KR102110829B1 - Self-sufficient hybrid heating system using solar panel and firewood boiler, and method for using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided are a self-sufficient hybrid heating system using solar energy and a firewood boiler, and a method for using the same. To this end, the self-sufficient hybrid heating system comprises: (i) a solar panel; (ii) a battery electrically connected to the solar panel; and (iii) a firewood boiler electrically connected to the solar panel and the battery. Here, the firewood boiler comprises: (i) a combustion chamber in which at least one kind of fuel between wood and coal is combusted to generate fuel gas; (ii) a heat storage tank located over the combustion chamber and storing water; (iii) a stovepipe which communicates with the upper side of the combustion chamber to vertically penetrate the heat storage tank to come in contact with the water; (iv) a heating heater installed at a side surface of the lower portion of the heat storage tank to heat the water; and (v) a water pipe transporting the water heated by the heating heater to provide heating. The stovepipe comprises: (i) a first stovepipe unit vertically extended and coming in contact with the water; and (ii) a second stovepipe unit whose length coming in contact with the water is longer than the length of the first stovepipe unit, and which communicates with the side surface of the first stovepipe unit. In addition, the heating heater is electrically connected to the solar panel and the battery. Therefore, self-sufficiency can be achieved without having to receive energy from the outside.

Description

Self-sufficiency hybrid heating system using solar panel and firewood boiler and its use method {SELF-SUFFICIENT HYBRID HEATING SYSTEM USING SOLAR PANEL AND FIREWOOD BOILER, AND METHOD FOR USING THE SAME}

The present invention relates to a self-sufficient hybrid heating system and a method of using the same. More specifically, the present invention relates to a self-sufficient hybrid heating system using a solar panel and a firewood boiler and a method of using the same.

Even if photovoltaic power generation is used, it is often not possible to use it well depending on local specificity or site conditions. For example, in areas with good grid connections, electricity generated by solar power can be supplied to the grid, but it is not possible in traditional houses, wall houses, etc. that are evaluated as independent houses or temples and cultural properties that require independence.

Meanwhile, many attempts have been made to convert electric energy generated by solar power generation into thermal energy and apply it to heating. However, the power generation capacity by solar power was insufficient, and research and development was difficult due to the demand for large-scale solar power facilities.

[Patent Document]

 Korean Registered Patent No. 1650617

In order to provide a self-sufficient hybrid heating system using solar panels and firewood boilers without supplying external energy in remote areas. In addition, it is intended to provide a method of using such a hybrid heating system.

A self-sufficient hybrid heating system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes i) a solar panel, ii) a storage battery electrically connected to the solar panel, and iii) a firewood boiler electrically connected to the solar panel and storage battery. The firewood boiler comprises: i) a combustion chamber adapted to produce one or more fuels of wood and coal to be combusted, ii) a heat storage tank located above the combustion chamber, iii) communicating with the upper side of the combustion chamber to penetrate the heat storage tank vertically through the water And a communication pipe applied to contact with, iv) a heating heater installed on a lower side of the heat storage tank and applied to heat water, and v) a water pipe that delivers heating by transferring heated water by the heating heater. The communication includes i) a first communication part that extends vertically and contacts water, and ii) a length thereof that contacts water and is longer than the length of the first communication part and communicates with a side surface of the first communication part. The heating heater is electrically connected to the solar panel and storage battery.

The firewood boiler includes: i) a first gate valve installed in the first communication unit and applied to open and close the first communication unit, and ii) a second gate valve installed in the second communication unit and applied to open and close the second communication unit. It may include. The combustion chamber and the heat storage tank may be vertically spaced from each other.

The method of using a self-sufficient hybrid heating system according to an embodiment of the present invention uses the self-sufficient hybrid heating system described above. The method of using a self-sufficient hybrid heating system includes: i) burning fuel, ii) when the temperature of the combustion gas is 1000 ° C or higher, cutting off electricity supplied to the heating heater, iii) opening the first gate valve, And closing the second gate valve, and iv) supplying another electricity to the storage battery when generating another electricity in the solar panel.

