KR102231255B1 - Positive-pressure mushroom cultivating house to reduce occurrence of penicillium - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a positive-pressure mushroom cultivating house to reduce production of penicillium, and more specifically, to a positive-pressure mushroom cultivating house to reduce production of penicillium, configured to control the internal environment, thereby inhibiting production of penicillium, and thus, mushrooms can be easily cultivated. According to the present invention, the positive-pressure mushroom cultivating house to reduce production of penicillium comprises: a main body partitioned into a preparation room in which a cooling water tank and a heating water tank are installed and a cultivation room in which a cultivation stack is installed; a blower barrel which is installed on the bottom of the cultivation room and through which cold air cooled by cold water stored in the cooling water tank or hot air heated by hot water stored in the heating water tank is discharged so that a temperature of the cultivation room can be adjusted; an exhaust port installed in the cultivation room and configured to discharge air inside the cultivation room to the outside; a check valve installed in the exhaust port and configured to block the inflow of external air into the cultivation room; C-type circulation devices installed on both sidewalls of the cultivation room and configured to withdraw air from an upper portion of the cultivation room and discharge the withdrawn air to a lower portion of the cultivation room; a plurality of humidity adjusting devices which adjust the humidity of the cultivation room; and a UV lamp installed on the upper portion of the cultivation room, wherein the inside of the cultivation room is maintained at a pressure of 10 Pa or more, a temperature of 20-30°C, and a humidity of 70-90 %RH.

Description

Positive-pressure mushroom cultivating house to reduce occurrence of penicillium}

The present invention relates to a positive pressure cultivation of mushrooms with a reduction in the occurrence of green mold, and more particularly, a positive pressure cultivation of medicinal mushrooms with a reduction in the occurrence of green mold, which is easy to cultivate mushrooms, particularly medicinal mushrooms, by controlling the internal environment to suppress the occurrence of green mold. It is about.

In general, mushrooms are taxonomically classified as basidiomycetes, and are mostly used for edible use except for toxic ones.These mushrooms are high protein foods that can replace meat and are beneficial natural health that can prevent adult diseases. It is recognized as a food and many farms carry out mushroom cultivation.

As a cultivation method of these mushrooms, depending on the type, it has been cultivated by making holes in logs such as hackberry, oyster, oak, oak, etc., and inoculating spawns. However, since the stable supply of logs is difficult and requires a lot of skilled labor. Recently, a method of cultivating such as bottle cultivation, box cultivation, and bag cultivation in the cultivation company using sawdust or waste noodles as a medium is also being implemented.

As a method for growing mushrooms, there is a technology using a freight container. The technology of mushroom cultivation using a container is a bottle in which a growth zone assembled in a frame shape is placed using a metal pipe inside a container having a certain volume, and shelves are mounted on the growth table, and the mushroom seed is inoculated on the shelf. , Boxes or sacks are arranged at regular intervals, and a lighting means for mushroom cultivation, water supply means for cultivation, heat supply means for temperature maintenance, and a controller to control the supply amount thereof are installed inside and outside the container, A sensor that measures humidity, temperature, and carbon dioxide inside the container is installed, and it is configured so that the maximum mushroom can be harvested using the minimum space.

On the other hand, in recent years, the income of agricultural and forestry households is increasing due to the medicinal mushroom cultivation industry. However, biological mushrooms are competing for dominant species with blue mold fungi that exist in nature and living spaces, and in a simple closed container type mushroom cultivation company, more than 40% of contamination by fungi is generated, making it difficult to cultivate mushrooms. In particular, it is difficult to reduce the density of fungi only by ventilation in the summer when the humidity is high due to the cold winter or the rainy season, so the mushroom cultivation period is limited.

Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-1990253 (2019.06.17.)

The present invention is to solve the above-described problem, by maintaining the inside of the cultivation house at a positive pressure to block the inflow of external contaminants into the interior, and precisely control the temperature and humidity to prevent the occurrence of blue fungus. It is an object of the present invention to provide a positive pressure cultivation yarn for medicinal mushrooms with reduced occurrence.

