KR102376095B1 - White spotted flower larva larvae feed composition using coffee foil and method for manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a larvae feed composition and a method for preparing the same, which can increase the weight gain and survival rate of larvae of daisy by mixing coffee gourd with oak sawdust and fermenting it with shiitake fungus.
The white-spotted flower radish larva feed composition of the present invention is characterized in that 40 to 60% by weight of coffee meal and 60 to 40% by weight of oak sawdust are mixed, and fermented with Shiitake Mushroom bacteria.

Description

White spotted flower larva larvae feed composition using coffee foil and method for manufacturing the same

The present invention relates to a larvae feed composition and a method for producing the same, which can increase the weight gain and survival rate of larvae of daisy by mixing coffee gourd with oak sawdust and fermenting it with shiitake fungus.

White-spotted flower radish (Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis) belongs to the coleoptera family, scarabaceae, which are called “manufacturing” or “slug” in traditional oriental medicine books such as folk and Donguibogam, and have a body length of 17~22㎜, It is a herbivorous insect with a width of 12-15 mm. The body is dark copper-colored, glossy, and yellowish-white patterns are scattered. It inhabits Korea, China, Japan, and eastern Siberia, and is known to occur once every 1-2 years from April to October.

White-spotted flower radish belongs to insects that undergo complete metamorphosis, where an adult lays eggs, hatches, passes through the first to third instars, passes through the final instar, becomes a pupa, and after pupa, becomes an adult. The development period from 1st to 3rd instar takes about 4-5 months. The most important influence on the growth rate of young larvae is the breeding environment, and there are factors such as temperature, food, and humidity. 1st instar grows until around 10 days elapses and molts to become 2nd instar larva. The body gradually enlarges and enlarges, and after about 20 days, it molts again and this becomes a 3rd instar larva. 3rd instar larvae eat hard for about 3 to 4 months, grow and begin to become larvae, preparing to pupate. The species can be distinguished by the hair color of the larvae of the 3 instars, and the one that has changed to golden color is the Jongyeong.

White-spotted flower radish overwinters as mature larvae of 3 instars, and adults are active during the daytime and feed on mature fruits such as peaches and pears, or juices of corn and oak trees, and are always gregarious. In addition, their larvae live in humus soil rich in organic matter such as compost or haystacks.

White-spotted flower radish has been used as a herbal medicine for the treatment of liver diseases since a long time ago. In addition, it has recently attracted great attention as an insect resource for the search and development of useful bioactive substances, and the production of antibiotics, the restoration of liver lipid metabolism damaged by excessive alcohol consumption in experiments using mice, etc. This is known, and its usefulness has been confirmed, such as a study on thrombolytic enzymes and a hepatoprotective effect on hepatotoxicity induced by the administration of carbon tetrachloride in rats.

On the other hand, as attention has been focused on the medicinal properties of white-spotted flower radish, many people are trying to collect a large amount of white-spotted flower radish, but there are many difficulties in collecting wild radish. Although the larvae of the white-spotted beetle mainly inhabit the roofs of thatched houses, they are becoming extinct due to environmental pollution caused by roof improvement projects in rural houses and the abuse of pesticides. Accordingly, although interest in artificial breeding methods of white-spotted flowers is gradually increasing, systematic research is still lacking to mass-produce white-spotted flowers. It is difficult to effectively use it as a resource.

Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-0398862 (Registration Date: 2003.09.05.) Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-1623744 (Registration Date: 2016.05.18)

The present invention has been devised to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to mix coffee gourd with oak sawdust and ferment it with shiitake fungus to increase the weight gain and survival rate of white spot larvae. An object of the present invention is to provide a larvae feed composition and a method for manufacturing the same.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a larvae feed composition and a method for producing the same, which can increase the weight gain and survival rate of the larvae of the larvae of the larvae of the larvae of the larvae of the White-spotted plant by mixing coffee gourd with oak sawdust.

The white-spotted flower radish larva feed composition of the present invention is characterized in that 40 to 60% by weight of coffee meal and 60 to 40% by weight of oak sawdust are mixed, and fermented with Shiitake Mushroom bacteria.