The method of using a self-sufficient hybrid heating system according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include closing the first gate valve and opening the second gate valve when the temperature of the combustion gas falls below 300 ° C. A method of using a self-sufficient hybrid heating system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the step of electrically connecting a heating heater to a storage battery when the temperature of the combustion gas is 100 ° C. or less and no other electricity is generated in the solar panel. It may further include.

Using a self-sufficient hybrid heating system, you can stay warm in winter even in rural areas or mountainous areas where it is difficult to supply electricity. In particular, the electrical energy generated by the solar panel can be converted into thermal energy and used efficiently. In addition, by using the electric energy generated by the solar panel, life is convenient and a minimal cultural life can be enjoyed. That is, it is possible to maximize the efficiency of solar power utilization and efficiently use heat energy by simultaneously realizing heating and power generation using fuels that are readily available in the surroundings.

1 is a schematic diagram of a self-sufficient hybrid heating system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a conceptual view of combustion inside a firewood boiler included in the self-sufficient hybrid heating system of FIG. 1.
3 to 5 are views schematically showing operating modes of a self-sufficient hybrid heating system according to a first embodiment of the present invention, respectively.
6 is a schematic diagram of a self-sufficient hybrid heating system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of referring only to specific embodiments and is not intended to limit the invention. The singular forms used herein include plural forms unless the phrases clearly indicate the opposite. As used herein, the meaning of “comprising” embodies certain properties, regions, integers, steps, actions, elements and / or components, and other specific properties, regions, integers, steps, actions, elements, components and / or groups It does not exclude the existence or addition of.

Although not defined differently, all terms including technical terms and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains. Defined in a commonly used dictionary? The terms are further interpreted as having meanings consistent with the related technical literature and the presently disclosed content, and are not to be interpreted as ideal or very formal meanings unless defined.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains can easily practice. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein.

1 schematically shows a self-sufficient hybrid heating system 100 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The structure of the self-sufficient hybrid heating system 100 of FIG. 1 is only for illustrating the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Therefore, the structure of the self-sufficient hybrid heating system 100 may be modified differently.

As shown in FIG. 1, the self-sufficient hybrid heating system 100 includes a firewood boiler 10, a solar panel 20, and a storage battery 30. In addition, the self-sufficient hybrid heating system 100 may further include other devices as necessary. For example, although not shown in FIG. 1, the self-sufficient hybrid heating system 100 may further include a pump for water circulation. The self-sufficient hybrid heating system 100 can be applied to an independent house. Since the independent house is disconnected from the external electric system and the like, a self-sufficient hybrid heating system 100 is required.

The firewood boiler 10 includes a combustion chamber 101 and a heat storage tank 103. The firewood boiler 10 includes a combustion chamber 101 and a heat storage tank 103, but unlike this, the heat storage tank 103 may be interpreted as a separate object from the firewood boiler 10.

The combustion chamber 101 includes a fuel inlet 1011. The fuel inlet 1011 that opens like a door is opened, and wood or coal that is fuel is charged to the combustion chamber 101 through the fuel inlet 1011. And it can be used to light wood or coal. After combustion, ash is collected through the fuel inlet 1011.

The heat storage tank 103 can be used as heating in the evening or late at night by preserving heated water, that is, thermal energy. The heat storage tank 103 is located directly above the combustion chamber 101 and is in contact with the combustion chamber 101. Therefore, the heat generated in the combustion chamber 101 can be directly transferred to the heat storage tank 103, so that the heating efficiency of the heat storage tank 103 can be increased. In addition, the combustion gas generated in the combustion chamber 101 is discharged to the outside along the communication 105 passing through the combustion chamber 101 and the heat storage tank 103 vertically. Therefore, since the high heat of the combustion gas heats the water contained in the heat storage tank 103 by the communication 105, the water can be quickly heated. The detailed structure of the communication 105 will be described later in more detail in FIGS. 3 to 5.