In order to achieve the above object, the positive pressure cultivation of mushrooms for reducing blue mold generation of the present invention comprises: a main body divided into a preparation room in which a cooling water tank and a heating water tank are installed, and a cultivation room in which a cultivation table is installed; A blower pipe installed on the bottom of the cultivation room and selectively discharges cold air cooled by cold water stored in the cooling water tank and hot air heated by the hot water stored in the heating water tank to control the temperature of the cultivation room; An exhaust port installed in the cultivation room to discharge air inside the cultivation room to the outside; A check valve installed at the exhaust port to block external air from flowing into the cultivation chamber; A C-type circulation device installed on both side walls of the cultivation chamber and suctioning the air above the cultivation chamber and discharging it to a lower portion of the cultivation chamber; A plurality of humidity control devices for adjusting the humidity of the cultivation room; And a UV lamp installed above the cultivation room, and a door for access is installed between the preparation room and the cultivation room, and the inside of the cultivation room has a pressure of 10 Pa or more, a temperature of 20 to 30°C, and a humidity of 70 to 90. It is maintained as %RH.

The humidity control device includes: a humidifier for supplying air containing moisture, a duct installed above the cultivation room and serving as a passage for air supplied from the humidifier, and a sliding panel movably installed under the duct And, a rotating nozzle rotatably installed on the sliding panel to discharge air containing moisture into the cultivation chamber, a driving roller installed at one end of the duct, and a support roller installed at the other end of the duct. And, a belt supported by the driving roller and the support roller, and having both ends connected to both ends of the sliding panel to move the sliding panel by the operation of the driving roller, and installed on the top of the cultivation chamber, and the rotation It consists of a rack gear that rotates the rotating nozzle when the sliding panel moves in contact with the nozzle.

A heat insulating material layer and a concrete pouring layer are sequentially formed on the lower floor of the door, and a heating wire heated by power source and a reinforcing bar arranged above or below the heating wire are included in the concrete pouring layer.

The positive pressure cultivation of mushrooms for reducing the occurrence of blue mold of the present invention can reduce the possibility of contamination of the cultivation room by separating the preparation room and the cultivation room, and precisely control the temperature and humidity to suppress the occurrence of green mold.

In addition, according to the present invention, by maintaining the cultivation house at a positive pressure of 10 Pa or more, it is possible to block the introduction of external pollutants into the cultivation house.

1 is a perspective view showing the structure of a positive-pressure mushroom cultivation for reducing the occurrence of blue mold according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a plan view as viewed from the top of the positive pressure cultivation of mushrooms for reducing the occurrence of blue mold according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a view for showing the air circulation structure of the cultivation chamber by the seed-shaped circulation device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a view for showing the structure of a humidity control device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a side view of a humidity control device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a view showing a location where a heat transfer structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention is installed.
7 is a cross-sectional view of a heat transfer structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

Mushroom industry is a device industry, and there are difficulties for farmers due to the large initial investment cost, and in addition, damage from diseases and pests is also acting as an obstacle to industrial revitalization. In particular, in the case of pests and pests, it has a high-risk, high-yield industrial type in which all cultivators suffer a blow to the extent that they have to give up farming in the case of delay in preliminary and initial response.

Mushroom cultivation goes through the stages of mixing, sterilization, cooling, inoculation, cultivation, cultivation, and harvesting, and in this process, it is easy to be contaminated with fungal pathogens, among which blue mold spores are spread by mushroom flies. Blue fungi are spores flying around our real life, and countermeasures are recommended for sterilization of acid fungicides, but this is not suitable for the changes in the era of eco-friendly and organic products.

These blue molds have a low-humidity section in which the behavior of blue mold pathogens disappears depending on the humidity. Accordingly, it is possible to take measures against mold contamination by maintaining the corresponding humidity section.

The present invention relates to a positive-pressure cultivation of mushrooms, particularly medicinal mushrooms, which is easy to cultivate by suppressing the occurrence of blue fungi by controlling the internal environment, and external contaminants are transferred to the inside by maintaining the inside of the cultivation house at positive pressure. It is possible to prevent the occurrence of blue mold by blocking the inflow and precisely controlling the temperature and humidity.