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In addition, the manufacturing method of the white spot flower radish larva feed composition of the present invention is characterized in that 40 to 60% by weight of coffee meal and 60 to 40% by weight of oak sawdust are mixed, and fermented at room temperature with shiitake fungus.

In addition, the manufacturing method of the larvae feed composition of the present invention consists of mixing 20 to 80% by weight of coffee meal and 80 to 20% by weight of oak sawdust and fermenting it with Shiitake Mushroom bacteria. characterized.

The larvae feed composition according to the present invention, when coffee meal is used, has a high value as an alternative feed that can increase the weight gain and survival rate of larvae of lichen larvae compared to the previously used oak sawdust single feeding conditions. There is this.

In addition, since discarded coffee is used, there is an effect that can be economically and inexpensively to prepare a white spot flower larvae feed composition than using oak sawdust.

1 is a graph showing the change in the weight gain of white-spotted larvae according to the addition ratio of oak sawdust and coffee gourd.
2 is a graph showing the change in the fermentation temperature of the mixed feed (oak sawdust 60%: coffee meal 40%) according to the fermenting strain.
Figure 3 is a graph showing the change in the weight gain of the larvae of the larvae of mixed feed (oak sawdust 60%: coffee meal 40%) according to the fermented strain.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The larvae feed composition according to the present invention includes coffee gourd as an active ingredient. In particular, it is preferable that 20 to 80% by weight of coffee gourd and 80 to 20% by weight of oak sawdust are mixed, and fermented with EM (Effective Microorganisms) or Shiitake Mushroom bacteria.

As shown in [Table 1], the coffee meal of the present invention has a high content of crude protein and crude fat in the nutritional component as an insect food source, so it is very excellent compared to rice straw, oak sawdust, and rice husk, which are used as feed for the larvae of the present invention. It can be confirmed that it has a food source property.

Nutrients of oak and coffee gourd before fermentation division Crude protein (%) Crude Fat (%) Crude Fiber (%) Views (%) coffee gourd 10.35 28.50 30.77 0.13 rice straw 5.13 1.02 40.10 8.99 oak sawdust 1.54 0.64 56.58 1.18 chaff 1.70 1.20 51.71 12.46

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail through experimental examples.

<Experimental Example 1. Experiment on the weight gain and survival rate of white spot larvae according to the mixed feed of oak sawdust and coffee gourd>

<Preparation and feeding of feed composition>

Oak sawdust and coffee gourd were fermented with EM (useful microorganism) at 25° C. for 30 days, and each feed composition was prepared by mixing as shown in [Table 2].

division kind of oak coffee gourd

mixing rate
(weight%) 100% 0% 80% 20% 60% 40% 40% 60% 20% 80% 0% 100%

<Checking the weight gain of the white-spotted flower larvae>

After fermentation was completed, the feed composition of oak sawdust and coffee gourd mixed in the ratio of [Table 2] was fed to 1st instar larvae of White-spotted larva as a food source for 5 weeks, and the weight gain of larvae of White-spotted daisy was measured and plotted. 1 is shown in the graph.

As shown in the graph of FIG. 1 , it was confirmed that the white spot larvae were excellent in weight gain under the feeding condition in which 20% to 80% of coffee meal was mixed, compared to the single feeding condition of oak fermented sawdust. In particular, from one week after feeding, in the case of the 20% and 40% mixed feeding condition, compared to the single feeding condition of oak sawdust, it was confirmed that the amount of weight increased rapidly, and it was confirmed that the weight gain rate was up to 200% or more. .

However, growth was slowed under the single feeding condition with 100% coffee gourd, and it was confirmed that the live weight was similar to that of the single feeding condition of oak, which is judged to be more advantageous with the addition of existing oak sawdust than with coffee meal alone.