The heating heater 107 is located on the lower side of the heat storage tank 101. Therefore, the water supplied to the heat storage tank 103 through the water pipe 109 (shown by the thick line in FIG. 1) is heated and circulated under the heat storage tank 101 near the heater 107 and the combustion chamber 101, so that the heat storage tank 101 It is discharged to the upper side. The discharged hot water is supplied and circulated to the hot plate H101 through the water pipe 109 to provide heating while warming the interior of the self-sufficient house H10. The hot plate (H101) may heat bricks, including bricks, to preserve heat. The detailed structure of the heating heater 107 can be easily understood by a person skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains, and thus a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

On the other hand, the firewood boiler 10 is installed under the eaves of the self-sufficiency house (H10) to avoid snow, rain, etc., so there is little external environmental impact. Therefore, the firewood boiler 10 has excellent durability and can be used for a long time. In particular, since the temperature of the combustion gas discharged through the communication 105 can be lowered by heat exchange with water stored in the heat storage tank 103, it is eco-friendly by reducing the emission of harmful gases such as Knox. Since the communication 105 passes through the heat storage tank 103, heat-resistant silicone is applied to the end of the communication 105 to seal the water in the heat storage tank 103 so as not to leak therein. The capacity of the heat storage tank 103 suitable for use in the firewood boiler 10 is 400L to 600L. Preferably, the capacity of the heat storage tank 103 is 500 L.

When the fuel is not burned in the combustion chamber 101, water stored in the heat storage tank 103 is heated by the heating heater 107 by receiving electricity from the solar panel 20 or the storage battery 30. That is, the heating heater 107 converts electrical energy into thermal energy. To this end, the solar panel 20, the storage battery 30 and the heating heater 107 are interconnected by electric wires (dotted line in FIG. 1), and can determine whether or not the connection is made through the switches 23 and 31. .

That is, the switch 23 is used to select one of the process of heating water by supplying electricity generated by the solar panel 20 to the heating heater 107 and storing electricity in the storage battery 30. . Meanwhile, the switch 31 may be used to select whether to supply electricity to the heating heater 107 from the storage battery 31. The operating states of these switches 23 and 31 will be described in more detail later with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5.

The solar panel 20 receives light energy from the sun and converts it into electrical energy. As the solar panel 20, a solar panel in the form of a film may be used. Independent houses require a solar panel 20 that outputs 3 kW to 5 kW. In an independent neighborhood scale, a solar panel 20 that outputs 50 kW to 100 kW depending on the house size may be required.

The energy conversion process and the structure of the solar panel 20 can be easily understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains, and thus detailed description thereof will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 1, electricity of the solar panel 20 or the storage battery 30 may be used to turn on the light L or to operate other electric devices. Therefore, the self-sufficiency type housing H10 of FIG. 1 is located in a remote mountainous area or wallpaper, so that electricity and heat can be conveniently and conveniently used even if electricity is not supplied from the outside. This is because the firewood boiler 10, the solar panel 20, and the storage battery 30 can be combined with each other to create a synergy effect. That is, since the solar panel 20 and the storage battery 30 supply electric energy, and the firewood boiler 10 supplies thermal energy, even if it is isolated from the outside by a combination of these three devices, in a self-sufficient house H10 You can live comfortably.

If it is not a self-sufficient house, it is not necessary to use a firewood boiler itself, and there is no need to form a firewood boiler with the structure shown in FIG. 1. This is because water can be heated and used at any time using an electric boiler because electricity can be supplied through an external system. It is not necessary to have a structure like the firewood boiler 10 of FIG. 1. However, when the external system is not connected, it is necessary to use a firewood boiler 10 having a structure as shown in FIG. 1.

Meanwhile, although not shown in FIG. 1, electricity generated from the solar panel 20 is converted from DC to AC through an inverter (not shown), and is supplied to the heating heater 107 after rectification. Meanwhile, the storage battery 30 receives electricity from the solar panel 20 and stores it, and supplies it to the heating heater 107 as necessary. The storage battery can be appropriately adjusted in size and capacity according to the amount of electricity used in the house. The process of generating, supplying, and storing electricity can be easily understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains, and thus detailed description thereof will be omitted.