Hereinafter, it will be described in detail with respect to the positive pressure cultivation of mushrooms, particularly medicinal mushrooms, reducing the occurrence of blue mold according to each embodiment of the present invention.

Embodiment 1

As shown in Figs. 1 to 3, the positive pressure cultivation of mushrooms for reducing the occurrence of blue mold according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a main body 100 in which the inner space is divided into a preparation room 101 and a cultivation room 102. Make it the basic configuration. A door (not shown) is installed between the space of the preparation room 101 and the space of the cultivation room 102. This is described in detail in the third embodiment, and the description thereof will be omitted. Other configurations are installed outside the main body 100 and in the preparation room 101 and the cultivation room 102. The main body 100 is modular in the form of a container and can be expanded if necessary. 1 to 3, the outer wall has been removed to show the internal structure of the main body.

First, as shown in FIG. 1, a basic water tank 110 for storing cooling and heating water, four distilled water water tanks 120 for humidifying the inside of the cultivation room 102, and cooling water on the upper part of the main body 100 For the cooler 130 is installed.

A cooling water tank 210 receiving water from the basic water tank 110 is installed in the preparation room 101. The water stored in the cooling water tank 210 becomes cold water by the cooler 130 and circulates through the cooling water tank 210 and the cooler 130.

In addition, a heating water tank 220 that receives water from the basic water tank 110 is installed in the preparation room 101. A heater is installed in the heating tank 220 so that hot water is stored in the heating tank 220.

In addition, a fan coil unit 230 for blowing cold or hot air is installed in the preparation chamber 101 as cold water or hot water passes by the operation of the valve.

In addition, devices necessary for management of mushroom cultivation, such as various control devices, may be installed in the preparation room 101.

In the cultivation room 102, a cultivation table for growing mushrooms is installed. In the drawings, not shown separately in order to clearly show other configurations of the present invention.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, a blower pipe 310 connected to the fan coil unit 230 is installed on the bottom of the cultivation room 102. Accordingly, cold or warm air is discharged to the cultivation chamber 102 through the blower pipe 310. In this way, the temperature of the cultivation chamber 102 may be controlled by discharging cold or warm air to the cultivation chamber 102 through the blower pipe 310. A thermometer for measuring the internal temperature is installed in the cultivation room 102. In the present invention, the temperature of the cultivation chamber 102 is maintained at 20 ~ 30 ℃.

In addition, an exhaust port (not shown) through which internal air is discharged to the outside is formed in the cultivation chamber 102, and a check valve (not shown) is installed in the exhaust port to block the inflow of external air into the cultivation chamber 102. In the embodiment of the present invention, the location of the exhaust port is not specified, and may be installed in an appropriate position above the cultivation chamber 102.

As described above, cold air and hot air are selectively supplied to the cultivation chamber 102 through the blowing pipe 310, thereby increasing the internal pressure. Accordingly, the internal pressure of the cultivation chamber 102 is maintained at a positive pressure higher than the external pressure. In addition, internal air is discharged to the outside through the exhaust port due to the difference in pressure between the inside and the outside of the cultivation chamber 102. Since the internal pressure of the cultivation chamber 102 is maintained at a positive pressure, outside air cannot be introduced into the cultivation chamber 102 except for a gap (gap) created around the door and the door, and when entering through the door. Through this, it is possible to block the introduction of blue mold pathogens. In the embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable that the internal pressure of the cultivation chamber 12 is maintained at 10Pa or more. If the internal pressure of the cultivation chamber 102 decreases and the pressure becomes negative, external air does not flow into the cultivation chamber 102 because the exhaust port is blocked by a check valve installed in the exhaust port.

And in the cultivation room 102, a C-type circulation device 320 is installed. Specifically, the seed-shaped circulation device 320 is installed on both side walls of the cultivation chamber 102, and includes a fan to suck the air above the cultivation chamber 102 and discharge it to the bottom of the cultivation chamber 102, so that the cultivation chamber 102 Circulate the internal air. Accordingly, it is possible to minimize the temperature and humidity deviation of the air according to the internal position of the cultivation chamber 102.

