KR101746976B1 - Apparatus and method for detecting weld defects in steel plates - Google Patents

Apparatus and method for detecting weld defects in steel plates Download PDF

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KR101746976B1
KR101746976B1 KR1020150180449A KR20150180449A KR101746976B1 KR 101746976 B1 KR101746976 B1 KR 101746976B1 KR 1020150180449 A KR1020150180449 A KR 1020150180449A KR 20150180449 A KR20150180449 A KR 20150180449A KR 101746976 B1 KR101746976 B1 KR 101746976B1
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South Korea
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wave
unit
welded portion
transfer function
transmission
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KR1020150180449A
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Korean (ko)
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최상우
강명구
김관태
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주식회사 포스코
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04—Analysing solids
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
    • G01N29/24—Probes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/36—Detecting the response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
    • G01N29/4409—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor by comparison
    • G01N29/4436—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor by comparison with a reference signal
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
    • G01N29/4472—Mathematical theories or simulation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
    • G01N2291/023—Solids
    • G01N2291/0234—Metals, e.g. steel
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/26—Scanned objects
    • G01N2291/267—Welds

Abstract

A steel plate welding defect detecting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is a steel plate welding defect detecting apparatus that irradiates an electromagnetic ultrasonic wave to a welded portion of a steel sheet in a first direction and a second direction and then transmits electromagnetic waves reflected from the welded portion, An ultrasonic sensor part; And a defect detector for detecting welding defects of the welded portion using the reflected wave and the phase contrast of the transmitted wave.

Figure R1020150180449

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a steel plate welding defect detecting apparatus and method,

The present invention relates to a steel plate weld defect detection apparatus and method.

Welding of steel sheet is a commonly used joining method when connecting two steel sheets together.

Welding of steel sheet is applied to connect various leading products such as pipes, pressure vessels, etc., or to connect the preceding and succeeding materials for continuous rolling in the manufacturing process of steel sheet.

The welds melt the joints of the two metals that are to be connected and melt, and melt the melt as necessary to connect the metal defects. However, due to various tolerances in the welding process, pores may be formed inside the welded portion, or stepped portions may be formed, resulting in a weld defect in which a large strength drop is caused as compared with the base metal.

In such a case, a large problem is caused in the function of the weld, and the joint is broken. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the presence and size of weld defect in the important weld.

Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1173612 (the name of the invention: an intelligent automatic welding device equipped with a real-time welding quality confirmation device)

According to an embodiment of the present invention, an apparatus and a method for detecting a steel plate weld defect are provided.

A steel plate welding defect detecting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is a steel plate welding defect detecting apparatus that irradiates an electromagnetic ultrasonic wave to a welded portion of a steel sheet in a first direction and a second direction and then transmits electromagnetic waves reflected from the welded portion, An ultrasonic sensor part; And a defect detector for detecting welding defects of the welded portion using the reflected wave and the phase contrast of the transmitted wave.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method for detecting a steel plate weld defect, the method comprising: an electromagnetic ultrasonic wave irradiation step of irradiating an electromagnetic ultrasonic wave in a first direction and a second direction with a predetermined time difference; An electromagnetic ultrasonic wave receiving step of receiving a transmitted wave transmitted through a welded portion of the steel plate and a reflected wave reflected from a welded portion of the steel plate based on the electromagnetic ultrasonic waves irradiated in the first direction and the second direction; And a welding defect detection step of detecting a welding defect of the welded portion using the phase contrast of the transmission wave and the reflected wave.

The use of the apparatus and method for detecting a steel plate welding defect according to an embodiment of the present invention has the effect of easily detecting weld defects in the weld.

1 is a block diagram showing a steel plate welding defect detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a plan view of the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor part shown in Fig.
3 is an exemplary diagram illustrating operations of the first receiver and the second receiver shown in FIG.
4 is an exemplary diagram for explaining Equation (1).
5 is an exemplary diagram for explaining a transmission ultrasonic wave generated by a Tone-Burst pulse input.
6 is a diagram showing an example of a display showing a welding defect distribution diagram of a welded portion detected using a signal transmission rate.
7 is a flowchart illustrating a steel plate welding defect detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating the defect detection step (S130) shown in FIG. 7 in more detail.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in order that those skilled in the art can easily carry out the present invention. In the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, a detailed description of known functions and configurations incorporated herein will be omitted when it may make the subject matter of the present invention rather unclear. In the drawings, like reference numerals are used throughout the drawings.

