KR102451566B1 - Mulching paper for direct seeding of rice and method of direct seeding by using this mulching paper - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a mulching paper for direct seeding of rice, prepared with a slurry pulp, wherein the slurry pulp is mixed by including, based on 100 parts by weight of pure pulp: 100 parts by weight of recycled pulp; 25 parts by weight of cotton fiber; 30 parts by weight of liquid nanoclay; 7 parts by weight of a plant extract consisting of a concentrate of a hot water extract of a material selected from a group consisting of licorice, astragalus, cnidium, and Japanese raisin tree; 5 parts by weight of agar extract; 1.5 parts by weight of enzyme stevia; 1.5 parts by weight of soybean protein; 1.5 parts by weight of casein; and 1.5 parts by weight of fish meal powder. The mulching paper for direct seeding of rice of the present invention does not require perforation of the mulching paper because the germinated rice seeds by direct seeding can penetrate the mulching paper and grow, and the moisture control required for mulching paper is excellent, which is advantageous for the growth of rice seeds. The present invention relates to a mulching paper for direct seeding of rice and a method for direct seeding of rice using the same.

Description

Soil cover for direct seeding of rice and method of direct seeding using the same

The present invention relates to a soil covering for direct sowing of rice and a method for direct sowing of rice using the same.

Rice is the main food of the Korean people, and rice cultivation is an agricultural technology that forms the basis of Korean agriculture.

Traditionally, the rice cultivation method in Korea has been mainly used for seedling transplantation, in which rice seeds are grown in a pond to produce young seedlings, and then transplanted into paddy fields through a rice transplanter. As seedling transplantation cultivation requires separate seedling and transplanting operations, the cost of materials such as nails increases, as well as a large amount of labor is required.

Recently, in order to break away from this traditional seedling transplantation, research on direct rice cultivation in which rice seeds are directly sown in paddy fields without seedlings is being actively conducted. Direct-sowing of rice involves sterilizing rice seeds with an antiseptic, sprouting seeds, and then sown directly into paddy fields or coated with a growth promoter (generally silicic acid). It has been confirmed through various empirical experiments that the production cost is significantly reduced and the production yield is also excellent.

In direct sowing cultivation, fresh water cultivation is performed in which the rice is planted immediately after stopping (leveling the floor) and watering, and dry direct sowing cultivation in which the rice is planted after stopping the rice field as a field, and water is supplied after the rice has grown to some extent. As for the freshwater direct wave, a technology for sowing rice seeds using a drone has recently been developed, and the dry direct wave uses a direct sowing device (a point sowing machine) to form several troughs at regular intervals along the direction of progress, and each trough has a certain interval This is done by dropping rice seeds (usually 5 to 7) and then covering the bones.

On the other hand, methods have been tried to use the soil cover used for cultivating field crops for rice cultivation. Soil cover, also called 'mulching ground', was mainly used in field farming for the purpose of preventing soil erosion, maintaining soil moisture, controlling the temperature, controlling weeds, and preventing soil contamination, but with the development of biodegradable soil cover, There have been several attempts to use it for rice cultivation.

1 shows the operation of transplanting seedlings using a biodegradable soil cover. In 2005, the Eumseong-gun Agricultural Technology Center installed a biodegradable soil cover in a paddy field, and drilled the soil cover through a transplanter, and at the same time, it was As a result of experimenting with rice cultivation by transplanting seedlings, it was demonstrated that there is no need to spray herbicides, which is required at least twice after sowing in normal rice cultivation, thereby reducing overall production costs such as labor costs.

Since then, several direct sowing devices have been developed to use biodegradable soil cover for direct planting of rice.

Patent Publication No. 10-0894564, Patent Publication No. 10-1254020, and Patent Publication No. 10-1761745 disclose a direct sowing device combined with an installation part for laying soil covering on the ground in a branch planter, All of these direct sowing devices are equipped with a perforating means for perforating the soil covering laid on the ground, and rice is sown directly by dropping rice seeds into the perforated area. The reason for this perforation is that the germinated rice seeds cannot penetrate the soil cover and grow, so the seeds are sown in the exposed areas. This direct rice sowing device is a method in which the actual perforation tears the soil cover at regular intervals, so the perforated area is narrow and the rice seeds do not fall into the perforated area accurately, which can lead to poor sowing of rice seeds. In order to prevent this, even if the soil cover is closely adhered to the ground using the roller provided in the direct sowing device, the rice seeds may be exposed to the outside, resulting in poor growth, and moisture evaporation at the perforation site may result in reduced growth and growth. Occurs.

