JP5671570B2 - Cattle and pig feed and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a feed for beef and pigs made from glutinous rice with rice husks and a method for producing the same.

  In recent years, efforts to use rice as a substitute for wheat and corn, which are the main raw materials for livestock feed, have been rapidly expanding, and production of rice specialized for use in feed raw materials called feed rice Breeding has been improved.

  Conventionally, when this feed rice is used as a feed raw material in the state of rice bran with rice husks, as shown in p88 to p92 of Non-Patent Document 1 below, the rice is crushed by pressing, that is, crushed by applying pressure, The digested rice husk is broken or finely broken or finely divided to improve the digestibility of the grains covered with the rice husk.

“Feed rice production and salary technology manual 2011”, Agricultural and Food Industry Research Organization, 2011, p88-p92

  However, even if rice husks are broken and pulverized by processing such as pressure pens, the digestibility of the rice husk itself or the entire feed including rice husks has not been improved.

  Feed containing rice husks is effective for chickens that can eat and digest hard foods, but for cattle and pigs, it has poor palatability for cattle and pork husks. There is a problem of not eating.

  The present invention provides a feed for cattle and swine that improves the palatability and digestibility of cattle and pigs for rice husk blended feed while using the rice husk with rice husk as a feed raw material.

Briefly, the feed for cattle and pigs according to the present invention is made from glutinous rice with rice husks, and the pulverized product of the grains contained in the glutinous rice expands to exhibit a porous structure, and the above-mentioned expanded rice grains exhibiting the porous structure contain the above-mentioned It has a structure in which fiber pieces that are crushed rice husk contained in glutinous rice are mixed, and fiber husks that are crushed rice husk are mixed in puffed seeds, so that hard rice husks give palatability to cattle and pigs. While suppressing the influence, the palatability of the porous structure of the porous structure improves the palatability and improves the digestibility by the expanded structure.

  As another example, the above-mentioned swollen seeds made from rice husks with rice husks are blended with other grain feeds, for example, feeds made from corn, milo, soybeans, etc., to provide a feed for cows and pigs with an excellent nutritional balance. Preferably, it is a feed for beef and pigs containing a feed derived from corn and rice husk with rice husk and corn, and more preferably a cow containing rice husk and rice husk using rice husk and pressed corn Pig food.

Moreover, the manufacturing method of the feed for cattle and pigs based on this invention consists of the structure of A thru | or D described below,
A: Raw rice with rice husks
B: While the above-mentioned rice husk with rice husks is compressed and conveyed by an extruder, the grain of rice husk and rice husks are pulverized together and kneaded.
C: accelerating the self-heating of the pulverized material and vaporization of the moisture of the grain due to the self-heating with the compressed conveyance,
D: The compression of the pulverized material is released at the outlet of the compression conveyance to promote the expansion of the pulverized product of the seeds, thereby forming the expanded sap containing the fiber pieces as the pulverized rice husks in the interior. By releasing the vapor in the middle, the expanded bud is made porous.

  Preferably, immediately after the compression is released at the outlet of the compressing conveyance and the expanded pellet is formed, the expanded pellet is cut into a desired size by a rotating cutter that rotates to face the outer surface of the outlet.

  According to the cow pig feed according to the present invention, the palatability and digestibility of cattle and pigs can be improved while using the rice bran with chaff as a feed material.

  Moreover, according to the manufacturing method which concerns on this invention, the feed for cows and pigs which the said palatability and digestibility improve can be manufactured appropriately and easily.

An enlarged view of the surface of feed for beef and swine (puffed grain made from glutinous rice with rice husks). The expanded sectional view of the feed for cattle and pigs (a puffed grain made from glutinous rice with rice husks). Sectional drawing of the principal part of an extruder. The principal part expanded sectional view of a cylindrical cap. Perspective view of main part showing relationship between rotary cutter and die

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

<Feed for cattle and pigs according to the present invention>
As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the bovine pig feed 1 according to the present invention is made from glutinous rice with rice husks, and the pulverized product of grains contained in the glutinous rice expands to exhibit a porous structure. It has a structure in which fibrous pieces 3 which are pulverized products of rice husks contained in the above-mentioned rice bran are mixed in the expanded expanded seed 2.