In addition, in the entire specification, when a part is referred to as being 'connected' to another part, it may be referred to as 'indirectly connected' not only with 'directly connected' . Also, to "include" an element means that it may include other elements, rather than excluding other elements, unless specifically stated otherwise.

Hereinafter, a steel plate welding defect detection apparatus and a steel plate welding defect detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

Before describing the present invention, according to the apparatus and method for detecting a steel plate welding defect according to an embodiment of the present invention, a welding defect is detected using an electromagnetic ultrasonic wave as a method that can be applied on-line by an automation technique.

Since ultrasonic waves applied to the steel sheet are applied to a thin steel sheet, a plate wave or a surface wave can be applied. In addition, electromagnetic ultrasonic waves (EMAT) can be used as a welding defect detection method using an ultrasonic wave that can be applied on-line in the manufacturing process.

Electromagnetic ultrasonic wave is a method of generating ultrasonic waves inside the upper body by applying alternating current corresponding to magnetic field and ultrasonic wave frequency. It does not need a contact medium and ultrasonic transmission and reception can be performed without contacting the sensor and material continuously. .

In the case of continuous rolling in the steel plate manufacturing process, it is necessary to re-weld the pre- and post-weld materials after judging welding quality after welding in the welding machine. In this case, the inspection of the welded portion can be performed quickly, if the inspection is performed at the position of the welder, and the welding can be completed within a short time until re-welding.

1 is a block diagram showing a steel plate welding defect detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

1, a steel plate welding defect detection apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor unit 110 and a defect detection unit 120. As shown in FIG.

The steel plate welding defect detection apparatus 100 may further include a display unit 130 for displaying a result of the welding defect detection unit 120 to a user.

The display unit 130 may be implemented as various types of displays such as an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), an OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diodes) display, and a PDP (Plasma Display Panel). A driving circuit, a backlight unit, and the like that can be implemented in the form of an a-si TFT, a low temperature poly silicon (LTPS) TFT, an OTFT (organic TFT), or the like may be included in the display unit 130.

More specifically, the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor unit 110 irradiates the electromagnetic ultrasonic waves in the first direction and the second direction with a predetermined time difference to the welded portion of the steel sheet, and then receives a transmission wave and a reflection wave generated in the welding portion .

Next, the defect detector 120 performs a function of detecting a weld defect of the weld using the phase contrast of the transmitted wave and the reflected wave.

Wherein the transmission wave is a transmission wave transmitted through the welding portion based on the irradiation direction of the electromagnetic ultrasonic waves, and the reflected wave is a reflection wave reflected on the welding portion.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor part shown in FIG. 1. Referring to FIG. 2, the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor part will be described in more detail.

The electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor unit 110 includes a housing 111, a first transmitter 112, a second transmitter 113, a first receiver 115, and a second receiver 114.

The housing 111 may be a hexahedron or a polyhedron. In addition, a linear groove (h) through which a welded portion having an uneven shape passes may be formed at the bottom center portion of the housing (111).

The material of the housing 111 may be any material that does not impede the transmission of the magnetic field and electric field, and may be any one of a polymer compound, a ceramic, and a mixed material in which a polymer and a ceramic are mixed. Alternatively, Except for the portion where the coil is located, the remaining portion may be made of a metal material.

Next, the first transmitting unit 112 irradiates the electromagnetic ultrasonic waves to the welding unit in the first direction, and the second transmitting unit 113 irradiates the electromagnetic ultrasonic waves to the welding unit in the second direction. At this time, the electromagnetic ultrasonic waves irradiated by the first transmitter 112 and the electromagnetic ultrasonic waves irradiated by the second transmitter 113 are irradiated to have a predetermined time difference.

The first transmission unit 112 and the second transmission unit 113 may include magnetic force members 112a and 113a formed of electromagnets or permanent magnets and transmission coils 112b and 113b spaced apart from the lower end of the magnetic force member .

The first receiving unit 115 receives the transmission wave or the reflected wave according to the irradiation direction of the electromagnetic ultrasonic waves.

The second receiving unit 114 receives the transmission wave or the reflected wave according to the irradiation direction of the electromagnetic ultrasonic waves.