Korean Patent Publication No. 10-1169505 Korean Patent Publication No. 10-1169556 Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2115939 Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2169864 Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2121207 Korean Patent Publication No. 10-0894564 Korean Patent Publication No. 10-1254020 (Patent Document 0008) Korean Patent Publication No. 10-1761745

The present invention has been devised to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a soil covering for direct sowing that does not require drilling during direct sowing of rice and a method for direct sowing of rice using the same.

The present invention includes 100 parts by weight of pure pulp, 80 to 120 parts by weight of regenerated pulp, 20 to 40 parts by weight of cotton fiber, 20 to 40 parts by weight of liquid nanoclay, 5 to 12 parts by weight of plant extract, and 4 to 7 parts by weight of seaweed extract. It provides a soil cover for direct sowing of rice, characterized in that it is made from the blended slurry pulp.

In one embodiment, the soil covering material may further include 2 to 12 parts by weight of a nutrient, and the nutrient may be any one or more selected from enzyme stevia, soy protein, casein, and fish meal. In one embodiment, the nutritional substance may be composed of 0.5 to 3 parts by weight of enzyme stevia, 0.5 to 3 parts by weight of soy protein, 0.5 to 3 parts by weight of casein, 0.5 to 3 parts by weight of fish meal, based on 100 parts by weight of pure pulp. .

In one aspect, the plant extract may be selected from licorice, astragalus, cheongung, and Heotgae tree.

In one embodiment, the seaweed extract may be selected from agar agar, stone agar, kelp, seaweed, and agar.

On the other hand, the present invention a) 20 to 40 parts by weight of liquid nanoclay is dissolved in water, and then 5 to 12 parts by weight of plant extract and 2 to 12 parts by weight of nutrients are added and mixed to impregnate the plant extract and nutrients into liquid nanoclay. making; and b) 100 parts by weight of pure pulp, 80 to 120 parts by weight of regenerated pulp, 20 to 40 parts by weight of cotton fiber, 4 to 7 parts by weight of seaweed extract, and 20 to 40 parts by weight of the impregnated liquid nanoclay to prepare slurry pulp. Next, it provides a method for manufacturing a soil covering for direct sowing of rice, characterized in that it is manufactured.

On the other hand, the present invention comprises the steps of: a) stopping the rice plantation; b) treating the stopped rice plantation with herbicides; c) sowing rice seeds in the rice plantation; and d) installing the soil cover prepared according to any one of claims 1 to 7 on top of the sown rice seeds and adhering them to each other.

The soil cover for direct sowing of rice of the present invention does not require perforation of the soil cover because the germinated rice seeds can penetrate the soil cover and grow during direct sowing, and the moisture control required for the soil cover is excellent, so it is important for the growth of rice seeds. It is advantageous.

1 shows the operation of transplanting seedlings using a biodegradable soil cover.
2 is a photograph showing the process (laying) of covering the rice paddy with the soil cover of the present invention at the same time as sowing rice seeds.
Figure 3 is a photograph showing the state of the paddy field laid with the soil cover of the present invention.
Figure 4 is a photograph showing the growth of rice seed through the soil cover 15 days after direct sowing using the soil cover of the present invention.
5 is a photograph showing rice grown through the soil cover after 45 days of direct sowing using the soil cover of the present invention.

An object of the present invention is to provide a soil cover capable of growing rice seeds without the need for a drilling process unlike in the prior art in direct sowing cultivation of rice, and a direct sowing method using the same.

The present inventor is a producer of biodegradable soil coverings, and conventionally produced a soil covering using a method of coating a functional material on the parent material to prepare a paper material, but this coated soil covering is breathable. As a result, it is difficult to maintain proper moisture and increases the carbon dioxide content, which adversely affects the activity of microorganisms in the soil and the normal structure formation of the soil, thereby inhibiting the growth of crops.

The inventor of the present invention confirmed that the general physical properties such as air permeability and moisture control were excellent as a result of manufacturing the soil covering material through the mixing method with the base material rather than the coating method on the base material in the prior art. and 10-2021-0050978.

In addition, the present inventors confirmed that, when applying the soil cover composed of specific components to direct-sowing cultivation of rice, the germinated rice seed penetrates the soil cover and grows normally just by covering the soil cover without perforation after sowing the rice seeds.

The soil covering material for direct sowing of rice of the present invention is 100 parts by weight of pure pulp, 80 to 120 parts by weight of regenerated pulp, 20 to 40 parts by weight of cotton fiber, 20 to 40 parts by weight of liquid nanoclay, 5 to 12 parts by weight of plant extract, 4 parts by weight of seaweed extract It is prepared by papermaking it to make a slurry pulp comprising from 7 to 7 parts by weight.

