KR101376103B1 - Energy Saving Pyrolysis Apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a combustion chamber for receiving an incineration object, a heating plate disposed below the combustion chamber and having a heating space formed therein, a burner connected to the heating space inlet of the heating plate and radiating the flame in the heating space, and a source of the flame emitted by the burner of the heating plate. A gas inlet pipe installed at a near side and communicating with a heating space, connected to an outlet of a heating space of a heating plate, and an exhaust pipe serving as a passage for discharging exhaust gas passing through the heating space to the outside, and a direction in which combustion gas is exhausted inside the exhaust pipe. It is composed of a blower that blows air to form a lower pressure than the outside in the heating space and facilitates the discharge of exhaust gas and the suction of volatile gas generated in the combustion chamber into the gas inlet pipe, and uses radiant heat emitted from the heating plate to the combustion chamber. The present invention relates to a pyrolysis device for dry distilling or burning an incinerated object. The heating plate performs two functions of pyrolyzing volatile gas and heating the incinerator, so that the combustion efficiency of the device is improved and the purification performance is improved.

Description

Low Fuel Pyrolysis Device {Energy Saving Pyrolysis Apparatus}

The present invention relates to a pyrolysis device in which harmful substances are greatly reduced by adopting a method of dry distillation or combustion of the incinerated substance by indirect heating. In addition, the present invention relates to a pyrolysis apparatus having high combustion efficiency by recycling volatile gas generated from an incineration to be heated to heat the incineration. Further, the present invention relates to a pyrolysis device, characterized in that the heating plate heated by the burner serves as a means for heating radiated material by providing radiant heat to the combustion chamber in addition to the thermal decomposition of volatile gas generated from the burned object.

Household waste is disposed of by recycling, landfilling and incineration. Incineration, which thermally decomposes or oxidizes waste, is a particularly effective waste disposal method in large cities that lack landfills to accommodate the waste, as they can significantly reduce volume and weight than land. Incidentally, it is possible to recover heat energy, and the share of waste disposal is gradually increasing.

There are many types of municipal waste that can be incinerated. Among them, household wastes including juicy foods are difficult to incinerate. Infectious wastes generated in hospitals need thorough anti-pollution measures, and the cost of incineration can be increased up to five times higher than general wastes. Organic wastes mainly emitted from industry are unstable when thermally decomposed and various pollutants such as heavy metals, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, hydrogen chloride and dioxins can be generated.

In order to minimize the impact of waste and pyrolysis on the inhabitants and the environment, various harmful substances generated during pyrolysis should be removed. To this end, existing incinerators have a secondary combustion chamber continuously installed above the primary combustion chamber that receives and combusts the waste, and re-burns and cleans up harmful substances generated from the waste in the secondary combustion chamber together with air. Reduce damage

However, if the waste is not sufficiently dried, the temperature in the primary combustion chamber is lowered, resulting in a lower combustion efficiency, resulting in more harmful substances such as dioxins. In addition, the method of forcibly injecting fuel and air into the primary combustion chamber and burning it forms violent combustion and turbulence, which makes it difficult to control harmful substances. In addition, the heat emitted to the outside of the secondary combustion chamber maintained at a high temperature to pyrolyze toxic substances is not recoverable, and thus the maintenance cost increases.

Therefore, in order to make waste incineration or pyrolysis treatment a continuous and effective waste treatment method, it is possible to reduce the consumption of fuel by increasing the combustion efficiency and to control the combustion in the combustion chamber more efficiently than the existing methods, thereby reducing the generation of harmful substances. A pyrolysis device is needed. Preferably, the spread of the pyrolysis apparatus can be expanded by reducing the volume of the apparatus or the manufacturing cost.

10-0577492 (dry distillation incinerator) 10-0479966 (Incinerator) 10-0587961 (incinerator) 10-0685278 (Medical Waste and Waste Carbonization Systems, and Carbonization Vehicles Equipped with the Systems)

It is an object of the present invention to provide a structure and operation method of a pyrolysis device that can reduce the generation of harmful substances when pyrolysates are pyrolyzed and reduce fuel consumption required for pyrolysis. It is still another object of the present invention to provide a pyrolysis device that is simple in structure and easy to operate.

The pyrolysis device according to the present invention comprises a combustion chamber, a heating plate, a burner, a gas inlet pipe, an exhaust pipe, and a blower.

