KR102368636B1 - Movable high temperature incineretor - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention forms a multi-layered air curtain on the blower pipe for introducing outside air as a heat source, but forms air jets in the tornado direction at the upper and lower ends of the blower pipe so that the air is distributed evenly inside the combustion chamber, thereby maximizing the combustion efficiency of incineration waste. It relates to a portable high-temperature pyrolysis incinerator capable of
The present invention provides a combustion unit comprising: an exterior case having a caster mounted on the bottom surface to be movable; A blower pipe having S-holes formed on the upper and lower sides of the air spray hole, which is penetrated at regular intervals in the vertical direction to form a multi-layered air curtain, and a lid that shields the upper part of the blower pipe. Is configured, the blower installed upright in the center of the combustion unit; an opening and shutting unit installed at the upper end of the combustion unit to open and close the combustion unit, and having a combustion discharge port formed in the central portion; And it provides a portable high-temperature pyrolysis incinerator comprising a blower for introducing the outside air into the blower, and a blower control panel comprising a controller for controlling the intensity of the wind introduced into the blower.

Description

Movable high temperature pyrolysis incinerator

The present invention relates to an incinerator for incinerating various wastes, such as general waste and industrial waste, especially plastic products, by high-temperature pyrolysis. It relates to a mobile high-temperature pyrolysis incinerator capable of improving combustion efficiency by forming a double structure.

The type of waste treatment can be roughly divided into two types: supply-oriented treatment and demand-oriented treatment. There are two types of supply-oriented treatment: landfill treatment and incineration treatment. As landfill treatment is the final treatment method for waste, waste treatment in Korea has mainly relied on this landfill method. However, secondary soil contamination and groundwater contamination caused by reclamation has emerged as a major social problem, and a total ban policy is being implemented.

Waste incineration aims to minimize the final amount of waste by focusing on the treatment of discharged and discarded materials. In particular, large-scale incineration facilities that treat waste in a molten state have been proposed in order to fundamentally block the occurrence of air pollution caused by waste incineration. However, these large incineration facilities not only require huge initial installation and operation and management costs, but also cause problems with collection and transportation and processing of incinerated ash. As a way to solve this problem, a small industrial waste treatment device that can be moved and installed so that waste can be incinerated in a village unit is emerging as an alternative.

The pyrolysis incineration system consists of a primary pyrolysis furnace in which wastes are put through dry dry distillation and pyrolysis incineration processes, and a secondary combustion furnace in which the pyrolysis and dry distillation gas generated in the primary pyrolysis furnace is completely incinerated. In these pyrolysis incinerators, combustion air is usually about 20 to 40% of the theoretical required amount of air, and enough air to burn residual carbon is injected, and in step 3 (step 1 - dry waste at 500°C, step 2 - waste at 500-900°C) The pyrolysis and incineration process is carried out through vaporization and pyrolysis gasification of volatile matter, 3 steps - pyrolysis gasification of residual waste and combustion of fixed carbon at 1100℃ or higher.

Small incinerators based on this theory are devices that incinerate using external air as a heating medium without using fuel. is in progress

However, the conventional low-temperature pyrolysis incinerator is a facility introduced for resource recycling, and soot is generated due to overheating due to high temperature during combustion treatment of materials with high calorie such as plastics. In addition, since it is difficult to completely combust waste with a high moisture content, the waste must be separately incinerated, and a separate secondary combustion device must be installed to remove environmental harmful substances such as dioxins and heavy metals. There is a problem in that excessive consumption and installation cost increase. In addition, the low-temperature pyrolysis incinerator has a limitation in the daily processing capacity because the processing time is long depending on the processed material.

Contrary to the low-temperature pyrolysis incinerator, the high-temperature pyrolysis incinerator has a structure in which a pipe with a number of holes is mounted inside the incinerator, and external air is introduced to incinerate by high-temperature oxidation. As an example, the high-temperature pyrolysis incinerator of Patent No. 10-1483751 is disclosed. As shown in FIG. 1, this device installs a blower pipe 60 having multi-stage air injection ports 62 in the combustion chamber 50 to forcibly blow external air, but combustion of the combustion chamber 50 by the multi-stage air injection ports. It is a structure that can block the emission of soot containing environmentally harmful substances such as carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, heavy metals and nitrogen oxides by preventing incomplete combustion of the treated material by burning the incinerated material at a high temperature by multiplying the layers.

However, although the above structure helps to activate combustion by introducing air into the combustion chamber through the multi-layered air injection hole, there is a problem in that the efficiency is lowered in burning the waste concentrated in the center because the air is injected in the horizontal direction. .

