KR102198908B1 - A tunnel support and method constructing the tunnel support - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a tunnel support material and a tunnel support material construction method using the same. The disclosed tunnel support member is a tunnel support member disposed along a tunnel excavation surface to support a ground load, wherein the tunnel support member faces the tunnel excavation surface and has an arcuate or streamlined structure in a longitudinal direction, and a longitudinal direction of the flange A fixing means comprising a web formed along the flange and vertically coupled to the flange, and comprising a fixing hole from which the web and a part of the flange are removed at predetermined intervals along the tunnel support member, and a fixing part fastened to the fixing hole, and the It is characterized in that the first and second alignment portions for connecting two different tunnel support members are formed at one end and the other end of the tunnel support member.
The tunnel support material and the tunnel support material construction method using the same according to the present invention has the effect of disposing a plurality of fixing means on the support material so that the support material can be completely installed in close contact with the excavation surface inside the membrane.

Description

Tunnel support and tunnel support construction method using the same {A TUNNEL SUPPORT AND METHOD CONSTRUCTING THE TUNNEL SUPPORT}

The present invention relates to a tunnel support material used in a tunnel reinforcement method and a tunnel support material construction method using the same, and more specifically, the support material is uniformly filled with shotcrete when placing shotcrete while reinforcing the bonding strength between the excavation inner surface formed after tunnel excavation and the support material. It relates to a tunnel support material and a tunnel support material construction method using the same.

When performing a tunnel excavation construction, the tunnel is excavated and supports are installed to prevent the sinking of the ground and the fall of the rock mass. The support material effectively supports the acupressure generated around the tunnel, and a conventional lattice support material or a support material having an H-shaped cross section is used. These support materials are installed in parallel with the casting work such as rock bolt, wire mesh, and shotcrete for the installation of arched support holes during tunnel construction in the NATM (New Austrian Turnnelling Method) method.

1 is a cross-sectional view of a tunnel generally constructed by shotcrete and a support material, and FIG. 2 is a view showing a structure of a region in which a support material is installed.

Referring to FIG. 1, in general, when looking at the construction sequence of the tunnel 100, first, a curtain is formed in the direction of tunnel progress using a method such as blasting.

Since such a curtain is artificially formed, there is a risk of collapse due to the relaxation of the curtain 101. Therefore, in order to prevent such a risk of collapse, a support member 120 is installed on the inner excavation surface 112 of the curtain 101, consisting of a'H' section steel or a reinforcing bar frame bound in a triangular cross-section.

As shown in FIG. 1, it can be seen that the support member 120 is installed to support the inner excavation surface 112 of the makjang 101. According to the size of the tunnel 100, a plurality of support members 120 are disposed along the inner excavation surface 112 at one lower end of the tunnel 100. In addition, these support members 120 are disposed at predetermined intervals along the traveling direction of the tunnel.

As described above, when the support material 120 is installed, shotcrete 130 is poured. More specifically, before installing the support member 120, the primary shotcrete is poured along the inner excavation surface 112 of the curtain 101, and the support member 120 is installed along the inner excavation surface 112 where the shotcrete is placed. If so, pour the second shotcrete again. Shotcrete pouring may be repeated several times in some cases, and shotcrete is poured until the generally installed support member 120 is not exposed to the outside.

Accordingly, the support member 120 serves as a support member supporting the ground load applied along the entire area of the excavation surface 112 inside the membrane.

When the casting of the shotcrete 130 is completed on the support material 120, a nonwoven fabric is installed and additionally concrete lining is performed to complete the support work of the excavation surface 112 inside the final tunnel.

However, in general, since the support member 120 uses a reinforcing bar frame (beam) of a'I' shape or a'H' shape, as shown in FIG. 2, the cavities C1 in the area adjacent to the support member 120 , C2) occurs.

That is, the support member 120 is composed of first and second flanges 120a and 120b, respectively, on the upper side and the lower side with the vertical web 120c interposed therebetween, between the web 120c and the second flange 120b. It can be seen that the first cavity C1 in which the shotcrete 130 is not completely poured occurs.

In addition, in general, since the tunnel 100 has a cylindrical structure and an elliptical cross section, the inner excavation surface 112 of the makjang 101 has a streamlined structure. However, the first and second flanges 120a and 120b of the support member 120 are formed in a direction perpendicular to the web 120c. That is, the first and second flanges 120a and 120b are formed in a horizontal direction parallel to each other with the web 120c interposed therebetween.

As shown in the drawing, a minute second cavity C2 may be generated between the upper side surface of the first flange 120a and the inner side excavation surface 112. Such a cavity may cause a risk of collapse of the wall because the support member 120 is completely in close contact with the inner excavation surface 112 and does not support the ground load.

Registered Patent Publication No. 10-1385971

An object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel support material and a tunnel support material construction method using the same so that a plurality of fixing means are disposed on the support material so that the support material can be completely installed in close contact with the excavation surface inside the curtain.

In addition, it is an object of the present invention to form a structure having a predetermined curvature on the flange in contact with the inner excavation surface of the membrane so that the flange of the support material is completely in contact with the inner excavation surface of a streamlined structure, and a tunnel support material construction method using the same To provide.