The first receiving unit 115 and the second receiving unit 114 may include a magnetic force member formed of an electromagnet or a permanent magnet and a receiving coil spaced apart from a lower end of the magnetic force member.

 The electromagnet or permanent magnet polarity included in the first receiving portion 115 and the second receiving portion 114 has a polarity opposite to that of the electromagnet or permanent magnet included in the first transmitting portion 112 and the second transmitting portion 113 .

On the other hand, the transmission coils 112b and 113b and the reception coils 114b and 115b are inclined at a predetermined inclination angle in the direction of the welded portion of the steel plate. Such a layout reduces the space width on the left and right sides based on the welded portion, thereby reducing space constraints. The inclination angle is an angle that allows the electromagnetic ultrasonic waves irradiated from the transmission coils 112b and 113b to be totally reflected by the welding portion and to the extent that the transmission coil and the reception coil do not interfere with the weld portion. . ≪ / RTI >

The structure of the transmission coil and the reception coil may be the same as that of the meander coil.

The interval between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil arranged in the diagonal direction is set to an interval equal to or more than (the number of coil repetitive patterns + the number of Tone burst cycles) x 2 x wavelength length.

The gap between the transmission coil and the reception coil arranged in the diagonal direction as described above is set because the influence of the strong pulse at the time of generating the tone burst pulse also affects the reception coil. Therefore, after the completion of generation of the two transmission pulses, So that ultrasound can be reached.

Based on the above distance, the time difference of the electromagnetic ultrasonic waves irradiated in the first direction and the second direction is {(the number of repeated patterns of the transmitting / receiving coil + the number of tone burst cycles of the generated electromagnetic ultrasonic waves - 1) +? X (electromagnetic ultrasonic wave period).

In addition, there is an aftershock occurring in one cycle, which corresponds to α.

Referring to FIG. 5, when the number of repetitive patterns of the transmission coil having the Meander coil structure is 4, the number of repetition patterns of the input pulses of the Tone- When a spark is input to the transmitting coil, a transmitted ultrasonic wave is generated.

Since the electromagnetic ultrasonic waves generated in the respective coil patterns appear superimposed, waves smaller than the number of coil patterns + the number of tone-burst cycles are generated, and further excitation generated in one cycle follows.

At this time, since it is expressed in units of the number of cycles of the ultrasonic wave, the total ultrasonic holding time is calculated by multiplying the period corresponding to one cycle to express it in terms of time. Here, since there is overlap, -1 is required for the number of tone-burst cycles.

On the other hand, the electromagnetic ultrasound can be focused around the target point in order to accurately reach a specific point of the weld.

The structure of the transmission coil and the reception coil has the structure of a meander coil, but each transmission coil and each line of the reception coil can be concentric about one point of the weld.

Further, in order to eliminate the influence of the side lobe, both ends of each of the concentric transmitting coil and the receiving coil may have a straight-line shape.

On the other hand, in electromagnetic-wave ultrasonic waves, a plurality of cycles are applied to one pulse when an ultrasonic wave is generated. In a plurality of cycles, superposition of the in-phase occurs in a direction different from the direction in which ultrasonic waves propagate, Thereby forming a side lobe.

Therefore, in order to remove the side lobe, the transmission coil and the reception coil disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention may be arranged so that both ends of the coil are arranged in a straight line different from the existing direction in order to disturb the periodicity in a direction different from the traveling direction of the electromagnetic ultrasonic waves As shown in FIG.

Therefore, through this structure, the electromagnetic ultrasonic waves can be extinct on the left and right of the electromagnetic ultrasonic wave center direction, and the focusing operation can be facilitated in the center direction.

3 is an exemplary diagram illustrating operations of the first receiver and the second receiver shown in FIG.

3 (a), when electromagnetic ultrasonic waves are radiated in the first direction through the transmission coil 112b of the first transmission unit 112, the first reception unit 115 transmits the transmission wave transmitted through the welding unit And the second receiving unit 114 receives the reflected wave reflected from the welded portion.

Referring to FIG. 2B, when electromagnetic ultrasonic waves are radiated in the second direction through the second transmitting unit 113, the first receiving unit 115 receives the reflected wave reflected from the welding unit, and the second receiving unit 114, Receives the transmitted wave that has passed through the welded portion.

