KR101826024B1 - Nozzle for materials extrusion type 3d printer - Google Patents
Nozzle for materials extrusion type 3d printer Download PDFInfo
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- KR101826024B1 KR101826024B1 KR1020150147783A KR20150147783A KR101826024B1 KR 101826024 B1 KR101826024 B1 KR 101826024B1 KR 1020150147783 A KR1020150147783 A KR 1020150147783A KR 20150147783 A KR20150147783 A KR 20150147783A KR 101826024 B1 KR101826024 B1 KR 101826024B1
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- cross
- nozzle hole
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
Abstract
A 3D printer according to the present invention provides a material jetting type 3D printer nozzle in which a cross section of a lower nozzle hole of a nozzle through which molten material is ejected is a quadrangle whose two sides are perpendicular to each other, By using a nozzle having a nozzle hole, it is possible to improve the interfacial adhesion by laminating the surface contact, not the conventional point contact method, in lamination, thereby making it possible to manufacture a more smooth surface.
Description
The present invention relates to a nozzle of a 3D printer, and more particularly, to a nozzle for a 3D printer, and more particularly, to a 3D printer nozzle of a material jetting type, in which a cross section of a nozzle hole through which molten material is discharged is formed by a square- .
3D printing is a type of additive manufacturing that creates a desired shape through the process of stacking materials one by one, based on 3D digital data through scanning or modeling. In the broad sense, It also means whole processing. It is known that the 3D printing process can save more than 50% energy and about 90% more material than conventional processes.
The 3D printing method is divided into nine types according to the lamination method. Among them, the material extrusion method is widely used for home use because the hardware configuration is the simplest. Material injection type 3D printers include fused filament fabrication (FFF) and materials extrusion (ME) 3D printers. In general, an ME 3D printer produces a three-dimensional structure while spraying a material on an upper portion of a moving plate that is movable in the Z direction, the print head being movable in the XY axis direction. Filaments having a circular cross section of 1.25 mm to 3 mm in diameter are mainly used, and the supplied filaments are melted and injected through nozzles disposed under the printer head to form a single layer.
However, since the conventional ME 3D printer is manufactured by laminating the structures using nozzles having circular nozzle holes, there is a problem that the contact between the interfaces causes a line contact, resulting in a low output intensity and a rough surface. In order to solve these drawbacks, a method of softening the surface or increasing the strength through various post-treatments (heat treatment, chemical treatment) is used, but this method also has disadvantages such as being possible only in special materials or deforming the shape of the output .
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been conceived to solve the problems as described above, and it is an object of the present invention to improve the strength of a structure by improving the contact force between a material interface discharged from a stacked structure And to provide a nozzle of a material jetting type 3D printer which is capable of performing the above-described operation.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a nozzle of a material jet type 3D printer capable of improving the accuracy of a contour portion to be a surface in a laminated structure in a material jet type 3D printer.
In order to attain the above object, the present invention provides a method of 3D printing in a material jetting method, wherein nozzle holes are formed in the longitudinal direction in which nozzles for discharging molten material are formed, and in which two cross- A nozzle for injecting the material of the 3D printer is formed. By using a nozzle having a rectangular cross-sectional nozzle hole, it is possible to improve the interfacial adhesion by laminating the non-conventional point-contact type surface-contacting method.
According to the present invention, the nozzle hole has a square cross section. In the case of a nozzle having a square cross-sectional nozzle hole, the existing G-code can be output as it is, and a structure having improved strength can be manufactured by simply replacing the nozzle.
According to the present invention, the nozzle hole has a rectangular cross section. In the case of using a nozzle having a nozzle hole having a rectangular cross-sectional shape, a long face of the rectangular shaped molten material discharged through a nozzle hole is mainly used for forming an outline of the entire structure, and the short face is mainly used for forming the outer- When driven, the entire production speed and smooth surface can be obtained together.
According to the present invention, the 3D printer nozzle can be ejected by the 3D printer nozzle according to the shape of the structure, so that the 3D printer nozzle is realized by the step between the short sides of the molten material having the rectangular cross section in which the curved outer surface of the output structure is discharged. It is possible to change the lamination direction of the molten material.
According to the present invention, the nozzle hole includes a ridge raised roundly inward at each side of a rectangular cross section intersecting the longitudinal direction at least in a section of a length.