In addition, an object of the present invention is a tunnel support material that prevents the amount of shotcrete poured at the intersection point of the flange and the web from being reduced by forming the inner edge region where the flange of the support member and the web meet to have a predetermined curvature, and It is to provide a tunnel support construction method using this.

In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel support member that prevents the support members from shifting from each other when connecting a plurality of support members by forming an alignment part on one side and the other side of the support member, and a tunnel support member construction method using the same.

In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel support material in which a plurality of uneven patterns are formed on the inside of the flange of the support material and around the web to enhance the bonding strength between the cast shotcrete and the support material, and a tunnel support material construction method using the same.

In the tunnel support member of the present invention for solving the above problems, in the tunnel support member disposed along the tunnel excavation surface to support a ground load, the tunnel support member faces the tunnel excavation surface and has an arcuate or streamlined structure in a long direction. A flange having a, and a web formed along the longitudinal direction of the flange and vertically coupled to the flange, and fastened to the fixing hole and the fixing hole from which the web and a part of the flange are removed at predetermined intervals along the tunnel support member It characterized in that the fixing means consisting of a fixed part and the first and second alignment parts for connecting two different tunnel support members to one end and the other end of the tunnel support member, respectively.

Here, the flange has a streamlined structure having a first curvature in a vertical direction in which the web is arranged based on a unidirectional direction perpendicular to the long direction, and has a second curvature inside the flange and the web crossing, and the fixing The means includes a plurality of threads formed inside the fixing hole from which the web of the tunnel support member and a part of the flange are removed, and a plurality of threads are formed around the outside of the fixing part, so that the fixing part penetrates the fixing hole and the tunnel outside the flange It characterized in that it is combined with the excavation surface.

In addition, the first alignment portion and the second alignment portion are formed in a relative coupling structure that can be coupled to each other, the first alignment portion formed on the tunnel support member is coupled to the second alignment portion formed on another tunnel support member, and the tunnel The second alignment portion formed on the support member is coupled to the first alignment portion formed on another tunnel support member, and the first alignment portion and the second alignment portion are formed in any one of an uneven structure, a screwed structure, and a streamlined structure. It is formed on the flange cross-section and the web cross-section of the tunnel support member, characterized in that a plurality of concave-convex patterns are formed on the flange and the web surface of the tunnel support member to reinforce the bonding force with the shotcrete to be poured.

In addition, the flange and the web may have a T-shaped cross-sectional structure, and the web may have a first guide portion protruding in a horizontal direction with the flange at the other end where the flange is not disposed.

In addition, the web may include one or more first shotcrete coupling holes.

In addition, the tunnel support construction method according to the present invention includes a flange facing the tunnel excavation surface and having an arcuate or streamlined structure in a longitudinal direction and a web formed along the longitudinal direction of the flange and vertically coupled to the flange, A fixing means consisting of a fixing hole from which a part of the web and flange has been removed at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction of the support member, and a fixing part fastened to the fixing hole, and two tunnel support members different from each other at one end and the other end of the tunnel support member. A tunnel support material construction method for constructing a tunnel support material in which first and second alignment units are formed for connecting, the method comprising: arranging the tunnel support material along a tunnel excavation surface; Fixing the tunnel support material to the tunnel excavation surface; And it may include the step of pouring shotcrete.

In addition, the step of arranging the tunnel support member along the tunnel excavation surface may include: arranging a first tunnel support member; Arranging a second tunnel support member; And fixing the first tunnel support member and the second tunnel support member to each other, wherein the fixing of the first tunnel support member and the second tunnel support member to each other comprises: a web of the first tunnel support member and the second tunnel support member. 2 A metal plate is arranged by overlapping the web of the tunnel support material, and the area where the web of the first tunnel support material and the metal plate overlap is fixed using a first rock bolt, and the web of the second tunnel support material using a second rock bolt. And the overlapped region of the metal plate may be fixed.

The tunnel support material and the tunnel support material construction method using the same according to the present invention has the effect of disposing a plurality of fixing means on the support material so that the support material can be completely installed in close contact with the excavation surface inside the membrane.

In addition, the tunnel support material and the tunnel support material construction method using the same according to the present invention are formed in a structure having a predetermined curvature not only in the long direction but also in the unidirectional direction on the flange in contact with the excavation surface inside the membrane, There is an effect that the flange of the is completely contacted.

In addition, the tunnel support material and the tunnel support material construction method using the same according to the present invention, by forming the inner edge area where the flange of the support material and the web meet to have a predetermined curvature, the shotcrete poured at the intersection point of the flange and the web during shotcrete casting. It has the effect of preventing the amount from decreasing.

In addition, the tunnel support material and the tunnel support material construction method using the same according to the present invention have an effect of preventing the support members from shifting from each other when connecting a plurality of support members by forming an alignment part on one side and the other side of the support material.

In addition, the tunnel support material and the tunnel support material construction method using the same according to the present invention has the effect of strengthening the bonding force between the cast shotcrete and the support material by forming a plurality of uneven patterns on the inside of the flange of the support material and around the web.