Therefore, as described above, the first receiving unit 115 and the second receiving unit 114 disclosed in the present invention can receive the transmission wave and the reflected wave based on the irradiation direction of the electromagnetic ultrasonic waves.

Referring to FIG. 1 again, the defect detector 120 detects welding defects of the welded portion by using the transmitted wave transmitted through the welded portion and the phase contrast of the reflected wave reflected from the welded portion, based on electromagnetic ultrasonic waves radiated from different directions .

More specifically, the defect detection unit 120 includes a transfer function conversion unit 121, a signal transmission rate extraction unit 122, and a defect determination unit 123.

Referring to FIG. 4, the transfer function converting unit 121 converts transmission and reflection waves received from the first receiving unit 115 and the second receiving unit 114 into a transfer function using the following equation (1). 4 is an exemplary diagram for explaining Equation (1).

 [Equation 1]

Figure 112015123577926-pat00001

Here, the first transfer function is a transfer function of a transmission wave generated in the first transmission unit and transmitted through the welded portion during propagation in the steel plate and received by the first reception unit, and the second transfer function occurs in the second transmission unit, And the third transfer function is a transfer function of the reflected wave received at the second receiver and reflected at the welded portion during propagation in the steel plate generated in the first transmitter and transmitted through the welded portion, And the fourth transfer function represents a transfer function of the reflected wave received from the first receiver, reflected from the welded portion during propagation in the steel plate, generated in the second transmitter.

Referring to FIG. 4, T 1 denotes an electromagnetic ultrasonic wave component generated in the steel plate at the first transmitting part and propagated to the welding part, T 2 denotes an electromagnetic ultrasonic wave component generated in the steel plate at the second transmitting part and propagated to the welding part, Th 11 is a penetration component of the welded part of the transmitted wave generated and propagated in the first transmitter, Th 22 is the welded component of the transmitted wave generated and propagated in the second transmitter, Rf 12 is a reflection component at the welded portion of the reflected wave reflected by the welded portion and received by the second receiving portion. Rf 21 is a reflection component of the ultrasonic wave transmitted from the second transmitting unit at the welded portion of the reflected wave reflected at the welding unit and received at the first receiving unit. R 1 and R 2 are electromagnetic ultrasound components that are transmitted from the welded portion or reflected from the electromagnetic wave and propagated from the welded portion and received by the respective receiving coils.

The signal transmission rate extraction unit 122 performs a function of extracting the signal transmission rate according to the phase contrast of the transmission wave and the reflected wave after erasing the characteristic component of the electromagnetic ultrasonic wave included in the transfer function.

The signal transmission rate extraction unit 122 extracts the signal transmission rate using the following equation (2).

&Quot; (2) "

Figure 112015123577926-pat00002

The synthesis of the first transfer function and the second transfer function is described in the denominator and the synthesis of the third transfer function and the fourth transfer function is described in the numerator.

In the numerator and the denominator, there are common components T 1 and T 2 , which are the components of electromagnetic ultrasound generation and transmission to the weld.

Ultrasonic wave propagation from the welding portion to each receiving coil and received components R 1 and R 2 are common to each other. These T 1, T 2, R 1 and After clearing the R 2 Rf 12 · Rf 21 / Th 11 · Th 22 man remains.

In other words, since the characteristics of electromagnetic ultrasonic waves due to the change of transmission and reception conditions and the electromagnetic wave components generated by the generation of electromagnetic ultrasonic waves in the steel sheet are erased, only the propagation characteristics of transmitted and reflected wave and reflected wave are left in the weld.

Therefore, the signal transmission rate is the relative ratio of the reflected wave to the transmitted wave, and the magnitude of the reflected wave is close to zero if there is no defect in the weld. Conversely, if the defect becomes large in the weld, the magnitude of the transmitted wave becomes close to zero.

Meanwhile, the defect determination unit 123 compares the signal transmission rate with a reference value, and when the signal transmission rate exceeds the reference value, the defect determination unit 123 determines that a weld defect has occurred in the weld. The reference value may be a selection value that varies depending on the size of a welding defect to be detected.

6 is an example of a display showing a welding defect distribution diagram of a welded portion detected using a signal transmission rate.

