KR101887463B1 - Repairing material for cracks accompanied with water leakage in concrete structure and process for repairing said cracks using said repairing material - Google Patents

Abstract

A maintenance material and a repair method capable of effectively repairing cracks and stopping the leakage of the cracks accompanied by leakage occurring in common concrete structures such as elevated bridges and tunnels without interfering with the use of concrete structures The purpose is to provide. A crack repairing material accompanied by water leakage in a concrete structure is a paste containing cement, water, and a self-healing material, wherein the self-healing material is a paste containing a layered silicate mineral, feldspar, oxycarboxylic acid or dicarboxylic acid will be.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a repair material for cracks accompanied by leakage in a concrete structure, and a method for repairing cracks using the repair material. 2. Description of the Related Art [0002]

The present invention relates to a repair material for cracks accompanied by leakage of water in a concrete structure and a method for repairing cracks using the repair material. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method for repairing cracks in a concrete structure, And a method for repairing cracks using the repair material.

Concrete used for building or construction of civil engineering structures includes cement, water, aggregate and the like, and has a property of being cured by hydration reaction of cement. The concrete after curing may be cracked due to the action of stress, a change in the volume due to temperature change or drying, or the like. Cracks in concrete cause leakage, rebar corrosion, and the like, which are major causes of greatly lowering durability. Therefore, it is necessary to perform maintenance if the degree of cracking is large. For example, in concrete structures such as railway or automobile high-priced bridges, tunnels, etc., cracks are generated in the cracks generated in the roof of the concrete high-rise bridges and concrete of the piers and tunnels, Such as injection or cross-sectional repair, is performed.

However, in the case of repairing the cracks generated in the top plate, the bridge, and the concrete in the concrete of the high-rise concrete, it is necessary to carry out the traffic regulation including the prohibition of traffic in the high- There is a problem that the construction period takes a long period of time, and also a huge cost is incurred. When repairing cracks accompanied by leakage of water generated by rainwater or groundwater, organic repair materials such as epoxy resin and urethane resin, etc., can not be used in a wet state in which water is present, such as defective injection, So that the maintenance itself becomes very difficult.

Furthermore, concrete structures such as high-priced bridges commonly used in the open-air can not be used because of cracks in the concrete structure due to changes in environment (temperature, humidity, solar radiation, etc. due to season and climate) Is changed according to the passage of time. Therefore, even if the cracks are once repaired, cracks may again occur due to changes in environment (season, climate, temperature, humidity, solar radiation, etc.), loads or vibrations caused by trains or vehicles running on the upper part, Maintenance techniques that follow the changes in crack width due to the external environment of these concrete structures are desired.

In view of this, even if concrete structures are not subjected to restoration, waterproofing, or waterproofing work, it is possible to maintain the index performance and durability, and even if cracks occur, self-healing concrete (See, for example, Patent Documents 1, 2, 3 and 4).

However, the self-healing concrete as described above can not obtain a reliable crack self-healing performance, and further improvement of the index performance after cracking is required.

In addition, when it is used in an architectural structure, it is required to exhibit sufficient self-healing property not only in a short period immediately after casting of concrete but also in a case where cracks occur after elapse of a long time.

Particularly, in the above-described Patent Document 4, concrete is applied to concrete by using a material having self-healing performance (aluminosilicate, magnesium silicate, carbonate, calcium oxide, expanding material, etc.), and the concrete itself is actively cracked However, since materials having self-healing properties are highly absorbent or swellable or have high reactivity with water, if they are mixed with the concrete as they are, the slump of the concrete is deteriorated, and in order to recover the slump There is a problem in that the addition amount of the water reducing agent must be increased and the condensation of the concrete is remarkably delayed or the production cost is increased.

Patent Document 5 proposes a repair technique in which a self-healing material is mixed with a spray painting material to perform waterproofing (indexing) of a double concrete of a tunnel structure. However, since it is a large-scale repair by spray painting, (Such as high-priced bridges or tunnels), it is necessary to stop the use of concrete structures.

Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent No. 3658568 Patent Document 2: JP-A-2005-239482 Patent Document 3: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-332010 Patent Document 4: JP-A-2009-190937 Patent Document 5: JP-A-2010-180107

It is an object of the present invention to provide a concrete structure capable of effectively stopping the leakage of cracks caused by cracks accompanied by water leakage generated in a common concrete structure, for example, a high-tension bridge or a tunnel, without interfering with the use of the concrete structure A repair material and a repair method.

The repair material for cracks accompanying leakage of water in the concrete structure of the present invention is a paste containing cement, water, and a self-healing material. The self-healing material is a layered silicate mineral, feldspar, An oxycarboxylic acid or a dicarboxylic acid.

The repair material for cracks accompanying leakage of water in the other concrete structure of the present invention is a mortar containing cement, water, fine aggregate and self-healing material, wherein the self-healing material is a layered silicate mineral, feldspar, Wherein the fine aggregate contains at least one selected from the group consisting of silica, feldspar, kaolin, calcium phosphate, carbonate of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, inorganic material or mineral containing lithium, inorganic material containing magnesium Or at least one kind of material selected from the group consisting of minerals, amorphous silica-containing inorganic materials and blast furnace slag, and having a maximum particle diameter of 1 mm or less, is a repair material for cracks accompanying cracks in the concrete structure.

The maximum particle diameter in the present invention was evaluated by passing through a sieve having a nominal eye opening of 1 mm defined by Japanese Industrial Standard JIS Z 8801-1 "Test body - Part 1: metal net".

Preferably, the repairing material for cracking accompanied by leakage of water in the concrete structure of the present invention is characterized in that the self-healing material is selected from the group consisting of calcium carbonate, an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonate, an inorganic material containing magnesium, , At least one auxiliary material selected from the group consisting of an amorphous silica-containing inorganic material, an etchinite-based and / or a virgin accounting expanding material, calcium oxide, a short fiber and an absorbent resin.

The method for repairing cracks accompanied by leakage in a concrete structure of the present invention is characterized in that in a concrete structure in which cracks accompanied by leakage are generated, the cracks are formed on the concrete surface portion just above the cracks of the concrete surface, A method for repairing cracks accompanied by leakage of water in a concrete structure, characterized in that any one repair material of the present invention is applied.

In another concrete structure of the present invention, a repair method of cracks accompanied by leakage is characterized in that in a concrete structure in which cracks accompanied by leakage are generated, the cracks are formed just above the cracks on the concrete surface, A plurality of holes are formed and then any one of the repairing materials of the present invention is filled or injected into the holes and further the cracked concrete surface And the other repair material of the present invention is applied to the part of the concrete structure.

Preferably, in the method for repairing cracks accompanied by leakage of water in the concrete structure of the present invention, the silicate aqueous solution is previously applied as a base treating material before applying, filling or injecting the repairing material .

According to the repairing material for cracking accompanied by the leakage of the concrete structure of the present invention and the method of repairing the cracks using the repairing material, the concrete structure, for example, the upper part of the concrete, For cracks accompanied by leaking water generated in slabs and walls of building structures such as piers, side walls, cracks accompanying leakages generated inside the concrete slab of a tunnel, or office buildings or mansions, Speed) of the self-healing material can be lowered, and the healing ability of the self-healing material can be effectively exerted.

Particularly, in concrete structures such as high-priced bridges commonly used in the open air, there is a problem in that a concrete structure caused by a change in environment (season, climate, temperature, humidity, solar radiation, etc.) The cracks are self-healed again by the remaining repair material even if the crack width changes (cracks occur again) in the cracks once restored. That is, according to the repairing material and the repairing method of the present invention, it is possible to follow the change with time in the crack width.

Furthermore, when preventing leakage of cracks generated in a common concrete structure, it is possible to shorten the period of the public stoppage without interfering with the common use such as traffic prohibition.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on preferred embodiments, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

The repair material of cracks accompanying leakage of water in the concrete structure of the present invention is a paste containing cement, water and a self-healing material, wherein the self-healing material is a layered silicate mineral, feldspar, oxycarboxylic acid or dicarboxylic acid Is a crack repairing material accompanied by leakage in a concrete structure.

The repair material of cracks accompanying leakage of water in another concrete structure of the present invention is a mortar containing cement, water, fine aggregate and self-healing material, and the self-healing material is a layered silicate mineral, feldspar, oxycar Wherein the fine aggregate is at least one selected from the group consisting of silica, feldspar, stones, calcium carbonate, an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonate, an inorganic material or mineral containing lithium, an inorganic material or mineral containing magnesium, A silica-containing inorganic material and blast furnace slag, and is a repair material for cracks accompanying leakage of water in a concrete structure having a maximum particle diameter of 1 mm or less.

That is, the repairing material of the present invention is a paste or mortar having a followability against change with time of crack width of concrete obtained by adding and kneading cement and water or cement, water and fine aggregate to the self-healing material.

Here, the self-healing material is a material containing a layered silicate mineral, feldspar, oxycarboxylic acid or dicarboxylic acid, preferably a carbonate of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, an inorganic material containing magnesium or a mineral , At least one auxiliary material selected from the group consisting of an amorphous silica-containing inorganic material, an etchinite-based and / or a virgin accounting expanding material, calcium oxide, a short fiber and an absorbent resin.