1 is a cross-sectional view of a tunnel generally constructed by shotcrete and support material.
2 is a diagram showing the structure of an area in which a support member is installed.
3 is a perspective view showing the structure of the tunnel support according to the present invention.
4 and 5 are cross-sectional views taken along lines I-I' and II-II' of FIG. 3.
6 is a view showing a state in which the tunnel support member of the present invention is coupled by a first alignment unit and a second alignment unit.
7 is a view showing a state in which the tunnel support members according to the present invention are combined with each other.
8 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which shotcrete is poured into a tunnel support according to the present invention.
9 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which shotcrete is poured into a tunnel support material according to another embodiment of the present invention.
10 to 13 are cross-sectional views of a tunnel support member according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Advantages and features of the present invention, and a method of achieving them will become apparent with reference to the embodiments described below in detail together with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below, but will be implemented in various forms different from each other, and only these embodiments make the disclosure of the present invention complete, and common knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention pertains. It is provided to completely inform the scope of the invention to those who have it, and the invention is only defined by the scope of the claims.

The shapes, sizes, ratios, angles, numbers, etc. disclosed in the drawings for explaining the embodiments of the present invention are exemplary, and the present invention is not limited to the illustrated matters. The same reference numerals refer to the same components throughout the specification. In addition, in describing the present invention, when it is determined that a detailed description of related known technologies may unnecessarily obscure the subject matter of the present invention, the detailed description thereof will be omitted.

When'include','have','consists of' and the like mentioned in the present specification are used, other parts may be added unless'only' is used. In the case of expressing the constituent elements in the singular, it includes the case of including the plural unless specifically stated otherwise.

In interpreting the constituent elements, it is interpreted as including an error range even if there is no explicit description.

In the case of a description of the positional relationship, for example, if the positional relationship of two parts is described as'upper','upper of','lower of','next to','right' Or, unless'direct' is used, one or more other parts may be located between the two parts.

In the case of a description of a temporal relationship, for example,'after','following','after','before', etc. It may also include cases that are not continuous unless' is used.

First, second, etc. are used to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one component from another component. Accordingly, the first component mentioned below may be a second component within the technical idea of the present invention.

Each of the features of the various embodiments of the present invention can be partially or entirely combined or combined with each other, technically various interlocking and driving are possible, and each of the embodiments can be implemented independently of each other or can be implemented together in a related relationship. May be.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In addition, in the drawings, the size and thickness of the device may be exaggerated for convenience. The same reference numbers throughout the specification denote the same elements.

3 is a perspective view showing the structure of the tunnel support according to the present invention.

As shown in Fig. 3, the tunnel support 200 of the present invention has an arcuate structure so that it can be installed along the excavation surface inside the curtain during tunnel construction. In more detail, the tunnel support member 200 includes one flange 201 and a web 220 formed perpendicular to the flange 201. Therefore, it can have a'T'-shaped cross-sectional structure.

The flange 201 is disposed to face the tunnel excavation surface, and is formed in an arcuate or streamlined (curved) shape along an elliptical curved surface. Accordingly, the flange 201 is formed in a rectangular shape (beam structure) so as to be in close contact with the tunnel excavation surface to support the ground load and may have a predetermined width. The web 220 is formed in a direction perpendicular to an inner surface opposite to the outer surface of the flange 201 facing the tunnel excavation surface.

In addition, since the web 220 is formed along the longitudinal direction of the flange 201, the lateral direction of the web 220 is formed in an arcuate or streamlined (curved) shape. In the present invention, fixing means are formed at predetermined intervals in order to strengthen the bonding force between the tunnel support member 200 and the excavation surface inside the curtain. The fixing means will be described in more detail below in FIG. 5.

Accordingly, the flange 201 and the web 220 may be integrally formed or formed in a separate structure and then combined and used. The tunnel support 200 has an arcuate or curved (streamlined) structure because it serves to support the ground load by being installed along the excavation surface inside the curtain.

In addition, in the tunnel support member 200 of the present invention, fixing means 232 are disposed at predetermined intervals along the vertical web 220. The fixing means 232 is inserted into the through hole 231 from which a part of the web 220 and a part of the flange 201 are removed, and the through hole 231 is inserted into the inner excavation surface in contact with the flange 201 It includes a fixing portion 230 that can be coupled.

In addition, the tunnel support member 200 of the present invention includes first and second alignment portions 210a and 210b in one and the other edge regions. The first alignment part 210a may be formed in a structure in which a part of the first alignment part 210a is protruded or recessed. For example, the first alignment part 210a may be formed in various shapes such as an uneven structure, a threaded structure, a streamlined structure, and a circular structure.

The second alignment part 210b may be formed in a structure in which a part of the second alignment part 210b is protruded or recessed, and may be formed in a structure relative to the structure of the first alignment part 210a. For example, when the first alignment portion 210a has a protruding shape, the second alignment portion 210b may be formed in a concave structure capable of being combined with the first alignment portion 210a.