  More specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, on the surface of the bovine pig feed 1, one of the extremely small fiber pieces (pulverized rice husks) 3 mixed in the expanded peas 2 exhibiting the porous structure. Part is exposed irregularly.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, a large number of voids 4 are formed in addition to the micropores that form a porous structure in the swollen shell 2, and the fibrous pieces 3 are formed in the swollen shell 2. Are irregularly mixed.

  In addition, the above-mentioned swollen seed 2 appears in spots of a white portion derived from endosperm and a brown portion derived from the rice husk or cocoon that has been discolored by grinding the rice husk or cocoon.

  As is clear from the above structure, the bovine pig feed 1 according to the present invention improves the palatability of cattle and pigs by improving the palatability by the porous structure 2 having a porous structure on the surface. Incidentally, the fiber pieces 3 which are crushed pieces of rice husks are irregularly and slightly exposed on the surface and do not affect the mouthfeel.

  In addition, in the inside, a void 4 is formed in addition to the micropores forming the porous structure in the expanded structure 2 of the porous structure, and the fiber pieces 3 as crushed pieces of rice husks are mixed in the expanded structure 2 The texture is not impaired by the firmness of the fibrous piece 3. From this point, the palatability of cattle and pigs is improved.

  Furthermore, the fiber pieces 3 derived from the hard-to-digest rice husks are mixed in the puffed seeds 2 having a porous structure with good digestibility, thereby assisting the digestion of the fiber pieces 3 and the digestibility of the whole feed. To improve. Moreover, the effect as a fibrous feed can be expected by mixing the fibrous pieces 3.

  Further, since the expanded seed 2 is formed by heat treatment as will be described later, digestibility is also improved in this respect.

  As another example of the feed for beef and pigs according to the present invention, other grain feeds such as expanded grain 2 made of rice husk with rice husks shown in FIGS. Mix with feed made from corn, milo, soy beans, etc. to make a balanced feed for cattle and pigs.

  Preferably, as the above-mentioned other grain feed, feed derived from corn such as pressed corn and ground corn is used, and in particular, feed made from pressed corn is used to adjust the nutritional balance to obtain a feed for cows and pigs. .

<Method for producing feed for cattle and pigs according to the present invention>
Next, the manufacturing method of the feed for cows and pigs concerning the said invention is demonstrated.

  In the production, the raw rice with chaff as a raw material is treated using an extruder configured as shown below to produce the feed for beef and pigs according to the present invention.

<Extruder>
As shown in FIG. 3, the extruder 11 used in the present invention includes a screw shaft 13 inserted in a cylinder 12, and the screw shaft 13 is a disc-shaped steam between a plurality of separable unit screw shafts 13 '. The lock plate 14 is interposed and tightened together. A steam lock board 14 is also provided at the front end (left end in FIG. 3) of the screw shaft 13.

  With the above-described structure, the rice husk with rice husk, which is the raw material of the feed, is conveyed forward by the screw shaft 13 and is crushed and pulverized in the gap between the cylinder 12 and the screw shaft 13, that is, the cylinder 12 and the screw. Along with being compressed and conveyed in the gap between the shafts 13, the oil and fat or water in the raw material is vaporized due to self-heating, whereby heat treatment is performed, and at this time, the vapor is transferred between the unit screw shafts 13 '. The steam lock plate 14 disposed at the front end of the screw shaft 13 and the steam lock plate 14 disposed at the front end of the screw shaft 13 are prevented from flowing out in the transfer direction (steam is retained between the steam lock plates), so-called steam lock is performed, and the above heat treatment effect is achieved. To increase.

  The cylinder 12 is provided with a raw material inlet 15 on the rear end side (right end side in FIG. 3), and a moisture supply port 16 on the front end side of the raw material inlet 15. 3 is a thermometer provided in the upper part of the cylinder 12 in FIG. 3, and the temperature between the steam lock panels 14 can be measured and confirmed by the thermometer 21.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the front end of the cylinder 12, that is, the end face on the outlet side, is filled with a cylindrical cap 17 with a rotary cutter 18 and tightened with a bolt to close the outlet of the cylinder 12 and the reservoir chamber 19 is closed. At the same time, a gap between the cylinder 12 and the screw shaft 13 is opened in the storage chamber 19 at the outlet.