According to the present invention, the ejection material constituting the three-dimensional output material is coupled in a surface contact manner, thereby remarkably increasing the strength of the structure. Especially, it is effective to increase the elongation rate by 4 to 5 times by using a nozzle having a square cross-section of the nozzle hole while directly using the system of the 3D printer of the existing material injection method. According to the present invention, the tensile strength is remarkably increased, which acts as a direct factor in the strength of the three-dimensional output. When all of the output conditions are the same and the shape of the nozzle is changed to square, There is an increasing effect.
According to the present invention, when a nozzle having a rectangular cross-section nozzle hole is used, the production speed is the same as that of the conventional one, but it is possible to manufacture with a more precise dimension so that a smooth curved surface can be produced. Can be simultaneously obtained.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a material jet type 3D printer nozzle according to the present invention; FIG.
2A and 2B are a cross-sectional view 2a in the xx 'direction and a cross-sectional view 2b in the yy' direction, respectively, in the 3D printer nozzle of the material injection system of Fig.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a cross-sectional view (a) of a stacked structure using a nozzle having a circular cross-section of a nozzle hole and a cross-sectional view of a stacked structure using a nozzle having a square cross- Sectional view (b). Fig.
FIG. 4 is a view showing a result of tensile test of a tensile specimen using a circle nozzle having a circular cross section of a nozzle hole and a rectangular nozzle having a cross section of a nozzle hole, respectively.
5 is an explanatory view of a lamination mechanism using a nozzle having a rectangular cross section of a nozzle hole, which enables printing with improved precision and strength while maintaining the same output speed.
FIG. 6 conceptually shows that the precision of the stacked laminated structure is improved by using a 3D printer nozzle having a rectangular cross section of the nozzle hole.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
2 is a sectional view (2a) in the xx 'direction of a 3D printer nozzle of the material jetting type of Fig. 1, and Fig. 1 (b) is a cross- Sectional view (2b).
Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2A, a nozzle for injecting a molten material in a
The rectangular cross section having two sides intersecting at right angles includes a rectangular cross section in which two intersecting sides have the same length or a rectangular cross section in which two intersecting sides are different in length. According to the present invention, the cross section of the nozzle hole of the nozzle includes a square or a rectangle do.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a structure of a stacked structure using a nozzle having a square cross-section of a nozzle hole according to the present invention and a cross-section (a) of a structure stacked by using a nozzle having a circular cross- Sectional view (b). Fig.
As shown in FIG. 3, in the case of a structure in which a nozzle having a circular cross section is circular, the stacked material is discharged through the nozzle in a circular cross section, so that the contact between the discharged molten materials results in point or line contact (A)). However, according to the present invention, in the case of a structure in which nozzles having a square cross-section of a nozzle hole are stacked, the contact between the discharged molten materials is stacked while being in surface contact (see FIG. That is, when the cross section of the nozzle hole is a square or a rectangle according to the present invention, the discharge material between the layers forming the layer in the output structure and the discharge material between the layer and the layer are in surface contact, In addition, when the flat surface formed by the discharged molten material is observed, when the molten material is discharged in a rectangular shape and laminated, the surface roughness can be minimized because the surface curvature is minimized.
FIG. 4 is a view showing a result of tensile test using a circular nozzle having a circular cross-section of a nozzle hole and a rectangular nozzle having a square cross-section of a nozzle hole, The rest of the conditions were the same except that they were different.
The nozzle used in the experiment in which the cross section of the nozzle hole was a quadrangle was a nozzle having a nozzle hole having a square cross section of 840 μm on one side and a nozzle having a nozzle hole having a diameter of 0.4 mm was used for a circular nozzle. The experimental conditions were printing speed of 150 mm / sec, layer thickness of 0.1 mm, internal filling of 100%, number of shells (forming a border line), output nozzle temperature of 220 ℃ and bed temperature at room temperature.
The results of the tensile strength test of FIG. 4 show that the elongation increases by 4 to 5 times or more only by changing the cross-sectional shape of the nozzle hole, and the tensile strength of the structure output through 3D printing is increased by more than 20% Can be confirmed.
According to the present invention, when the cross section of the nozzle hole in the nozzles of the 3D printer of the material jetting type has a square cross section, the length of one side is preferably at least 50 um in order to prevent clogging of the nozzle. In the case of using the filament of the synthetic resin material among the material injection method, it is preferable that the filament molten material is 50 to 400um in order to prevent clogging in the nozzle, increase the completeness of the structure, and secure the output stability.