As another example, the multi-layer high-temperature pyrolysis incinerator of Patent No. 10-1604837 arranges a plurality of air injection holes 74 in a multi-stage form in the blower pipe 72 installed in the combustion chamber 70 as shown in FIG. 2, and at the center of the bottom of the incinerator. It has a structure in which a stirring blade 76 is installed and the stirring blade 76 is rotated so that an object to be incinerated with a high moisture content in the lower part of the incinerator can be stirred.

The structure contains a problem that the rotational shaft of the pipe cannot withstand thermal expansion and contraction during repeated incineration because the blower pipe is rotated, or that the rotational operation is not smooth.

Korean Patent No. 10-1483751 Korean Patent No. 10-1604837 Korean Patent No. 10-1709744

Accordingly, the present invention has been proposed to solve the above problems, and a multi-layered air curtain is formed on the blower pipe for introducing external air as a heat source, but air injection holes are formed at the upper and lower ends of the blower pipe in a tornado direction to evenly distribute the inside of the combustion chamber. An object of the present invention is to provide a portable high-temperature pyrolysis incinerator capable of maximizing the combustion efficiency of incinerated waste by allowing air to be sprayed into the furnace.

In addition, the present invention configures the opening and closing part of the incinerator in a double structure with a hole through which external air can flow in, and raises the incineration temperature of the incineration waste to a melting temperature or higher, thereby blocking the outflow of air pollutants caused by incineration. Another object is to provide a possible high-temperature pyrolysis incinerator.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention includes: an exterior case having a movable caster mounted on the bottom; A blow pipe in which an air jet hole for making a multi-layered air curtain is formed by penetrating at regular intervals in the vertical direction, and S-shaped holes are formed on the upper and lower sides of the air jet hole, and a lid for shielding the upper part of the blow pipe. Is configured, the blower installed upright in the center of the combustion unit; an opening and shutting unit installed at an upper end of the combustion unit to open and close the combustion unit, and having a combustion discharge port formed in the central portion; And it provides a portable high-temperature pyrolysis incinerator comprising a blower for introducing the outside air into the blower, and a blower control panel comprising a controller for controlling the intensity of the wind introduced into the blower.

In an embodiment of the present invention, it may further include a mesh installed at the lower end of the combustion unit and serving as a support to dry the wet waste.

The opening/closing unit includes: an upper cover having a plurality of outdoor air inlets for introducing external air in the outer periphery and having a combustion discharge path installed in the central portion; and an inner cover having a size coincident with the cross-section of the combustion unit to seal the combustion unit and installed on the inner periphery of the upper cover, the inner cover being in communication with the outdoor air inlet to introduce external air into the combustion unit characterized by one.

The inner cover is characterized in that it is made of insulating ceramic, and also characterized in that a space of 5 to 10 mm is formed between the inner surface of the upper cover and the outer surface of the inner cover.

The outer airway inlet area of the upper cover is characterized in that 1/10 to 1/20 of the total area of the upper cover.

The heat-resistant inorganic ceramic molded body constituting the fire-resistant wall surface is composed of a material emitting far-infrared rays to the inorganic ceramic filler. In addition, the inorganic ceramic filler includes one functional additive selected from potassium titanate or alumina and a high-temperature ceramic fiber, 5 wt% to 19 wt% of the functional additive, 5 wt% to 15 wt% of the high-temperature ceramic fiber with respect to 100 wt% of the inorganic ceramic filler It is characterized by a combination of

Far-infrared emitting materials include quartz-monzonite, gneiss and rhyolite tuff, tourmaline, ocher, sericite, amethyst, live ore, bamboo charcoal, uiwang stone, guiyang stone, obsidian, elvan stone, light stone, lava, ghost stone, seaweed coal, It is characterized in that it is made of one or more materials selected from binchotan.

According to the present invention having the above configuration, by allowing air to be blown out in a tornado form from the upper and lower parts of the blower pipe installed in the center of the combustion chamber, the air sprayed inside the combustion chamber is evenly distributed, thereby maximizing the combustibility of waste to improve combustion efficiency. there is.

In addition, the upper cover of the combustion chamber is formed in a dual structure of an outer tube having a passage through which external air can be introduced and an inner tube shielding the combustion chamber, but the inner tube is made of thermal insulation ceramic that can emit far-infrared rays, so that combustion by the far-infrared effect It can promote promotion and has the effect of blocking the generation of odors.

1 and 2 are structural diagrams of a high-temperature pyrolysis incinerator according to the prior art;
3 is an external view of a mobile high-temperature pyrolysis incinerator according to the present invention;
4 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of one embodiment of the present invention;
5 is a cross-sectional view of an upper cover which is an essential part of the present invention.

The portable high-temperature pyrolysis incinerator according to the present invention is implemented so that multi-layered air curtains are installed to suppress soot generation through complete combustion of waste and maximize combustion efficiency.

Specific features and other advantages of the high-temperature pyrolysis incinerator according to the present invention will become clearer with the description of the following preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying FIGS.