The pyrolysis apparatus is realized by arranging a heating plate under a combustion chamber that accommodates an object to be burned. The heating plate has a heating space formed therein, and a burner is connected to the inlet of the heating space to radiate flames in the heating space. The heating space has a structure that circulates the entire heating plate evenly so that the exhaust gas passing through the heating space can effectively transfer heat to the heating plate. The outlet of the heating space is connected to an exhaust pipe that serves as a passage for discharging the exhaust gas passing through the heating space out of the combustion chamber.

As soon as the heating space is heated by the flame and exhaust gas emitted by the burner, the entire heating plate is heated. When radiant heat is transferred from the heating plate to the combustion chamber, the burned object located above the heating plate is dried and volatile gas is generated.

A gas inlet tube is provided in the combustion chamber so as to be in communication with the heating space. The gas inlet pipe is a passage through which the volatile gas generated from the burned material flows into the heating space. The volatile gas introduced into the heating space through the gas inlet pipe is reburned by the burner's flame to remove harmful components. Therefore, it is preferable that the gas inlet pipe is connected near the flame of the burner so as to have good contact between the gas and the flame introduced therein. In addition, the air required to reburn the volatile gas controls the amount of air supplied to the burner to achieve complete combustion in the heating space. As a result, the volatile gas generated in the combustion chamber is reused as fuel to increase the combustion efficiency of the pyrolysis device.

The exhaust pipe is connected to the outlet of the heating space and is a passage through which exhaust gas passing through the heating space is discharged to the outside. Part of the exhaust pipe passes through the combustion chamber and is exposed to the outside, which part of the exhaust pipe is connected to the outlet side of the blower. The blower injects air in the direction in which the combustion gas is exhausted inside the exhaust pipe to generate a lower pressure than the outside in the heating space to facilitate the discharge of the exhaust gas and the suction of volatile gas generated in the combustion chamber into the gas inlet pipe. In addition, it is possible to control the amount and speed of the gas flowing into the gas inlet pipe by adjusting the amount and speed of the air injected into the exhaust pipe. The amount and speed of the air injected by the blower to the exhaust pipe can be controlled by controlling the rotation speed of the blower blade.

It is preferable to further include an air supply means, for example, an air supply pipe, in the combustion chamber. By controlling the amount of air injected into the combustion chamber through the air supply pipe, it is possible to dry the burned object or completely burn the dried object.

The operating method of the pyrolysis apparatus includes a first stage distillation process and a second stage combustion process.

The first stage begins with the burner ignited. The heating space is heated by the flame radiated by the burner, and the burned matter is heated by the radiant heat of the heating plate. At this time, the generated volatile gas is sucked into the gas inlet pipe and burned by the flame in the heating space. In the first step, it is preferable to dry or dry the incinerator in anoxic state by limiting or stopping the amount of air flowing into the combustion chamber in a small amount. At this time, by adjusting the ratio and the amount of air and fuel supplied to the burner can be properly maintained the temperature of the heating space, for example, if the generation of volatile gas flowing into the heating space increases the proportion of air supplied to the burner To increase the complete combustion in the heated space.

When the incineration is mostly carbonized and carbonized, the first stage of drying is completed and the second stage of combustion is started.

In the second stage combustion process, the supply amount of air to the combustion chamber is increased more than the first stage process, and the burned incineration of the carbonized state starts to burn rapidly. In the second stage combustion process, since the amount of volatile gas is little or disappeared, the fuel of the burner is mainly burned in the heating space.

As described above, the first stage dry distillation process and the second stage combustion process can be performed by adjusting the air injection in the burner and the combustion chamber, so that the overall control of the pyrolysis apparatus is simple. In addition, since dry heat and combustion are carried out by an indirect heating method in which radiant heat of the heating plate is transmitted to the object to be burned, violent combustion or incomplete combustion generated by forcibly injecting air and fuel into the combustion chamber is prevented, thereby generating harmful substances such as dioxins. Can be reduced. The pyrolysis apparatus according to the present invention has a smaller manufacturing cost and can reduce the size of the apparatus compared to the existing incinerator having each burner installed in each combustion chamber.

As the fuel of the burner used in the pyrolysis apparatus, liquid fuel (kerosene, light oil, heavy oil, etc.) or gaseous fuel (LNG, propane gas) can be used.

The pyrolysis device according to the present invention has the following effects.

First, the flame is not directly contacted with the incinerator, and the incineration of the incinerator is carried out by indirect heating by the radiant heat of the heating plate, and then the combustion is carried out completely. Produces hazardous substances.