Examples of the layered silicate mineral (aluminosilicate, magnesium silicate) contained in the self-healing material include kaolinite, halite, decite, nakrite, oedrite and clay minerals belonging to the kaolin family of clay minerals, (Talc), Willems site, carolite (poorly crystalline talc), Phillightite (Willemite with poor crystallinity), pyrophyllite (lepraeite, pyrophyllite), clay minerals, 3-octahedron-shaped vanillicite belonging to the family Bauciculite of clay minerals, such as saponite, hectorite, soconite, stevensite, swinholite, montmorillonite, bederite, nontronite, It is composed of two octahedral volcanic rocks, muscovite, dolomite, annaite, (Alginoside), mica, soda mica, sericite (sericite), clay minerals such as clay minerals, clay minerals, clay minerals, It has been reported that the rocks belonging to the mica group of the intermolecular defects of the minerals belonging to the mica group include sunlight, marble stone, bramarite, hane site, clitonite belonging to the brittle family of clay minerals, (Chlorophyll), Chamosite, Penangite, Nimite, Bayreclair, Donbassite, Cookieite, and Sudoite belonging to the chlorite of the clay minerals. .

Among these layered silicate minerals (aluminosilicate, magnesium silicate), montmorillonite ((Na, Ca) _0.33 (Al, Mg) 2 Si ₄ O ₁₀ (OH) ₂ .nH ₂ O, n = (Talc, 3MgO · 4SiO ₂ · H ₂ O), and among the montmorillonites, Na-bentonite, Ca-bentonite, acidic clay and atraphalite (parigoldsite, Mg ₅ Si ₈ O _{20 ) 2 (OH 2) 4 ·} H 2 O, just a part of Mg is substituted by Al), sepiolite _{(Mg 8 Si 12 O 30 (} OH 2) 4 (OH) 4 · 6~8H 2 O) Is particularly preferable because the self-healing performance of the crack due to the swelling action is excellent.

Further, the layered silicate mineral (aluminosilicate, magnesium silicate) may be a general industrial grade milled to a particle size of about 10 to 100 mu m.

The layered silicate mineral may be obtained by mixing the above-mentioned minerals in a single form, or in any combination, and in any mixing ratio.

The layer silicate mineral is preferably contained in an amount of 3 to 20 mass% of the repairing material containing the self-healing material from the viewpoint of exhibiting self-healing performance of a good crack.

Further, the feldspar contained in the self-healing material may be any of feldspar (CaAl ₂ Si ₂ O ₈ ), calcareous stone (NaAlSi ₃ O ₈ ), minerals including continuous solid solution of calcite and calcined stone, belong, and the like orthoclase (KAlSi ₃ O _8), albite (NaAlSi ₃ O _8), orthoclase and minerals promotes seat comprising a continuous solid solution.

Among them, a strongly alkaline substance such as cement or a precipitate readily reacted with oxycarboxylic acid or dicarboxylic acid is particularly preferable. However, it is preferable to use a calcined stone for ceramics, which is inexpensive and easy to obtain, May be used. All of these can be used for general industrial grades which are ground to a particle size of about 10 to 100 mu m. In addition, feldspar may be obtained by mixing the above-mentioned minerals together, or in any combination, and in any mixing ratio.

It is preferable that the feldspar contains 2 to 10 mass% of the repairing material containing the self-healing material because it exhibits self-healing performance of a good crack.

Further, examples of the oxycarboxylic acid or dicarboxylic acid contained in the self-healing material include citric acid, L-tartaric acid, malic acid, lactic acid, and the like in the case of oxycarboxylic acid (hydroxycarboxylic acid; a compound having a hydroxyl group and a carboxyl group in one molecule) . Examples of the dicarboxylic acid (compound having two carboxyl groups in one molecule) include oxalic acid, malonic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, succinic acid, itaconic acid (methylenesuccinic acid) and the like. Of these, citric acid, L-tartaric acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, fumaric acid and maleic acid are particularly preferable because they are inexpensive and readily available. These oxycarboxylic acids or dicarboxylic acids are preferably used in industrial grade and adjusted to a particle size of about 10 to 100 mu m in a powder state, and it is preferable to use a mixture of a plurality of oxycarboxylic acids or dicarboxylic acids May be used. The oxycarboxylic acid or dicarboxylic acid is preferably contained in an amount of 0.1 to 3% by mass based on the repairing material containing the self-healing material from the viewpoint of exhibiting good self-healing ability of cracking.

The repair material of cracks accompanying leakage of water in the concrete structure of the present invention is a paste kneaded with cement and water or a mortar kneaded with cement, fine aggregate and water in the self-healing material mixture .

As the cement, Portland cement, other mixed cement, super fast boundary cement and the like can be used without particular limitation. Examples of the Portland cement include various portland cements such as low heat, medium heat, normal, early strength, super early strength and sulfate resistant, Examples of the cement include blast furnace cement, fly ash cement and silica cement. As the initial velocity boundary cement, alumina _{cement, 11CaO · 7Al 2 O 3 ·} CaX 2 system (X is a halogen element such as F) cement, Irwin (calcium sulfo aluminate _{(3CaO · 3Al 2 O 3 ·} CaSO 4)) based cement, Furthermore, the above-mentioned various cements can be exemplified as coarse powder cements having a larger particle size (for example, a maximum particle size of 100 to 300 mu m and a brain specific surface area of 500 to 2000 cm < ² > / g).

Among them, inexpensive Portland cement is preferable. Further, in order to suppress cracking of the cured product of the mortar or concrete, it is necessary to use a low heat (C ₂ S) content in which the content of celite The use of Portland cement or moderate heat Portland cement is particularly preferred. In the case also with cement one trillion minutes (粗粉) one (for example, the maximum grain size 100~300㎛, the brain surface area 500~2000cm ³ / g) than large grain size usually of various cement adjusted to, the repair material The long-term warming effect of the self-healing performance of the film is improved.

These cements may be obtained by mixing the above-exemplified cements either singly or in any combination and at any mixing ratio.

The amount of the cement to be added is suitably in the range of 50 to 100 parts by mass with respect to 10 parts by mass of the self-healing material. When the addition amount of the cement is less than 50 parts by mass, the strength of the paste or the mortar of the repairing material is insufficient, and the maintenance material applied or applied to the concrete in which cracks are generated flows down or falls off It is not preferable because the risk increases.

On the other hand, if the added amount of the cement exceeds 100 parts by mass, the content of the self-healing material in the repairing material becomes low, and the self-healing performance against the crack accompanying the leakage of the concrete in the concrete structure can not be sufficiently obtained.

The water to be compounded is not particularly limited as long as it does not contain an organic matter, a chloride ion, a sodium ion, a potassium ion, or the like, which adversely affects the concrete cured body in which the hydration reaction of the cement and the crack to be repaired are generated, Industrial water, ground water, river water, rainwater, distilled water, high purity water for chemical analysis (ultrapure water, pure water, ion exchange water). Of these, the use of tap water or industrial water having a low cost and stable quality is preferable.

The amount of the water to be added is suitably in the range of 2 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 10 parts by mass of the total amount of the repair material including the self-healing material and the cement. When the amount of water added is less than 2 parts by mass, water is not sufficient and it is not suitable because it is not possible to obtain a paste or mortar suitable for application of coating, filling and injection to the concrete in which cracks have occurred. On the other hand, when the added amount of water exceeds 10 parts by mass, water becomes excessive and problems occur in coating or filling (injection), and the strength of the paste and mortar of the repairing material is insufficient, It is unsuitable because the risk that the repair material applied or filled (injected) into the concrete will flow down or fall off (drop) is increased.

In addition, a chemical admixture for concrete such as a polycarboxylic acid-based high-performance water reducing agent may be used in combination to reduce the amount of water added. As the chemical admixture, any known admixture can be applied as a water reducing agent used in concrete such as liquid or powdery water reducing agent, AE water reducing agent, high performance water reducing agent, and high performance AE water reducing agent. The chemical admixture is preferably contained in an amount of 0.1 to 3.0 mass% with respect to the cement.

The self-healing material may further contain, if necessary, a carbonate of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal, an inorganic material or a mineral containing magnesium, an inorganic material containing an amorphous silica, an etrinite-based and / At least one kind of auxiliary material selected from the group consisting of inorganic materials containing calcium oxide, short fibers and water absorbent resin can be further blended.

As the calcium phosphate that is a secondary material of the self-healing _{material, Ca (H 2 PO 4)} 2 ( the first calcium phosphate), CaHPO ₄ (calcium secondary _{phosphate), Ca 3 (PO 4)} 2 ( 3 phosphate) , And bone ash (calcium phosphate = Ca ₃ (PO ₄ ) ₂ ).