As shown in FIG. 6, the display unit 130 may display the welding defect detected by the defect detecting unit 120 to the user using the signal transmission ratio of the width to the width. In addition, the display unit 130 can display the parts corresponding to welding defects exceeding the reference value by blinking or displaying different colors according to the magnitude of the signal transmission rate.

Therefore, the user can easily find the occurrence of weld defect, the position of the weld defect where the weld defect occurs, and the size of the weld defect.

7 is a flowchart illustrating a steel plate welding defect detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

7, a steel plate welding defect detection method S100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an electromagnetic ultrasonic wave irradiation step S110, a transmission wave and reflected wave reception step S120, and a defect detection step S130. .

The electromagnetic ultrasonic wave irradiation step (S110) may be a step of irradiating electromagnetic ultrasonic waves in the first direction and the second direction with a time difference to the welding part of the steel sheet.

The transmission wave and the reflected wave reception step (S120) may be a step of receiving a transmission wave transmitted through the welded portion and a reflected wave reflected on the welded portion based on the electromagnetic ultrasonic waves irradiated in the first direction and the second direction.

The defect detection step (S130) may detect the welding defect in the welded portion of the steel sheet using the signal transmission rate of the reflected wave with respect to the transmission wave extracted using the transfer function after converting each of the transmission wave and the reflected wave into a transfer function Lt; / RTI >

FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating the defect detection step (S130) shown in FIG. 7 in more detail.

More specifically, the defect detection step S130 may include a transfer function conversion step S131, a signal transmission rate extraction step S132, and a defect determination step S133.

The transfer function conversion step S131 may be a step of converting a transmission wave transmitted through the welded portion and a reflected wave reflected from the welded portion into a transfer function based on the electromagnetic ultrasonic waves irradiated in the first direction and the second direction.

The transfer function conversion step S131 is a step of converting a transmission wave and a reflection wave into a transfer function using Equation (1) below.

[Equation 1]

Figure 112015123577926-pat00003

Here, the first transfer function is a transfer function of a transmission wave generated in the first transmission unit and transmitted through the welded portion during propagation in the steel plate and received by the first reception unit, and the second transfer function occurs in the second transmission unit, And the third transfer function is a transfer function of the reflected wave received at the second receiver and reflected at the welded portion during propagation in the steel plate generated in the first transmitter and transmitted through the welded portion, And the fourth transfer function represents a transfer function of the reflected wave received from the first receiver, reflected from the welded portion during propagation in the steel plate, generated in the second transmitter.

Referring to FIG. 4, T 1 denotes an electromagnetic ultrasonic wave component generated in the steel plate at the first transmission part and propagated to the welding part, T 2 denotes an electromagnetic ultrasonic wave component generated in the steel plate at the second transmission part and propagated to the welding part, Th 11 is a penetration component of the welded part of the transmitted wave generated and propagated in the first transmitter, Th 22 is the welded component of the transmitted wave generated and propagated in the second transmitter, Rf 12 is a reflection component at the welded portion of the reflected wave reflected by the welded portion and received by the second receiving portion. Rf 21 is a reflection component of the ultrasonic wave transmitted from the second transmitting unit at the welded portion of the reflected wave reflected at the welding unit and received at the first receiving unit. R 1 and R 2 are electromagnetic ultrasound components that are transmitted from the welded portion or reflected from the electromagnetic wave and propagated from the welded portion and received by the respective receiving coils.

The signal transmission rate extraction step (S132) may include extracting the signal transmission rate according to the phase contrast of the reflected wave with respect to the transmission wave after erasing the ultrasonic characteristic component included in the transfer function.

The signal transmission rate extraction step S132 may be a step of extracting a signal transmission rate using the following equation (2).

&Quot; (2) "

Figure 112015123577926-pat00004

(2) where the signal transfer rate is extracted in the signal transfer rate extraction step (S132), the synthesis of the first transfer function and the second transfer function is described in the denominator, and the third transfer function and the fourth transfer function Is described. In the numerator and the denominator, there are common components T 1 and T 2 , which are the components of electromagnetic ultrasound generation and transmission to the weld.

And ultrasonic wave propagation from the welding part to each of the receiving coils and the received components R 1 and R 2 are common to each other. These T 1, T 2, R 1 and After clearing the R 2 Rf 12 · Rf 21 / Th 11 · Th 22 man remains. In other words, the characteristics of electromagnetic ultrasonic waves due to changes in the transmission and reception conditions and the electromagnetic wave components generated due to the generation of electromagnetic ultrasonic waves in the steel sheet are canceled, so that the propagation characteristics of the transmitted waves and reflected waves generated in the welds remain.