Therefore, when the tunnel support member 200 of the present invention is installed by combining two or more tunnel support members 200, the first alignment unit 210a and the second alignment unit 210b are primarily coupled to each other. . As described above, when the two or more support members 200 are coupled to each other by the alignment portions 210a and 210b, the two tunnel support members 200 are more firmly coupled using a coupling means.

The flange 201 of the tunnel support member 200 of the present invention may be formed in a streamlined shape having a predetermined curvature. This is to prevent the occurrence of a case where the tunnel support member 200 does not completely contact the inner excavation surface because the inner excavation surface has an arcuate, elliptical cross-sectional structure and the surface is not a perfectly horizontal surface.

Accordingly, in the tunnel support member 200 of the present invention, the flange 201 is in close contact along the arcuate or streamlined inner excavation surface to support the ground load to the maximum, thereby reducing the risk of collapse.

4 and 5 are cross-sectional views taken along lines Ⅰ-Ⅰ' and Ⅱ-Ⅱ' of Fig. 3, and Fig. 6 shows a state in which the tunnel support member of the present invention is coupled by the first and second alignment units. It is a drawing, and FIG. 7 is a view showing a state in which the tunnel support members according to the present invention are combined with each other.

4 to 7 shown together with FIG. 3, the tunnel support member 200 of the present invention has a flange 201 and a web 220 having a'T'-shaped cross-sectional structure. Based on the horizontal reference line HL, the outer surface of the flange 201 is formed in a streamlined structure having a predetermined first curvature R1, so that the entire area may be in close contact with the excavation surface inside the film.

The tunnel support member 200 has an arcuate or streamlined structure in the long direction (beam direction), but has a first curvature R1 based on a unidirectional direction perpendicular to the long direction. Accordingly, both edges of the flange 201 around the web 220 are bent in a vertical direction in which the web 220 is located. That is, the flange 201 has an arcuate or streamlined structure even in one direction.

In addition, the web 220 is formed in the vertical reference line (VL) direction based on the center of the flange 201, and the inner surface where the web 220 and the flange 201 cross is a predetermined second curvature It has (R2). That is, the edge of the web 220 is connected to the inner side of the flange 201 along the second curvature R2, so that when shotcrete is poured, the shotcrete is sufficiently filled along the second curvature R2 so that the tunnel support material 200 It can prevent less shotcrete from being poured than other areas of

In addition, the tunnel support member 200 of the present invention has a flange 201 formed only at one end of the vertical web 220, so that the shotcrete poured from the other end of the web 220 remains the web 220 and the flange 201 ), it is possible to remove the cavities inside the support material that were frequently occurring in the past.

In addition, referring to FIG. 5, the tunnel support member 200 of the present invention has fixing means 232 formed at predetermined intervals along the web 220, so that only by the elastic force of the tunnel support member 200, the inner surface of the tunnel support member 200 Do not install. That is, after the tunnel support 200 is installed along the inner surface of the makjang excavation, the tunnel support 200 is coupled to the inner surface of the excavation by the coupling force of the fixing means 232.

As shown in the drawing, in the region where the fixing means 232 is located, a fixing hole 231 from which a part of the web 220 and the flange 201 has been removed is formed, and a plurality of fixing holes 231 are formed along the fixing hole 231. The thread is formed. A fixing part 230 is fastened to the fixing hole 231, and the fixing part 230 penetrates through the fixing hole 231 and is inserted and fixed to a certain depth of the inner side of the excavation.

For example, if shotcrete is poured on the inner side of a film excavation before the tunnel support 200 is installed, a shotcrete layer may be formed on the inner side of the excavation. Accordingly, the fixing part 230 of the fixing means 232 penetrates the shotcrete layer so that the inner surface of the makjang excavation is inserted to a predetermined depth.

Accordingly, the flange 201 of the tunnel support member 200 can maintain a strong coupling force with the inner surface of the excavation by the plurality of fixing means 232 disposed on the tunnel support member 200.

In addition, when the tunnel support member 200 of the present invention is installed by connecting a plurality of tunnel support members, in order to prevent misalignment between the tunnel support members, the first and second alignment units ( 210a, 210b) is formed.

As described above, the tunnel support member according to the present invention has the effect of disposing a plurality of fixing means on the support member so that the support member can be completely installed in close contact with the excavation surface inside the curtain.

In addition, the tunnel support material according to the present invention is formed in a structure having a predetermined curvature not only in the longitudinal direction but also in the unidirectional direction on the flange in contact with the inner excavation surface of the curtain so that the flange of the support material is completely in contact with the inner excavation surface of the streamlined structure. It works.

In addition, the tunnel support material according to the present invention has the effect of preventing reduction of the amount of shotcrete poured at the intersection point of the flange and the web when casting shotcrete by forming the inner edge region where the flange of the support material and the web meet to have a predetermined curvature. There is.

In addition, the tunnel support member according to the present invention has an effect of preventing the support members from shifting from each other when connecting a plurality of support members by forming alignment portions on one side and the other side of the support member, respectively.