The humidity control device 330 controls the humidity of the cultivation chamber 102 as a humidifier. In the first embodiment of the present invention, the humidity control device 330 is installed at the left, right and center positions of the cultivation chamber 102, respectively, as shown in FIG. 2, and receives distilled water through the distilled water bottle 120. . In addition, in order to accurately measure the humidity inside the cultivation room 102, the cultivation room 102 is measured at 30 places of the cultivation room 102 by applying a multi-point measurement system. The humidity inside the cultivation chamber 102 is maintained at 70 to 90% RH by the humidifier 332.

In addition, a UV lamp (not shown) is installed above the cultivation chamber 102.

Meanwhile, the temperature, humidity, and pressure measured in the cultivation room 102 may be transmitted to the manager in real time by the communication module.

Embodiment 2

The positive pressure cultivation of mushrooms for reducing the occurrence of blue mold according to the second embodiment of the present invention is the same as that of the first embodiment except for the humidity control device. Therefore, a description of the remaining components other than the humidity control device 330 will be omitted.

In the humidity control device 330 according to the second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 4 to 5, air containing moisture is supplied through the duct 331, and the cultivation chamber is moved and rotated while the nozzle is moved and rotated. (102) By supplying humidified air to the whole, it is possible to accurately and precisely control the humidity by minimizing the humidity deviation according to the location of the cultivation chamber (102).

Specifically, the duct 331 is formed long along the longitudinal direction of the cultivation chamber 102 at the top of the cultivation chamber 102 in a form with the lower part open, and is connected to the humidifier 332 to supply humidified air to the duct 331 do. In addition, a sliding panel 333 is slidably installed under the duct 331. A plurality of connectors are formed on the sliding panel 333, and a rotation nozzle 340 is coupled to the connector.

The rotating nozzle 340 includes a connecting portion 341 coupled to a connector, a rotating portion 342 rotatably coupled to the connecting portion 341 and a nozzle portion 344 protruding from the rotating portion 342 as shown in FIG. 5. Done. The connection part 341, the rotation part 342, and the nozzle part 344 are all hollow and serve as a passage through which humidified air moves. And a pinion gear 343 is mounted on the outside of the rotating part 342. The pinion gear 343 is engaged with the rack gear 350 installed on the cultivation chamber 102 and rotates when the rotating nozzle 340 moves. That is, while the rotation unit 342 and the nozzle unit 344 rotate, humidified air is discharged through the nozzle unit 344.

And, as shown in FIG. 4, a drive roller 345 is installed at one end of the duct 331, and a support roller 346 is installed at the other end. The belt 347 has both ends connected to both ends of the sliding panel 333 and is supported by the driving roller 345 and the support roller 346. Accordingly, when the driving roller 345 is rotated by the motor, the belt 347 may move the sliding panel 333 in the front and rear directions.

In the humidity control device 330 having the above-described configuration, the sliding panel 333 and the belt 347 block the lower portion of the duct 331 so that humidified air is supplied from the humidifier 332 to the duct 331, and the duct ( The humidified air supplied to 331 is discharged to the cultivation chamber 102 through the rotary nozzle 340.

Embodiment 3

The basic configuration of the positive-pressure mushroom cultivation sand for reducing the occurrence of green mold according to the third embodiment is the same as in the first embodiment. However, in the third embodiment, a heat transfer structure is added to the floor between the preparation room 101 and the cultivation room 102.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, a door (not shown) for access is installed between the preparation room 101 and the cultivation room 102, and a predetermined space under the door is provided as a separate partitioned space (A). . In addition, as shown in FIG. 7, a sponge 410 made of an elastic material is provided on the inner wall of the space provided separately. The sponge 410 made of an elastic material is fixed to the inner wall of the space by means of adhesion or adhesion. Then, a microporous sheet 420, for example, a vinyl is covered on the floor of the space. This microporous sheet 420 prevents moisture from the ground between the preparation chamber 101 and the cultivation chamber 102 from flowing into the cultivation chamber 102.

Thereafter, an insulating material layer 430 is installed on the top covered with vinyl. The insulating material itself is widely known in the art, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted. This can be used by selecting an appropriate insulating material according to the purpose.