<Confirmation of survival rate of white spot larvae>

After fermentation was completed, the feed composition of oak sawdust and coffee gourd mixed in the ratio of [Table 2] was fed to 1st instar larvae of White-spotted radish as a food source for 5 weeks, and the survival rate of White-spotted larvae was investigated. Table 3].

division 1 week 2nd week 3 weeks 4 weeks 5 weeks Oak sawdust: Coffee gourd 100%: 0% 100% 90% 90% 70% 70% Oak sawdust: Coffee gourd 800%: 20% 80% 80% 70% 70% 70% Oak sawdust: Coffee gourd 60%: 40% 100% 90% 90% 90% 90% Oak sawdust: coffee gourd 40%: 60% 100% 100% 70% 70% 70% Oak sawdust: Coffee gourd 20%: 80% 100% 90% 60% 60% 60% Oak sawdust: Coffee gourd 0%: 100% 100% 100% 60% 60% 60%

As shown in [Table 3], it was confirmed that the survival rate of the white spot larvae was lower in the feeding condition in which more than 80% of coffee meal was mixed with oak sawdust compared to the single feeding condition of oak sawdust. The highest survival rate was confirmed in the mixed feeding condition of 40% night.

As a result, it could be confirmed that the larvae of the white-spotted flower radish had excellent results not only in the survival rate but also in the weight gain under the feeding conditions of 60% oak sawdust: 40% coffee meal.

<Experimental Example 2. Experiment on the weight gain and survival rate of white spot larvae according to the mixed feed feeding according to the conditions of the fermented strain>

<Fermentation conditions of oak sawdust and coffee meal mixed feed according to fermentation strain conditions>

Oak sawdust 60%: Mixed feed with EM (Effective Microorganisms) and Shiitake Mushroom, which are the most used as a fermenting agent in farms, and Shiitake Mushroom, also known as wood decay fungus, in a 40% coffee meal mixed feed (oak wood) Sawdust+coffee meal) 20Kg standard 2L each was inoculated and fermentation was carried out at 25℃ room temperature condition, and the fermentation temperature was measured once every 2 days using a soil thermometer and is shown in the graph of FIG. 2 . And, it was fermented using distilled water as a control.

As shown in FIG. 2 , in the case of the control using distilled water, the fermentation temperature did not change rapidly, and the period to reach the maximum fermentation temperature was 14 days, and the maximum temperature was 46°C. In addition, in the case of EM bacteria, the period to reach the maximum fermentation temperature was the longest at 18 days, and the maximum temperature was the highest at 56℃. And, in the case of shiitake mushroom, the period to reach the maximum fermentation temperature was the shortest at 12 days, and the maximum temperature was recorded at 50°C.

Accordingly, it can be confirmed that the shiitake mushroom has stable fermentation conditions with the shortest fermentation period and maximum fermentation temperature of 50°C, and it was confirmed that the fastest stabilization is achieved even after fermentation. However, in the case of EM bacteria, the decomposition of oak sawdust, tannins, and lignin of coffee meal is not performed well. As the length of time increases, the management burden of insect breeding farms is expected to play a role.

<Preparation of mixed feed composition according to fermenting strain conditions>

60% oak sawdust: 40% coffee meal mixed feed was fermented for 30 days at 25°C with EM bacteria and shiitake mushrooms, respectively. The fermented mixed feed was fed to 1st instar larvae of White-spotted flower radish as a food source for 20 days.

<Confirmation of weight gain of white-spotted flower larvae according to fermenting strain conditions>

Each mixed feed fermented with EM bacteria and shiitake mushroom was fed to 1st instar larvae of White-spotted radish as a food source for 20 days, and the weight gain of the larvae of White-spotted daisy was measured and shown in the graph of FIG. 3 . And, as a control, the weight gain of the larvae fed the fermented oak sawdust feed was measured and shown together in FIG. 3 .

As shown in FIG. 3, in the case of white spot larvae fed with mixed feed fermented with EM bacteria and shiitake mushroom, respectively, after 10 days, the amount of weight gain increased rapidly compared to the control group fed with fermented oak sawdust. As the feeding continued, it was confirmed that there was a difference in the weight gain according to the fermentation conditions of EM bacteria and shiitake mushroom.