Figure 3 is an external view of a portable high-temperature pyrolysis incinerator according to the present invention, Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the upper cover, which is the main part of the present invention.

3 to 5, the mobile high-temperature pyrolysis incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention is composed of a combustion unit 10, a blowing unit 20, an opening/closing unit 30 and a blowing control panel unit 40 do.

The combustion unit 10 is made of cast iron and has a cylindrical exterior case 110 having a movable caster 500 mounted thereon, and is installed on the inner wall surface of the exterior case 110 and has a high temperature of 1000° C. or higher. It is composed of a fire-resistant wall surface 120 made of a heat-resistant inorganic ceramic molded body that can withstand the

Here, the heat-resistant inorganic ceramic molded body forming the fire-resistant wall surface 120 can be cast as a castable fire-resistant ceramic. In addition, the heat-resistant inorganic ceramic molded body is composed of a component that emits far-infrared rays to induce combustion promotion by the far-infrared effect and prevent odor.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the heat-resistant inorganic ceramic molded body constituting the fire-resistant wall surface is composed of a molded body combining an inorganic ceramic filler with a material that emits far-infrared rays. The described far-infrared emitting material was applied.

The inorganic ceramic filler includes one functional additive selected from potassium titanate or alumina and high-temperature ceramic fiber, 5 wt% to 19 wt% of the functional additive with respect to 100 wt% of the inorganic ceramic filler, In order to reduce the heat insulation effect and weight when mixing ceramic molded products 5wt% ~ 15wt% of ceramic fiber for high temperature is blended.

In an embodiment of the present invention, when the functional additive is added at 5 wt% or less with respect to 100 wt% of the inorganic ceramic filler, it may cause a decrease in the efficiency of far-infrared rays, and when added at 19 wt% or more with respect to the total weight part, drying during molding It is preferable to be added within the range of 5 wt% to 19 wt% based on 100 wt% of the inorganic ceramic filler because it adversely affects the post-cracking or roughening of the surface.

As known in the patent of the applicant of the present application, potassium titanate or alumina added as a functional additive enhances physical and chemical properties such as durability, aging resistance, and abrasion resistance. In addition, one or more far-infrared minerals selected from the natural mineral group of quartz-monzonite, gneiss and rhyolite tuff, tourmaline, ocher, sericite, amethyst, live ore, bamboo charcoal, uiwang stone, guiyang stone, obsidian, elvan, ore A special function can be added by adding a far-infrared mineral material made of one or more natural stone materials selected from , lava, and ghost stone, or one or more charcoal materials selected from seaweed coal and binchotan. These particles have a needle-like or plate-like shape, and thus play a role of preventing cracks in the molded body between binders or controlling the viscosity of the coating agent.

By composing the refractory wall surface with the above combination, it can withstand a high temperature of 1000°C or higher, and it is possible to maximize the combustion promotion and deodorization effect by the effect of far infrared rays.

In the combustion unit, a mesh 130 is installed at a predetermined distance from the floor to dry the waste containing moisture. The mesh 130 quickly dries the moisture contained in the wet waste in the first stage of combustion to make the waste into a dry state.

The blower 20 includes a blower pipe 210 installed upright in the center of the combustion section 10 , and a lid 220 that shields the upper portion of the blower pipe 210 . Air injection holes 210a penetrated at regular intervals in the vertical direction are formed in the blower pipe 210 . In this embodiment, the air spray hole 210a is configured in seven layers to form a seven-stage air curtain. In addition, oblique holes (specifically, S-shaped holes) 210b are formed on the upper and lower sides of the air injection hole 210a to generate a tornado according to air injection, thereby improving combustion efficiency.

That is, the S-shaped hole 210b improves the combustion efficiency by allowing the air to be evenly distributed inside the combustion chamber through air ejection in the S-direction together with the transverse air injected from the air ejection hole 210a of the blower pipe 210. will be improved

The opening/closing unit 30 has an upper cover 310 having a plurality of external air inlets 310a for introducing external air in the outer periphery and having a combustion discharge path 310b installed in the center thereof, and the combustion unit 10 in the cross section. It is composed of an inner cover 320 that has the same size and is installed on the inner periphery of the upper cover 310 .

A gap of 5 to 10 mm is formed in the gap between the inner surface of the upper cover 310 and the inner cover 320, as shown in FIG. This is to prevent a sudden inflow of external air and at the same time to allow a sufficient amount of outside air to flow in so that the waste in the combustion unit 10 can be completely burned.

The inner cover 320 is formed of insulating ceramic to prevent the heat burned in the combustion unit from leaking to the outside. In addition, the area of the external airway inlet 310a formed in the upper cover 310 is designed not to exceed 1/10 to 1/20 of the total external area of the upper cover 310 . This is designed so that the optimal inflow amount of outside air required for combustion is achieved.