Therefore, the signal transmission rate is the relative ratio of the reflected wave to the transmission wave, and the magnitude of the reflected wave becomes close to zero if there is no defect in the weld. Conversely, when the weld defect becomes large in the weld,

The welding defect determination step (S133) may be a step of comparing the signal transmission rate with a reference value and determining that a weld defect has occurred in the weld portion when the signal transmission rate exceeds the reference value. The reference value may be a selection value that varies depending on the size of a welding defect to be detected.

Meanwhile, the steel plate welding defect detection method (S100) according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include a welding defect indication step (not shown). The welding defect display step (not shown) may be a step of displaying the welding defect detected in the defect detection step S130 to the user using the signal transmission ratio with respect to the width of the panel.

At this time, the welding defect display step may be a step of blinking a part corresponding to welding defect exceeding the reference value or displaying different colors according to the magnitude of the signal transmission rate. Therefore, the user can easily find the occurrence of weld defect, the position of the weld defect where the weld defect occurs, and the size of the weld defect.

Therefore, according to the apparatus and method for detecting a steel plate welding defect according to an embodiment of the present invention, welding defect inspection of a welded portion can be performed at a position where the welder is located, and welding and welding defect inspection can be simultaneously performed.

The steel plate welding defect detecting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is a steel plate welding defect detecting apparatus that irradiates a welding portion of a steel sheet with electromagnetic ultrasonic waves in a first direction and a second direction with a predetermined time difference, There is an advantage that it can be easily used in high-quality welding conditions in which sensitive sensitivity is required.

The steel plate welding defect detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention can extract only electromagnetic ultrasonic waves related to welding defects in a welded portion to increase the sensitivity to welding defects and improve the detection sensitivity to small welding defects .

For reference, the defect detector 120 disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention may be a computing device, and the computing device may include at least one processing unit and memory.

The processing unit may include a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), a microprocessor, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) And may have a plurality of cores.

The memory may be a volatile memory (e.g., RAM, etc.), a non-volatile memory (e.g., ROM, flash memory, etc.), or a combination thereof.

The computing device may also include additional storage. Storage includes, but is not limited to, magnetic storage, optical storage, and the like.

The storage may store computer readable instructions for implementing one or more embodiments disclosed herein, and may also store other computer readable instructions for implementing an operating system, application programs, and the like. The computer readable instructions stored in the storage may be loaded into memory for execution by the processing unit.

On the other hand, the computing device may include communication connection (s) that enable it to communicate with other devices (e.g., temperature measurement unit, zero calibration unit) through the network. Here, the communication connection (s) may include a modem, a network interface card (NIC), an integrated network interface, a radio frequency transmitter / receiver, an infrared port, a USB connection or other interface for connecting a computing device to another computing device . The communication connection (s) may also include wired connections or wireless connections.

Each component of the computing device described above may be connected by various interconnects (e.g., peripheral component interconnect (PCI), USB, firmware (IEEE 1394), optical bus architecture, etc.) As shown in FIG.

As used herein, terms such as " to "refer generally to hardware, a combination of hardware and software, software, or computer-related entities that are software in execution. For example, an element may be, but is not limited to being, a processor, an object, an executable, an executable thread, a program and / or a computer running on a processor. For example, both the application running on the controller and the controller may be components. One or more components may reside within a process and / or thread of execution, and the components may be localized on one computer and distributed among two or more computers.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments, but various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Therefore, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are not intended to limit the technical spirit of the present invention, but are intended to illustrate and not limit the scope of the technical spirit of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention should be construed according to the claims, and all technical ideas which are within the scope of the same should be interpreted as being included in the scope of the present invention.