  4 and 5, a disk-shaped die 20 is provided at the center of the front end wall of the cylindrical cap 17, and one or a plurality of through holes 20a are formed concentrically in the die 20. As will be described later, the through-hole 20a serves as an outlet for compression conveyance, and the size of the feed 1 for cows and pigs can be adjusted by adjusting the size of the diameter. The degree can be adjusted. In addition, by adjusting the number and diameter of the through holes 20a, the pressure in the cylinder 12, that is, the pressure between the cylinder 12 and the screw shaft 13 and the pressure in the reservoir chamber 19 can be adjusted. To contribute.

  Further, a receiving recess 20b for receiving the pilot bearing 18b of the rotary cutter 18 is formed on the outer surface of the die 20, and the receiving recess 20b and the pilot bearing 18b are slid together, and the rotary cutter 18 is connected to the outer surface of the die 20. It is configured to rotate to face. In addition, 18a in FIG. 5 is a taper surface formed in the rotary cutter 18, and contributes to the breakage of the expander fruit 2 as will be described later.

<Manufacturing process using an extruder>
The manufacturing process by the extruder 11 of the said structure is demonstrated.

  First, the rice husk with rice husk as a raw material is introduced from the raw material inlet 15 into the cylinder 12, and the processing by the extruder 11 is started. In the heat treatment to be described later, the temperature between the steam lock panels 14 is measured by the thermometer 21, and in the case of overheating or heating failure, the raw material input amount is adjusted to perform an appropriate heat treatment. In the case of overheating, the raw material input amount is reduced, and in the case of poor heating, the raw material input amount is increased.

  Further, water is supplied into the cylinder 12 from the water supply port 16 in the form of a mist. The supplied water functions as a lubricant when the rice is compressed and conveyed by the screw shaft 13, and is vaporized by heat generated by the compression conveyance to complement the heat treatment. By adjusting the supply amount of the water, it is possible to promote the healthy expansion of the expanded fruit body 2. In the present invention, the case where the heat treatment is performed only with the moisture / oil vapor in the raw rice as a raw material without supplying water is not excluded.

  While the rice husk with rice husk put into the cylinder 12 is compressed and conveyed by the screw shaft 13 as described above, the grain and rice husk contained in the rice husk are pulverized together in a narrow gap between the cylinder 12 and the screw shaft 13. The ground pulverized product and the crushed rice husk are kneaded. In other words, the fruit and chaff are crushed together and mixed and kneaded.

  Along with the compression conveyance, self-heating of the rice husk and the crushed material of the rice husk and the vaporization of moisture (including supplied water) and oil by the self-heating are promoted. The pulverized product is heat-treated by the steam, and the steam is steam-heated between the steam lock plates 14 to more effectively heat-treat. At this time, the ground pulverized product is gelatinized to wrap the crushed rice husk.

  The crushed material of the grain and rice husk is compressed and conveyed in a state where the pressure and temperature gradually increase as it approaches the front end of the screw shaft 13, and passes through the final stage steam lock board 14 provided at the front end of the screw shaft 13. And pushed out into the storage chamber 19.

  In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, it is confirmed that appropriate heating is performed by three thermometers 21 that respectively measure the temperature of the space between the pair of adjacent steam lock boards 14. . Specifically, it is confirmed whether the temperature of the space on the rear end side is 25 to 100 ° C, the temperature of the middle space is 120 to 130 ° C, and the temperature of the space on the front end side is 150 to 170 ° C. If a temperature outside the range is measured, adjust the raw material input amount to an appropriate temperature. The number of steam lock boards 14 is not limited to the number shown in FIG.

  The ground and rice husk pulverized material thus heat-treated is stored in the storage chamber 19 from the outlet of the cylinder 12 and the screw shaft 13. The inside of the storage chamber 19 is under reduced pressure than the narrow gap between the cylinder 12 and the screw shaft 13, and the pulverized material pushed into the storage chamber 19 is preliminarily expanded by the reduced pressure.