Referring to FIG. 6, a second alignment portion 210b is formed at a rear end of the first tunnel support member 200a, and a first alignment portion 210a is formed at a front end of the second tunnel support member 200b. That is, when the first alignment portion 210a of the second tunnel support member 200b and the second alignment portion 210b of the first tunnel support member 200a are coupled to each other, the two tunnel support members 200a and 200b are connected to each other. Misalignment (misalignment) prevents problems.

As shown in the drawing, the first and second alignment portions 210a and 210b are formed in a region of the flange 201 of the tunnel support member. However, this is not a fixed design structure. Therefore, means for preventing misalignment when connecting the tunnel support members may be formed on the web of the tunnel support member, and in some cases, may be formed on both the flange and the web.

In this way, when the two tunnel support members 200a and 200b are primarily connected by the first and second alignment units 210a and 210b, as shown in FIG. 7, using the connection means 240 The two tunnel support members 200a and 200b are connected. 7 is a diagram illustrating a connection relationship between the first and second alignment portions 210a and 210b of the two tunnel support members 200a and 200b and the connection means 240. That is, the two tunnel support members 200a and 200b of FIG. 7 have an arcuate or streamlined structure in the long direction (beam direction), and the first curvature R1 is based on a unidirectional vertical direction. ) Can be formed.

The connecting means 240 may be configured using a metal plate 241 and a rock bolt 242 as shown in the drawing, but this is not fixed. Accordingly, various connecting means capable of connecting and fixing the two metal beams (tunnel support) to each other can be applied.

In addition, in the drawing, the connecting means 240 is disposed so as to intersect on the web 220 of the first tunnel support member 200a and the web 220 of the second tunnel support member 200b, but this is a fixed design structure. no. Therefore, the connecting means 240 completely surrounds the web 220 and the first and second alignment portions 210a and 210b along the region where the first tunnel support member 200a and the second tunnel support member 200b are connected. Can be arranged to

8 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which shotcrete is poured into a tunnel support according to the present invention, and FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which shotcrete is poured into a tunnel support according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIGS. 8 and 9 along with FIG. 3, the tunnel support member 200 of the present invention has a flange 201 formed to have a predetermined curvature even in a unidirectional direction, so that the excavation surface 112 inside the edge of the curtain 101 ) Along the outer surface of the flange 201 is located.

As shown in Fig. 8, the structure of the makjang has an arcuate or elliptical cross-sectional structure, and the inner side surface 112 of the makjang excavation is not a completely horizontal plane because it proceeds in a specific direction by excavation.

The tunnel support member 200 has an arcuate or streamlined structure in a longitudinal direction, and the flange 201 has an arcuate or streamlined structure that is curved in a vertical direction even with a unidirectional perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.

Therefore, when looking at the contact area between the flange 201 of the tunnel support member 200 of the present invention and the inner surface 112 of the excavation, it can be seen that unlike the prior art, a gap is not formed.

Accordingly, the flange 201 of the tunnel support member 200 of the present invention can support the ground load of the membrane 101 in all areas.

In addition, the web 220 of the tunnel support member 200 of the present invention has a flange 201 connected to only one side, so that a cavity is not formed between the flange 201 and the web 220 when casting shotcrete. That is, the poured shotcrete is supplied to the inner surface of the flange 201 and the web 220 so that the shotcrete is filled in the inner surface of the web 220 and the flange 201.

As shown in the drawing, the tunnel support member 200 of the present invention has a predetermined curvature R2 between the web 220 and the flange 201 (area B), so the edge and the flange of the web 220 (201) Shotcrete is sufficiently filled along the inner side to prevent imbalance of shotcrete in a specific area of the supporting material.

In addition, since the web 220 of the tunnel support member 200 of the present invention has a flange 201 formed only at one end, it is possible to prevent a cavitation in region C, which has occurred in the conventional'H' shape support member.

As a tunnel support material 200 according to another embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of uneven patterns around the circumference of the web 220 and the flange 201 in order to reinforce the bonding force between the tunnel reinforcement 200 and the shotcrete to be poured ( 310) can be placed. As an example, referring to FIG. 9, in the tunnel support member 200 according to another embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of uneven patterns 310 are formed on the circumference of the web 220 and on the inner surface of the flange 201. As another example, when first shotcrete is poured on the inner excavation surface of a tunnel and a support material is installed on the inner excavation surface on which the first shotcrete is placed, and then the secondary shotcrete is poured, the bonding strength between the first shotcrete and the outer surface of the flange (2010) In order to reinforce the tunnel support member 200 according to another embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of uneven patterns may be disposed around the circumference of the web 220 and the inner and outer circumferences of the flange 201. Accordingly, the shotcrete is filled between the web 220 and the concave-convex pattern 310 formed on the flange 201, so that the bonding force between the tunnel support member 200 and the shotcrete can be strengthened. In this way, when the bonding force between the shotcrete and the tunnel support member 200 is strengthened, not only the support member may increase its support, but also moisture or air that may be transmitted from the ground may be blocked.

10 to 13 are cross-sectional views of a tunnel support member according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIGS. 10 to 13 together with FIGS. 3 and 4, when the tunnel support member 200 of the present invention has a'T' shape, the bonding force with shotcrete is weaker than that of the support member having a'H' cross section. Can be. In order to prevent this, as shown in FIG. 9, an uneven pattern 310 may be formed on the web 220 and the flange 201 of the tunnel support 200, but when forming a plurality of uneven patterns, the tensile force and elasticity of the support material itself This can be reduced.