100: steel plate welding defect detection device 110: electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor part
111: housing 112: first transmitter
112a: magnetic force body 112b: transmission coil
113: second transmitting unit 113a:
113b: transmitting coil 114: second receiving unit
114a: magnetic force body 114b: receiving coil
115: first receiving section 115a:
115b: Receiving coil 120: Defect detection unit
121: transfer function converting unit 122: signal transfer rate extracting unit
123: welding defect judgment unit 130: display unit

Claims (14)

delete delete delete delete An electromagnetic ultrasonic wave is irradiated to the welded portion of the steel plate with a predetermined time difference in different first and second directions with the welded portion of the steel plate interposed therebetween. Then, electromagnetic waves are transmitted through the welded portion, An ultrasonic sensor part; And
And a defect detector for detecting welding defects of the welded portion using the reflected wave and the phase contrast of the transmitted wave,
Wherein the welding defect detecting section comprises:
A transfer function converting unit for converting the transmitted wave and the reflected wave into a predetermined transfer function;
A signal transmission rate extraction unit for extracting a signal transmission rate according to a transfer function of the transmission wave and a transfer function ratio of the reflection wave after erasing the propagation characteristic component included in the transfer function; And
And a welding defect determining unit for comparing the signal transmission rate with a reference value and determining that a defect has occurred in the welding unit when the signal transmission rate exceeds the reference value.
An electromagnetic ultrasonic wave is irradiated to the welded portion of the steel plate with a predetermined time difference in different first and second directions with the welded portion of the steel plate interposed therebetween. Then, electromagnetic waves are transmitted through the welded portion, An ultrasonic sensor part; And
And a defect detector for detecting welding defects of the welded portion using the reflected wave and the phase contrast of the transmitted wave,
Wherein the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor part comprises:
housing;
A first transmitting unit for irradiating the electromagnetic ultrasonic waves with the welding unit in the first direction;
A second transmitter for irradiating electromagnetic waves to the welded portion in the second direction;
A first receiving unit receiving the transmission wave or the reflected wave according to the irradiation direction of the electromagnetic ultrasonic waves; And
And a second receiving unit that receives the transmitted wave or the reflected wave according to the irradiation direction of the electromagnetic ultrasonic wave,
Wherein the defect detecting unit comprises:
A transfer function converting unit for converting the transmitted wave and the reflected wave into a predetermined transfer function;
A signal transmission rate extraction unit for extracting a signal transmission rate according to a transfer function of the transmission wave and a transfer function ratio of the reflection wave after erasing the propagation characteristic component included in the transfer function; And
And a welding defect determining unit for comparing the signal transmission rate with a reference value and determining that a defect has occurred in the weld when the signal transmission rate exceeds the reference value,
Wherein the transfer function conversion unit comprises:
A steel plate welding defect detection apparatus for converting a transmission wave and a reflection wave received by the first receiving unit and the second receiving unit into a transfer function by using Equation (1) below.
[Equation 1]
Figure 112017035769372-pat00005

Here, the first transfer function is a transfer function of a transmission wave generated in the first transmission unit and transmitted through the welded portion during propagation in the steel plate and received by the first reception unit, and the second transfer function occurs in the second transmission unit, And the third transfer function is a transfer function of the reflected wave received at the second receiver and reflected at the welded portion during propagation in the steel plate generated in the first transmitter and transmitted through the welded portion, And the fourth transfer function represents a transfer function of the reflected wave received from the first receiver, reflected from the welded portion during propagation in the steel plate, generated in the second transmitter.
T 1 represents the electromagnetic ultrasonic components propagate through the weld to occur inside the steel sheet in a first transmission, T 2 represents the electromagnetic ultrasonic components propagate generated in the steel sheet in the second transmission unit to the welded portion, Th 11 includes a first transmission unit And Th 22 is a transmission component of the welded part of the transmission wave generated and propagated in the second transmission unit and received by the second reception unit, and Rf 12 is a transmission component of the transmission wave generated and propagated in the second transmission unit, Is a reflection component at the welded portion of the reflected wave reflected at the welding portion and received at the second receiving portion. Rf 21 is a reflection component of the ultrasonic wave transmitted from the second transmitting unit at the welded portion of the reflected wave reflected at the welding unit and received at the first receiving unit. R 1 and R 2 are electromagnetic ultrasound components that are transmitted from the welded portion or reflected from the electromagnetic wave and propagated from the welded portion and received by the respective receiving coils.
6. The method of claim 5,
Wherein the signal transmission rate extraction unit comprises:
A steel plate welding defect detection apparatus for extracting the signal transmission rate using the following formula (2).
&Quot; (2) "
Figure 112015123577926-pat00006