In the present invention, pulp is wood pulp, which is an aggregate of cellulose fibers obtained from wood by a mechanical, chemical or intermediate method, and pure pulp refers to pulp that is first separated from wood, that is, not regenerated pulp. The pure pulp may be variously selected, but kraft pulp may be preferably selected. Kraft pulp can be made from most wood, and in the case of softwoods, the length of fibers is long, so the tearing strength is higher than that of hardwoods. In the case of soil cover, the pulp of coniferous species is more preferable because it is easy to achieve the weeding function when the tear strength is secured to a certain extent.

In the present invention, recycled pulp means pulp obtained from waste paper. In general, recycled pulp goes through a deinking process, which is a process for removing ink, and fiber breakage occurring in the deinking process of waste paper may cause a decrease in the strength of the manufactured recycled paper. The strength of regenerated paper depends on the strength of the fiber itself and the bond between the fibers. The strength of the fiber itself does not change as it is regenerated. decreases. In particular, when the number of regenerations is increased, tensile strength, density, elongation, tear resistance, and rupture strength decrease, and tensile strength and stiffness increase.

In the present invention, based on 100 parts by weight of pure pulp, 80 to 120 parts by weight of recycled pulp are used. If too much recycled pulp is used, the problem of bonding strength between fibers may increase. The use of regenerated pulp is to consider the economic feasibility when used for the purpose of soil covering as well as environmental considerations, and also to enable the decomposition of soil covering at an appropriate time. It was found that when the amounts of pure pulp and recycled pulp were used in a similar range, it was found to exhibit desirable physical properties for use in soil covering.

The slurry pulp of the present invention comprises cotton fibers. The cotton fiber of the present invention may be a recycled cotton fabric or a waste cotton in terms of cost, and it is preferable to use a cotton fiber cut to about 2 to 3 cm. In the present invention, 20 to 40 parts by weight of cotton fibers are used based on 100 parts by weight of pure pulp, which is a relatively small amount.

The cotton fiber is required for the pulp and functional materials used in the manufacture of soil covering material to adhere well to each other compatible with each other and to maintain stable strength. Cotton fibers have a lot of hydroxyl groups, so they swell well by water, occupies an appropriate position between the pulps, and helps to bond between fibers. In addition, it has superior abrasion strength than pulp, so it is strong and has chemical resistance, so these characteristics can be maintained during the papermaking process. Furthermore, since the strength of the soil covering is not weakened but rather increased even in the process of being exposed to moisture in the course of actual use, it has a feature that is very helpful in reinforcing the intellectual strength of the soil covering. On the other hand, in the case of use in the form of cut cotton fibers as in the present invention, since the dispersibility is not bad, it can be reduced by controlling the amount used, and about 20 to 30 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of pure pulp is not bad. When too little cotton fiber is used, it is insufficient to achieve the above function. Of course, if too much is used, the strength is too strong and the decomposition time of the soil cover may be too late, so it is necessary to use it in an appropriate range.

The use of cotton fibers in the present invention also makes pleating easier. Wrinkling is to reinforce the flexibility and elasticity of the soil cover. The elasticity of the soil cover becomes a great advantage in the installation process at the site where the soil cover is used, and in the process of changing the external environment itself and the external environment. In the case of wrinkling, cotton fibers are wrinkled while the position of hydrogen bonds is changed, so that the workability is improved.

The slurry pulp of the present invention includes liquid nanoclay. The liquid nanoclay of the present invention not only increases the compatibility between the materials to be blended, but also allows the added functional materials to be stably impregnated (supported), and decomposed at an appropriate time with appropriate strength. The raw material of the nanoclay used in the present invention is natural bentonite, hectorite, etc., which has excellent water-swellability, and is a layered clay of the smectite group. Smectite-based clays have high cation exchange capacity and interlayer swelling properties in solvents compared to other types of clays, so that functional materials are impregnated by swelling. Various methods of forming nanoclay have been developed. After the clay is hydrated, a peptizer is used to form a house of cards structure of the clay. At this time, the inter-particle spacing reaches several hundred nanometers, and the It has thixotropy that can be changed into gel and gel, the range of insertable materials can be widened, storage stability is very good, and the process is reduced and it exists in an aqueous state. The card house structure refers to a shape in which clays are arranged to continuously form rectangular grids, and refers to a structure in which a certain material can be put in a space between the grids. This step can be referred to as an annealing step of the formation of a card zip structure of the clay by the annealing agent and the exfoliation of the clay through hydration and cation exchange of the water-swellable clay. Various technologies have been developed and commercialized for liquid nanoclay having sufficient interlayer structure. In a state in which nanoclay, surfactant, annealing agent, and water are mixed, water occupies the largest portion, and nanoclay accounts for about 5 to 15% by weight. Commercialized products show a range of 85% by weight of water and 10% by weight of nanoclay, and in the present invention, a liquid in which the interlayer structure of nanoclay in this range is activated is called liquid nanoclay.