To prevent this, it can be formed with a thicker metal beam, but in this case, there is a problem that the manufacturing cost increases.

In order to solve such a problem, in FIG. 10, a flange 201 may be formed at one end of the tunnel support 200 and a first guide 271 may be formed at the other end. The first guide part 271 may be formed in a structure protruding from the other end of the web 220 in a horizontal direction (one direction of the flange) with the flange 201.

The first guide portion 271 may be formed integrally with or separate from the web 220, and a distance protruding from the web 220 is smaller than a width of the flange 201 in one direction. More preferably, when the shotcrete is poured, it is set to a width in which a cavity does not occur inside the intersection of the first guide portion 271 and the web 220.

In this way, when the first guide portion 271 is formed on the tunnel support member 200 of the'T' shape, there is an advantage of reinforcing the bonding force with the shotcrete to be poured while preventing the occurrence of a cavity.

11 is a second guide portion 272 is formed on one side of the web 220 of the tunnel support member 200 of the present invention, but the second guide portion 272 is horizontal with the flange 201 based on the web 220 It is formed only in one direction. The width of the second guide part 272 is formed to be smaller than the one-side width of the flange 201, but when shotcrete is poured, a cavity does not occur inside the intersection of the second guide part 272 and the web 220. Set to width.

12 and 13, when two tunnel support members 200 of the present invention are connected to each other, a structure of an alignment portion formed on the tunnel support member 200 is illustrated.

In FIG. 12, the first tunnel support member 200a and the second tunnel support member 200b are connected by the first alignment unit 310a and the second alignment unit 310b. As described with reference to FIG. 3, in the tunnel support member 200 of the present invention, a first alignment portion 210a is formed at one end, and a second alignment portion 210b is formed at the other end.

The first alignment part 210a and the second alignment part 210b are formed in a structure relative to each other. When one of the alignment parts has a protruding structure, the other alignment part has a concave structure that can be combined with the protruding structure. Is formed.

As shown in FIG. 12, the rear end of the first tunnel support member 200a and the front end of the second tunnel support member 200b are coupled to each other by first and second alignment portions 310a and 310b. The second alignment portion 310b formed at the rear end of the first tunnel support member 200a is formed in a threaded structure, and the first alignment portion 310a formed at the front end of the second tunnel support member 200b is the second alignment portion. It is formed in a threaded structure that can be combined with (310b).

In FIG. 12, the first alignment portion 310a and the second alignment portion 310b are formed at both ends of the flange 201 and the web 220 of the tunnel support members 200a and 200b. Accordingly, in the first and second tunnel support members 200a and 200b according to the present invention, both the cross-section of the flange 201 and the cross-section of the web 220 are coupled to each other and fixed.

In FIG. 13, first and second alignment portions 410a and 410b having a streamlined structure are formed on the first tunnel support member 200a and the second tunnel support member 200b, respectively. As shown in the drawing, the second alignment portion 410b formed at the rear end of the first tunnel support member 200a has a streamlined structure recessed in one side flange 201, a streamlined structure protruding in the other side flange 201, and web 220 It includes a streamlined recessed structure in the direction perpendicular to the cross section.

Relatively, the first alignment portion 410a of the second tunnel support member 200a protrudes from one side of the flange 201 and has a streamlined structure, a streamlined structure recessed in the other flange 201, and a streamlined protrusion in the vertical direction of the cross section of the web 220 Includes structure.

As shown in FIG. 12, since the first alignment portion 410a and the second alignment portion 410b are coupled to each other, cross-sections of the two tunnel support members 200a and 200b do not deviate from each other. Since the first and second alignment units 410a and 410b are a pre-step of connection of the tunnel support material by the connection means described in FIG. 7, they function to precisely overlap the two different tunnel support members 200a and 200b rather than the coupling force. .

However, since the first alignment 410a and the second alignment 410b are coupled to each other, the bonding force in the vertical direction is weaker than that of the connecting means, but the bonding force in the horizontal direction has the bonding force of the connecting means.

As described above, the tunnel support member according to the present invention has the effect of disposing a plurality of fixing means on the support member so that the support member can be completely installed in close contact with the excavation surface inside the curtain.

In addition, the tunnel support material according to the present invention is formed in a structure having a predetermined curvature not only in the longitudinal direction but also in the unidirectional direction on the flange in contact with the inner excavation surface of the curtain so that the flange of the support material is completely in contact with the inner excavation surface of the streamlined structure. It works.

In addition, the tunnel support material according to the present invention has the effect of preventing the amount of shotcrete poured at the intersection of the flange and the web from decreasing by forming the inner edge region where the flange of the support material and the web meet to have a predetermined curvature. There is.

In addition, the tunnel support member according to the present invention has an effect of preventing the support members from shifting from each other when connecting a plurality of support members by forming alignment portions on one side and the other side of the support member, respectively.