Among these calcium phosphates, CaHPO ₄ (calcium phosphate dibasic) reacts with calcium hydroxide or a layered silicate mineral (magnesium silicate) produced as a hydrate of the cement mineral in the crack portion of the concrete to form Ca _{5 (PO 4) 3 (OH} ) ( hydroxyapatite = hydroxyl _{apatite), Ca 18 Mg 2 H 2} (PO 4) 14 ( a hwiteul kite), acid 3 calcium, calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate, calcium hydrogen phosphate anhydrous , Calcium phosphate compounds such as amorphous calcium phosphate and calcium dihydrogenphosphate, and dense hydrates can be formed in the cracked portion. It is also preferable to use calcium phosphate of general industrial grade which is ground to a particle size of about 10 to 100 mu m, and the above-mentioned minerals may be used singly or in any combination in any mixing ratio .

The calcium phosphate is preferably contained in an amount of 1 to 5% by mass based on the repairing material containing the self-healing material, from the viewpoint of exhibiting good self-healing performance of the crack.

Further, as the alkali metal or the carbonate of the alkaline earth metal is the secondary material of the self-healing material, for example, CaCO ₃ (calcium carbonate; calcite, aragonite, the battery light), dolomite (high dilution, CaCO ₃ · MgCO ₃ ), Magnesite (main component MgCO ₃ ), Li ₂ CO ₃ (lithium carbonate), Na ₂ CO ₃ (sodium carbonate), K ₂ CO ₃ (potassium carbonate), MgCO ₃ Magnesium carbonate), LiHCO ₃ (lithium hydrogencarbonate), NaHCO ₃ (sodium hydrogencarbonate), KHCO ₃ (potassium hydrogencarbonate), Mg (HCO ₃ ) ₂ (magnesium hydrogencarbonate)

Examples of the carbonate of the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal include magnesium carbonate such as Li ₂ CO ₃ (lithium carbonate), magnesium carbonate including MgCO ₃ (magnesium carbonate), and light calcium carbonate containing CaCO ₃ (calcium carbonate) It is particularly preferable since it is excellent in the property of restoring cracks. The carbonate of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal is preferably a powder of a general industrial grade ground to a particle size of about 10 to 100 mu m, and the above-mentioned materials or minerals may be used singly or in any combination, May be used.

The carbonate of the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal is preferably contained in an amount of 1 to 5% by mass based on the repairing material containing the self-healing material from the viewpoint of exhibiting good self-healing ability of the crack.

Further, an inorganic material containing magnesium which the auxiliary materials of the self-healing material or a mineral, as the artifact, MgCO ₃ (magnesium carbonate), MgO (magnesium oxide = magnesia, Perry greater race), Mg (OH) ₂ (hydroxide Mg = brucite), MgSO ₄ (magnesium _{sulfate), Mg (nO 2) 2} ( nitrite, _{magnesium), Mg (nO 3) 2} ( magnesium _{nitrate), 2MgO · 3SiO 2 · nH} 2 O ( magnesium silicate, n = negative ), Mg ₆ Al ₂ (CO ₃ ) (OH) ₁₆ · 4H ₂ O (hydrotalcite), ferronickel slag removers, which are by-products of ferronickel refining, and Japanese Industrial Standards Magnesium-containing slag such as ferronickel slag fine aggregate for concrete aggregate suitable for JIS A 5011-2, magnesium-containing refractory such as polysterite brick and martite brick, and the like. Examples of natural products include dolomite (high kaolin, CaCO ₃ .MgCO ₃ ) containing magnesium in a large amount, magnesite (Goto Goto, main component = MgCO ₃ ), olam rock = olivine (dinoite, olivine sand, , the night the sand or the like, the main component = (Mg, Fe) ₂ SiO _4), serpentine _{(3MgO · 2SiO 2 · 2H 2} 0, some brucite = Mg (OH) include ₂₎ and biotite (Mg ₇ (Si ₄ 0 _{11) 2} (OH) _2, but asbestos = except those containing asbestos), pyroxene, mitigation pyroxene (Enschede other tight _{= Mg 2 Si 2 0 6)} , diopside (CaMgSi ₂ 0 _6), choline gayiteu (Mg _{10 Fe 2 CO 3 (OH) 24} · 2H 2 0), show Granite _{(sjogrenite) (Mg 6 Fe 2} (OH) 16 CO 3 · 4H 2 0), Pyro O light _{(Mg 6 Fe 2 (OH)} 16 CO ₃ ·, and the like 4H ₂ 0), Brugg nateglinide light _{(Mg 6 Fe (OH) 13} CO 3 · 4H 2 0), Ness kweho nitro (MgCO ₃ · 3H ₂ magnesium-containing minerals, such as 0).

Since these magnesium-containing inorganic materials or minerals may have some degree of expansion reactivity, in order to avoid pop-out of the repair material paste-hardened product containing the self-healing material and the repair material mortar hardened product, It is preferable to use those of general industrial grades pulverized to about 100 mu m, and when emphasizing the self-healing rate of cracks, it is preferable to use magnesium carbonate or magnesium hydroxide having a large magnesium content although it is expensive.

On the other hand, in order to reduce the manufacturing cost, it is preferable to use minerals, slag, and refractories containing magnesium which is low in magnesium content but very inexpensive.

These magnesium-containing inorganic materials and minerals may be obtained by mixing the above-exemplified inorganic materials or minerals singly or in any combination in any mixing ratio. The magnesium-containing inorganic material and the mineral are preferably contained in an amount of 1 to 5% by mass based on the repairing material containing the self-healing material from the viewpoint of exhibiting good self-healing ability of the crack.

The amorphous silica-containing inorganic material to be an auxiliary material for the self-healing material is preferably an inorganic material containing at least 50 mass% or more of amorphous (glassy) silica (silicon dioxide = SiO ₂ ) to be. Examples of the artificial material of the amorphous silica-containing inorganic material include fly ash, silica fume (fumed silica), silica fine powder recovered in the production of molten zirconia, silica recovered in producing silica glass such as optical fiber, Fine silica powder which is synthesized by vapor phase reaction in a high temperature hydrogen flame by vaporizing a synthetic silica fine powder or silicon chloride which is produced by burning (oxidation) a metallic silicon (Si, silicon), an aqueous solution of sodium silicate (Kaolinite = Al ₂ O ₃ .2SiO ₂ .2H ₂ O, dicite (Al ₂ O ₃ .2SiO ₂ ), which is synthesized by adjusting the pH of the precipitated silica or silica gel, rice husk or rice straw, ₂ · 2H ₂ O), haloites (Al ₂ O ₃ · 2SiO ₂ · 4H ₂ O)), calcined clays such as meta kaolin calcined at about 500 to 900 ° C., (廢 瓦), waste bricks, waste pottery, Waste ceramics, etc.), and blast fumes generated during steel making. Examples of the natural material of the amorphous silica-containing inorganic material include siliceous clay, tuff (rhyolitic tuff, zeolitic tuff), dayite, diatomaceous earth, acidic volcanic rock, ash, shirasu and the like.

As the amorphous silica-containing inorganic material, it is preferable to use fly ash (coal ash) which is inexpensive and easy to obtain, and as the fly ash, it is preferable that the I type standard product and the II type standard product specified in Japanese Industrial Standard JIS A 6201 "fly ash for concrete" , Class III standard products, IV standard products, classified fly ash adjusted to a specific particle diameter (particle size distribution) of 10 to 20 m maximum particle size, CaO represented by pressurized fluidized bed coal ash (PFBC) And a high calcium type fly ash containing at least% by mass. Among these, it is more preferable to use a JIS Class I or II standardized product having a small amount of impurities, a classified fly ash, and a high-calcium-type fly ash containing 10% by mass or more of CaO, High-calcium-type fly ash containing 10% by mass or more is particularly preferable because of high pozzolanic reactivity.

These amorphous silica-containing inorganic materials are preferably those of general industrial grades adjusted to a particle diameter of about 10 to 100 mu m, and those obtained by mixing the above-exemplified materials singly or in any combination in any mixing ratio It can also be used.

It is preferable that the amorphous silica-containing inorganic material is contained in an amount of 1 to 10 mass% from the viewpoint of exhibiting self-healing performance of a good crack among the repairing materials containing the self-healing material.

As the ettringite-based and / or burnishing-accounting expanding material, which is an auxiliary material for the self-healing material, commercially available etlinite-based (calcium sulfoaluminate-based) expanding materials, burnishing accounting expanding materials, ethene- , containing active ingredients, the Irwin = calcium sulfo aluminate _{(3CaO · 3Al 2 O 3 ·} CaSO 4) or cement clinker or cement, non-small castle expandable material component containing the free lime (CaO) or glass gypsum (CaSO ₄₎ of expandable material And materials (gypsum, arabin, and calcium oxide powders which are mixed in arbitrary combination and mixing ratios, and no calcination treatment is performed after mixing). Among these expanding materials or non-small expansion material component-containing materials, it is preferable that the quality is stable and meet the specifications of Japanese Industrial Standard JIS A 6202 " Expansion Material for Concrete ".