FIG. 2 conceptually shows the combustion state inside the firewood boiler 10 included in the self-sufficient hybrid heating system 100 of FIG. 1. The combustion state in FIG. 2 is only for illustrating the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Therefore, the combustion state of the firewood boiler is possible in other forms.

As shown in FIG. 2, it is possible to supply heat required for heating by burning combustible materials such as wood, pellets, waste building materials, lignite or anthracite, which are readily available in farming and fishing villages. When you start a firewood boiler, you can light it using dry branches or sesame seeds. And if you use kerosene or light oil, it will catch fire more easily. Gasoline is a fire hazard and is not used well. After the fire is burned, oak or acacia trees can be burned for a long time. Each region generated when a fuel is ignited using these fuels will be described as follows.

First, the temperature of the combustion zone A is about 600 ° C. Here, gas and oil contained in the fuel are decomposed, and carbon dioxide and tar are generated. Around it, wood oil vapor and wood gas are ejected. At about 400 ° C lower than this, the fuels can turn into charcoal. The temperature of the combustion zone B is about 1000 ° C. In the combustion zone B, soot decomposes, and bright wood gas starts to be ejected. The temperature of the combustion zone C is about 1500 ° C., and gas, soot and tar begin to burn. Since the combustion region C corresponds to the upper portion of the flame, not the flame, the temperature is about 400 ° C. Combustion products are present in the combustion zone D, and hot air diffuses to the top. The fuel burned in the firewood boiler generates high-temperature gas. Hot gas is used to heat the water.

3 to 5 are views schematically showing operating modes of a self-sufficient hybrid heating system according to a first embodiment of the present invention, respectively. 3 shows a state in which water is heated by using a solar panel or a storage battery 30 without operating the firewood boiler 10, and FIG. 4 shows a state in which water is heated by burning fuel in the firewood boiler 10. 5 shows the state in which the firewood boiler 10 is used after the combustion of the fuel is completed. The mode of operation of such a self-contained hybrid heating system is merely for illustrating the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Therefore, the self-contained hybrid heating system can be operated in other forms.

3 schematically shows a state in which the firewood boiler 10 is operated by using a solar panel (not shown) or a storage battery 30 without burning fuel in the combustion chamber 101. 3 shows a state in which the firewood boiler 10 is not used, but heat that cannot be covered by the solar panel or the storage battery 30 may be reinforced with the firewood boiler 10.

Electricity generated from the solar panel may be supplied to the heating heater 107 or the storage battery 30 through an electric wire (shown by a dashed-dotted line). When the switch 23 is attached to the left contact, the solar panel is directly connected to the heating heater 107. Therefore, the heating heater 1031 can convert electrical energy into thermal energy to heat the water in the heat storage tank 103. In this case, since the solar panel supplies electricity to the heating heater 107, the storage battery 30 need not be electrically connected to the heating heater 107. Therefore, the switch 31 remains open. Alternatively, when the electric capacity of the heating heater 107 is sufficient, the storage battery 30 can also be connected to the heating heater 107 to further increase the heat output of the heating heater 107.

4 schematically shows a state in which water is heated by burning fuel in the firewood boiler 10. The operating state of the firewood boiler 10 in FIG. 4 is only for illustrating the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Therefore, the operating state of the firewood boiler 10 may be modified to other forms.

4 shows the state in which the firewood boiler 10 operates, the fuel is charged in the combustion chamber 101 and burned, and according to the use of the firewood boiler 10, it is not necessary to supply electricity to the heating heater 107. Therefore, the switches 23 and 31 cut off the electricity supply to the heating heater 107, and if necessary, the electricity generated by the solar panel is stored in the storage battery 30.

The communication 105 includes a first communication unit 1051 and a second communication unit 1053. The first communication portion 1051 and the second communication portion 1053 contact water inside the heat storage tank 103. The first communication portion 1051 extends vertically. The second communication portion 1053 communicates with a side surface of the first communication portion 1051.