In addition, the tunnel support member according to the present invention has the effect of strengthening the bonding force between the cast shotcrete and the support member by forming a plurality of uneven patterns on the inside of the flange of the support member and around the web.

The tunnel support member according to another embodiment of the present invention may further include a shotcrete coupling hole in the support member according to the embodiments of FIGS. 3 to 13. More specifically, the tunnel support material may have a first shotcrete coupling hole disposed in the web. The first shotcrete coupling hole allows the shotcrete to flow into the first shotcrete coupling hole when the shotcrete is poured after the tunnel support is disposed on the tunnel excavation surface, thereby increasing the bonding force between the shotcrete and the tunnel support. In addition, the first shotcrete coupling hole may prevent a cavity from occurring on one side of the web. That is, when a cavity is generated when shotcrete is not poured across the web at the time of shotcrete pouring, the first shotcrete coupling hole can remove the cavity by introducing the shotcrete to fill the cavity. One or more first shotcrete coupling holes may be disposed. In addition, when there are a plurality of first shotcrete coupling holes, the first shotcrete coupling holes may be arranged in an X-shape, Z-shape, or W-shape in order to increase the removal rate of the cavities by widening the inflow of shotcrete. In addition, the tunnel support material may have a second shotcrete coupling hole disposed in the flange. The second shotcrete coupling hole allows the shotcrete to flow into the second shotcrete coupling hole when the shotcrete is poured after the tunnel support is placed on the tunnel excavation surface, thereby increasing the bonding force between the shotcrete and the tunnel support. In addition, the second shotcrete coupling hole may prevent a cavity from occurring on one side of the flange boundary. That is, when a cavity is generated when shotcrete is not poured across the flange when the shotcrete is poured, the second shotcrete coupling hole can remove the cavity by introducing the shotcrete to fill the cavity. One or more second shotcrete coupling holes may be disposed. In addition, when there are a plurality of second shotcrete coupling holes, the second shotcrete coupling holes may be arranged in an X-shape, Z-shape, or W-shape in order to increase the removal rate of cavities by widening the inflow of shotcrete.

The tunnel support material construction method according to the present invention may use a support material according to the embodiment of FIGS. 3 to 13 and a support material according to an embodiment described without being shown. The tunnel support construction method according to the present invention may include arranging the tunnel support material along the tunnel excavation surface, fixing the tunnel support material to the tunnel excavation surface, and pouring shotcrete.

More specifically, the step of arranging the tunnel support member along the tunnel excavation surface includes arranging a first tunnel support member, arranging a second tunnel support member, and fixing the first tunnel support member and the second tunnel support member to each other. can do. In the step of arranging the first tunnel support member, the outer surface of the flange of the first tunnel support member may face the tunnel excavation surface. In the step of arranging the second tunnel support member, the first alignment portion disposed on one side of the first tunnel support member and the second tunnel support member disposed on one side of the second tunnel support member while the outer surface of the flange of the second tunnel support member faces the tunnel excavation surface. 2 Alignment parts can be combined with each other. The step of fixing the first tunnel support member and the second tunnel support member to each other is to arrange a metal plate by overlapping the web of the first tunnel support member and the web of the second tunnel support member, and use the first rock bolt to form the web and the metal plate of the first tunnel support member. The overlapped region may be fixed, and the overlapped region of the web of the second tunnel support member and the metal plate may be fixed using the second rock bolt.

In the step of fixing the tunnel support material to the tunnel excavation surface using a fixing means, when the tunnel support material is disposed along the tunnel excavation surface, the fixing part penetrates the fixing hole arranged in the web and flange of the support material, and the fixing part is combined with the tunnel excavation surface. The tunnel support material can be fixed to the tunnel excavation surface. The fixing means may include a fixing hole and a fixing part. Threads may be disposed on the inner circumferential surface of the fixing hole and the outer circumferential surface of the fixing portion. The fixing part may have a pointed shape so that one end that is coupled to the tunnel excavation surface can be easily coupled to the tunnel excavation surface.

The step of pouring shotcrete may include the step of pouring the first shotcrete or the step of pouring the second shotcrete. For example, in the case of pouring the primary shotcrete, the step of pouring shotcrete may be performed before the step of arranging the tunnel support member along the tunnel excavation surface and the step of fixing the tunnel support member to the tunnel excavation surface. That is, in the step of arranging the tunnel support material along the tunnel excavation surface, the tunnel support material may be disposed at the position where the primary shotcrete is placed on the tunnel excavation surface. The step of pouring the secondary shotcrete may be performed after the step of arranging the tunnel support member along the tunnel excavation surface and the step of fixing the tunnel support member to the tunnel excavation surface. As another example, the step of pouring the first shotcrete may be omitted and only the step of pouring the second shotcrete may be performed. In this case, the step of placing the secondary shotcrete may be performed after the step of arranging the tunnel support member along the tunnel excavation surface and the step of fixing the tunnel support member to the tunnel excavation surface.

As described above, the tunnel support construction method according to the present invention has the effect of disposing a plurality of fixing means on the support material so that the support material can be completely installed in close contact with the excavation surface inside the curtain.