The expandable material preferably has a general industrial grade adjusted to a particle size of about 10 to 100 占 퐉, and the above-exemplified materials may be used singly or in any combination in any mixing ratio. It is preferable that 1 to 10 mass% is contained in the repair material containing the self-healing material because self-healing performance of a good crack is expressed.

Examples of the material containing calcium oxide (calcium oxide, CaO) to be an auxiliary material of the self-healing material include commercially available quick lime for sintering for steel making, quick lime for steelmaking furnace, hard burned (burnt) Quicklime for soil improvement, and converter slag and electric furnace reducing slag containing a large amount of calcium oxide as a by-product of steelmaking.

In the present invention, it is preferable to use lightweight (small) quicklime or hard hardened calcium lime in which the digestion rate (hydration reaction rate) is slower than that of ordinary quick lime. A material containing calcium oxide generates Ca (OH) ₂ by reaction with water, but this reaction is also volumetric expansion and also functions as an expansion agent.

Further, by combining the carbonate of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal with an inorganic material containing calcium oxide, it is possible to obtain a reaction product having high stability such as calcium carbonate (calcite, CaCO ₃ ) It is possible to partially precipitate (generate) cracks in the concrete, and further excellent crack self-healing performance can be obtained.

In order to avoid pop-out of the repair material paste hardened product containing the self-healing material and the repair material mortar hardened product, the inorganic material containing calcium oxide may have a part of expansion reactivity, It is preferable to use adjusted powders, and a plurality of calcium oxides having a single kind or an arbitrary kind and having different particle diameters may be used.

The calcium oxide-containing material is preferably contained in the repairing material containing the self-healing material in an amount of 1 to 10 mass% from the viewpoint of exhibiting good self-healing ability of cracking.

The short fibers to be auxiliary materials of the self-healing material are not particularly limited, except for staple fibers harmful to the human body such as asbestos (asbestos), and any materials such as polymer fibers, inorganic fibers, and metal fibers Can be used.

Examples of the polymer fiber include a vinyl polymer polymer fiber, a polypropylene polymer fiber, a polyvinyl alcohol polymer fiber, a polyacrylic polymer fiber, a polyacrylonitrile polymer fiber, a polyamide polymer fiber, a polyurethane polymer fiber, Rayon-based polymer fibers, and acetate-based polymer fibers.

Examples of the inorganic fibers include inorganic alkali fibers such as alkali resistant glass fibers, rock wool, slag wool, wollastonite fibers, alkaline magnesium sulfate fibers, potassium titanate fibers, atapalite (parigoldicite) Based carbon fiber, pitch-based carbon fiber, and the like. Examples of the metal fiber include steel fibers, high-tensile steel fibers, and stainless fibers.

Among them, vinylon-based polymer fibers and polypropylene-based polymer fibers, which are inexpensive organic fibers, are preferably used. As inorganic fibers, it is preferable to use rockers, slag wool, wollastonite fibers, basic magnesium sulfate fibers, potassium titanate fibers, atapalite (parigoldskite), and sepiolite which have high affinity with self-healing materials and cement , And the use of basic magnesium sulfate fibers having a composition (component) of self-healing material (aluminosilicate, magnesium silicate), atapalite (pariguscite), and sepiolite is particularly preferable.

The shape of the short fibers is preferably 6 mm or less in fiber length and 0.1 mm or less in fiber diameter. The staple fibers may be used singly, but a plurality of staple fibers having different materials and shapes may be mixed in any combination and at an arbitrary mixing ratio.

It is preferable that the staple fibers are contained in the repairing material containing the self-healing material in an amount of 0.1 to 5% by volume from the viewpoint of improving the bending strength of the repairing material or preventing peeling off.

Examples of the water absorbent resin serving as an auxiliary material for the self-healing material include a polyacrylic acid-based superabsorbent resin, a non-ion-type superabsorbent resin (such as a modified polyalkylene oxide), a cationic superabsorbent resin, (Acrylamide · tertiary butyl sulfonic acid and the like) and the like.

Among these, a non-ion-type superabsorbent resin (such as a modified polyalkylene oxide) or a high-purity sulfone (hereinafter, referred to as " modified polyalkylene oxide ") which is hardly deteriorated in absorbing ability even in a coexistent environment with a cementitious material that generates a large amount of Ca ions upon contact with water, It is preferable to use an acid-based vinyl monomer (acrylamide · tertiary butyl sulfonic acid or the like), and in particular, the absorption amount according to JIS K 7223 " Test method for absorption amount of superabsorbent resin " is 20 to 40 g / , 20 to 40 (g / g) in the case of artificial seawater, and 20 to 40 (g / g) in the case of a highly alkaline aqueous solution filtered out from a 50 mass% aqueous slurry of cement Particularly preferred.

It is preferable that the material containing the water absorbent resin is contained in the repair material containing the self-healing material in an amount of 0.01 to 5 mass%.

When a plurality of kinds of repairing materials are contained, it is preferable that the repairing material containing the self-healing material contains a maximum of 10 mass%, preferably 5 mass% or less, of the total amount of the auxiliary materials.

Examples of the fine aggregates used in the repairing material of the present invention include minerals such as silica, feldspar, stones, calcium carbonate, carbonates of alkali metals or alkaline earth metals, inorganic materials or minerals containing lithium, inorganic materials or minerals containing magnesium, At least one kind of material selected from the group consisting of an inorganic material and a blast furnace slag can be used as the fine aggregate of mortar whose particle size is adjusted to 1 mm or less in maximum particle size.

If the maximum particle diameter exceeds 1 mm, the workability when the repair material (mortar) of the present invention is applied to the concrete surface portion just above the crack on the surface of the concrete and along the crack portion thereof is deteriorated, and the coating thickness Is excessively excessive, the maintenance material after coating tends to peel off due to the action of gravity, or cracks tend to occur in the applied repairing material itself, which is not preferable. In particular, the coating thickness of the repairing material can not be set to 1 mm or less, which is not preferable.

The total amount of fine aggregates to be added is preferably 5 parts by mass or less based on 1 part by mass of the total of the self-healing material and the cement. When the added amount of the fine aggregate containing silica is more than 5 parts by mass, the content of the self-healing material in the repair material becomes low, and the self-healing performance against the crack accompanying the water leakage in the concrete structure can not be sufficiently obtained. Therefore, the total amount of the fine aggregates to be used in the repair material (mortar) is set to 5 parts by mass or less based on 1 part by mass of the self-healing material and the cement, taking the crack repairing ability and the manufacturing cost of the repair material (mortar) into consideration .

Examples of the silica to be the fine aggregate of the mortar include silica and silica of natural acid.

Among these, it is preferable to use silica powder and silica sand for low-cost and easy-to-obtain ceramics raw materials or for building materials. All of these can be used for general industrial grades whose particle size is adjusted to 1 mm or less (milled). As the silica, the above-mentioned minerals may be used singly or in any combination and at any mixing ratio.

In addition, as feldspar which the fine aggregates in the mortar, President belonging to the plagioclase seats _{(CaAl 2 Si 2 O 8)} , albite (NaAlSi ₃ O _8), meeting seats and promotes seat belonging to the mineral, alkali feldspar comprising a continuous solid solution, Minerals including quartzite (KAlSi ₃ O ₈ ), gauzeite (NaAlSi ₃ O ₈ ), quartzite and continuous solid solution of calcareous stone.

Among them, a strongly alkaline substance such as cement or a precipitate readily reacted with oxycarboxylic acid or dicarboxylic acid is particularly preferable. However, it is preferable to use a calcined stone for ceramics, which is inexpensive and easy to obtain, May be used. All of these can be used for general industrial grades whose particle size is adjusted to 1 mm or less. In addition, feldspar may be obtained by mixing the above-mentioned minerals together, or in any combination, and in any mixing ratio.

The stones used as the fine aggregate of the mortar include ceramics for ceramics containing particles of fine quartz (SiO ₂ ) and sericite (KAl ₂ AlSi ₃ O ₁₀ (OH) ₂ ) and minerals containing them .

Among these, it is preferable to use a minerals mainly composed of ceramics for ceramics which are inexpensive and easy to obtain, such as 초 도.. (天 草 陶 石). All of these can be used for general industrial grades whose particle size is adjusted to 1 mm or less. The stones may be obtained by mixing the above-mentioned minerals singly or in any combination and at any mixing ratio.

In addition, as the phosphate, the natural acid CaHPO ₄ (calcium secondary phosphate), golhoe (calcium phosphate _{= Ca 3 (PO 4) 2} ), Ca (H 2 PO 4) 2 ( the first calcium phosphate), Ca ₃ (PO ₄ ) ₂ (tribasic calcium phosphate).

Among them, CaHPO ₄ (calcium phosphate dibasic) reacts with the calcium hydroxide produced as a hydrate of the cement mineral and the layer silicate mineral (magnesium silicate) to form Ca ₅ (PO ₄ ) ₃ (OH) hydroxy apatite = hydroxyl _{apatite), Ca 18 Mg 2 H 2} (PO 4) 14 ( hwiteul a kite), acid 3 calcium, calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate, calcium hydrogen phosphate anhydride, phosphoric acid, such as amorphous calcium phosphate, phosphoric acid 8 calcium Since it is possible to generate a calcium compound and precipitate (generate) dense hydrate in the cracked portion. It is also preferable to use calcium phosphate having a general industrial grade whose particle size is adjusted to 1 mm or less, and the above-mentioned minerals may be used singly or in any combination in any mixing ratio.