As illustrated in FIG. 4, the second communication unit 1053 includes communication units extending horizontally at upper and lower portions, and communication units extending vertically while interconnecting them. That is, the second communication portion 1053 is formed in a form of bypassing the first communication portion 1051. Meanwhile, the structure of the second communication portion 1053 illustrated in FIG. 4 is merely for illustrating the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Therefore, it is possible to deform into various shapes under the condition that the length of the second communication portion 1053 in contact with water is greater than the length of the first communication portion 1051 in contact with water. For example, the second communication portion 1053 may be formed in a plurality of zigzag shapes.

Meanwhile, a first gate valve 1052 is installed in the first communication unit 1051 to open and close the first communication unit 1051, and a second gate valve 1054 is installed in the second communication unit 1053. And opens and closes the second communication portion 1053. In FIG. 4, the first gate valve 1052 is opened and the second gate valve 1054 is closed. That is, the combustion gas generated in a large amount according to the combustion of the fuel must be quickly discharged to the outside, so that the fuel is burned better to obtain a high calorific value. In this case, the heated combustion chamber 101 can not only heat the water stored in the heat storage tank 103, but also heat the water through the first communication unit 1051 heated by the combustion gas. Since the temperature of the combustion gas discharged from the combustion chamber 101 is 1000 ° C or higher, sufficient heat is obtained due to combustion. The second gate valve 1054 is closed so that the combustion gas does not pass through the second communication portion 1053.

5 shows a state in which the firewood boiler 10 is used after the combustion of the fuel is completed. The state of use of the firewood boiler 10 in FIG. 5 is only to illustrate the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Therefore, the state of use of the firewood boiler 10 can be modified to other forms.

The firewood boiler 10 has a difference in that residual heat remains in the already supplied fuel for a long time, even if the fuel is not additionally supplied, unlike the general boiler. Therefore, it is necessary to make the most of this residual heat. That is, it is necessary to utilize the residual heat of the combustion gas by slowing the rate at which the combustion gas is discharged as much as possible. Moreover, since the amount of combustion gas generated due to the fuel supply stoppage is also greatly reduced, the combustion gas is blocked from being discharged to the outside.

As shown in FIG. 5, when the first gate valve 1052 is closed, since the combustion gas does not quickly exit vertically, heat loss due to the combustion gas can be greatly reduced. On the other hand, when the second gate valve 1054 is opened and the combustion gas is bypassed, the area in contact with the second communication unit 1053 is large, so that the heat of the combustion gas is sufficiently cooled while transferring the heat to the water, thereby obtaining a cooling effect. . For example, when the temperature of the combustion gas discharged from the combustion chamber 101 falls below 300 ° C., it is understood that the fuel supply is stopped and the first gate valve 1052 is closed and the second gate valve 1054 can be opened. . Since the temperature of the combustion gas may rise to 300 ° C or higher, closing the first gate valve 1052 and opening the second gate valve 1054 in this case may be dangerous because combustion gas does not escape well. Therefore, it is important to check whether the temperature of the combustion gas falls below 300 ° C.

Furthermore, when the temperature of the combustion gas is 100 ° C. or less, and at night, it is necessary to switch the switch 31 in the direction of the arrow to electrically connect the heating heater 107 to the storage battery 30. As it is night, electricity may not be supplied from the solar panel. As a result, electric energy is supplied from the storage battery 30 to the heating heater 107 and converted to thermal energy to heat the water in the storage tank 103 to be used for heating.

6 schematically shows a self-sufficient hybrid heating system 200 according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Since the self-sufficient hybrid heating system 200 of FIG. 6 is similar to the self-sufficient hybrid heating system 100 of FIG. 1, the same reference numerals are used for the same parts, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted.

6, the combustion chamber 121 and the heat storage tank 123 included in the firewood boiler 12 are vertically spaced apart from each other. More specifically, the combustion chamber 121 functions as a fireplace and is located in the living room of the self-sufficient house H20, and the heat storage tank 123 is located on the roof. The combustion chamber 121 can also be installed by attaching it to the outer wall of the room so that only the front side of the fuel is visible.