In particular, it can be seen that the larvae fed with shiitake mushroom fermented mixed feed had an increase of 130% or more compared to the larvae of the larvae fed the mixed feed fermented by EM bacteria at the time of the 20th day of feeding. there was.

<Confirmation of survival rate of white spot larvae according to fermenting strain conditions>

Each mixed feed fermented with EM bacteria and shiitake mushroom was fed to 1st instar larvae of white-spotted radish as a food source for 5 weeks. [Table 4] shows the survival rate of larvae fed with fermented oak sawdust as a control.

division 1 week 2 weeks 3 weeks 4 weeks 5 weeks Oak Sawdust (100%) 100% 90% 90% 70% 70% Oak sawdust: coffee gourd
60% : 40% EM bacteria 100% 97% 97% 90% 90% Shiitake mushroom 100% 100% 100% 97% 97%

As shown in [Table 4], the survival rate of white-spotted flower larvae rapidly decreased from 2 weeks after the condition of single feeding of oak sawdust, and showed a survival rate of 70% at 5 weeks, whereas oak sawdust:coffee meal (60%) :40%) In the case of the mixed feed, a survival rate of more than 90% was confirmed even at 5 weeks.

In particular, in the case of the mixed feed fermented with shiitake mushroom, the larvae of white spot flower showed a survival rate of 97%, indicating that it was more stable than the mixed feed fermented with EM bacteria in terms of stability as food.

<Experimental Example 3. Analysis of components of oak sawdust fermented with shiitake mushroom and coffee gourd>

<Nutrition analysis>

To establish the self-quality standards for feed raw materials for the larvae of white spot larvae, nutrient composition analysis was performed on fermented oak sawdust fermented with shiitake mushroom and fermented coffee meal, and it is shown in [Table 5]. (Unit: %)

division Fermented fermented sawdust fermented coffee gourd crude protein 8.87 12.05 george 0.54 13.05 crude fiber 15.95 21.14 views 3.12 1.12

As shown in [Table 5], as a result of analyzing the nutritional components to secure the self-quality standards of the larvae feed, it was confirmed that coffee gourd fermented with shiitake mushroom showed a high level of crude protein.

In general, crude protein component is one of the very important nutritional components for increasing the live weight of larvae, and when the protein component is insufficient, the growth of larvae is inhibited. As it can be confirmed, it is judged that there will be no problem in use if the composition is made in the form of fermented coffee meal and mixed feed to supplement the protein content.

In addition, when comparing the contents of crude fat, crude fiber, and crude flour, fermented coffee gourd shows a very good content, so it can be said that it has a high value as an alternative feed.

<Analysis of amino acids>

Amino acids can be classified into two types: essential amino acids and non-essential amino acids. Non-essential amino acids are divided into essential amino acids (9 types), non-essential amino acids, non-essential amino acids (5 types), and conditionally essential amino acids (6 types).

Essential amino acids are amino acids that must be obtained directly through food. Among non-essential amino acids, non-essential amino acids are those that can be easily synthesized in the body, and conditionally essential amino acids can be synthesized in the body when the body is in a normal state, but cannot be synthesized in the body in an abnormal state.

Amino acids needed by the body can generally be synthesized from other amino acids. However, essential amino acids have to go through very complicated steps to synthesize in the body, so they must be ingested with food.

There are eight essential amino acids: valine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, threonine, lysine, phenylalanine, and tryptophan. In children, histidine and arginine are additionally included as essential amino acids in the eight above. The essential amino acids methionine, threonine, valine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylanine, histidine, and lysine are essential for maintaining the body's balance and growth.