As the carbonate of the alkali metal or the alkaline earth metal serving as the fine aggregate of the mortar, an inorganic carbonate of natural acid is suitable, and for example, CaCO ₃ (calcium carbonate; calcite, aragonite, battarite) dolomite ; CaCO ₃ .MgCo ₃ ), magnesite (cobalt oxide, main component = MgCO ₃ ), and the like.

Among them, limestone containing CaCO ₃ (calcite) as a main component, shell shell containing CaCO ₃ (aragarite) as a main component, and dolomite containing MgCO ₃ (magnesium carbonate) as a main component, Is particularly preferable because of its excellent characteristics. The carbonates of the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal are preferably those of general industrial grade whose particle size is adjusted to 1 mm or less. The carbonates of the above alkali metals or alkaline earth metals may be used singly or in any combination Further, they may be mixed at an arbitrary mixing ratio.

Examples of inorganic materials or minerals containing lithium that serve as fine aggregates of the mortar include natural materials such as petalite (lepidolite; LiAlSi ₄ O ₁₀ ), spojumene (lycia stones; LiAlSi ₂ O ₆ ), lepidolite Containing minerals such as K (Li, Al) ₃ (AlSi ₃ O ₁₀ ) (OH, F) ₂ ), amblegonite, montebraite and biquitaite.

Among these, use of lithium-containing minerals such as petalite (lepidolite) and spodumene (riciafilm), which are inexpensive, is preferable. The lithium-containing inorganic material or mineral is preferably used as a fine aggregate of a mortar with a general industrial grade ground to a particle diameter of 1 mm or less. The lithium-containing inorganic material or mineral may be obtained by mixing the above-exemplified inorganic material or mineral either singly or in any combination and at any mixing ratio.

Inorganic materials or minerals containing magnesium as the fine aggregates of the mortar are preferably selected from the group consisting of MgCO ₃ (magnesium carbonate), MgO (magnesium oxide = magnesia, ferric lace), Mg (OH) ₂ (magnesium hydroxide = site), MgSO ₄ (magnesium _{sulfate), Mg (nO 2) 2} ( nitrite, _{magnesium), Mg (nO 3) 2} ( magnesium _{nitrate), 2MgO · 3SiO 2 · nH} 2 O ( magnesium silicate, n = no), Mg _{6 a l2 (CO 3) (} OH) 16 · 4H 2 O ( hydrotalcite), such as magnesium compounds, industrial, ferro nickel by-product during the refining slag, ferro-nickel and the naengjae Japanese industrial standard concrete suitable to JIS a 5011-2 Magnesium-containing slag such as ferronickel slag fine aggregate for aggregate, and magnesium-containing refractory such as polestarite brick and martite brick. Examples of natural products include dolomite (high kaolin, CaCO ₃ .MgCO ₃ ) containing magnesium in a large amount, magnesite (Goto Goto, main component = MgCO ₃ ), olam rock = olivine (dinoite, olivine sand, , the night the sand or the like, the main component _{= (Mg, Fe) 2 SiO} 4), serpentinite comprises _{(3MgO · 2SiO 2 · 2H 2} O, some brucite = Mg (OH) _2), amphibole (Mg ₇ (Si ₄ O _{11) 2} (excluding OH) _2, but not containing asbestos = asbestos), pyroxene, mitigation pyroxene (Enschede other tight _{= Mg 2 Si 2 O 6)} , diopside (CaMgSi ₂ O _6), choline gayiteu (Mg _{10 Fe 2 CO 3 (OH)} 24 · 2H 2 O), show Granite _{(sjogrenite) (Mg 6 Fe 2} (OH) 16 CO 3 · 4H 2 O), Pyro O light (Mg ₆ Fe ₂ (OH) ₁₆ CO ₃ · may be a magnesium-containing minerals such as 4H ₂ O), Wavre by the Terai Te _{(Mg 6 Fe (OH) 13} CO 3 · 4H 2 O), Ness kweho knit (MgCO ₃ · 3H ₂ O) .

Of these, it is preferable to use dolomite, ferronickel slag fine aggregates and the like, which are inexpensive dolomite or cement-reactive. As the inorganic material or mineral which does not contain any swelling which is detrimental to concrete, the inorganic material or mineral exemplified above may be used singly or in any combination and at any mixing ratio.

The amorphous silica-containing inorganic material to be the fine aggregate of the mortar is an inorganic material and a mineral containing at least 50 mass% or more of amorphous (glassy) silica (silicon dioxide = SiO ₂ ) and having so-called pozzolanic reactivity. Examples of the artificial material of the amorphous silica-containing inorganic material include fly ash (coal ash), kaolin mineral (kaolinite = Al ₂ O ₃ .2SiO ₂ .2H ₂ O, decite (Al ₂ O ₃ .2SiO ₂ .2H ₂ O ), Halite (Al ₂ O ₃ .2SiO 2 .4H ₂ O)), calcined clay represented by meta kaolin and the like which are fired at about 500 to 900 ° C, waste materials generated from ceramics (waste, , Waste ceramics, etc.). Examples of the natural material of the amorphous silica-containing inorganic material include siliceous clay, tuff (rhyolitic tuff, zeolitic tuff), dayite, diatomaceous earth, acidic volcanic rock, ash, shirasu and the like.

Among these, fly ash (coal ash, furnace bottom ash) or siliceous clay, tuff (rhyolitic tuff, zeolitic tuff), fly ash, fly ash, Diatomaceous earth, acidic volcanic rock, volcanic ash, shirasu and the like. The amorphous silica-containing inorganic material preferably has a general industrial grade adjusted to a particle diameter of 1 mm or less, and the above-exemplified materials may be used singly or in any combination in any mixing ratio .

Examples of the blast furnace slag used as the fine aggregate of the mortar include blast furnace slag fine aggregate as a by-product of steelmaking and blast furnace slag.

Among them, blast furnace slag coarse aggregate or blast furnace slag fine aggregate specified in JIS A 5011-1 " Slag aggregate for concrete - Part 1: Blast furnace slag aggregate ", which is stable in quality among the blast furnace slag, Is preferably used. As the material having the above-mentioned latent hydraulic properties, the materials exemplified above may be used singly or in any combination and at any mixing ratio.

When a paste or mortar containing a self-healing material obtained by mixing the above-described materials is applied to a concrete surface on which cracks accompanied by leakage are generated, excellent self-healing property can be imparted to such concrete, It is possible to maintain the self-healing property throughout.

The factors of the above effects are not clear, but are presumed as follows.

That is, the self-healing material contained in the repairing material used in the present invention is a material which is insoluble in the cracked portion of the concrete due to hydration reaction with water to generate a hydrate having swellability, So that the cracked portion can be filled. The layered silicate mineral in the self-healing material is swollen by reaction with water and then combined with a hydrate or eluted component produced from another self-healing material to form insoluble precipitates in the cracked portion can do. When water is submerged in the cracked portion of the concrete coated or coated with these, the layered silicate mineral having swelling property is swollen on the fly, so that the voids in the concrete are firstly buried in the concrete so that the hydrate in the concrete can be precipitated .

Subsequently, a component eluted by the reaction of feldspar with oxycarboxylic acid or dicarboxylic acid is transferred to the cracked portion by diffusion or the like, whereby an excellent effect can be exhibited by selectively occluding the cracked portion (self-healing) .

In addition, an auxiliary material (calcium carbonate, an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal carbonate, an inorganic material or a mineral containing magnesium, an inorganic material containing an amorphous silica, an etrinite system and / or an auxiliary material) promoting the self- A material containing calcium oxide, at least one kind of material selected from the group consisting of staple fibers) is added, the self-repairing action of the crack accompanying leakage can be further improved.

(Silica, feldspar, stones, calcium phosphate, carbonates of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, inorganic materials or minerals containing lithium, inorganic materials or minerals containing magnesium, etc.) which promote the self- Amorphous silica-containing inorganic material, and blast furnace slag), it is possible to improve the workability (filling property, coating property) of the repair and the post-application It is possible to improve the stability (durability) of the repairing material.

A method of repairing cracks accompanied by leakage of water in a concrete structure of the present invention is a method of repairing cracks in a concrete structure, comprising the steps of: placing a repairing material, which is a paste or mortar containing the self-healing material, immediately above a crack on a concrete surface, To the surface of the substrate.

In another concrete structure of the present invention, a method for repairing cracks accompanied by leakage is characterized in that, in a concrete structure in which a crack accompanied by leakage occurs, the concrete structure is cut at a position just above the crack on the concrete surface along the crack, And then filling or injecting the repair material, which is a paste or mortar containing the self-healing material, into the hole and discharging the cracked concrete surface portion Is further applied with a repairing material which is paste or mortar containing the self-healing material.