Since the volume of the heat storage tank 123 can be quite large, it is difficult to place it indoors. On the other hand, the combustion chamber 121 can be installed inside the self-sufficiency house H20 to warm the air inside, and can also provide a comfortable and cozy feeling. Therefore, the combustion chamber 121 and the heat storage tank 123 can be vertically separated and installed. Even if the heat storage tank 123 is installed outside the self-sufficiency type housing H20, the outside is surrounded by a heat insulating material (not shown), so that the heat preservation effect is excellent. Therefore, the water contained in the heat storage tank 123 does not cool well.

The combustion chamber 121 burns fuel to generate combustion gas, and then discharges the combustion gas to the outside through the communication 125. The communication 125 is located through the heat storage tank 123. Therefore, water stored in the heat storage tank 123 may be heated by the heat of the combustion gas passing through the communication 125. Since the combustion chamber 121 is separated from the heat storage tank 123, heat generated by burning fuel in the combustion chamber 121 cannot be directly transferred to the heat storage tank 123. However, since the heat of the combustion gas passing through the communication 125 is also substantial, it is sufficient to heat the water contained in the heat storage tank 123.

When the fuel is not combusted in the combustion chamber 121, water supplied to the heat storage tank 123 may be heated by supplying electricity supplied from the solar panel 22 or the storage battery 32 to the heating heater 107. Water is heated in the heat storage tank 123 and then supplied to the hot plate H101 and circulated.

Although the present invention has been described as described above, those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations are possible without departing from the concept and scope of the claims set forth below.

10, 12. Firewood boiler
20, 22. Solar panel
23, 31.Switch
30, 32. Storage battery
100, 200. Self-contained hybrid heating system
101, 121. Combustion chamber
103, 123. Heat storage tank
105, 125. Communication
107. Heating heater
109. Water Pipe
1011. Fuel inlet
1051, 1053. Ministry of Communications
1052, 1054.Gate valve
A, B, C, D. Combustion Zone
H10, H20. Self-contained housing
H101. Hot plate
L. Lighting

Claims (6)

Solar Panel,
A storage battery electrically connected to the solar panel, and
A firewood boiler electrically connected to the solar panel and the storage battery
Including,
The firewood boiler,
Combustion chambers applied to the combustion of one or more fuels of wood and coal to produce combustion gases,
Located on the combustion chamber, a heat storage tank for storing water,
A communication applied to communicate with the upper side of the combustion chamber to penetrate the heat storage tank vertically and contact the water,
A heating heater installed on the lower side of the heat storage tank and applied to heat the water, and
A water pipe that provides heating by transporting heated water by the heating heater
It includes,
The communication,
A first communication part extending vertically and contacting the water, and
A second communication portion whose length in contact with the water is longer than the length of the first communication portion and communicates with a side surface of the first communication portion
Including,
The second communication unit,
A pair of horizontal communication units connected to the side surfaces of the first communication unit, horizontally extending at the upper and lower portions, and in contact with the water, respectively, and
The vertical communication part extending vertically while interconnecting the pair of horizontal communication parts
Including,
The firewood boiler,
A first gate valve installed in the first communication portion and applied to open and close the first communication portion, and
A second gate valve installed in the second communication portion and applied to open and close the second communication portion
Further comprising,
A self-contained hybrid heating system in which the heating heater is electrically connected to the solar panel and the storage battery. delete In claim 1,
The combustion chamber and the heat storage tank are self-sufficient hybrid heating systems installed vertically spaced apart from each other. A method of using a self-sufficient hybrid heating system according to claim 1,
Burning the fuel,
When the temperature of the combustion gas is 1000 ° C or more, blocking the electricity supplied to the heating heater,
Opening the first gate valve and closing the second gate valve, and
When generating another electricity from the solar panel, supplying the other electricity to the storage battery
How to use a self-contained hybrid heating system comprising a. In claim 4,
When the temperature of the combustion gas falls below 300 ℃, the method of using a self-sufficient hybrid heating system further comprising closing the first gate valve and opening the second gate valve. In claim 5,
If the temperature of the combustion gas is less than 100 ℃, and the other electricity is not generated in the solar panel, the method of using a self-sufficient hybrid heating system further comprising the step of electrically connecting the heating heater to the storage battery .

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