Second, the radiant heat of the heating plate is adopted to heat the incinerator without dissipating it out of the furnace, so the heat consumption is small and the combustion efficiency is high, thereby reducing the amount of fuel required for incineration.

Third, the volatile gas generated from the burned material is introduced into the heating space to be reburned. As a result, the volatile gas is recycled as heat for heating the burned material, thereby providing excellent energy efficiency.

Fourth, by adjusting the air injection in the burner and the combustion chamber, dry flow or combustion can be performed separately, so the overall control is simple.

1 is a schematic side cross-sectional view of a pyrolysis apparatus 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 2-2 of FIG.
3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 3-3 of Fig.
4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 4-4 of FIG.

Other features and functions of the present invention in addition to the above purpose will be described in detail through the following examples.

1 is a schematic side cross-sectional view of a pyrolysis apparatus 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 2-2 of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 3-3 of FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 4-4 of FIG.

The pyrolysis apparatus 10 includes a combustion chamber 25 accommodating an object to be burned, a heating plate 30 disposed below the combustion chamber, and a heating space 35 formed therein, a burner 40 radiating flame 45, and a heating plate 30. It is composed of a gas inlet pipe 50 connected to the exhaust pipe 60, a blower 70 for injecting air into the exhaust pipe 60, and an air supply pipe 80 for supplying external air to the combustion chamber 25.

The combustion chamber 25 is formed by being surrounded by a combustion chamber wall 20 made of a refractory material and a heat insulating material, and an inlet 22 through which an incineration object can be introduced into the combustion chamber 25. The heating plate 30 is installed below the combustion chamber 25, and the burned object is placed on the heating plate 30 and heated and burned by radiant heat of the heating plate.

The heating plate 30 is composed of a heating space 35, a heating space inlet 32, and a heating space outlet 36. The burner 40 is connected to the heating space inlet 32 to radiate the flame 45 to the heating space 35. The heating space 35 is a space formed inside the heating plate 30, and the flame and exhaust gas radiated from the heating space inlet 32 pass toward the heating space outlet 36 to effectively transfer heat to the heating plate 30. It has a structure, and its shape is not particularly limited. As shown in FIG. 3, the heating plate 30 transmits radiant heat to the combustion chamber 25 through the upper surface, the lower surface, and the side surface to heat the incinerator. The heating plate 30 is connected to the gas inlet pipe 50 and the exhaust pipe 60 to be described below to enable air communication.

The gas inlet pipe 50 is located above the center of the height direction inside the combustion chamber 25, and the lower side is connected to the heating plate 30 so that the volatile gas generated in the combustion chamber 25 flows into the heating space 35. It acts as a pathway. Gas introduced into the heating space 35 is burned by the flame 45 to remove harmful substances. Therefore, the gas inlet pipe 50 is preferably connected to the source of the flame 45 of the burner 40 so that the inlet of the gas and the contact of the flame 45 is good. The flame 45 generated by mixing the fuel of the burner 40 and the gas introduced therein further promotes heating of the incinerated object in the combustion chamber 25. In addition to the action of thermally decomposing the volatile gas generated from the burned object in the heating space 35, the heating plate 30 may also provide radiant heat to the combustion chamber 25 to serve as a means for heating the burned object. It is necessary to keep it. Accordingly, the heating plate 30 may be any one material selected from ceramics or heat-resistant metals having excellent heat resistance, or may be formed of a combination of ceramics and heat-resistant metals.

The exhaust pipe 60 is connected to the heating space outlet 36 to serve as a passage for discharging the exhaust gas passing through the heating space 35 out of the combustion chamber 25. A portion of the exhaust pipe 60 penetrates through the combustion chamber wall 20 and is exposed to the outside. The exhaust pipe 60 is heated by the high temperature exhaust gas similarly to the heating plate 30. Accordingly, a portion of the exhaust pipe 60 located between the heating space outlet 36 and the upper combustion chamber wall 20 can transmit radiant heat to the combustion chamber 25 to heat the burned object.