Preferably, in the method for repairing cracks accompanied by leakage of water in the concrete structure of the present invention, before applying, filling, or injecting the repair material of paste or mortar containing the self-healing material, It is preferable to previously apply an aqueous solution of silicate.

Inorganic self-healing materials are excellent in self-healing performance of cracks. However, when a repair material containing a self-healing material is simply filled in a cracked portion of a concrete surface, the self-healing effect of cracks The crack repair method of the concrete structure of the present invention can be applied to the concrete surface portion by applying the paste or mortar containing the self-healing material to the concrete surface portion just above the crack on the concrete surface and along the crack portion , The cracks on the concrete surface portion are blocked, and the amount of water leakage (leakage speed) is greatly lowered, and the water can be stopped.

Further, after a plurality of holes are formed by cutting the concrete surface just above the cracks along the cracks, the paste or mortar containing the self-healing material is filled or injected into the holes, and furthermore, By applying a paste or mortar containing the self-healing material exemplified above to the cracked concrete surface portion accompanied by leakage including the injected holes, the cracks on the concrete surface portion are closed to reduce the leakage amount It can be further lowered than in the case where only application is performed. The concentration of various metal ions or fine particles which act as precursors of precipitates, for example, self-healing the cracks is increased from the self-healing material contained in the filled paste or the mortar, It is possible to effectively prevent cracks existing at positions deeper than the concrete surface and to self-heal.

The method of repairing cracks accompanying leakage of water in the concrete structure of the present invention can be applied to a case where the width of the crack to be repaired exceeds 0.3 mm in the concrete surface portion.

The concrete structure to which the method of repairing cracks of the concrete structure of the present invention can be applied is not particularly limited and may be applied to any civil engineering and building structure. For example, a concrete upper structure of a high-priced bridge, It is possible to apply to cracks generated in slabs, walls, etc. of building structures such as office buildings or mansions, and the like. Also, in concrete structures such as high-priced bridges commonly used in open-air, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of cracks in concrete structures due to changes in environment (season, climate, temperature, humidity, solar radiation, etc.) Cracks can be repaired again by the unreacted repair material remaining on the coated portion or the charged portion even if the crack width is changed (cracks occur again) in the cracked portion that has been repaired once. That is, according to the repairing material and the repairing method of the present invention, it is possible to self-repair the cracks following the change of the crack width with time. In the present invention, for example, only the cracks generated in any one of the lower surface of the concrete top plate of the bridge, the side surface of the pier, and the inner surface of the concrete concrete of the tunnel are subjected to repair, There is little or no interference with public.

Furthermore, it is preferable that the silicate aqueous solution is previously applied as the ground treatment material before applying, filling or injecting the paste or mortar containing the self-healing material of the present invention. The aqueous silicate solution to be used is preferably an aqueous solution of sodium silicate (water glass = Na ₂ O.nSiO ₂ .xH ₂ O, n = 2 to 4), magnesium tetrafluoride (magnesium hexafluorosilicate), aqueous sodium silicate solution and the like.

Among these, use of an aqueous sodium silicate solution (water glass) which is inexpensive and easy to obtain is preferable. When an aqueous solution of sodium silicate (water glass) is applied to concrete, it reacts with calcium hydroxide, which is a cement hydrate existing in concrete, to generate an insoluble calcium silicate compound (hydrate), thereby forming dense hydrate in a cracked portion. The concentration of the aqueous solution of sodium silicate (water glass) was 58% by mass (sodium silicate 1), 52% by mass (sodium silicate 2) and 42% by mass (sodium silicate 3) It is preferable to use it by appropriately diluting it with water, and it is preferable that the amount of application is such that flow-down does not occur on the concrete surface. Further, it is preferable to apply the silicate aqueous solution to the surface of the concrete having the crack and the portion of the slit before the applied silicate aqueous solution is fully impregnated, and then apply the paste or mortar containing the self-healing material Do.

The method for repairing cracks in a concrete structure of the present invention applies a paste or mortar containing a self-healing material to a crack surface just above a crack on a concrete surface of a cracked concrete structure. At this time, hard paste or mortar is used to prevent the maintenance material from flowing down or coming off due to the action of gravity or peeling off. In addition, at the time of application, the cut part (cut part) remaining on the surface of the cleaned concrete is removed by high-pressure air or a brush, and then a finger, a fine trowel, a roller, a brush, It is preferable to apply it properly.

More specifically, the coating is performed by applying a crack repairing material in accordance with cracks formed on the concrete surface to be repaired. For example, by using the above-mentioned disk grinder, electric brush or the like, the crack repair material is applied to the cleaned portion where the width of the crack is about 30 to 100 mm and the band is removed, and the coating thickness is in the range of 0.5 to 3 mm . If the coating thickness is less than 0.5 mm, the repairing material containing the self-healing material is insufficient and the effect of reducing the amount of leakage from the crack becomes insufficient. If the coating thickness exceeds 3 mm, the effort of coating becomes excessive, and furthermore, the repairing material containing the self-healing material becomes excessive, which is not preferable because it is economically uneconomical.

The method of repairing cracks in a concrete structure of the present invention is such that cracks are formed along the cracks just above the cracks of the concrete surface of the cracked concrete structure to form a plurality of cracks. The punched hole is formed including a cracked portion, and a plurality of punched holes are formed along the cracked portion. A paste or mortar containing a self-healing material is filled or injected into the portion of the piercing hole. The size of the punched hole is preferably 10 to 30 mm in diameter and 20 to 60 mm in depth and the interval of the holes is in the range of 40 to 100 mm.

The crack of the concrete structure to which the present invention can be applied is not particularly limited, and can be suitably applied, for example, to a crack with a crack width of about 0.3 mm and accompanying leakage of water through the concrete member.

Specifically, the punched hole has a width of about 30 to 100 mm around the cracked portion, that is, along the cracked portion formed on the surface of the concrete to be repaired, that is, including a cracked portion and is formed by using a disk grinder, After cleaning, use a general tightening machine such as a hammer drill to remove the reinforcing bars and sheath pipes in the concrete structure so as not to damage them.

It is preferable that the depth of the slit is about the thickness of the concrete covering the reinforcing bars. Further, when the diameter of the hole is less than 10 mm and the depth is less than 20 mm, and the interval of the holes is more than 100 mm, the repairing material containing the self-healing material is insufficient and self-healing of the crack becomes insufficient. Further, when the diameter of the hole is more than 30 mm, the depth is more than 60 mm, and the interval of the holes is less than 40 mm, the effort of the filling operation of the repairing work and the repairing material becomes excessive and the repairing material including the self- , Which is undesirable because it is uneconomical in terms of the method.

In addition, the repair material containing the self-healing material used in the present invention may be obtained by partially removing a crack structure such as a concrete structure, for example, a bottom surface of a concrete top plate of a bridge and a side surface of a pier and a concrete inner surface of a tunnel, It is preferable to use hard pasty paste or mortar in order to prevent the maintenance material from flowing down or coming off (dropping) due to the action of gravity.

In filling the crack repairing material, the cut portion (cutting portion) remaining in the cut hole can be removed by high-pressure air or a brush, and then suitably filled with a finger, a metal rod, a resin rod, or an injection device .

In the method of repairing cracks in the concrete structure of the present invention, after the plurality of punched holes are filled with the crack repairing material, the cracks are formed along the cracks formed on the surface of the concrete on which the punched holes are formed, And the crack repair material is applied along the crack portion.

For example, it is possible to apply a crack repairing material within a coating thickness range of 0.5 to 3 mm to a cleaned portion having a width of about 30 to 100 mm and a band shape around the cracked portion using the above disk grinder, electric brush or the like desirable.

When the coating thickness is less than 0.5 mm, the repairing material containing the self-healing material is insufficient and the effect of reducing the leakage amount from the crack becomes insufficient, which is not preferable. If the coating thickness exceeds 3 mm, the effort of coating becomes excessive, furthermore, the repairing material containing the self-healing material becomes excessive, which is undesirable because it is economically uneconomical.

Example

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

[Used equipment]

V type mixer (self-healing material = powder pre-mix, capacity 50 liters, 200V three-phase motor output 2.6kW)

Mortar mixer (for paste or mortar mixing, Hobart mixer N-50, JIS R 5201 "Physical test method of cement", 100 V single phase motor output 125 W)

Concrete mixer (concrete kneader, TAIHEI YAKIKO CO., LTD., 2-axis forced dough mixer, SUPER DOUBLE MIXER SD-100, capacity 100 liters, 200V 3-phase motor output 5.5kW)

Concrete pressure tester (for crack introduction by splitting of circumference specimen, made by Shimadzu, maximum load capacity 3000KN)

Digital microscope (for crack observation, VHX-1000, manufactured by KEYENCE CORPORATION)

Disk grinder (for cleaning concrete section removal, Hitachi Koki Co., disk diameter 125mm, 100V single-phase motor output 960W)

Hammer drill (for cutting cross-section of circumference specimen, Hitachi Kokusa, DH42, 100V single-phase motor output 1140W)

[Materials used]

(1) Self-healing materials

Layered silicate minerals: Na-bentonite (western gel, bentonite industry, Wyoming, USA, maximum particle diameter 50 μm) and talc (general purpose talc SSS, Nippon Talc, maximum particle size 50 μm)

Feldspar (calcined feldspar, manufactured by Kyoritsu Kogyo Co., Ltd., india, for ceramics raw material, ground product, maximum particle size 100 μm)

Oxycarboxylic acid or dicarboxylic acid (anhydrous citric acid, manufactured by Fusokagakuko Co., Ltd., food additive, crushed product, maximum particle size 100 μm)

The four types of materials were weighed so that the total amount of one batch was 10 kg at the blending ratios shown in the following Table 1 and then mixed with a V type mixer to prepare a self-healing material.