The blower control panel unit 40 includes a blower 410 for introducing outside air into the blower 10 , and a controller 420 for controlling the strength of the wind flowing into the blower 410 .

Unexplained reference numeral 500 denotes a caster capable of moving the combustion unit 10 .

As described above, the present invention operates as follows.

First, a combustion process for preheating the combustion unit 10 is performed. At this time, when the blower 410 is operated by turning on the switch of the blower control panel unit 40 , sufficient outside air necessary for combustion is introduced through the blower pipe 210 . That is, at the lower end of the combustion unit 10, 20 to 40% of the amount of air required for under fire is input by primary pyrolysis. This corresponds to sufficient air to burn the residual carbon of the inputted waste, and if the inputted waste has a low calorific value, 40 to 70% of the air is input.

In the first pyrolysis process, a process of completely drying the waste present in the mesh 130 at the same time as preheating is included.

Next, after the initial preheating of the combustion unit 10 is finished, when an additionally larger amount of outside air is introduced into the blower pipe 210 through the 7-stage air injection hole 210a that is penetrated at regular intervals in the blower pipe 210 , As the air is discharged, the combustion efficiency increases. That is, as the volatile waste is vaporized (dried gasified) by the dry distillation and pyrolysis process along with the preheating of the combustion unit 10, it is synthesized with the air ejected from the air injection hole 210a of the blower pipe 210 to achieve secondary combustion. will be carried out At this time, the air ejected from the S-shaped hole 210b formed at the upper and lower portions of the blower pipe 210 is mixed with the 7-stage air curtain and mixed with the 7-stage air curtain to evenly distribute the air, thereby inducing complete combustion of the carbonized gas.

By this process, the input waste is incinerated while maintaining the temperature of 900~1100℃, and the generation of exhaust gas is suppressed.

In addition, the outside air introduced through the outside air introduction unit 310a of the upper cover 310 is supplied to the final stage (ash combustion zone) of the combustion unit 10 through a gap with the inner cover 320 and the communication port of the outside air introduction unit. It is completely combusted and there is no fly ash such as dust. Here, in the secondary and tertiary combustion processes, the heaviest materials are burned from the bottom by the multi-layered air curtain structure of the blower 210 and the lighter gases are burned one after the other, and in the uppermost layer of the blower pipe 210 Complete combustion is possible while mixing with the external air introduced through the external air inlet 310a of the upper cover 310.

The present invention described above is not limited by the above-described embodiments and the accompanying drawings, and it is common in the technical field to which the present invention pertains that various substitutions, modifications and changes are possible without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention. It will be clear to those who have the knowledge of

10: combustion unit 20: blower unit
30: opening and closing part 40: ventilation control panel part
110: exterior case 120: fireproof wall surface
130: mesh 210: ventilation pipe
220: lid 310: upper cover
320: inner cover 330: space part
410: blower 420: controller
500: caster

Claims (7)

A combustion unit comprising: an exterior case having a caster mounted on the bottom surface to be movable;
It is penetrated at regular intervals in the vertical direction to form an air injection hole for making a multi-layered air curtain. and a blower installed upright in the center of the combustion unit;
A plurality of outdoor air inlets for introducing external air are formed in the outer periphery of the upper cover, and a combustion discharge path is installed in the central part, and an inner cover having a size capable of sealing the combustion part and installed inside the upper cover. draw; and
A blower for introducing outside air into the blower, and a blower control panel comprising a controller for controlling the strength of the wind flowing into the blower,
A gap is formed between the inner surface of the upper cover of the opening and closing part and the inner cover, wherein the gap is 5 mm to 10 mm, and the external airway inlet area of the upper cover is 1/10 to 1/20 of the total area of the upper cover,
The heat-resistant inorganic ceramic molded body constituting the fire-resistant wall surface is composed of a mixture of an inorganic ceramic filler and a material emitting far-infrared rays,
The inorganic ceramic filler includes one functional additive selected from potassium titanate or alumina and high-temperature ceramic fiber, wherein 5 wt% to 19 wt% of the functional additive and 5 wt% to 15 wt% of the high-temperature ceramic fiber are blended with respect to 100 wt% of the inorganic ceramic filler. becomes,
Far-infrared emitting materials are quartz-monzonite, gneiss and rhyolite tuff, tourmaline, ocher, sericite, amethyst, live ore, bamboo charcoal, uiwang stone, guiyang stone, obsidian, elvan stone, light stone, lava, ghost stone, seaweed coal, A mobile high-temperature pyrolysis incinerator, characterized in that it is made of one or more materials selected from non-charcoal.
The method of claim 1,
A mobile high-temperature pyrolysis incinerator installed at the lower end of the combustion unit and further comprising a mesh serving as a support to dry wet waste.
delete The method of claim 1,
The inner cover is a mobile high-temperature pyrolysis incinerator, characterized in that made of insulating ceramic.

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