However, in the case of a material jet type 3D printer using a ceramic material, the length of one side of the nozzle hole can be freely selected according to the shape of the structure.
A nozzle having a nozzle hole having a rectangular cross section with one side equal to the diameter of a circular cross section of a conventional nozzle hole without changing the hardware and software of the existing 3D printer when the cross section of the nozzle hole of the nozzle has a square shape The strength of the structure can be improved and the surface roughness can be improved merely by replacing it.
Referring again to Figures 1 and 2B, the
In the material jet type 3D printer, a filament made of a thermoplastic resin is generally used. Such a filament usually has a circular cross section having a diameter of 1.25 mm and a width of 3 mm, and a filament having a diameter of 1.75 mm is widely used . The filament of the circular cross section is fed from the filament feeder while being melted in the printer head and discharged through the nozzle by the driving of the control section. The filament of the circular cross section is injected into the nozzle hole at the lower part of the nozzle having the square or rectangular cross section A uniform flow can not be formed due to the difference in cross-sectional shape of the material flow portion, so that there is a tendency to recover the circular shape again when the material is discharged through the nozzle hole from the nozzle.
According to the present invention, however, since the raised
According to the present invention, the
According to the embodiment of the present invention, the
Referring to FIG. 5, the nozzles are provided with nozzle holes each having a rectangular cross section whose two sides having mutually different lengths are mutually different. When the structures are stacked through the 3D printer nozzle having the nozzle holes of rectangular cross section, the output of the structure can be achieved while the long side (a) forms the height while the nozzle advances, and the short side (b) The output of the structure may be achieved. The steps of the x-axis and the y-axis depend on the ratio and dimension of the rectangular section of the nozzle hole, so that the step in the z-axis direction after lamination of each layer can also be organically changed.
According to the present invention, the short side of a rectangular cross section of the nozzle hole has a length of 100 micrometers (μm) to 400 micrometers (μm), and the length ratio (aspect ratio) of the short side to the long side is 2 to 4, . On the other hand, preferably, the short side and the long side preferably have a multiple relation of an integer. When the nozzle hole has a rectangular cross section, the stacking direction can be changed according to the shape of the structure. When the short side of the rectangular cross section and the long side have a multiple relation with an integer, the step according to the stacking direction change is solved to improve the output stability .
As described above, in the case of a 3D printer nozzle having a rectangular cross section of a nozzle hole, it is necessary to add a function of programming the stacking direction and the stacking thickness to the control unit of the 3D printer to determine the direction of the nozzle for stacking the structure.
Fig. 6 conceptually shows that the precision of the laminated structure is improved by using a 3D printer nozzle having a rectangular cross-section of the nozzle hole.
6 (b) and 6 (d), when the outer surface of the laminated structure has a curved line, the nozzles of the 3D printer having the rectangular cross-section of the nozzle holes are used, The direction of lamination of the structure can be controlled so that the curved shape is formed.
6 (b) is a cross-sectional view (Z is a height direction) in which the long side (a) of the rectangle is output so that the outer surface is curved while the outer surface is curved in the XY plane, ) Is a cross-sectional view (Z is the height direction) of the outer surface curved in the XZ plane so that the short side (b) of the rectangle becomes the height while the outer surface is curved. 6 (a) and 6 (c) are cross-sectional views of the nozzles of which the cross-section of the nozzle hole is circular and whose outer surface is curved, in which FIG. 6 (a) As can be seen from the comparison of (c) and (d), it can be seen that the accuracy of the curved outer surface is greatly increased.
When a 3D printer is used to produce or output a three-dimensional structure, the amount of material discharged through the nozzle affects the production speed. When a nozzle having a circular cross section of a conventional nozzle hole is used, Surface resolution (resolution) is improved, but production speed is slow. That is, the precision (resolution) and the fabrication speed have a relationship inversely proportional to each other.
However, in the case of a nozzle having a rectangular nozzle-hole cross-section, since it is possible to increase the discharge amount of the material while having a short side, the long side is used mainly for the contour of the whole structure, By using the coating, the overall production speed and smooth surface can be obtained together. In the case of nozzles with a rectangular cross section, the G-code design for outputting a 3-dimensional structure is calculated to find the optimal lamination path, since the step interval should be changed when the wide side is vertically stacked and the thin side is stacked vertically A program is provided in the control unit of the 3D printer. In addition, a rotating means capable of rotating the nozzle so as to easily change the direction of the nozzle may be further provided.