(2) Auxiliary materials

A: Calcium phosphate (calcium phosphate dibasic calcium phosphate, acetic acid, manufactured by Toyo Denka Kogyo Co., Ltd., for feed), Chinese commodity, crushed product,

B: Carbonate of alkali metal (high purity lithium carbonate, manufactured by Honjo Chemical Co., Ltd., for producing battery material, available from Chile, finely pulverized product, maximum particle size 20 μm)

C: Inorganic material or mineral containing magnesium (light magnesium carbonate, manufactured by Fukushima Kagaku Koho, for food addition, maximum particle diameter 50 m)

D: Amorphous silica-containing inorganic material (Fly ash, JIS A 6201, Class II, Japan, maximum particle size 50 탆)

E: Expansion material based on ettringite (calcium sulfoaluminate) (SACS, Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co., Ltd., JIS R 6202 compliant, maximum particle diameter 45 μm)

F: Inorganic material containing calcium oxide (hardened calcium oxide, manufactured by Yoshizawa Seika Ikogyo Co., Ltd., for dry material, maximum particle diameter: 50, 탆)

G: short fibers (vinylon short fiber, wave theory RFCS7 × 6, Kuraray Co. claim, 27㎛ fiber diameter, fiber length of 6mm, density = 1 3g / cm ^3.)

H: absorption capacity (20 - 30 g / g) of a highly alkaline aqueous solution filtered from a 50 mass% aqueous slurry of cement, made by Aqua Coca Cola TWB, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., modified polyalkylene oxide / nonionic type thermoplastic water absorbent resin;

The eight kinds of auxiliary materials were added in the range of 1 to 15 mass% in terms of internal ratio to the self-healing material adjusted in Table 1 (Table 2).

(3) Materials for pastes or mortars

Cement (low heat Portland cement, Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co., Ltd., JIS R 5210 compliant, density = 3.24 g / cm ³ )

Water (tap water, Jibaken Funabashi City)

(4) Fine aggregates for mortars

E1 = silica (No. 3 silica, manufactured by Tokai Kogyo Co., Ltd., Aichi Kensan, for building materials, maximum particle diameter 2.4 mm)

E2 = silica (No. 7 silica sand N70, manufactured by Nikkei Co .; Tochigi Kensan, for building materials, maximum particle size 300 탆)

F = feldspar (calcite feldspar, manufactured by Kyoritsu Kogyo Co., Ltd., India, for ceramics raw material, maximum particle diameter 400 μm)

G = stover (Tsunetsu-dozen, Kyoji Kogyo Co., Kumamoto Ken Amakusa, for ceramics raw material, maximum particle diameter 400 m)

H = calcium phosphate (calcium phosphate dibasic calcium phosphate, manufactured by ETIE, TOYODENKAKO CO., LTD., Made in China, for feed use, maximum particle diameter 600 μm)

I = carbonates of alkaline earth metal (limestone = CaCO ₃ , manufactured by OMIKO Co., Ltd., crushed product, maximum particle diameter 600 μm)

J = lithium-containing inorganic material or mineral (LiSi ₂ O ₆ , manufactured by Tohto Corporation, Australia, for ceramics raw materials, containing Li ₂ O = 5.1%, ground product,

K = magnesium-containing inorganic material or mineral (dolomite = MgCO ₃ , tosylenesanoic acid, ground product, maximum particle diameter 600 μm)

L = Amorphous silica-containing inorganic material (Beppu clay = natural pozzolan, chemical composition: SiO ₂ = 89%, Al ₂ O ₃ = 5%, Oita Kobe Buppu,

M = blast furnace slag (finely pulverized product of blast furnace slag fine aggregate, JIS A 5011-1 compliant product, maximum particle size 900 μm)

As shown in Table 2 below, the respective materials were compounded at a blending ratio so as to obtain each repairing material. Specifically, using the self-healing material shown in Table 1, the repairing paste containing no auxiliary material was used as the repairing material No. 2 and the repairing paste to which the self-healing material was not added was used as the repairing material No. 2, No.1.

Further, the repairing paste containing the self-healing material of Table 1 and the eight kinds of auxiliary materials of (2) above was prepared as the repairing materials No. 3 to 10.

Using the self-healing material of Table 1, the eight kinds of the above-mentioned (2), and the nine kinds of the fine aggregate materials of the above-mentioned (4), the repair mortar Materials Nos. 11 to 28) were prepared.

(5) Treatment materials

Aqueous solution of sodium silicate (aqueous solution of Na ₂ SiO ₃ , equivalent to sodium silicate No. 3 according to JIS K 1408, concentration = 40 to 42 mass%, SiO ₂ content = 28 to 30 mass%, manufactured by Fujikawa Chemical Industries,

(6) Simulation test; Cracked concrete Concrete Cylindrical specimen material

Cement: ordinary Portland cement (Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co., Ltd., JIS R 5210 compliant, density = 3.15 g / cm ³ )

Fine aggregate: Sand from Zibacentomitsu soil (density of reference = 2.55 g / cm ³ , absorption rate 2.1%, FM = 2.65)

Coarse aggregate: Ibaraki Ken Hard sandstone crushed stone from Sakuragawa 2005 (density of reference = 2.66 g / cm ³ , absorption rate 0.6%, FM = 6.67)

Water: Waterworks

AE water reducing agent for concrete: (BASF, lignin sulfonate type, JIS A 6204 compliant)

[Simulation test; Preparation of Cracked Concrete Cylindrical Specimen]

Using the respective materials for the circumferential specimen of the crack-introduced concrete of (6) above, the mass ratio of water cement: 50% (unit water = 175 kg / m ³ ), s / a (aggregate fraction; absolute volume of fine aggregate ÷ (absolute volume of fine aggregate (Japan Industrial Standard JIS A 1101), air content = 4.5% (Japanese Industrial Standard JIS A (Japan Industrial Standard)), using an AE water reducing agent in an amount of 0.4 mass% 1128) were mixed in two batches at a constant temperature of 20 占 폚 in a constant temperature room and 70 liters per batch using a 100 liter mixer according to Japanese Industrial Standard JIS A 1138 "Method of Making Concrete in Test Room ". Using the kneaded fresh concrete, 62 circular specimens having a diameter of 100 mm and a height of 200 mm were manufactured using a forced (steel) simple mold according to Japanese Industrial Standard JIS A 1132 "Method of producing concrete specimens for concrete strength test" .

The prepared columnar specimen was sealed and cured for 91 days in a constant temperature room at 20 DEG C in a state where the head (opening) of the forced simplex mold was sealed using a polyethylene vinyl cap and a rubber band. After curing for 91 days, demolding was carried out, and all of the columnar specimens were heat-treated in accordance with JIS A 1113 "Method for testing the heat-induced tensile strength of concrete"

The circumferential specimen subjected to the heat treatment (fracture) is obtained by restricting the outside (side portion) of the columnar specimen at three places using three force bands having an inner diameter of 100 mm, a width of 12 mm and a thickness of 0.8 mm, The crack width of the surface portion of the upper and lower circumferential specimens was adjusted to about 0.3 mm by adjusting the tensile force of the steel band while observing the crack width of the crack portion introduced into the circumferential specimen using a microscope (measuring three specimens on the specimen upper and lower sides respectively) . After the crack width was adjusted to about 0.3 mm, a vinyl chloride pipe having an inner diameter of 100 mm and a height of 100 mm for the water test was connected to the upper surface of the columnar specimen (the upper side of the mold in producing the specimen), and the connection between the columnar specimen and the pipe, A commercially available sealing material (silicone rubber) was applied to the cracked portion of the substrate and subjected to exponential treatment.

All 62 surfaces of the manufactured cylindrical test specimens were removed by using a disc grinder to remove the entire surface of the specimen surface (the bottom surface of the mold at the time of specimen production) not connected with the vinyl chloride pipe . The 28 circumferential specimens having been subjected to the removal cleaning were subjected to the same procedure as in Example 1 except that the paste No. 1 to No. 10 or the No. 11 to No. 28 mortar shown in Table 2 were placed on the surface of the specimen not connected with the pipe made of vinyl chloride (Examples 1 to 26 and Comparative Examples 2 and 3 shown in Tables 3 and 4 below). In addition, none of the circumferential specimens having been removed and cleaned were applied for comparison (Comparative Example 1 in Table 4).