In addition, a microporous sheet 420 such as vinyl is laid on the top of the insulating layer, and a heating wire 442 is placed together with the reinforcing bars 441 placed thereon to pour concrete 440.

When the concrete 440 is poured and solidified, it is on the sponge 410 made of elastic material, that is, in the gap between the concrete 440 layer in which the heating wire 442 is buried and the floor of the preparation room 101 and the cultivation room 102 Apply silicone around the perimeter.

When the silicone work is completed, the final work is finished by coating the entire surface with foamable urethane on it.

The heating wire 442 is installed to be operated only when the door is opened. The heating wire 442 is operated to be maintained at a temperature of 20 ~ 30 ℃ of the cultivation chamber (102). The partitioned floor surface is heated by heat generation of the heating wire 442 according to the opening of the door, and the temperature change of the cultivation chamber 102 is minimized by overcoming the temperature difference between the cultivation chamber 102 and the preparation chamber 101 by this heating. can do.

A door for access is installed between the preparation room 101 and the cultivation room 102, and an insulation layer 430 and a concrete 440 pour layer are sequentially formed on the lower floor of the door, and the concrete 440 The inside of the pouring layer includes a heating wire 442 that is heated by a power source and a reinforcing bar 441 disposed above or below the heating wire 442.

The positive pressure cultivation of mushrooms for reducing the occurrence of green mold according to the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be performed by various modifications within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention.

100: main body,
101: preparation room, 102: cultivation room,
110: basic water bottle, 120: distilled water bottle, 130: cooler,
210: cooling water tank, 220: heating water tank, 230: fin coil unit,
310: blower pipe, 320: seed-shaped circulation device, 330: humidity control device,
331: duct, 332: humidifier, 333: sliding panel,
340: rotating nozzle, 341: connecting part, 342: rotating part, 343: pinion gear,
344: nozzle part, 345: drive roller, 346: support roller,
347: belt, 350: rack gear,
410: sponge, 420: microporous sheet, 430: insulation layer,
440: concrete, 441: rebar, 442: heated wire,

Claims (3)

A main body divided into a preparation room in which a cooling water tank and a heating water tank are installed and a cultivation room in which a cultivation table is installed;
A blower pipe installed on the bottom of the cultivation room and selectively discharges cold air cooled by cold water stored in the cooling water tank and hot air heated by the hot water stored in the heating water tank to control the temperature of the cultivation room;
An exhaust port installed in the cultivation room to discharge air inside the cultivation room to the outside;
A check valve installed at the exhaust port to block external air from flowing into the cultivation chamber;
A C-type circulation device installed on both side walls of the cultivation chamber and suctioning the air above the cultivation chamber and discharging it to a lower portion of the cultivation chamber;
A plurality of humidity control devices for adjusting the humidity of the cultivation room; And
It includes a UV lamp installed on the upper part of the cultivation room,
A door for access is installed between the preparation room and the cultivation room,
The inside of the cultivation room is maintained at a pressure of 10Pa or more, a temperature of 20 to 30°C, and a humidity of 70 to 90%RH. The method according to claim 1,
The humidity control device,
A humidifier that supplies air containing moisture,
A duct installed above the cultivation chamber and serving as a passage for air supplied from the humidifier;
A sliding panel movably installed under the duct,
A rotating nozzle rotatably installed on the sliding panel to discharge air containing moisture to the cultivation chamber;
A driving roller installed at either end of the duct,
A support roller installed at the other end of the duct,
A belt that is supported by the driving roller and the support roller, and has both ends connected to both ends of the sliding panel to move the sliding panel by the operation of the driving roller;
It is installed on the top of the cultivation chamber, characterized in that consisting of a rack gear that rotates the rotating nozzle when the sliding panel moves in contact with the rotating nozzle, reducing the occurrence of green mold mushroom positive pressure cultivation. The method according to claim 1,
An insulating material layer and a concrete pouring layer are sequentially formed on the lower floor of the door,
A positive pressure cultivation of mushrooms with reduced blue mold generation, characterized in that the inside of the concrete pouring layer includes a heating wire heated by a power source and a reinforcing bar arranged above or below the heating wire.

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