  The pulverized material filling the reservoir chamber 19 is pressed against the die 20 provided on the front end wall of the cylindrical cap 17 through the subsequent pulverized material by the pushing force of the screw shaft 13, and the through hole 20a of the die 20 is pressed. Is discharged outward (on the outer surface side of the die 20) and completely released from compression (pressure).

  That is, the compression of the pulverized material is released at the through-hole 20a which is the outlet of the compression conveyance to promote the expansion of the pulverized product of the seed, and the expanded seed 2 containing the fiber pieces 3 which are the pulverized rice husk is formed inside. At the same time, the expanded peas 2 are made to have a porous structure by releasing the vapor in the expanded pods 2.

  Thus, immediately after the compression is released by the through-hole 20a and the expanded fruit 2 is formed, the expanded fruit 2 is broken to a desired size by the rotary cutter 18 that rotates facing the outer surface of the die 20. To do. At this time, the above-mentioned swollen fruit 2 is appropriately cut by the tapered surface 18 a formed on the rotary cutter 18.

  The degree of expansion of the expanded fruit seed 2 can be made uniform by breaking immediately after forming the expanded fruit fruit 2 as described above. Also, the size of the expanded pea 2 produced can be adjusted by changing the diameter of the through hole 20a of the die 20. In addition, although it is desirable to form the expander fruit 2 in a lump shape having a maximum width of about 15 to 35 mm, the present invention is not limited to this, and the diameter of the through-hole 20a is appropriately adjusted so that the expander has a desired size. Real 2 can be formed.

  As described above, according to the manufacturing method according to the present invention, it is possible to easily and appropriately obtain the bovine pig feed 1 in which the fiber pieces 3 which are pulverized rice husks are mixed in the expanded peas 2 having a porous structure. it can.

  Moreover, when manufacturing the feed for cows and pigs which mix | blended the above-mentioned expanded grain 2 with other grain feeds shown as other examples of the feed for cows and pigs concerning this invention, it cut | disconnects with the said rotary cutter 18. The puffed grain 2 formed in this manner is pulverized by using a pulverizer such as a Hanmark crusher, and the lightly expanded puffy seed 2 is appropriately blended with other grain feed.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Cattle pig feed, 2 ... Puffed grain, 3 ... Fiber piece, 4 ... Air gap, 11 ... Extruder, 12 ... Cylinder, 13 ... Screw shaft, 13 '... Unit screw shaft, 14 ... Steam lock board, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 15 ... Raw material injection port, 16 ... Water supply port, 17 ... Cylindrical cap, 18 ... Rotary cutter, 18a ... Tapered surface of rotary cutter, 18b ... Pilot bearing, 19 ... Reservoir chamber, 20 ... Die, 20a ... Through-hole 20b ... receiving recess, 21 ... thermometer.

Claims (6)

Using rice husk with rice husk as a raw material, the pulverized grains contained in the crushed rice expand to have a porous structure, and the fibrous pieces that are the pulverized husk of rice husk contained in the rice husk mixed with the porous structure A feed for cattle and pigs characterized by having a structure as described above.   The feed for beef and pigs according to claim 1, wherein the swollen grains made from the above rice with rice husks are blended with another grain feed.   The feed for beef and pigs according to claim 2, comprising a puffed grain made from the above-mentioned rice husk with rice husk and a feed derived from corn.   The feed for beef and pigs according to claim 3, characterized by containing puffed grain and pressed corn made from the above rice with rice husks. A method for producing a feed for cattle and pigs consisting of A to D described below.
A: Raw rice with rice husks
B: While the above-mentioned rice husk with rice husks is compressed and conveyed by an extruder, the grain of rice husk and rice husks are pulverized together and kneaded.
C: accelerating the self-heating of the pulverized product and the vaporization of the moisture of the grain of the glutinous rice due to the self-heating with the compression conveyance,
D: The compression of the pulverized material is released at the outlet of the compression conveyance to promote the expansion of the pulverized product of the seeds, thereby forming the expanded sap containing the fiber pieces as the pulverized rice husks in the interior. By releasing the vapor in the middle, the expanded bud is made porous.   Immediately after releasing the compression at the outlet of the compression conveyance and forming the expander fruit, the expander fruit is cut into a desired size by a rotating cutter that rotates to face the outer surface of the outlet. Item 6. A method for producing a feed for bovine pigs according to Item 5.