as in Example 2 to obtain the maximum processing temperature was changed to proceed with the test example.

Here, Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were performed by changing the maximum temperature of the extruder among the process conditions of Example 2, and all other conditions except the extruder conditions were performed the same, Example 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 The detection amount of hydrogen cyanide before silver processing was the same as 302 ppm.

In addition, the maximum processing temperature in the extruder of Example 2 was 490 ° C, Comparative Example 1 was 390 ° C, Comparative Example 2 was 290 ° C, and Comparative Example 3 was 190 ° C. The maximum processing temperature was gradually lowered.

As a result, as shown in Table 2, the hydrogen cyanide content of Example 2 was less than 250 ppm, satisfying the European food additive standard (less than 250 ppm), but Comparative Examples 1 to 3 exceeded 250 ppm, confirming that hydrogen cyanide was not effectively removed. did

It was confirmed that the most important condition for removing hydrogen cyanide was the temperature in the extruder.

[ test example 3] Flaxseed on the extruder Check the deterioration of flaxseed oil according to the processing time when inputting and processing

division processing time Whether or not flaxseed oil has deteriorated Examples 1 to 3 7 seconds X Example 4 8 seconds X Example 5 9 seconds X Example 6 10 seconds X Comparative Example 4 11 seconds O Comparative Example 5 12 seconds O

In Test Example 3, the processing time was changed in order to confirm the deterioration of the flaxseed oil over time when the flaxseed was added from the extruder and processed.

To this end, Examples 4 to 6 and Comparative Examples 4 to 5 were carried out by changing only the processing time of the extruder in Example 1, and the feed was prepared by applying all other conditions the same.

As a result, as shown in Table 3, in Comparative Examples 7 to 8 in which the processing time in the extruder exceeded 10 seconds, it was confirmed that the flaxseed oil deteriorated like water. Since it is not preferable, it was confirmed that the processing time of the extruder is preferably 10 seconds or less.

As described above, the rights of the present invention are defined by what is described in the claims, not limited to the embodiments described above, and various modifications and adaptations within the scope of rights described in the claims by those skilled in the art in the field of the present invention It is self-evident that you can do

Claims (4)

It consists of a mixture mixed with 45 parts by weight of flaxseed, 45 parts by weight of perilla meal, and 10 parts by weight of oat hull,
The mixture is
After being put into the extruder and processed for 7 seconds under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions of 490°C and 50 bar, rapid cooling to 200°C, and through a plurality of conveyors arranged in a multi-layered structure with a plurality of through holes, on the upper conveyor After transfer, the dropped mixture is transported to the conveyor located on the lower side. It is manufactured by repeating the transfer and drop in a repeated path, slowly cooling to room temperature, and discharging steam and heat containing hydrogen cyanide to the outside through a duct. ,
For pigs using flaxseed from which hydrogen cyanide toxicity has been removed, characterized in that omega-3 in the flaxseed does not denature, the hydrogen cyanide content is less than 250 ppm, and satisfies a digestion rate of 100% and a survival rate of 90% feed.
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