 delete An electromagnetic ultrasonic wave irradiation step of irradiating the welded portion of the steel plate with electromagnetic ultrasonic waves with a predetermined time difference in different first and second directions with the welded portion of the steel plate interposed therebetween;
An electromagnetic ultrasonic wave receiving step of receiving a transmitted wave transmitted through a welded portion of the steel plate and a reflected wave reflected from a welded portion of the steel plate based on the electromagnetic ultrasonic waves irradiated in the first direction and the second direction; And
And a welding defect detection step of detecting a welding defect of the welded portion using the phase contrast of the transmission wave and the reflected wave,
The welding defect detecting step includes:
A transfer function converting step of converting the transmission wave and the reflection wave into a transfer function; And
A signal transmission rate extraction step of, after erasing the propagation characteristic component included in the transfer function, extracting a signal transmission rate according to a ratio of the transfer function of the transmission wave and the transfer function of the reflection wave; And
And comparing the signal transmission rate with a reference value to determine that a defect has occurred in the weld when the signal transmission rate exceeds the reference value.
10. The method of claim 9,
Wherein the transfer function conversion step comprises:
And transforming the transmitted wave and the reflected wave into a transfer function using Equation (1) below.
[Equation 1]
Figure 112015123577926-pat00007

Here, the first transfer function is a transfer function of a transmission wave generated in the first transmission unit and transmitted through the welded portion during propagation in the steel plate and received by the first reception unit, and the second transfer function occurs in the second transmission unit, And the third transfer function is a transfer function of the reflected wave received at the second receiver and reflected at the welded portion during propagation in the steel plate generated in the first transmitter and transmitted through the welded portion, And the fourth transfer function represents a transfer function of the reflected wave received from the first receiver, reflected from the welded portion during propagation in the steel plate, generated in the second transmitter.
T 1 represents the electromagnetic ultrasonic components propagate through the weld to occur inside the steel sheet in a first transmission, T 2 represents the electromagnetic ultrasonic components propagate generated in the steel sheet in the second transmission unit to the welded portion, Th 11 includes a first transmission unit And Th 22 is a transmission component of the welded part of the transmission wave generated and propagated in the second transmission unit and received by the second reception unit, and Rf 12 is a transmission component of the transmission wave generated and propagated in the second transmission unit, Is a reflection component at the welded portion of the reflected wave reflected at the welding portion and received at the second receiving portion. Rf 21 is a reflection component of the ultrasonic wave transmitted from the second transmitting unit at the welded portion of the reflected wave reflected at the welding unit and received at the first receiving unit. R 1 and R 2 are electromagnetic ultrasound components that are transmitted from the welded portion or reflected from the electromagnetic wave and propagated from the welded portion and received by the respective receiving coils.
10. The method of claim 9,
Wherein the signal transmission rate extraction step comprises:
A steel plate weld defect detection method for extracting the signal transmission rate using the following formula (2).
&Quot; (2) "
Figure 112015123577926-pat00008
 6. The method of claim 5,
Wherein the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor part comprises:
housing;
A first transmitting unit for irradiating the electromagnetic ultrasonic waves with the welding unit in the first direction;
A second transmitter for irradiating electromagnetic waves to the welded portion in the second direction;
A first receiving unit receiving the transmission wave or the reflected wave according to the irradiation direction of the electromagnetic ultrasonic waves; And
And a second receiver for receiving the transmission wave or the reflected wave according to the irradiation direction of the electromagnetic ultrasonic waves.
13. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 12,
Wherein the first transmission unit and the second transmission unit,
A magnetic force body formed of an electromagnet or a permanent magnet; And
And a transmitting coil spaced apart from a lower end of the magnetic force body.
13. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 12,
Wherein the first receiving unit and the second receiving unit,
A magnetic force body formed of an electromagnet or a permanent magnet; And
And a receiving coil spaced apart from a lower end of the magnetic force body.
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CN108760898A (en) * 2018-04-27 2018-11-06 中国石油天然气集团公司管材研究所 Composite bimetal pipe girth joint ultrasound examination reference block and its design method
KR20210078803A (en) * 2019-12-19 2021-06-29 주식회사 포스코 Apparatus for testing weld
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CN108760898A (en) * 2018-04-27 2018-11-06 中国石油天然气集团公司管材研究所 Composite bimetal pipe girth joint ultrasound examination reference block and its design method
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