In the case of a 3D printer having a nozzle having a rectangular nozzle-hole cross-section, the step interval in the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction and the step interval in the z-axis direction are interchanged in accordance with the direction of the nozzle, There are advantages.
While the present invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be practical exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, It should be understood that various modifications made by the person skilled in the art are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (7)
Wherein a nozzle hole through which a molten material is discharged is formed in the longitudinal direction of the nozzle, a cross section of the nozzle hole crossing the longitudinal direction at a lower portion of the nozzle is formed into a square or a rectangular shape, The molten material is discharged,
The molten material discharged through the nozzle hole is laminated to form a surface contact between the layers of the molten material when the structure is formed,
Wherein the nozzle hole has a ridge protruding inward in a rounded shape at each side forming a quadrangular cross section intersecting in the longitudinal direction at an interval of at least a part of an upper portion of a rectangular cross section of a lower portion from which molten material is discharged, Wherein the molten material of the nozzle is formed to have a rectangular cross-sectional shape passing through the ridge portion.
The nozzle hole has a rectangular cross section,
The nozzle of the 3D printer is designed to have a rectangular cross-section of a molten material discharged by the 3D printer nozzle according to the shape of the structure so that the nozzle of the 3D printer is realized by a step between short sides of a rectangular cross- And the direction of stacking is changeable.
Wherein the rectangular cross section of the nozzle hole has a length ratio of 2 to 4 on the short side and the long side.
Wherein the rectangular cross section of the nozzle hole has an integral multiple of a length of a short side and a length of a long side of the nozzle hole.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1020150147783A KR101826024B1 (en) | 2015-10-23 | 2015-10-23 | Nozzle for materials extrusion type 3d printer |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1020150147783A KR101826024B1 (en) | 2015-10-23 | 2015-10-23 | Nozzle for materials extrusion type 3d printer |
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| KR20170047550A KR20170047550A (en) | 2017-05-08 |
| KR101826024B1 true KR101826024B1 (en) | 2018-02-07 |
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| KR1020150147783A KR101826024B1 (en) | 2015-10-23 | 2015-10-23 | Nozzle for materials extrusion type 3d printer |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR102390438B1 (en) | 2021-01-19 | 2022-04-25 | 한국원자력연구원 | Selective surface shaping type 3-dimensional printer |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20190023373A (en) | 2017-08-29 | 2019-03-08 | 엘븐트리 주식회사 | Nozzle unit for 3d printer |
| KR102120732B1 (en) | 2018-06-15 | 2020-06-10 | 경북대학교 산학협력단 | 3D printer and 3D model printing method based on material jetting type |
| KR102120719B1 (en) | 2018-06-15 | 2020-06-10 | 경북대학교 산학협력단 | 3D printer and 3D model printing method based on material extrusion type |
| DE102018130273A1 (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2020-06-04 | Homag Gmbh | Nozzle and method for additively forming a section |
| KR102239029B1 (en) | 2019-07-31 | 2021-04-13 | 경북대학교 산학협력단 | 3D printer and 3D model printing method based on material extrusion type |
| KR102239033B1 (en) | 2019-07-31 | 2021-04-12 | 경북대학교 산학협력단 | 3D printer and 3D model printing method based on material jetting type |
| KR102151080B1 (en) | 2019-12-18 | 2020-09-02 | 에쓰대시오일 주식회사 | Pellet for extrusion and injection, and Manufacturing apparatus thereof |
| CN115214129A (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2022-10-21 | 四川大学 | Continuous fiber reinforced composite 3D printing head and printer |
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| US20150084222A1 (en) * | 2013-09-24 | 2015-03-26 | Fenner, U.S., Inc. | Filament for fused deposit modeling |
| JP6098689B2 (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2017-03-22 | 凸版印刷株式会社 | Power storage device |
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2015
- 2015-10-23 KR KR1020150147783A patent/KR101826024B1/en active IP Right Grant
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20150084222A1 (en) * | 2013-09-24 | 2015-03-26 | Fenner, U.S., Inc. | Filament for fused deposit modeling |
| JP6098689B2 (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2017-03-22 | 凸版印刷株式会社 | Power storage device |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR102390438B1 (en) | 2021-01-19 | 2022-04-25 | 한국원자력연구원 | Selective surface shaping type 3-dimensional printer |
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| KR20170047550A (en) | 2017-05-08 |
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