It was confirmed that the difference in larval growth and nutritional composition occurred depending on the type of food source of White-spotted daisy. Accordingly, the amino acid content of oak sawdust and coffee gourd fermented with shiitake mushroom was investigated and shown in [Table 6]. (Unit: mg/100g)

division Oak Fermented Sawdust fermented coffee gourd aspartic acid 89.1 390.5 threonine 52.0 138.2 serine 65.8 103.9 glutamic acid 115.7 840.4 proline 62.5 226.5 glycine 57.9 291.5 alanine 63.1 250.6 valine 29.7 260.1 methionine 0.0 40.6 isoleucine 16.3 190.2 leucine 65.0 442.2 tyrosine 0.0 102.5 phenylalanine 35.4 248.4 Lee Sin 48.0 96.0 histidine 21.7 78.3 Arginine 28.7 47.6

As shown in [Table 6], the amino acid content was higher in fermented coffee gourd than in fermented oak sawdust, and in particular, it is a kind of α-amino acid containing sulfur and is one of essential amino acids for humans. It is contained in protein and has L-methionine in its natural state. In vivo, it reacts with ATP to become δ-adenosylmethionine, which is involved in the methyltransfer reaction. Methionine and α-amino-ρ-hydroxyhydrocinnamic acid. In the case of tyrosine, an aromatic amino acid having

In addition, in the case of coffee gourd specifically fermented with shiitake mushroom, a very high amino acid content was confirmed, which is judged to have a very high potential in terms of nutrition as an alternative food source for white-spotted larvae.

<Fatty Acid Analysis>

Fatty acids are an important energy source for animals because they release a large amount of ATP through metabolic processes. In particular, fatty acids in the blood are called free fatty acids, which are contained in the blood as fatty acids by decomposition of triglycerides stored in fat cells. Fatty acids are largely classified according to the carbon bond type. Fatty acids with double bonds in the chain are called unsaturated fatty acids. Conversely, fatty acids without double bonds are called saturated fatty acids.

[Table 7] shows the fatty acid content of fermented oak fermented sawdust and fermented coffee gourd fermented with shiitake mushrooms. (Unit: %)

division Oak Fermented Sawdust fermented coffee gourd

saturation
fatty acid myristic acid 0.9 0.2 palmitic acid 14.8 16.8 stearic acid 8.6 5.9 arachidic acid 0.9 2.6 behenic acid 4.5 1.0 lignoceric acid 10.7 0.7
unsaturated
fatty acid palitoleic acid 0.7 0.2 oleic acid 29.7 21.8 linoleic acid 25.8 33.9 inolenic acid 1.6 11.4 Gadoleic acid 1.0 0.6

As shown in [Table 7], when comparing the fatty acid composition of each fermented oak sawdust fermented with shiitake mushroom and fermented coffee meal, the fermented coffee meal compared to oak fermented sawdust contains saturated fatty acids such as olive oil, palm oil, body fat, and wax The content of palmitic acid, which is commonly found in As a result, oleic acid, which plays a role in lowering blood pressure, was found to be the most distributed. It is judged that coffee gourd fermented with shiitake mushroom is excellent nutritionally as an alternative food source for white-spotted larvae.

<Heavy metal component analysis>

[Table 8] shows the components of oak sawdust fermented with shiitake mushroom and heavy metals from coffee gourd in order to confirm the value as feed for the larvae of White-spotted flower larvae. (Unit: ug/100g)

division Oak Fermented Sawdust fermented coffee gourd Mercury non-detection non-detection I 31.0 21.2 cadmium 2.3 0.2 arsenic non-detection non-detection

As shown in [Table 8], heavy metals below the standard were detected in both fermented oak fermented sawdust and fermented coffee gourd fermented with shiitake bacteria, thereby ensuring stability as feed.

The above description is illustrative of the present invention, and the embodiments published in the specification are for explanation rather than limiting the technical idea of the present invention, so those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains Various modifications and variations will be possible without departing from the technical idea of Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is to be interpreted by the matters described in the claims, and technical matters within the scope equivalent thereto should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

40 to 60% by weight of coffee gourd and 60 to 40% by weight of oak sawdust are mixed and fermented with Shiitake Mushroom bacteria.
delete delete delete delete 40 to 60% by weight of coffee gourd and 60 to 40% by weight of oak sawdust are mixed and fermented at room temperature with shiitake mushroom.

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