Liquid nanoclay plays a role in impregnating plant extracts or other functional substances to be added later. Liquid nanoclay also has a good effect on the uniformity of the mulching paper because it is mixed with various mixtures in the manufacturing process of the mulching paper and dispersed evenly. In addition, the liquid nanoclay can serve to provide initial strength in a papermaking process such as a process of compression dehydration with a press and a drying process, so that the papermaking process can be more simplified. The content of liquid nanoclay may be appropriately selected in consideration of the plant extract used, etc., and the strength as mulching paper. If the amount of liquid nanoclay used is too small, it is insufficient to achieve the above-mentioned role. Rather than acting as a tint, the nature of the bond between nanoclays becomes stronger, which may delay decomposition.

In the present invention, the plant extract uses extracts of herbal medicines, such as licorice, astragalus, cheongung, and Heotgae tree. The extraction is performed using a solvent, and extraction is performed using hot water extraction or a low-cost alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. However, in the conventional invention, a very large amount of water was used because it also served as a solvent for the liquid coating solution. After drying under reduced pressure to blow off all the ethanol, it is possible to obtain a solid concentrated material of about 10% of the weight of oriental medicine, and when used, add water to dilute it for use), extract it with hot water, filter it, , dried under reduced pressure and concentrated to about 10 times the weight of the original herbal medicine (in the present invention, plant extract means this). This plant extract plays a role in helping the physiological activity of crops. Licorice is a medicinal plant and its root is sweet, so it is used as a sweetener and herbal medicine. This extract of licorice is well soluble in water, and the sweetness is about 200 times that of sugar, and it is stable to heat. Licorice extract is concentrated by extracting the roots and stems of licorice or plants and animals, and the main component of sweetness is glycyrrhizic acid, a white or colorless crystalline powder. Astragalus is cultivated as a medicinal herb. In oriental medicine, Astragalus is harvested in autumn to remove outcrops and fine roots and dried in sunlight. , uterine prolapse, visceral effusion, cold sweat, and peripheral nerves are known to be prescribed. In the case of cheongung, it is a perennial herb belonging to the buttercup family, and has been used as a herbal medicine for a long time and has proven its safety in the human body. In oriental medicine, rhizomes are effective in soothing, analgesic, and tonicity, so they are used for headaches, anemia, and gynecological diseases. Many studies have been reported in the case of spruce. There are many studies proving the alcohol-decomposing ability and liver detoxification action of leaves and fruit diseases, and it is confirmed that there are various components with antibacterial activity among the extracts. The above-mentioned herbal medicines use stems, roots, fruits or leaves, preferably, it is convenient to use partially processed herbal medicines.

In the present invention, the slurry pulp may contain a nutrient supply material. The nutrient substance is a known substance that can be used for cultivation of crops. In one embodiment, the nutrient supply material may use the enzyme stevia, the enzyme stevia is commercially available in the form of a concentrate and a powder. As a protein source, soybean protein obtained by separating and purifying proteins after removing lipids from soybeans may also be used, and other casein, fishmeal powder, and the like may also be used.

In the case of liquid nanoclay, the nanoclay is dispersed in water, and the interlayer structure of the nanoclay can be impregnated with materials. Mix liquid nanoclay with plant extract, mix enzyme stevia, soybean protein, casein, and fishmeal powder, and mix thoroughly so that each component is impregnated with nanoclay and dispersed evenly. The dispersed material is mixed with the pulp in the papermaking process.