In the 28 circumferential specimens having been subjected to the removal cleaning, the number of the circumferential specimens was measured at a position just above the crack at the central portion of the face of the specimen not facing the pipe made of vinyl chloride (at the bottom face of the mold at the time of specimen production) A hole for filling a repairing material having a diameter of 16 mm and a depth of 30 mm was drilled in the central portion using the above hammer drill.

In the 28 circumferential specimens subjected to the removal cleaning and squeezing, the pastes of Nos. 1 to 10 or the Nos. 11 to 28 of the mortars shown in Table 2 were filled with a circular rod steel having a diameter of 10 mm and a plaster trowel . Thereafter, the same material (the pastes of Nos. 1 to 10 shown in Table 2 or the mortar of Nos. 11 to 28) filled in the holes in the respective specimens were immediately transferred to the specimen (Examples 27 to 52 and Comparative Examples 4 and 5 in the following Table 4) were applied to the entire surface of the cross section including the formed cracks (the bottom surface of the specimen not connected with the vinyl chloride pipe).

The remaining three of the circumferential specimens subjected to only the removal cleaning and the remaining two of the circumferential specimens subjected to the removal cleaning and the punching were subjected to the same treatment as that of the case where the sodium silicate aqueous solution was used as the base material, (On the bottom side of the mold at the time of production of the specimen) Cleaning surface, removal The cleaning surface and the punched portion (including the inside of the hole) were solo-coated. After the application was completed, the coated surface was allowed to stand for about 30 minutes, and the base material was sufficiently impregnated. Then, the paste was applied by using the paste No. 2 and the mortar of No. 11 in Table 2, Were carried out in the same manner as described above (Examples 53 to 56 in Table 4 below). In addition, only one of the columnar specimens subjected to removal cleaning alone was coated with an aqueous solution of sodium silicate for comparison (Comparative Example 6 in Table 4 below).

All of these operations were carried out in a constant temperature chamber at 20 DEG C, and the flow test (evaluation of the exponential property) of the columnar specimens started immediately after completion of application or application and filling of the repair material.

In the water flow test, the water surface of the columnar specimen was placed on the bottom of the steel net rack with the water surface facing downward, and then the water supply pipe was continuously supplied to the pipe made of vinyl chloride connected to the upper part of the columnar specimen. The flow rate was measured every 5 minutes immediately after the start of the water flow and on the 7th day from the start of the water flow.

As described above, the cracks on the cross section of the columnar specimen were subjected to water-repellency tests after application of a repairing material, application or filling and filling, and the evaluation results were shown in Examples 1 to 56 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 (when the repair material is not used, No. 1 = when the cement paste not containing the self-healing material is applied and / or filled: 2 cases, No. 11 = In the case of charging: 2 cases, in the case of applying only the base material).

After completing the first water test (water passing for 7 days), the pipe made of vinyl chloride and the steel band were removed from the column specimens for water test, and the cylindrical specimen was removed using a pressure resistance tester according to Japanese Industrial Standard JIS A 1113 Heat it again and break it back into two pieces.

The circumferential specimen subjected to the same heat treatment (fracture) as in the first time was prepared by precisely aligning the two fracture surfaces and setting the outside (side portion) of the circumference specimen to 3 (thickness) by using three force bands having an inner diameter of 100 mm, a width of 12 mm, And the crack width of the surface portion of the upper and lower circumferential specimens is adjusted to about 0.3 by controlling the tension of the forcible band while observing the crack width of the crack portion introduced into the circumferential specimen using a digital microscope (measuring three specimens on the specimen upper and lower sides respectively) mm. After the crack width was adjusted to about 0.3 mm, a vinyl chloride pipe having an inner diameter of 100 mm and a height of 100 mm for water test was connected to the upper surface of the columnar specimen (the upper side of the mold in producing the specimen) (Silicone rubber) was applied to the surface of the substrate to perform exponential treatment.

After the re-introduction of the crack due to the second heat treatment, the application or filling of the paste or the mortar was not carried out at all.

The water test (exponential evaluation) for the second circumference specimen started immediately after the reintroduction of the crack due to the second quenching. The water flow test was carried out in exactly the same manner as the first test. That is, water was continuously supplied to the pipe made of vinyl chloride connected to the upper part of the specimen, and the water was continuously supplied. The flow rate was measured every 5 minutes immediately after the start of the water flow and on the 7th day from the start of the water flow.

(Evaluation of workability)

As evaluation of the workability of the repair method, it was evaluated as to whether or not the application of the repairing material containing the self-healing material, filling and application work was possible, and the amount of work with respect to the construction (work efficiency) .

Judgment of workability

◎: Construction is possible, workload is very low, construction efficiency is very high

○: Construction is possible, workload is low, construction efficiency is high

Judgment ×: No construction, difficult working

(Water test; evaluation of exponent)

After applying, filling and applying a paste or mortar containing a self-healing material, tap water is poured into a pipe made of vinyl chloride connected to the upper part of the columnar specimen, and a water head of 10 cm at all times is given to the concrete The amount of leakage from the cracks of the circumferential specimen was measured for 7 days, and the evaluation of the exponential was evaluated by the following five indexes.

Exponential evaluation

Initial Leakage Amount = Leakage Rate every 5 minutes immediately after start of water flow

Evaluation A: When the amount of water leaking every 5 minutes on the 7th day of the water flow test becomes 1% or less of the initial water leakage amount

Evaluation B: When the amount of water leakage per 5 minutes on the 7th day of the water flow test is greater than 1% and less than 5% of the initial water leakage amount

Evaluation C: If the amount of water leaking every 5 minutes on the 7th day of the water flow test is greater than 5% and less than 10% of the initial leak amount

Evaluation D: When the amount of water leaking every 5 minutes on the 7th day of the water flow test is greater than 10% and less than 25% of the initial leak amount

Evaluation E: If the amount of water leaking every 5 minutes on the 7th day of the water flow test can not be made 25% or less of the initial amount of leaking water

From Table 3 and Table 4, Examples 1 to 56 of the present invention had no problems in workability and leakage was extremely effectively reduced. Especially, even in the second water passing test after reintroduction of cracks, it was possible to reduce the leakage very effectively, and as a result, it was judged as a good repairing method. On the other hand, in the case of Comparative Examples 1 to 6 other than the present invention, Or that the effect of preventing water leakage is insufficient.

Industrial availability

The method of repairing crack repair materials and cracks of concrete structures of the present invention can be applied to, for example, a method of repairing cracks and repairing cracks of concrete structures, such as concrete overheads of elevated bridges for railway or automobiles, And a slab or wall of an architectural structure such as an office building or a mansion. In addition, the present invention can be suitably applied to a concrete structure in which repair of cracks is difficult.

Claims (7)

A paste containing cement, water and a self-healing material (excluding the case of containing polychlorinated aluminum), wherein the self-healing material is a paste containing a layer silicate mineral, feldspar, oxycarboxylic acid or dicarboxylic acid A repairing material for cracking accompanied by leakage in a concrete structure. Mortar containing cement, water, fine aggregate and self-healing material, provided that the self-healing material does not contain a layered silicate mineral, feldspar, oxycarboxylic acid or dicarboxylic acid Wherein the fine aggregate is at least one selected from the group consisting of silica, feldspar, stones, calcium carbonate, an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonate, an inorganic material or mineral containing lithium, an inorganic material or mineral containing magnesium, an inorganic material containing amorphous silica, And a maximum particle diameter of not more than 1 mm. The repair material for cracking accompanied by leakage of water in a concrete structure. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
Wherein the self-healing material is selected from the group consisting of calcium carbonate, a carbonate of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, an inorganic material or mineral containing magnesium, an inorganic material containing amorphous silica, an etrinite and / or calcination accounting expanding material, calcium oxide, A water-repellent resin, a water-absorbent resin, and a water-absorbent resin. The repairing material for cracking accompanies water leakage in the concrete structure. Characterized in that the repairing material according to claim 1 or 2 is applied to the concrete surface portion immediately above and further along the crack of the concrete surface in the cracked concrete structure with leakage , A method for repairing a crack accompanied by leakage in a concrete structure. A concrete structure in which cracks accompanied by leaking water are generated, a plurality of holes are formed in the concrete structure just above the cracks of the concrete surface along the cracks to form a plurality of holes, The repairing material described in the above item 1 or 2 is applied to the cracked concrete surface portion accompanied by water leakage including a hole filled with or filled with the repairing material, Wherein the cracks are formed in the concrete structure. 5. The method of claim 4,
A method for repairing a crack accompanied by leakage of water in a concrete structure, characterized in that an aqueous silicate solution is previously applied as a ground treatment material before coating, filling, or injection of a maintenance material. 6. The method of claim 5,
A method for repairing a crack accompanied by leakage of water in a concrete structure, characterized in that an aqueous silicate solution is previously applied as a ground treatment material before coating, filling, or injection of a maintenance material.