The blower 70 has an inlet and an outlet and generates air pressure. The blower 70 is connected to any part of the exhaust pipe 60 whose outlet is exposed to the outside, and injects air in a direction in which combustion gas is exhausted inside the exhaust pipe 60 to heat the heating space 35 and the exhaust pipe ( 60) generates a pressure lower than the outside. The pressure (vacuum) formed in the heating space 35 and the exhaust pipe 60 facilitates suction of the volatile gas generated in the combustion chamber 25 into the gas inlet pipe 50 and exhausts the exhaust gas of the heating space 35. It moves to the exit of 60 and consequently releases to the outside. Therefore, the blower 70 may control the amount and speed of the gas flowing into the gas inlet pipe 50 by adjusting the amount of air injected into the exhaust pipe 60. The amount of air injected by the blower 70 to the exhaust pipe 60 may be controlled by controlling the rotation speed of the blade of the blower 70.

The combustion chamber wall 20 is provided with at least one or more air supply pipes 80 for supplying external air to the combustion chamber 25. The air supply pipe 80 is preferably formed in a space between the lower end of the combustion chamber 25, that is, the heating plate 30 and the combustion chamber wall 20 located in the lower direction, to inject air. As the outside air at room temperature flows into the combustion chamber 25 through the air supply pipe 80, the temperature rises rapidly, and the heated air facilitates combustion of the incinerated object located on the heating plate 30.

By controlling the amount of air injected into the combustion chamber 25 through the air supply pipe 80, the burned object can be dried or burned. For example, when the air supply pipe 80 is adjusted to stop the air supply to the combustion chamber 25 and incineration proceeds, the incineration is dried in an oxygen-free state. When most of the waste is carbonized and carbonized, the amount of air supplied to the combustion chamber 25 can be increased to completely burn the carbonized object. As described above, by adjusting the air injection in the combustion chamber 25, dry distillation or combustion can be performed respectively, so that the overall control of the incinerator 10 is simple.

In the pyrolysis apparatus 10, the heating plate 30 disposed below the combustion chamber 25 may effectively transmit radiant heat to the combustion chamber 25 due to the synergistic action of hot air moving upward from the bottom. The heating plate 30 is kept warm by the combustion chamber 25 without being exposed to the outside, thereby reducing the fuel consumption required to heat the heating space 35. In addition, since the volatile gas generated in the burned material is burned and recycled in the heating space 35, the incineration efficiency is increased and the purification performance is improved.

The scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-exemplified embodiments, and various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art. Accordingly, the invention is limited only by the claims that follow.

10: pyrolysis apparatus 20: combustion chamber wall
22: inlet 25: combustion chamber
30: heating plate 32: heating space entrance
35: heating space 36: heating space outlet
40: burner 45: flame
50: gas inlet pipe 60: exhaust pipe
70: blower 80: air supply pipe

Claims (12)

In the pyrolysis device to dry or burn the burned object,
A combustion chamber accommodating the object to be burned; A heating plate disposed below the combustion chamber and having a heating space therein; A burner connected to the heating space inlet of the heating plate and radiating a flame to the heating space; A gas inlet pipe serving as a passage through which the volatile gas generated in the combustion chamber is introduced into the heating space; An exhaust pipe connected to the heating space outlet and serving as a passage through which the exhaust gas passing through the heating space is discharged to the outside; And a blower configured to blow air into the exhaust pipe in a direction in which the combustion gas is exhausted to form a pressure lower than the outside in the heating space. The pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the heating plate also functions as a means for heating the incinerator by providing radiant heat to the combustion chamber in addition to the action of pyrolyzing volatile gas generated from the incinerator in the heating space. The pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising at least one or more air supply pipes for supplying air to the combustion chamber. The pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the gas inlet pipe is connected to a source near the source of the flame radiated by the burner of the heating plate. The pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the heating plate is made of any one selected from ceramics or heat-resistant metals, or a combination of ceramics and heat-resistant metals. The pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the amount and speed of the volatile gas sucked into the gas inlet pipe can be controlled by controlling the amount and the speed of the air injected into the exhaust pipe. The pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the outlet of the blower is connected to any part of the exhaust pipe exposed to the outside, and the air is injected in a direction in which combustion gas is exhausted inside the exhaust pipe. The pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the blower facilitates the discharge of the exhaust gas and the suction of the volatile gas generated in the combustion chamber into the gas inlet pipe. The pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the heating space circulates through the entire heating plate so that the exhaust gas effectively transfers heat to the heating plate. The pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an upper side of the gas inflow pipe is located above the center of the height direction in the combustion chamber. The pyrolysis device according to claim 3, wherein the dry flow or combustion of the incinerated object is controlled by controlling the amount of air injected into the combustion chamber through the air supply pipe. 4. The pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the air supply pipe is located in a space between the heating plate and the lower combustion chamber wall.

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