In the present invention, the slurry pulp contains seaweed extract. The seaweed extract may be in the form of a jelly or solid content extracted from seaweed. In one embodiment, the seaweed extract may be extracted from agar agar, stone agar, kelp, seaweed, and the like. Although not limited, the seaweed extract may be in the form of a jelly or solid content extracted by processing agar agar. Since agar agar occupies a significant portion in the processing of seaweed, the seaweed component in the present invention refers to agar, which is a processed form of agar agar, but may include equivalents, so it is expressed as seaweed. On the other hand, this type of agar is also called agar, and the main components are agarose, which is a neutral polysaccharide, and agaropectin, which is an acidic polysaccharide. The reason for adding such a seaweed component in the present invention is to slow the decomposition by microorganisms. In the case of eco-friendly, biodegradable mulching paper, the problem of decomposition by microorganisms in addition to physical and chemical strength must be solved. When the seaweed component is dispersed and mixed in the mulching paper, it becomes very stable against decomposition by microorganisms. Of course, when the physical and chemical decomposition begins, the decomposition by microorganisms is further promoted, resulting in overall decomposition. When the amount of the seaweed extract is too small, it is difficult to achieve the above function, and when the amount of the seaweed extract is too large, a problem of slow decomposition after the initial stage may occur.

The soil cover for direct sowing of rice according to the present invention has the advantage that no drilling is required for sowing of rice seeds.

In the conventional direct sowing method using soil cover, the soil cover is pre-installed in a rice plantation such as a paddy field, then the soil cover is drilled and rice seeds are sown in the perforated area, whereas the direct sowing method according to the present invention is a method of planting rice in a rice plantation area. Since the soil cover is laid after sowing, the work order can be said to be opposite to each other.

Example 1: Preparation of soil covering for direct sowing

Licorice, Astragalus, chrysanthemum, and Heotgae tree were extracted with hot water for 12 hours using about 20 times the amount of water, filtered, and then concentrated by heating under reduced pressure to prepare a plant extract.

Enzyme Stevia, soy protein, casein, and fish meal powder are mixed in the same weight ratio to prepare a nutritional substance.

Prepare seaweed extract by dissolving agar made from agar agar.

With respect to the total weight of the soil covering material excluding water, 30 parts by weight of liquid nanoclay is put in water and stirred until it becomes a gel state, and then 7 parts by weight of the prepared plant extract and 6 parts by weight of nutrients are added and mixed. A liquid nanoclay impregnated with a functional material is prepared.

100 parts by weight of pure pulp, 100 parts by weight of regenerated pulp, 25 parts by weight of cotton fiber, 30 parts by weight of liquid nanoclay, 7 parts by weight of seaweed extract ( Agar agar) 5 parts by weight and nutrients (enzyme stevia, soy protein, casein, fish meal powder) 6 parts by weight to prepare a slurry pulp.

After spraying the prepared slurry pulp on the wire over the entire width of the paper machine through the headbox, drainage, dehydration and drying are performed to prepare the soil covering material of the present invention.

Example 2: Direct sowing method

The empirical test of the soil cover of the present invention was conducted for rice fields in Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do.

The rice seeds were soaked in brine and brine, then sterilized by immersion in a disinfectant, and then dried to select seeds.

The selected rice seeds were mixed with a commercially available rice seed silicic acid coating agent (silicic acid powder + binder) to prepare rice seeds for sowing.

After the rotary tillage was stopped, the paddy fields were treated with herbicides.

Then, the rice seeds and fertilization were respectively put in the point sowing machine, and direct sowing was performed, and the rice growth was observed.

2 is a photograph showing the process (laying) of the rice paddy covering with the soil cover of the present invention at the same time as sowing rice seeds, and FIG. 3 is a photograph showing the state of the rice paddy laid with the soil cover of the present invention.

4 is a photograph showing the growth of rice seed through the soil cover after 15 days of direct sowing using the soil cover of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a photograph showing the state of rice grown through the soil cover after 45 days of direct sowing. to be.

As described above, in the soil cover of the present invention, it can be confirmed that rice grows effectively just by sowing rice seeds without a separate drilling.

It can be seen that effective direct sowing of the soil cover is possible even with the existing point sowing machine without the conventional direct sowing device for the soil cover.

Claims (8)

Based on 100 parts by weight of pure pulp, 100 parts by weight of regenerated pulp, 25 parts by weight of cotton fiber, 30 parts by weight of liquid nanoclay, and plant extract (licorice, Astragalus, chrysanthemum, It consists of a concentrate of a hot water extract of a material selected from the group consisting of ) 7 parts by weight, 5 parts by weight of agar agar extract, 1.5 parts by weight of enzyme stevia, 1.5 parts by weight of soybean protein, 1.5 parts by weight of casein, 1.5 parts by weight of fish meal powder, characterized in that it is made from a blended slurry pulp. Soil cover welfare.
delete delete delete delete delete delete a) stopping the rice cultivation;
b) treating the stopped rice plantations with herbicides;
c) sowing rice seeds in the rice plantation; and
d) characterized in that it comprises the step of laying the soil cover prepared according to the above 1 on top of the sown rice seeds and adhering them to each other,
Rice direct sowing method.

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