In addition, in the tunnel support construction method according to the present invention, the flange of the support material completely contacts the inner excavation surface of the streamlined structure by forming a structure having a predetermined curvature not only in the long direction but also in the unidirectional direction on the flange in contact with the excavation surface inside the membrane. It works as far as possible.

In addition, the tunnel support construction method according to the present invention prevents a decrease in the amount of shotcrete poured at the intersection of the flange and the web by forming the inner edge region where the flange of the support member and the web meet to have a predetermined curvature. There is one effect.

In addition, the tunnel support construction method according to the present invention has an effect of preventing the support members from shifting from each other when connecting a plurality of support members by forming an alignment part on one side and the other side of the support member, respectively.

In addition, the tunnel support construction method according to the present invention has the effect of strengthening the bonding force between the cast shotcrete and the support by forming a plurality of uneven patterns on the inside of the flange of the support and around the web.

The description above and the accompanying drawings are merely illustrative of the technical idea of the present invention, and those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention pertains, combinations of configurations without departing from the essential characteristics of the present invention Various modifications and variations, such as separation, substitution, and alteration, will be possible. Accordingly, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are not intended to limit the technical idea of the present invention, but to explain the technical idea, and the scope of the technical idea of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments. The scope of protection of the present invention should be interpreted by the following claims, and all technical ideas within the scope equivalent thereto should be interpreted as being included in the scope of the present invention.

100: tunnel
101: the curtain
200: tunnel support material
201: flange
210a: first alignment unit
210b: second alignment unit
220: Web
232: fixing means
240: connection means
271: first guide part
272: second guide part

Claims (12)

In the tunnel support material arranged along the tunnel excavation surface to support the ground load,
The tunnel support member is a flange facing the tunnel excavation surface and having an arcuate or streamlined structure in a longitudinal direction,
A web formed along the longitudinal direction of the flange and vertically coupled to the flange,
A fixing means comprising a fixing hole from which a portion of the web and flange has been removed at predetermined intervals along the tunnel support member and a fixing part fastened to the fixing hole,
First and second alignment portions for connecting two different tunnel support members are formed at one end and the other end of the tunnel support member,
The flange is a tunnel support member, characterized in that it has a streamlined structure having a first curvature in a vertical direction in which the web is arranged based on a unidirectional direction perpendicular to a long direction. delete The method of claim 1,
Tunnel support member, characterized in that it has a second curvature inside the flange and the web crossing. The method of claim 1,
The fixing means has a plurality of threads formed inside the fixing hole from which the web of the tunnel support member and a part of the flange are removed, and a plurality of threads are formed around the outside of the fixing part, so that the fixing part penetrates the fixing hole and the flange Tunnel support, characterized in that coupled with the tunnel excavation surface of the outside. The method of claim 1,
The tunnel support member, wherein the first alignment portion and the second alignment portion are formed in a relative coupling structure capable of being coupled to each other. The method of claim 5,
The first alignment portion formed on the tunnel support member is coupled to a second alignment portion formed on another tunnel support member, and the second alignment portion formed on the tunnel support member is coupled to a first alignment portion formed on another tunnel support member. Tunnel support material. The method of claim 5,
The first and second alignment portions are formed in any one of an uneven structure, a threaded structure, and a streamlined structure, and formed on a flange cross section and a web cross section of the tunnel support member. The method of claim 1,
A tunnel support member, characterized in that a plurality of concave-convex patterns are formed on the flange of the tunnel support member and the web surface to strengthen the bonding force with the shotcrete to be poured. The method of claim 1,
The flange and the web have a T-shaped cross-sectional structure,
The web is a tunnel support member, characterized in that the first guide portion protruding in a horizontal direction with the flange is formed at the other end of the flange is not arranged. The method of claim 1,
The web is a tunnel support, characterized in that it comprises at least one first shotcrete coupling hole. A flange facing the excavation surface of the tunnel and having an arcuate or streamlined structure in a longitudinal direction, and a web formed along the longitudinal direction of the flange and vertically coupled to the flange, and the web at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel support member And a fixing means consisting of a fixing hole from which a part of the flange is removed and a fixing part fastened to the fixing hole, and first and second alignment parts for connecting two different tunnel support members to one end and the other end of the tunnel support member. In the tunnel support material construction method for constructing a tunnel support material in which is formed,
Arranging the tunnel support member along the tunnel excavation surface;
Fixing the tunnel support material to the tunnel excavation surface; And
Tunnel support construction method comprising the step of pouring shotcrete. The method of claim 11,
Arranging the tunnel support member along the tunnel excavation surface,
Arranging the first tunnel support material;
Arranging a second tunnel support member; And
Including; fixing the first tunnel support member and the second tunnel support member to each other,
The fixing of the first tunnel support member and the second tunnel support member to each other may include placing a metal plate by overlapping the web of the first tunnel support member and the web of the second tunnel support member, and using a first rock bolt. A tunnel support construction method, comprising fixing a region where the web of the tunnel support member and the metal plate overlap, and fixing the region where the web of the second tunnel support member and the metal plate overlap using a second rock bolt.

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